We sow the earliest vegetable - radishes. Planting radishes in spring in open ground with seeds, growing and caring for radishes, harvesting Radishes, planting and caring for open ground

Radish is the earliest root crop, which becomes marketable in 20-40 days, depending on the varietal timing of product receipt. Planting and caring for radishes is not difficult even if you have no experience garden work. To have root vegetables on the table all summer, you should use some special techniques.

Radish agricultural technology

When growing radishes, you need to know the following features:

• cold-resistant crop with possible winter sowing;
• the soil for the crop must be fertile, but without fresh organic matter;
• long daylight hours create conditions for shooting, to the detriment of filling;

For planting and caring for radishes in open ground, choose a lighted area. Before sowing, the soil is filled with rotted manure, complex mineral fertilizers and dig well. Better garden bed prepare in the fall, and sow in the winter or early spring. It should be taken into account that the seeds are placed in the grooves to a depth of 1 cm and the soil above them is compacted.

For continuous plantings, it is better to use a marker with 5x5 cm teeth. Then the seeds are placed at the same distance with uniform depth and compaction. Shoots appear simultaneously, no thinning is required. Each gardener chooses how to plant radishes himself. You can sow a separate bed, make markers from seedlings for difficult-to-germinate crops, or stick along the edges of beds with other crops.

By sowing seeds with different ripening periods, you can obtain products from one bed within a month. Thus, the French Breakfast radish will delight you with its delicate crispy pulp 20 days after germination, and the Ice Icicle will have commercial ripeness after 45 days. Thus, you can have fresh radishes on the table for a month from one sowing date.

How to get an early radish harvest

In order to already have your favorite root vegetable in May, you need to take care of this in advance. An open place on the site is selected for early planting. Later it will be possible to land here heat-loving crops. There are several ways to grow first-crop radishes in open ground. For sowing, you need to choose fresh large seeds of early ripening varieties. The seeding rate is 2-3 g/m2. Depending on the region, sowing of seeds is carried out at different times - before winter or in early spring under temporary shelter.

Pre-winter sowing is carried out with a steady onset of cold weather in previously prepared furrows. The top of the crop is covered with thawed soil prepared in advance. In spring, the seeds will hatch early, since seedlings appear at 2-3 degrees and can withstand return frosts of up to 6 degrees. Another way is winter sowing. In the middle of winter, snow is removed from the garden bed, seeds are laid out in the furrows and covered with a 2 cm layer of peat.

Sowing radishes before winter and in winter allows you to get the first harvest a decade earlier than when spring way landings. The area with early seedlings is covered when the temperature drops, but more often a temporary shelter made of arcs is installed above such a bed.

If early radishes are grown as a business, the best way Sowing seeds will be done using a marker and the distance between tapes with continuous sowing is 40-50 cm. Such placement of the crop will ensure the care of the plants. The entire area is covered with a film frame to ensure ventilation. Early sowing on prepared soil is done when the ground has thawed by 2-3 cm. If the morning frost on the soil was stronger than three degrees, the plants are watered and shaded before the sun's rays touch the plant. Radishes grow quickly if they have enough moisture and sunlight. Root crops are selected gradually as they ripen.

Sowing radishes during the summer

More often they use sowing of early varieties at several times, every summer month. How to grow radishes in midsummer, when there are more than 12 hours of daylight? Radishes should go into decline at the height of summer precisely because of the lighting conditions. Therefore, in the summer they artificially shorten the day by covering the radish bed with dark geotextiles in arcs. You cannot cover it with film, as the sun will create unbearable heat under the shelter. It is necessary to illuminate the bed for 10-12 hours, only then can you get root crops and not an arrow with seeds.

Summer heat interferes with watering, dries out the soil, and promotes the appearance of pests that eat leaves and gnaw through roots.

In summer, the bed should be damp, loose and constantly sprinkled with wood ash or tobacco dust. No insecticides should be used on early ripening crops.

When to plant radishes for the second time depends on the willingness of the owners to maintain the light regime for them every day. If it is possible to provide watering and daylight, the root crop can be grown in midsummer using non-shooting varieties. But on hot days, the filling is weak. In the shade, radishes will produce a lot of greenery to the detriment of the size of the head. Sowing radish seeds in June is irrational.

Planting radishes in July is more consistent with its biology. In the second half of the month, the heat already subsides, the sunny days are shorter and the nights are colder. Therefore, in August they get a new wave of tasty root vegetables. Planting and caring for radishes in open ground ends at the end of September, when large root crops of late varieties are harvested for winter storage.

In order to get radishes in September, radishes must be planted in early August. Beds freed from onions for turnips are ideally suited. They are well fertilized, loose and there is enough time before the onset of cold weather to obtain marketable radishes. Planting radishes in August and early September is practiced in areas with a warm climate. There, favorable development of root crops is ensured even in early October. The Trans-Urals should finish the growing season in the first half of September. These climatic conditions are taken into account when planning the timing of sowing radish seeds for storage.

Greenhouse cultivation of radishes

The Siberian climate does not allow the first sowings to be done before May. Therefore, the greenhouse method of spring cultivation of radishes is widespread in this area. Radishes are the predecessor of tomatoes and peppers in stationary greenhouses. It is sowed in April in order to obtain the first root crops by mid-May.

When cultivating radishes in a greenhouse, it is important:

• choose greenhouse varieties that are not prone to bolting;
• provide plants with illumination;
• thin out radish seedlings in a timely manner;
• ventilation, watering, loosening are required.

If you do not follow the conditions for planting and caring for radishes, a lot of greenery will grow to the detriment of the root crop, but the leaves of greenhouse radishes are tender and suitable for making salads.

In Japan, radish leaves are considered the most valuable vitamin greens and they are consumed as food.

Obtaining radish seeds

Radishes are an annual crop, so you can get the seeds yourself. To do this, seeds are grown through seedlings. Seeds grown in containers are rarely transplanted into open ground, every 30 cm and at row spacing of 70. The plants are fed with phosphorus-potassium fertilizers and protected from insect pests.

The pods produced on the bush turn yellow in September. Such stems are cut, ripened and dried for two weeks and threshed. In Siberia, the testes are grown in a container, brought into a greenhouse in September and grown in closed ground. The threshed seeds are calibrated, leaving only large ones.

Video about a little trick when planting radishes

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Gardener tips: how to grow radishes in open ground

Radish is a fairly early ripening vegetable. It is often grown in greenhouses. But this action can also be performed in open ground. To do this, you only need to know a few simple rules, and even an inexperienced gardener can handle the process.

In order for radishes to fully grow and develop, they need to prepare favorable soil. When planting radishes, you must remember that the soil should be as loose as possible. If such soil is not provided to this plant, then cracks will form on its fruits. That is why, before planting radishes, the soil is dug up and appropriate fertilizers are added to it.

The ideal option for planting this plant is super-sandy, slightly acidic soil.

Fertilizing the land:

• In order for radishes to properly form root crops, they need to be provided with the optimal amount of mineral fertilizers. These fertilizers include potassium salt and superphosphate.
• Soil fertilization directly depends on the period of planting of a given plant. When applying fertilizers, you need to know that fresh manure has a detrimental effect on radishes. That is why it should never be used as fertilizer.
• Fertilizing the soil should be done in advance. For example, if radishes are planned to be planted in the spring, then the soil is fertilized in the fall.
• On square meter In the area allocated for radishes, it is necessary to add at least one bucket of rotted manure.

The choice of location for planting this plant also plays an important role. This culture loves light and therefore needs to be planted in very well-lit places. Also, the planting site of this plant must be reliably protected from the wind.

There are three ways to grow radishes in open ground:

1. Spring
2. Winter
3. Podzimny

The winter method of planting this plant is to sow the seeds in November. If at this moment the ground is frozen, then dry seeds must be sown in the ground. After sowing the radish seeds, they are covered with humus. This method of planting this plant requires choosing a southern or south-eastern site. Also, when planting radishes in the winter, you need to pay attention so that in the autumn the place is not flooded with melted water.

In order to obtain radish seedlings no two weeks earlier than during spring planting, they are planted in winter.

When using this planting method, the beds are prepared in the fall. To do this, grooves are cut, the width of which is five centimeters. During a snowy winter, snow is removed from the beds before planting radishes. Seeds are sown in the prepared grooves, and the top is covered with peat.

The spring method most often used when planting this plant is:

• Radishes are planted after the winter cold has subsided.
• Radishes are planted directly in open ground.
• The time for planting radishes in the spring directly depends on the characteristics of the region.
• Most often, radishes are planted from late April to early May.
• Radishes should be planted only when the temperature is set at +15 degrees for a long time. In this case, the night temperature should not be lower than +5 degrees.
• Before planting seeds, the beds are dug up and grooves are made in them.
• The distance between the grooves should be at least twenty centimeters.
• Planting seeds can be done in whole handfuls. The crops are dug up and moistened abundantly.

If there is a need for seedlings to emerge several days earlier, the planting site for this plant is covered with film. The first radish shoots appear within five days. Most often, a large number of seeds are used for planting radishes, so the first shoots appear crowded.

In order for the radishes not to “stack”, they must be weeded. For this purpose, the strongest plants are selected. 2-3 seedlings are left every 5-6 centimeters. After a few days, the strongest ones are selected from these seedlings, and the rest are pulled out.

In order for the radish fruits to be large and juicy, it needs to be regularly weeded. This not only removes weeds, but also loosens the soil, which has a beneficial effect on the size of the fruit. This plant also needs watering. In very dry soils, the radish fruits will be small and bitter in taste, and its above-ground part will begin to shoot arrows. Thinning of this plant should begin only when the seeds have mostly germinated. This action is carried out approximately 5-7 days after sowing, when the rows are clearly visible.

After final thinning, the radishes must be watered from a watering can for rooting.

This is necessary, since during thinning the root system of the radish may be damaged, which may not strengthen without water. You need to water the radishes from a watering can. On average, two liters of water need to be poured onto one square meter of bed.

Also, after planting radishes, it is necessary to ensure timely application of fertilizers. Urea and mullein are used as fertilizers. You need to take one teaspoon of urea, and one glass of mullein. Five liters of the resulting solution can treat 1 square meter of bed. Thanks to the application of these fertilizers, the development of radishes will be significantly accelerated. In order to limit the radish from being attacked by pests, before weeding the bed, you need to sprinkle ground pepper or dry mustard in the amount of 1 teaspoon per 1 square meter.

Harvesting occurs as it ripens. If the fruits have reached normal size, they must be collected. To do this, you just need to gently pull the plant by the stem.

Radishes can be affected by weevils, cabbage moths, cabbage fly larvae, and many others.

In order to limit the possibility of the appearance of these pests, it is necessary to sprinkle the beds with ordinary wood ash. Before planting this plant, you should not use wood ash, as it can cause shoots to appear, which will negatively affect the harvest. If radishes are damaged by pests, it is necessary to immediately begin combating them.

• If you find a weevil in a garden bed, you need to spray the plant with special insecticides. Also, to prevent the appearance of this pest, you can plant garlic and onions around the radish bed. The cabbage moth attacks the above-ground part of this plant, which negatively affects the harvest. When this pest appears, the bed with radishes must be treated with antibacterial drugs.
• Cabbage fly larvae are a very dangerous enemy of radishes. Therefore, when they appear, it is necessary to immediately begin to fight them. When this pest appears, the bed with the plant is treated with special insecticides or wood ash.
• Radishes can also be affected by diseases such as powdery mildew, blackleg, white and gray mold etc. Powdery mildew appears on radish leaves in the form of a white coating. When the first signs of the disease appear, you must immediately begin to fight it. For this purpose, both chemical and bacterial methods can be used. With the bacterial method of control, special spraying preparations are used. When using a chemical method, the use of fungicides is required. Also, when this disease appears, it is imperative to remove the affected leaves of the plant.
• When a black leg appears on a radish, you must begin to fight it immediately, otherwise it will destroy not only the above-ground part, but also the radish fruits. To do this, it is necessary not to over-moisten the soil during watering, and also to carry out regular loosening. Insecticides can also be used to control the disease. White and gray rot can occur on the tops and tops of radish fruits located above the ground. At the first signs of this disease, it is necessary to remove the affected plants from the garden and also treat them with special preparations.

Growing radishes in open ground is a fairly simple process that involves sowing, caring for and controlling pests and diseases.

More information can be found in the video.

MegaOgorod.com

How to plant radish seeds correctly

It is impossible to feel that spring has finally arrived after a long winter, and the long-awaited summer is approaching more and more inexorably, until radishes appear on the table. Tasty and very healthy, on the table in a salad bowl or even just scattered on a platter, it seems to say with all its appearance - I have come, and wait for summer to follow. But how to plant radishes correctly?

A little about radishes

Crispy, mildly spicy and bright radish tubers are a real storehouse of many mineral salts - magnesium, potassium, calcium, iron, phosphorus, vitamins - C, B5, B2, B1, enzymes and organic acids. And is this why people have such a positive attitude towards the first spring radishes that appear on the table at a time when the body really needs them all? This article will tell you how to plant radish seeds.

There are two types of this plant - annual and biennial. The first consists of European varieties and produces seeds with root crops within one year, while the second consists of Asian winter varieties that produce seeds only in the second year. IN this material rules on how to plant radish seeds of European varieties are discussed.

Radish is an early-ripening, cold-resistant, light- and moisture-loving plant belonging to the class of cruciferous or cabbage plants. Depending on the region of cultivation, it can bear fruit from 2 to 5 times a year. To get a good and repeated harvest, you need to know how and when to plant radishes.

Preparing the soil before planting radishes

Many people really want to know how to properly plant radishes in the spring. It all starts in the fall, when the beds are prepared (raised by 15 cm) and the necessary organic fertilizers- but carefully, without excessive fanaticism - because from an excess of, for example, humus, large “tops” and frail “roots” can grow.

Then, in the spring, after the main snow has melted, mineral fertilizers can be sprinkled on the beds under the radishes. The snow remaining on them, when melting, will enrich the soil with the necessary macro- and microelements. But not potassium ones - excess potassium will make root vegetables weak and cause radishes to go to waste.

The beds are made in a sunny and warm place, and to quickly warm up the soil, it is advisable to cover the beds with black polyethylene for 9-10 days. Before planting the seeds, all that remains is to remove the film and dig up the beds to the depth of a spade. That's it - you can plant radish seeds.

Some features of plant compatibility

When planting radish seeds, it is important to remember that all garden plants obey a certain law of compatibility, violating which you can be left without a harvest. How to plant radishes correctly, taking all this into account?

In this regard, a crop such as radish should be planted next to head lettuce, which will prevent earth fleas from damaging the plant. And if you surround radishes with beans, then their tubers grow large sizes and have a more delicate taste. In general, radishes are friends with potatoes and spinach, as well as onions, garlic, beets and cabbage. But it is not recommended to plant radishes with cucumbers.

Radishes in open ground under film

How to plant radishes under film? When planting seeds in the ground, you must follow the “three match rule.” Seeds are planted at a depth corresponding to the length of the match, the bed from the bed is located at a distance of the match, and the seed from the seed is planted in a row at the length of the match.

The soil for radishes is preferably loose, and after planting the radishes, it is recommended to mulch it - sprinkle river sand, sawdust or peat on top. Considering that there is still snow when planting radishes, you can throw more of it on the rows with planted seeds, but not in too large a layer. The next step is to install a cover over the beds with spandex-type material.

The first shoots appear when the last snow melts. At this moment, it is important to pay attention to the density of the seedlings and, if necessary, thin out the rows or re-sow the seeds. In a warm spring, be sure to ventilate by raising the spandex for a while. The first radishes for the table can be harvested in three weeks, if good spring permits.

Radishes in greenhouses

How to plant radishes in a greenhouse? Getting an earlier date

giving birth to radishes is possible when planting it in a greenhouse. The soil in greenhouses is prepared somewhat differently, because radishes are not the leading crop in them. He, so to speak, joins in with what is already planned to be planted in the greenhouse. Therefore, seeds are planted not on the beds of the greenhouse, but between them, and a week or two earlier than the main crop.

How to plant radish seeds in greenhouses can be read on many websites. Basically, the seeds are planted to a depth of half a centimeter and sprinkled with soil. You should not thicken the seeds, and when very elongated shoots appear, it is advisable to sprinkle them with earth, otherwise you may be left without root crops. Mineral fertilizers should be applied twice - at the very beginning, after planting the seeds, and a week later.

Radishes in greenhouses

In greenhouses, radishes are also planted according to slightly different rules. Since here it is the leading crop - all the others are planted after it - the land is prepared a little differently, and the timing of planting is determined by the weather and the design of the greenhouses. Since radishes love both warmth and sunlight, in greenhouses, suitable conditions can be achieved somewhere after the first ten days of April.

The greenhouse soil must be carefully leveled. If it is too dry, you should water it just before sowing, and when the ground is excessively wet, dig up the soil to the depth of a bayonet and ventilate the greenhouse by opening the frame a little.

What is the best way to plant radishes? To speed up the emergence of seedlings, it is advisable to germinate seeds intended for sowing in a greenhouse. They are soaked for two hours, and then poured in an even layer on cheesecloth in plates, covered with calico and kept warm. As soon as the sprouts begin to hatch, it’s time to plant them in the ground. The optimal temperature in a greenhouse when sowing radishes is from 15 to 20 degrees.

Radishes on the windowsill

If you really want radishes, but don’t have a summer house or garden, then anyone can try growing this plant on their windowsill. Moreover, this can be done without waiting for spring - even in December. It is enough to have a soil mixture, a box where radishes are planted, and knowledge of how to plant radish seeds when growing them at home. Requires excellent lighting and a cool place. This could very well be an indoor window sill. It is worth noting that despite the fact that radishes are a short-day plant, the winter day is still too short, so additional lighting will not hurt radishes.

Radish seeds are planted in boxes to a depth of 1 centimeter, at a distance of 5-7 centimeters from each other, and be sure to roll them down. main feature Growing radishes on a windowsill is a temperature regime that must be observed.

After the first shoots have appeared at room temperature, you need to cool the plant, keeping it at a temperature of about 7⁰ C for about 4 days, and then set it to 17⁰ C in good sunny weather and 15⁰ C in cloudy weather. At night, maintain the temperature at about 13⁰ C. This can be achieved by regulating the flow of cold air using a window.

From fertilizers it is used cow dung in an aqueous solution with the addition of 10 g of potassium salt and 15 g of superphosphate per 10 liters of water. The growth of radish roots occurs within one and a half to three months, so the crop is harvested selectively.

Features of care and pest control

Watering radishes is a necessary thing, so it should be done two to three times a day. But if radishes in open ground receive a lot of moisture - in a rainy spring - they can become overripe - glaze, crack and rot.

The main pest for radishes is cruciferous flea beetle, the fight against which is carried out with “clean” solutions that do not have chemicals. This is done because the radish ripens quickly, and the root crops do not have time to free themselves from it.

This can be infused tobacco dust or ash. This product not only has a protective effect, but is also an additional feed for radishes.

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Radish is a good root vegetable

If we hear “radish,” we immediately remember “Gentlemen of Fortune.” But in this article we will not talk about a “bad person”, but about a tasty and healthy plant that every third gardener has in their dacha. In early spring This is one of the first sources of vitamins, and radishes also have antimicrobial properties.

Radishes belong to the cruciferous family (like cabbage). The most common are its annual (European) varieties, which produce root crops and seeds in the first year of planting. But there is also biennial radish (Chinese varieties), in which root crops appear in the first year after planting, and seeds in the second year. We will consider only the first, one-year option, as the most popular in our area.

The root crops of such radishes can be round, flat-round or have a cylindrical shape. The color can be rich red, pink, white, purple and even yellow.

I confess that I am a fan of round heads and varieties with minimal bitterness. For the most part, I use radishes for preparing salads and for eating fresh; sometimes I add slightly pubescent leaves to salads.

Planting radishes

I sow radish seeds directly into the soil; I can do this all summer long to get a young and tasty harvest. In early spring, radishes are one of the first vegetables to reach our table.

Give the radishes a sunny place, isolated from the winds, with light soils. I have radishes growing on sunny place, but on one side it seems to be covered by a garden. Therefore, a little more than half a day in the radish plot is sunny, and this has a good effect on it; the root vegetables turn out juicy, with tender pulp. In the area where I grow radishes, I have slightly acidic soil, and I have never had any problems with growth. And radishes will definitely grow well on neutral soils. This crop loves light, loose soils (sandy loam).

Radishes are responsive to organic fertilizers in the soil. I plant radishes in a different place every year so that the predecessors of the radishes are vegetables from a different family. It is not recommended to sow radishes after cabbage, horseradish, watercress and other cruciferous vegetables, as microorganisms that can cause diseases characteristic of this family accumulate in the soil.

Preparing the soil for radishes

Before autumn digging, add humus or compost. Usually I dig to a depth of about 30 cm. When spring comes and I dig up the soil again to form small beds to a depth of about 20 cm, I make sure to apply phosphorus-potassium fertilizers.

Sow radishes

I always grow radishes in open ground without seedlings, and several times during the summer. I do the first sowing at the end of March, when the ground is still frozen. I plant the next batch at the end of April or the first week of May. But I can plant it on the 20th of May. If I decide that I also want radishes in the fall, then I sow them at the end of July.

Radishes can germinate already at 5 °C, but this will take an extremely long time. If the temperature increases to 15 °C, then seedlings will appear within a week, and at 23 °C, seedlings may appear already on the 4th day. The optimal temperature for growth is 20 °C.

I make grooves under the radishes with a distance of about 20 cm from each other. At first I sow the radishes thickly, but after germination I break them up so that the root crops do not interfere with each other, at a distance of about 5 cm. I water the furrows when the soil is very dry and plant the seeds to a depth of about 3 cm. If the soil is wet, I do not water it when planting.

Radish care

I water the planted radishes every day during dry summers. If the weather is not very hot, I can reduce the amount of watering to once every 2 days. Moisture is very important for radishes, but if it is supplied unevenly, the roots may crack. With excess moisture, radishes become tasteless and have a watery pulp tissue structure. If there is not enough water, then bitterness, elongation, and hardness of the crust cannot be avoided.

On poor soils for early varieties you can carry out one mineral fertilizing, for late varieties you can carry out two feedings, but no more. My first experience with feeding radishes was unsuccessful because I fed my radishes with large doses of nitrogen fertilizers, this caused enormous growth of foliage and elongation of root crops. At the same time, they were born very small and accumulated a lot of nitrates. Don't repeat my mistakes.

Radish varieties

Radishes, like many vegetables, are divided into varieties that ripen early, mid-season and late.

Radish "Zarya"

This early variety is good for both open and protected ground. It will take 20-30 days from mature shoots to harvesting.

Radish "Early Red"

From full germination to full maturity It will also take about 30 days. The color of the root crop is dark red, the variety is attractive for its resistance to bolting. The pulp is tender, dense, white, very juicy. Good for soil and greenhouse conditions.

French Breakfast Radishes

The cylindrical shape of the fruits of this variety is loved by many gardeners. The color of the fruit is bright scarlet with a white tip. The pulp is tender, juicy, without a bit of heat. This variety ripens in about 23 days. The weight of the fruits themselves is about 20 g.

Radish "Helios"

From germination to harvesting with this variety it will take 30 days. Variety yellow color, a rounded root vegetable with a delicate taste and tender pulp. Based on its ripening period, it can be classified as mid-early.

Radish "Viola"

Mid-early, purple, round, juicy fruits.

Suddenly, bright raspberry pulp is discovered inside the greenish-white fruit, which looks very unusual and beautiful. Radishes are large, 7-8 cm in diameter, the flesh is dense, not very juicy and crunchy, the inside is sweeter than the outside. The richness of flavor decreases as it matures.

Svetlana, Russia

Eh, Vera! Made me long for spring! I always plant red or pink varieties with a white tip - always round. The fruits of this radish give me downright aesthetic pleasure))) But you know, it’s somehow strange, I only want to eat radishes in the spring, although I really like the taste! Somehow we quickly get full of it, so I never sow a lot. And the post is super, as always, the photo makes my mouth water)))++!

Vera, Orel

Light, can you imagine, I love it too until the second half of summer and in winter something pushes towards December, okroshka or turei blows and radishes are in the air)))))

Svetlana, Russia

Who would doubt that our tastes will not coincide this time!))) Yes, and for the New Year we often buy a bag or two of radishes at Magnit. But I don’t really want to buy there, I’m afraid of eating all kinds of pesticides (((

Marina, Nekrasovskoe

It’s the same with me: in the spring I really want radishes until I shiver - I can’t wait for them to ripen, but I’ll be discouraged - and I don’t think I need them anymore. Well, maybe in okroshka. But one day I replaced the radish crops with radish (variety Ladushka) - it looks and tastes like radish, but it doesn’t shoot so quickly. And we happily ate this radish in salads all season long. And among the radish varieties, I like Saksa - its tops are short, and its roots are round, large and strong. This year I sowed a multi-colored mixture (I wanted beauty :)) - only yellow radishes sprouted and grew ((And there were also (according to the photo on the bag) white, and crimson, and lilac...)

Lyudmila Uleyskaya, Yalta

Interestingly, radishes came to Europe thanks to Marco Polo. As a vegetable delicacy, it quickly spread, especially in France, where it remains a national food today. That is why it is still often called French radish. Radishes were brought to Russia by decree of Peter I, who became interested in this root crop while staying in Holland. By order of the king, radishes began to be grown in vegetable gardens planted around Summer Garden. It was on the menu daily royal family. After the death of Peter I, the cultivation of radishes almost ceased and revived a century later.

Alla Lankova, Milkovo

As a child, I really loved the radishes that my grandmother squeezed: long, the size of a large carrot. We peeled it, grated it and seasoned it with sour cream. I don't know the variety. Now, no matter how hard I try, I can’t find the seeds of such radishes. Does anyone know what variety this is?

Marina, Nekrasovskoe

Alla, this description reminds me of the “Ladushka” radish. This is a summer radish, whose root crops are similar in shape to carrots, and in color and taste - like radishes. At one time I grew it instead of radishes, which in the summer and in the heat do not work well. “Ladushka” does not have this drawback, so it can be grown all season without interruption. And then its seeds disappeared somewhere in our stores, and I gradually forgot about it. Thanks for reminding me! We need to look for it in order to sow in the summer

Lyudmila Orlova (Abramova), Ekaterinburg

Alla, maybe it wasn’t a radish, but a daikon? The size is the size of a large carrot, the taste is like a radish, even a little softer, if not overgrown.

Alla Lankova, Milkovo

I think it’s still radishes. Or maybe radish. The skin color is red. Is daikon red?

Alla Lankova, Milkovo

Thank you, Marina, for your answer. I found a description of this radish on the Internet - it’s similar. I think that this year I will sow and remember the taste of childhood)))

Tatiana, Sudislavl

I have been sowing Red Giant radishes for two years in a row; bright red, the pulp is white, juicy, pure radish taste. I sowed it twice a season, the last ones turned out not very red and had a sharper taste, I watered them intermittently. But they were kept in the basement until the New Year. The length of the largest one was 18 cm. I saw seeds in stores this year.

Alla Lankova, Milkovo

Thank you Tatiana. The failure of my search for radish seeds was probably that I bought the seeds mainly in the Sedek online store. Now I know that the seeds of such radishes are on sale, so I’ll definitely find them.

Ramazan Alimgulov

I love radishes very much and grow them all summer. It is not only tasty, but also very healthy. Eat radishes and stay healthy! wp.me/s4vrNX-rediska

Elena Efremova

But I only sow radishes in the spring, not because that’s the only time I want to. I tried to sow both in summer and in autumn. useless! In the summer it shoots immediately, in the fall, if it’s early, it shoots again, if later it doesn’t have time to ripen. Maybe we need to use some other varieties, or maybe because of our too hot and dry summer (Stavropol region, KMV region). We need to try to find the “ladushka” radish. All the same, in the fall you want to gnaw on some okroshka. But it’s scary to buy in stores and even at the market.

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Having fresh juicy radishes on your table when the frost is fierce outside is not only pleasant, but also useful. The small size, red “festive” color of the root vegetable is capable of lifting the mood on a cloudy day and replenishing the body’s reserves of vitamins and minerals. It’s even more pleasant and healthy if a fresh, such an appetizing vegetable can be consumed not occasionally, buying it at a high price at the market, but every day, receiving the required amount of harvest from an ordinary box on the windowsill of your apartment. Someone may have doubts about the possibility and advisability of growing radishes at home. The question is correct and requires clarification.

Is it possible to grow radishes on a windowsill?

If you want, then yes. It takes a minimum of time to get a harvest, the costs are purely symbolic, and caring for it is no more difficult than caring for an ordinary flower in a pot.

In addition, growing radishes on a windowsill does not mean placing boxes everywhere, turning the room into a vegetable greenhouse. It is enough to allocate one room for a month or use an insulated balcony to have fresh vitamins in winter. Although the place for sowing is not as important as compliance with certain conditions for the selection and preparation of planting material, land, and care.

Where does the struggle for the harvest begin?

Selecting seeds for winter planting

Knowing how to grow radishes on a windowsill in winter is important, but even more important is knowing how to sort suitable seeds from unsuitable ones. First we make a visual choice. When purchasing, we look at the appearance of the seeds.

High-quality ones will be: - approximately the same in size; - natural brown color; — without traces of gray plaque; - no musty smell.

In practice, you can only check planting material at home. To do this, fill the seeds with water, let them sit for swelling, and look at the result. For landing we take the swollen ones that have sunk to the bottom. We remove everything that floats - it’s a defect.

An important factor in choosing seeds for home cultivation is the grade of planting material. We need early ripening varieties (ripen in 20-30 days) that do not require special exclusive conditions.

Of the most famous we can use the following:
Soundboard – does not throw out “arrows”;
Dabel and Champion are never hollow;
Zarya, Carmen, Early Red, Quarta - unpretentious to lighting and watering;
The 16 days variety is the leader in terms of harvest time. Two weeks, and it’s served.

Preparing seeds, soil, containers

The process of preparing seeds for winter planting begins at the stage of checking their quality. On the one hand, we cull, and on the other, we increase germination. After all, any grains thrown into the ground slightly sprouted will sprout much better and faster than dry ones.

And further. To ensure the simultaneous germination of all planted radish seeds, preliminary calibration of the grains is required. That is, sorting by size. And it’s a good idea to do preventive maintenance of planting material - keep the seeds in a solution of potassium permanganate. They will germinate better and “sick” less.

Nothing complicated here, now on the ground.

The easiest option is to collect land, say, in a country house or under a house. Something will grow, but we need a healthy harvest, not just a few frail shoots. Therefore, it is better for us to take the “correct” soil for growing radishes on the windowsill. It’s quite possible to buy it, a solution for the lazy, or mix it yourself. The second is more economical, but certain components are required.

Here are some examples of possible soil options for winter growing radishes on a window.

By composition:
Option one - garden soil, humus, sand in equal proportions.
Option two - garden soil (1 bucket), ash (1 glass), half an egg shell.
Option three is a mixture of soil and peat in a 1:1 ratio.

To increase productivity and accelerate the growth of young shoots, we can add a certain amount of mineral mixtures to each of the substrates. Sold in stores, instructions for use for each type of vegetable are included.

The seeds have been selected, the soil has been prepared - it’s time to pick up the container.

Wooden boxes are considered the best containers. The tree breathes, and so does the soil. But this is not a rule, but how best option. It is quite acceptable, as most people do, to use plastic store containers or separate containers. When growing radishes in a common “field,” we make or buy boxes with dimensions the width of the window sill of the room, with a minimum container depth of 14 centimeters.

The next step is to plant the radish seeds in the ground.

The process available to an amateur in practice looks like this:
1. We make holes in the ground if these are single cups, or grooves if these are boxes, to a depth of about 1.5 centimeters.
2. Water the recesses with warm water.
3. Distribute the seeds along the furrow at a distance of approximately 3 centimeters from each other, cover with soil and lightly water again to slightly compact the substrate.
4. Cover the container with glass or polyethylene, which is fine, and wait for germination. For complete germination of radish seeds on the windowsill, we maintain the temperature on the balcony or in the room at 18-20ºС. This is ideal.

3-4 days after the first “joy” (green radish shoots) appears, we remove the shelter and send the sprouted seeds to a place where the air temperature will be at 8ºC. This is for hardening. After standing for 3-4 days, we take it back to comfortable growing conditions.

If we need radishes that are juicy, not hollow, and ripen quickly, we must provide the plant with the necessary amount of light. There will be no full-time lighting; we won’t see anything in the “beds” other than green forcing. The daylight hours are short - add artificial lighting. Using standard incandescent lamps (not cold glow), we can not only provide seedlings with light, but also raise the room temperature by several degrees. Which is important for winter growing root crops on a balcony with low air temperatures.

Even if we choose varieties that are unpretentious to growing conditions, we still need to monitor soil moisture. The harvest, you know, will not be large on dry land. But an excess of water, as well as a lack, will not lead to good. We water the seedlings without additional feeding. Minerals found in clean water and required for growing a full-fledged crop on a windowsill in winter are quite sufficient for this vegetable.

If you really want to have a record harvest, fertilizing is acceptable. The amount of fertilizer is determined by the instructions.

Radish is a crop that does not tolerate heat. When the climate is artificial, let it be moderate. Therefore, if there is a choice regarding the location of the boxes with seedlings, then we choose the balcony. The temperature there is lower than in the room. It is possible not to place boxes with seedlings above heating radiators.

That's all, if we talk about the main components of growing such a simple, but valuable in content, root crop in an artificial microclimate. Now we know how to grow radishes on a windowsill in winter, with a minimum of effort. But it should be noted that this type of harvesting is suitable not only for winter. With absence land plot, we can successfully grow root crops at any time of the year and in unlimited quantities. After all, the conditions for keeping the boxes with the substrate will depend only on us and our desire.

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How to grow radishes on a windowsill

Radish is an annual cold-resistant vegetable crop. Its root vegetables are loved by many for their pleasant, slightly spicy taste. The article Radish is a good root crop tells in detail about sowing this plant and caring for it. And in the middle of winter, it’s especially pleasing that you can grow radishes, like other vegetables, not only on country garden bed, but also on the home windowsill. True, for this you need to take into account its biological characteristics ( high requirements to soil moisture and fertility, light and temperature conditions) and create the necessary conditions.

You can grow radishes not only in your garden bed, but also on your home windowsill.

Temperature

In a home garden, the most difficult thing to ensure is suitable temperature : ordinary indoor radishes are not suitable - the plants stretch out, bend, the root vegetables become flabby and tasteless. Moreover, I would not advise placing containers with crops on the windowsill: warm and dry air from central heating radiators is the worst enemy of radish seedlings. I'm in room conditions It was never possible to get it to form more or less decent root crops suitable for food.

In general, in the conditions that suit this culture, you and I will not be too comfortable. Therefore, if there is a non-residential premises that does not freeze in winter, it is better to move the radishes there. Its seeds germinate at +1. +2° C, but it is advisable to keep them at a temperature of +18 after sowing. +20° C until shoots appear. Seedlings grow well at temperatures from +6 to +8° C; during the period of root crop formation, it can be increased to +12. +16°C on cloudy days and no more than +18°C on sunny days. At night the temperature is reduced to +8. +10° C.

Lighting

If you want to get a harvest of fresh radishes in the first half of winter, you need to take care additional lighting– without this, full-fledged root crops will not form. Use fluorescent lamps, installing them as close to the planting boxes as possible. In natural light, radishes can be sown on the windowsill after January 20, if the windows face south, and from February 10 - on the west or east. Please note: if there is little light for the seedlings and too much heat, then you will not be able to get anything except elongated tops.

I illuminated the crops with the “Z Harvest” phytolamp, but this turned out to be not enough: either the height of the lamp was chosen poorly, or some other reasons were at play, but the shoots stretched out, and I had to frequently add soil.

You can choose equipment for additional lighting of seedlings and “beds” in your home garden in our catalog, which includes offers from various gardening online stores. View a selection of phytolamps and lamps for seedlings.

How to properly grow radishes on a windowsill

Varieties for growing at home

If we are going to grow radishes on the windowsill at home, we need to choose the right variety for this. It is best to take early ripening ones, but the most important thing is not the speed of ripening, but resistance to bolting and lack of reaction to lack of lighting. As a rule, not only those who have no garden at all take up growing vegetables at home, but also those who want to continue the season of vitamins even in winter, but here short daylight hours and central heating. Therefore, it is better to choose radish varieties that grow quickly and do not require ideal conditions.

Perhaps the fastest-ripening radish is the “16 days” variety. The round, bright red roots can be harvested 16–18 days after sowing; later they become tough. It’s very convenient that they don’t rush to bolt and don’t crack, which means they can be grown perfectly at home.

From 18 to 25 days, the varieties “Diego” (a hybrid with root crops up to 5 cm in diameter) and “Dabel” (tolerate drops in temperature well), their root crops do not dry out from the inside and remain crisp for a long time.

20–30 days after germination, radishes of the “Deka” variety are harvested, whose crimson root crops grow more than 3 cm. This variety is also good because it is not in a hurry to bolt even during long daylight hours.

“Champion” is ready for consumption 25–28 days after planting; its roots do not become flabby or hollow.

And the “French Breakfast” variety, in addition to early ripening, is famous for the fact that it does not require hasty harvesting - its pink root vegetables remain crisp for a long time after ripening, and the pink skin remains tender and juicy.

You can choose one or more of these varieties so that radishes on the windowsill at home will bring only pleasure without disappointment.

The subtleties of growing radishes on a windowsill

Growing radishes on a windowsill at home may fail for two reasons: the air temperature is too high and the length of daylight is inappropriate.

Radishes are considered a cold-resistant crop; they can easily survive even slight frosts, but excessive heat forces them to devote all their energy to bolting and flowering, and not to growing root crops.

If there are any at home unheated room, where you can provide an air temperature of 18–20 degrees, then this is where you can grow radishes on the windowsill. The ideal daylight hours should last 10–12 hours. Window sill, near which there is no heating devices– a wonderful place for this culture. If such conditions can be created, then radishes at home will delight the owners all year round. You need to sow it every 2 weeks in small batches, then the crop will constantly ripen and your family will not lack a vitamin-mineral complex with excellent absorption.

In the summer after 6 pm, seedlings need to be protected from the sun with an opaque covering material. And in winter, accordingly, add fluorescent lamps so that the plantings receive at least 10 hours of light every day.

The most common soil that is sold for growing vegetables is suitable. If you have the opportunity and desire, you can prepare it yourself - mix an equal amount of garden soil (preferably black soil), sand and humus (or compost). You can add a little wood ash. Only for use at home, it must be disinfected; this is done by exposure to low or high temperatures– freezing on the street or balcony, heating on a stove or stove. If this is not possible, then you need to water it before sowing. strong solution potassium permanganate.

Any utensils that are usually used for seedlings will do - wooden boxes, plastic glasses, clay pots. The main thing is that the depth is at least 15 cm (preferably even more) and there are drainage holes. It is very convenient to use special cassettes for seedlings: one plant grows in each cell, and a common tray collects excess water. It is important that each plant has its own place with a diameter of at least 5 cm, and if the description of the variety promises large root crops, then even more.

Whatever dish you choose, you need to create a drainage layer of expanded clay or any other suitable material, pour soil on top so that there are a few centimeters left to the top of the dish, and tamp it down. Before sowing, seeds are also disinfected with potassium permanganate and left in warmth and moisture overnight - just wrap them in several layers of wet gauze.

Sowing is done to a depth of 1 cm, then covered with film or glass for several days, periodically moistening with a spray bottle. After the emergence of seedlings, the shelter is removed, and the plants are hardened by lowering the air temperature to +6–8 degrees for several days. When growing radishes on a windowsill at home, not everyone follows this procedure; it is difficult to say exactly how it or its absence affects the harvest.

If vegetables grow at the same temperature, if they are not threatened by frost, as they are outside, then the hardening procedure becomes meaningless.

Radishes on the windowsill should be watered regularly with water at room temperature; you should not over-water them, but you should also not over-dry them. It is advisable to rotate the dishes so that the plants do not stretch in one direction towards the light source.

If the soil is not fertile enough, then a week after germination, and then during the formation of root crops, the plants are fed. A solution of ash is perfect for the first time and mineral fertilizers for the second. But usually there are enough radishes on the windowsill nutrients, which are in properly prepared soil, and cannot be sown a second time in the same soil.

After watering, the soil around the plants needs to be loosened; if there is a dense planting, then thin out; weeds should not be allowed to appear. That's all there is to caring for this crop on the windowsill. The harvest should be harvested in a timely manner so that perfectly grown root crops do not crack or become stiff.

Video “Homemade radishes in winter”

This video is about how you can grow radishes on a windowsill under LED lamps in winter.

Not everyone has the opportunity to grow radishes in a garden or greenhouse due to lack of them, but city dwellers can get them all year round in their apartment.

Radishes, which any indoor gardener can grow on a windowsill, are no less tasty and healthy than growing them in a garden bed. The main thing is to choose suitable varieties that are easy to care for and produce a harvest even in ordinary seedling containers, and provide the seedlings with the necessary care.

Radishes on the windowsill: the best varieties

Radish seeds must be purchased in specialized seed or garden stores - no bazaars or shopping “from grandmothers” if you don’t want to run into fake or weed seeds.

It is better to cultivate early ripening plants on the windowsill. hybrid varieties, ripening in 16-25 days.

The varieties are suitable for producing radishes on the windowsill by growing from seeds

• 18 days. Ripens on 18-20 days in the form of cylindrical reddish fruits weighing 20-25 g with non-bitter, tender pulp that is pleasant to the taste.
• Firstborn. It produces a harvest in 17-19 days from round, dark red radishes with juicy, tender contents, weighing 30–35 g.
• French breakfast. One of the most popular varieties with long red roots with white tips and a mild, pleasant taste. They weigh approximately 45 g and ripen in 23-25 ​​days.
• Heat. A hybrid that produces a harvest of dark red round fruits with whitish or pinkish tasty pulp in an average of 25 days. They weigh 25-28 g. If you want to grow radishes on a windowsill, gardeners often recommend “Heat”.
• Camelot. It ripens in 23 days in the form of flat-rounded bright red fruits weighing about 30 g. The highlight of this radish is that it gives a decent harvest even with a lack of light.
• Duro. Ripens in 23-25 ​​days, the fruits are red, weighing up to 40 g, the flesh is slightly spicy, white-pink, crispy and pleasant to the taste, does not crack.

The “16 days” radish ripens first: 15-16 days pass from the emergence of shoots, and the harvest is ready for harvest.

Many agree that you can grow in a window green onions or dill, but the question of cultivating radishes puzzles them: can root vegetables grow on a windowsill? Of course they can, if you provide them suitable conditions for fruit growth and formation. This method will not require any special costs or difficulties in maintenance.

Preparing soil and radish seeds for growing on a windowsill

This does not mean that you will have to turn your apartment into a radish plantation: growing radishes on a windowsill does not require much space, just a warm balcony or a couple of window sills.

Preparing radish seeds for planting

Before growing radishes on a windowsill, you need to prepare the purchased achenes for sowing:

• We fill the seed material with water and evaluate the result: high-quality seed will fall to the bottom, bad seed, along with debris, will end up at the top.
• We remove the garbage and seeds - pacifiers and take out the good material on a cloth to drain the water.
• We sort through the remaining achenes, discarding those that are too small (they may not sprout) and those with a gray coating (already infected with diseases).

After checking the quality of the seeds and rejecting unsuitable material, we dry the radish seed and sow it. You can soak it in a growth stimulator if you want to get the harvest a few days earlier, or germinate it in a damp cloth - the roots and sprouts will hatch on the third day, and on the fifth day you can plant the plants in the ground.

Preparing the soil for growing radishes from seeds on a windowsill

It is easier to buy ready-made garden soil - universal or for producing tomato seedlings: it is ideal in composition. You can dig up soil in the garden and make a soil mixture according to any of the options:

• 1 part earth and 1 part peat
• Equal parts of soil, sand and humus
• A bucket of soil, a glass of wood ash and crushed shells from 1 egg

Be sure to heat the soil taken from the garden in the oven or steam it in a water bath to get rid of possible pests.

Pour the soil mixture into plastic containers or wooden boxes 15-20 cm deep.

How to grow radishes on a windowsill

Sowing radish seeds in boxes

Having prepared the seed material and containers with soil, we proceed to sowing radishes:

• We cut grooves in the ground no more than one and a half centimeters deep.
• Carefully, so as not to wash them away, pour warm water over them.
• Sow seeds every 3 cm.
• Sprinkle the crops with soil and carefully water them.
• We place the boxes on the balcony or window sills with an air temperature of 18-20 degrees.
• We stretch the polyethylene and wait for the radishes to sprout.

On the third or fourth day the first shoots will appear. Immediately remove the cellophane, keep the radish for three days in a cool place with a temperature of about 8 degrees (for hardening) and place it back.

How to grow radishes on a windowsill

Caring for radishes on the windowsill

To grow high-quality radishes on the windowsill, we provide the plantings with appropriate care.

Lighting

To form good fruits, radishes need full daylight – 10-11 hours. When daylight hours are short, we provide additional lighting using phytolamps with a warm glow: they are bright and warming, which is also beneficial for plants.

We do not allow an excess of light, otherwise the vegetables will stop growing root crops: you will only get lush tops and flower arrows.

Temperature

Radishes need a body, but they don’t like heat: they grow flabby fruits and limp greens. If it is possible to grow it on an insulated balcony, we choose it, since they are usually located under the window sills. heating radiators. They dry out the air and overheat the soil.

Watering

This crop is moisture-loving: we make sure that the soil does not dry out. Watering the radishes plain water room temperature, leaving it to stand if it is chlorinated.

Radishes in boxes do not require fertilizers: additional minerals enter the soil with water. If you want to grow organic crops, especially for children, you should not feed the plants with chemicals; it is better to lightly dust the soil with ash.

Harvest

Root crops grown on a windowsill or balcony are eaten as they ripen. As soon as they ripen, we immediately harvest them, otherwise the vegetables will harden, lose their juiciness and become bitter. Place the radishes in a plastic bag and keep them in the refrigerator.

Don't throw away the tops: radish leaves contain no less vitamins than root vegetables. We use them to prepare cold soups or add them to salads.

There is no need to throw away the soil after harvesting: you can plant radishes in it again, and even without applying fertilizer.

It is now clear that radishes, which are not particularly difficult to grow on a windowsill, can be grown at home all year round. To ensure that it is always present in the diet, we sow the seeds in different boxes every 10 days.

Growing radishes on a glass balcony

Hello, dear guests!

First of all, I want to say that for planting radishes on a glassed-in balcony, it is better to choose varieties that do not shoot.

Here are the varieties: Heat, Novired, 18 days, French breakfast.

It is better to sow radishes in square boxes measuring 60x60 or 50x50 centimeters and 10-12 centimeters high.

Sowing should be done on April 12-15 in the room, and then, after 3-5 days, when shoots appear, take the boxes out onto the glassed-in balcony.

For radishes, a soil mixture consisting of 1 part chernozem and 1 part peat is suitable. To a bucket of this mixture you need to add 1 tablespoon of nitrophoska or nitroammophoska.

The boxes need to be filled with soil mixture and grooves made, 1.5 - 2.0 centimeters deep, at a distance of 10 - 12 centimeters from each other.

If your crops are thickened, then they need to be thinned to 3 centimeters between adjacent shoots.

Radishes should be watered sparingly. You can loosen and hill up the seedlings a little while they are young.

Radish is a cold-resistant plant and loves a lot of light, but still in April the nights can still be very cold and it is better to cover our crops with film and open them on warm days.

The soil must be kept moderately moist at all times, not over-dry or over-moistened.

Overgrown radishes must be removed on time, as overgrown radishes begin to crack.

During the spring you can grow up to 3 crops of radishes on a glassed-in balcony. In this case, the second sowing should be carried out on April 25, and the third before May 10. Later produce growing radishes at home on a glazed balcony it is very difficult, since the temperature for plant development becomes very high and the daylight hours are very long. And radishes are a short-day crop.

Growing radishes at home: how to avoid failures

They decide to sow radish seeds, knowing that this crop is unpretentious, early ripening, and already 20 days after germination they can count on a harvest.

My friend, inspired by the bright prospect of enjoying “her radishes” in early spring, sowed the seeds in pots and placed them on the window.

Radish is a cold-resistant crop; its seeds are sown in the soil as soon as the temperature rises above 5°, and even in winter crops Radishes work great. After 4 days (still the temperature near the window was 18°), shoots appeared and quickly began

Radish varieties and hybrids for central Russia

grow. And that’s when she sounded the alarm: although the bushes were sitting freely, each in their own pot, they were stretched out, did not grow, and withered away. In general, she never got any crispy root vegetables.

The failure is explained by the fact that Radishes require special conditions. Seeds germinate at a temperature of about 20°, and when the seedlings barely hatch, the temperature is reduced to 6–8° for 4–5 days. Only when the bushes get a little stronger do the temperatures rise again to 14–17° during the day. However, the night (for good growth and radish development) should be cool – 8–10°.

It is worth approaching carefully and to the choice of soil. The best soil is the one intended for cucumbers or tomatoes, pH 6–8, containing 140 mg of nitrogen (N), 40 mg of phosphorus (P) and 280 mg of potassium (K) per 1 liter.

Shade-tolerant, productive varieties and hybrids with a compact rosette of leaves, resistant to flowering and forming a large rounded root crop. These requirements are met 16 days, Carmen, Krasa, Ultra early red, F1Dabel, F1Donar, F1 Firstborn, F1 Tarzan and others.

Radishes good lighting required(the indicated varieties and hybrids are no exception). In March, of course, there are more and more sunny days, but this is not enough. On a south-facing window on a sunny afternoon there is enough light, but the temperature is too high for radishes, and the bushes can literally “burn” if they are not protected with a light curtain. In cloudy weather, especially on northern windows, radishes cannot be grown: due to lack of light, the plants stretch out.

IN industrial conditions Radish crops develop well under illumination from 9 to 14 thousand lux, with a daylight duration of 10–12 hours. It cannot be made longer, otherwise you may end up with rows of flowering plants rather than root crops.

In an apartment or house, in order to bring the conditions for growing radishes closer to ideal, you will need a lamp with a reflector for several fluorescent lamps.

A lamp with two fluorescent lamps coped with the lighting of the “bed” with an area of ​​60x50 cm. It was hung at a height of 30 cm from the plants. In addition, we installed a small fan powered by a plug with a USB input. It provided a gentle breeze while consuming minimal electricity, and the crops did not overheat.

True, radishes also have one more requirement, which is difficult to comply with in an apartment with centralized heating: Plants need moderate but constant soil moisture.

Radishes grow in small pots, so with daily morning watering, by evening the lump of earth is already dry as gunpowder. Even if the plants do not die, they will form roots that are bitter, rough, and ugly.

The easiest way to deal with the problem is to pour a layer of sphagnum or sawdust into the tray where these pots stand. Any fibrous, moisture-intensive neutral substrate is suitable, which will save moisture, releasing it as needed, and will not deprive the roots of oxygen.

Feeding will also be required. The first is carried out at the beginning of the formation of the root crop, the second - during the period when the root crops gain weight, using water soluble fertilizers, which contain nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in equal quantities.

For most people, radish is a favorite spring vegetable, without which it is impossible to prepare various salads and dishes. Thanks to the content large quantity vitamins and microelements, consuming this vegetable will bring many benefits to the body. Self-grown radishes will be of great benefit, since they do not contain nitrates.

Video about super way growing radishes:

general information

Radishes are annual or biennial plants and belong to the cruciferous family. Annuals are European varieties, and biennials are Japanese or Chinese.

Description appearance:

• The leaves are simple, petiolate, entire or lyre-shaped, with a pubescence of hard hairs, collected in a rosette;
• Leaf sizes vary from 5 to 20-25 cm, with a wide variety of colors from light green to rich green;
• Taproot type of root system;
• Flowers with a diameter of 1.5 cm, white, pinkish or purple;
• After flowering for 30-35 days, fruit pods are formed from 2.5 to 7.5 cm long, each containing 6-12 round light brown seeds;
• A root vegetable with a diameter of 1.5-10 cm can have an islandy taste due to the mustard oil content, or be juicy without bitterness;
• The root vegetable is round, oval-cylindrical or elongated cone-shaped, like a carrot;
• The root vegetable has a red, pink, yellow, white, purple or green color. There are also specimens with a white tip;
• The pulp is snow-white, white-pink or pink in color;
• The average weight is determined by the variety and varies from 5 to 35 grams, but there are giant root vegetables weighing up to 100 grams.

Tricks and secrets for growing radishes:

When to sow?

It is optimal to sow radishes in the spring, since this is due to biological features culture. Planted no earlier than the end of March. Radish has good frost resistance; the seeds tolerate temperatures down to -5 ºС. Spring planting of radishes allows you to plant others in this area after harvesting. vegetable crops, since it is an excellent precursor for most vegetables (potatoes, cabbage, eggplant). Radishes have a short growing season, and harvesting coincides with the beginning of planting other cultivated plants. Therefore, it is possible to reuse one area twice per season.

The best varieties for home

When choosing a variety, the following conditions are taken into account:

• Boarding time:
• Planting site (open ground or greenhouse);
• Region.

Suitable varieties for spring planting in open ground:

1. "Early Red" It is characterized by early ripening and high yield. Dark red root vegetables have tender flesh. Almost never shoots;
2. "16 days." Belongs to early varieties, the growing season is 16 days. Pink root vegetables with snow-white flesh have a slightly tart taste and are almost resistant to cracking;
3. "Heat". Also an early variety, full ripening occurs in 20 days. Raspberry root vegetables with pinkish flesh have a slightly pungent flavor;
4. "French Breakfast" The ripening period is 23 days. Root vegetables of an elongated shape with white flesh and a delicate taste.

In the regions of Siberia and the Urals, early ripening varieties are grown:

• "Duro";
• "Presto";
• "Poker F1".

REFERENCE: These varieties have increased resistance to low temperatures. Thanks to this, they tolerate short frosts well and are able to grow in unfavorable climatic conditions.

Soil preparation and fertilization

How to prepare the soil:

• Before planting radishes, the soil is plowed and harrowed;
• Small beds are dug up and the soil is treated with a rake to crush large lumps of earth;
• Manure is added to the soil only a year before planting, not earlier. This is due to the poor response of radishes to fresh manure;
• It is recommended to fertilize the soil in the fall with fertilizers containing potassium and phosphorus (superphosphate and potassium nitrate). Feeding must be done strictly following the instructions.

Timing and rate of sowing

When to sow:

• In Siberia. IN Siberian region The crop is planted in the spring in late April. A prerequisite is well-warmed soil;
• In the Urals. In the Ural region, planting is carried out in mid-April, after the snow cover has melted, in completely thawed soil, and in the absence of possible return frosts;
• In central Russia. Planting begins at the end of March, not earlier. The main requirement for planting is the absence of frost and snow cover on the ground.

The timing of the harvest depends on the variety and quality seed material. However, these periods can be adjusted by monitoring the temperature regime of the soil and air. The most comfortable temperature conditions for the growth of radish and its seeds in open ground:

• For seed to germinate, the air and soil temperature must be from +5 to +8 ºС;
• For radishes to grow actively, the air temperature needs to be +14 ºС, the soil temperature from +10 to +12 ºС;
• Rapid growth will be ensured by air temperature +20 ºС, soil temperature from +16 to +18 ºС.

Planting and growing radishes in open ground

Pre-sowing preparation:

• Before planting, the seed material must be sorted. Give preference to large seeds with a diameter of 3 mm, as they will provide good germination and a rich harvest;
• Some gardeners ignore pre-planting seed treatment. However, to improve seed germination, it is worth keeping the seed material for 24 hours in a damp cloth. Keeping the seeds in water (temperature + 45 ºС) for 15 minutes will also ensure early germination.

Basic landing rules:

• Furrows 2 cm deep are made on the planting site;
• Sand and wood ash must be added to the bottom of the furrows;
• An interval of 5 cm is maintained between seeds, the row spacing should be 15 cm;
• The planted seeds are sprinkled with one centimeter of soil. Excessively buried seed material produces root crops with a fibrous structure;
• Planting is carried out manually, using a rake and a hoe as equipment;
• Upon completion of planting, water the beds and mulch to retain moisture in the ground.

Care

IMPORTANT: A lack of moisture in the soil causes radishes to bloom.

How to care:

• Moderate watering is necessary every two days;
• Get rid of weeds in a timely manner. If the plantings are thickened, thin out the crop;
• During long daylight hours, be sure to reduce the period of illumination - after six o'clock in the evening, the beds need to be covered;
• If diseases and pests are present, immediately treat the plantings with insecticides and fungicides;
• It is not recommended to feed it with nitrogen-containing fertilizers;

Radishes have the ability to accumulate nitrates in root crops.

• Fertilize the soil in the fall using potassium nitrate and superphosphate.

By following the rules of agricultural technology, as well as creating favorable growing conditions, you can be guaranteed to get an excellent radish harvest without much difficulty. Growing radishes in the spring will provide a tasty and crunchy vegetable in your diet. Radishes have a pleasant taste and a lot of vitamins.

Radish- a fast-growing vegetable spring time with a high content of vitamins, especially useful for the body after winter.

This cold-resistant crop can withstand frosts down to -2 degrees, but grows best at temperatures of +15 +18 degrees.

Let's take a closer look: how to grow radishes in open ground, caring for radishes from sowing seeds to harvesting.

Radish is a root vegetable with a diameter of 2.5 cm, with thin skin and a sharp taste. The color of the root vegetable can be red, pink, white-pink.

In order to enjoy radishes all summer long, they must be planted in stages throughout the summer, from May to August.

Timing for sowing radishes in open ground

Radishes can be sown in open ground from the end of April to the beginning of May. And in order for the vegetable to be constantly available, it should be sown in parts with an interval of 10-20 days.

It is better not to sow radishes in June, since this month has the longest days and the radishes enter the reproduction stage, forming arrows, without producing root crops. For normal development, radishes need 13 hours of daylight.

Radish seeds germinate at a temperature of +2 degrees.

The best predecessors in the area for growing radishes are cucumbers, tomatoes, potatoes, and beans. It is advisable to change the place for radishes every year.

Sowing radish seeds in the ground

The most important condition for growing radishes is that they should not be planted densely. Therefore, the radish planting pattern should be 5 x 5 cm - between plants and between rows.

To do this, make shallow grooves and lay out radish seeds. Seeds are sown to a depth of 1 cm, sprinkled with soil and watered using a watering can with a diffuser.

Caring for radishes in open ground

Radish shoots appear in 3-4 days.

Basic care for radishes consists of timely watering, loosening row spacing and weeding.

During the first time after emergence of seedlings, the area with radishes need to water frequently, otherwise the root vegetables will be bitter. But do not overdo it; overwatering can cause root crops to crack.

In spring, radishes are watered every day after 17-00 or early in the morning. If it is not hot enough, water once every 2 days. Optimal soil moisture should be up to 80%.

Radish feeding on fertilized soils it is carried out once a season, on poor soils 2 times. Add a small amount of nitrogen so that root crops grow, not tops. For normal development, add 10 g of superphosphate and potassium fertilizers, 10 g ammonium nitrate and 1-1.5 liters of wood ash.

Harvest on time do not keep root vegetables in the ground in the hope of getting a large mass, the root crops may become hollow. Refer to the ripening dates indicated on the packaging for the radish variety.

The radish harvest should be selected selectively as it ripens unevenly.

Video - Tricks for growing radishes

Radish pests and diseases

The main pests of radishes are mole cricket and cruciferous flea beetle. The cruciferous flea beetle is very dangerous at the early stage of plant development and can destroy seedlings in a few days. To repel fleas, use a solution of wood ash - 2 cups per 10 liters of water, add 50 g of soap. Spray the plants with the prepared solution.

You can do it easier and scatter the ash over the radish area.

The following diseases are dangerous for radishes: bacteriosis and blackleg. Choose varieties for planting that are resistant to these diseases.

If you find diseased plants, remove them from the site.

Plants affected by blackleg- the leaves of the plants turn yellow and curl, the bases of the stems turn black - treat 2-3 times with an interval of 7 days with infusion onion peel(20 g of husk is poured into 1 liter of hot water and left for 24 hours).

Popular varieties of radish

Varieties that ripen in 18-20 days– Firstborn, 18 days, Ilka, Saksa, French breakfast, Heat, White Fang.

Mid-season varieties with ripening periods of 30-35 days– Helios, Vera, Quantum, Zlata, Duro.

Late-ripening varieties with a ripening period of 36-40 days– Red Giant, Champion, Ice Icicle, Rumpouch, Dungan.

When it's time for vegetables, radishes are the first to ripen. Rich in vitamins and microelements, pleasant to taste and unpretentious to grow, it has gained popularity among gardeners.
The first harvest can be obtained in the spring, you just need to choose suitable variety, follow the planting rules and regularly water the seedlings.

Optimal timing for planting radishes

Radishes are grown throughout the year. This is a cold-hardy plant that can withstand light frosts. For the seeds to germinate, a temperature of +7–8°C is sufficient, but it is best to wait until the air warms up to +15–18°C. It is necessary to take into account the climatic characteristics of the region and the ripening period of the selected variety.
Radishes can be sown in shelter at the beginning of April, in the southern regions - in March. Choose early ripening crops. They ripen in less than a month after germination. The best time is May. By this time the air is already warm enough, so you can sow the vegetable in open ground. In order to constantly provide themselves with a fresh harvest, additional crops are done every two weeks.
From May, radishes are grown throughout the summer. In June, it is worth covering the plantings, artificially reducing daylight hours. Without this, the vegetable will go to waste and there will be no harvest. As the days begin to wane, radishes continue to be grown without shade. During this period, it is worth giving preference to mid-season varieties. First you need to grow the seedlings, and only then transplant them into the ground or into a greenhouse. Greenhouse radishes are larger and juicier.
In autumn comes the time for late varieties. They are sown from August to mid-September. In November you can plant seeds before winter. The main thing is that the ground is already frozen and they don’t hatch ahead of schedule. Winter radishes emerge in early spring, earlier than any early-ripening variety.
In just one year, you can harvest up to four harvests, and you need to change the planting location each time.

The best varieties for sowing

For different regions different varieties will be the best. Thus, in areas with cold climates, early ripening varieties are preferable. frost-resistant varieties. IN southern regions choose plants that tolerate heat well. The variety of species is great.

Early ripening varieties

Early ripening types of radishes ripen in about 20 days and are slightly susceptible to diseases and pests. Early root crops are round or oval in shape, rarely elongated. About 4 cm in diameter. The most popular varieties:

• 18 days;
• Early red;
• Zarya;
• Heat;
• Ruby;
• Duro;
• French breakfast;
• Zlata;
• Carmen;
• Rondar (F1);
• Children's;
• Firstborn (F1).

Mid-early varieties

Mid-season crops ripen more slowly, are susceptible to attack by pests, but grow larger: round root crops - up to 7 cm in diameter, elongated - up to 15 cm in length. The harvest is harvested a month after planting. The varieties that have proven themselves best are:

• Würzburg 59;
• Alba;
• White Nights;
• Cardinal;
• Sachs RS;
• Helios.

Late varieties

The largest root crops are produced by late radishes. It is intended for summer planting. The first harvest ripens in September. Late varieties well kept. Gardeners appreciate the following varieties:

• Octave;
• Red giant;
• Autumn Giant;
• Red Giant;
• Ice icicle;
• Dungansky 12/8;
• Zenith.

Preparing for work on sowing radishes

If the radish is small, loose, fibrous and, in addition, unpleasantly bitter, it means that it was not grown correctly. To get juicy and crispy fruits, you need to choose high-quality seeds, properly prepare the material for planting and properly cultivate the soil.

Selection and preparation of seeds for planting

It is better to purchase seeds in a specialized store. After purchase, the largest ones are selected, from which powerful plants will grow. So that the seedlings hatch earlier, the seeds are soaked. To do this, they are wrapped in damp cloth or gauze and placed in a warm place until germination, making sure that they do not dry out.
Radishes can be sown without pre-soaking. If desired, you can treat the seed with a solution of potassium permanganate (for disinfection) and growth stimulants. Some gardeners advise 20 minutes before sowing. keep seeds in hot water to prevent dry rot.
To clearly see the seeds on the ground, markings are carried out. For 5 min. they are immersed in a one percent iodine solution, then rolled in lime or sprinkled with chalk. White color is clearly visible in the garden bed, making it easier to maintain intervals when sowing.

Soil preparation

Radishes love warm, well-lit places. It is advisable that the site be protected from the wind. The optimal length of daylight hours is 8–10 hours. With less sunlight, the roots become smaller, and with more sunlight they begin to bloom.
They begin to prepare the bed in the fall: the area is cleared of weeds and plant debris, dug up, and fertilized with organic matter. In the spring, the bed is dug up again and the soil is enriched with mineral fertilizers. Application fresh manure not required. It will reduce the quality of the harvest.

You cannot grow a vegetable in one bed for more than three years. Good harvests will be brought by sowing in places where legumes, tomatoes, potatoes, peppers, and cucumbers previously grew. Cruciferous plants such as daikon, horseradish, turnips, radishes, cabbage, white mustard, turnips are not suitable as precursors for radishes. They belong to the same family, and therefore are susceptible to the same diseases and pests.
The soil is suitable with weak or neutral acidity. It should be soft and retain moisture well. Loams are ideal. Radish grows well on sandy loam soils and peat bogs. Poor sandy or clay soil will give a bad harvest. The soil for radishes must be thoroughly loosened and fertilized. Potassium and ash are suitable as fertilizers. Excess feeding should be avoided; it will lead to a deterioration in the taste and appearance of the root crop.

Correct technology for planting radishes

You can plant radishes different methods. The choice depends on the time of planting and the type of site. The classic method of planting radishes is used in the spring. To do this, furrows about five centimeters deep are marked on the prepared beds. Leave 10–15 cm of free space between the furrows. They shed well. Sometimes the bottom is sprinkled with ash.
The seeds are laid out one at a time, at a distance of 3–5 cm from each other. Seal to a shallow depth. On loam it will be 1.5–2 cm, in sandy loam soil - 2–2.5 cm. In a greenhouse, it is enough to deepen the seeds 1 cm.
After sowing, the soil is lightly compacted with the palm of your hand. The top is mulched with humus. After about 4 days, if the weather is good, shoots will appear. Before germination, you can cover the beds with film.
Some gardeners simply scatter planting material along the garden bed. This method is simpler, but further plants careful thinning will be required. You can also use ribbons. They are sold ready-made, but you can make them by hand. For this they take toilet paper and paste and glue the seeds evenly, in rows. The tape is then cut and dried. When the time comes for sowing, the ribbons are laid out on watered beds and sprinkled with a little earth.

To save space when landing, use a marker. It is a square plate on which five short teeth are attached. The marker is placed on the ground, pressing down with your foot. Seeds are thrown into the resulting holes. This method allows you to get an impressive harvest per square meter.
A similar method is sowing in egg trays. Radishes grow in them evenly and neatly. In addition, you can forget about thinning. You need to first cut the bottom of the cells, then dig them in shallowly with the holes down. After that, sow.
Late sowings have their own characteristics. Furrows for winter radishes are prepared in October. The site is selected so that it does not flood in the spring and is inclined to the south. Heavy soils are not suitable; light sandstones must be chosen. Sowing takes place in early to mid-November. It's best to wait for frost.
If the bed is covered with snow, it is removed. The seeds are not soaked or watered to prevent premature germination. The top is covered with earth and a two-centimeter layer of peat or humus. Leave until spring.

Secrets of growing radishes in open ground, thinning and fertilizing

Get good harvest in open ground it is possible using several useful tips on cultivation. For example, you can sow spring or winter radishes under trees. It will ripen before the leaves come out. And to obtain friendly, uniform shoots, the seeds can be pre-calibrated using a large sieve or colander. If the planting rules are followed and the site is chosen correctly, all that remains is to care for the seedlings.
Radishes have a high germination rate. When planting using the standard method, thinning will be required. It is carried out 5–6 days after germination. Weak plants are weeded out first. As a result, there should be a distance of 4–5 centimeters between the vegetables. When thinning, you can damage the root system of neighboring plants, so it is best to sow them immediately at the required interval.
Care must be taken to ensure that the plants are not too shaded. With a lack of light, the tops will stretch out, but the roots will not develop.

Radishes rarely need to be fed. Once is enough, but if the soil is very depleted, then fertilizing is carried out twice or more. For better absorption of fertilizers, mulching is carried out.
Young shoots require potassium supplementation. You can use a mixture: compost, humus, 10 g of potassium fertilizer, 10 g of superphosphate, 1.5 liters of ash and 10 g of saltpeter.
If the root crops are small, use a potassium-phosphorus or sulfur mixture: 100 g of ash, 40 g of superphosphate and 20 g of potassium sulfate per bucket of water. If the foliage is pale, nitrogen fertilizers are required: a teaspoon of urea per bucket of water. It is important to avoid overdosing on nitrogen.

Vegetable care and watering regime

Caring for radishes is easy. Like other plants, it needs to be watered, loosened, thinned and fed. The main thing in caring for radishes is maintaining soil moisture.

Watering

Radishes need to be watered abundantly and regularly. He loves moisture very much. When it rains, you don’t have to water the plants, but when it’s hot, watering is done twice: in the morning and in the evening. With a lack or uneven distribution of water, root vegetables become small, wrinkled, crack and acquire a bitter taste. During a dry period, a dehydrated plant may bloom. Excessive hydration should also be avoided. It leads to watery and hollow roots.

Loosening

After watering, the bed must be carefully loosened without damaging the roots so that the soil does not become crusty, air circulates normally, and excess water can evaporate. Stagnant moisture is harmful to crops. It leads to diseases.
Loosening can be combined with weeding. To make weeds germinate more slowly, the seedlings are mulched with sawdust or grass. In addition, mulch will prevent moisture from evaporating too quickly.

Pests and their control

Diseases and pests in radishes are rare. This plant matures too quickly to cause serious damage. Still, you should be aware of possible threats to the crop and ways to combat them.
The main enemy of radishes is the cruciferous flea beetle. This is a small, shiny, dark-colored insect. Poses a danger to young seedlings. Control measures: tobacco dust, a solution of ash with laundry soap (2 glasses of water and 50 g of soap per 10 liters of water). It is better not to use chemicals, as harmful substances will accumulate in root vegetables.
White caterpillars. They eat leaves, which can lead to the death of the plant. Control measures: chemicals (which, as mentioned above, will affect the quality and safety of the crop), manual collection of caterpillars and prevention. If you arrange a radish bed between onion or garlic plants, their pungent smell will repel many pests.
Wireworms, or nematodes, are also not averse to feasting on defenseless radishes. Control measures: Fitoverm. This chemical is not harmful to humans.
A danger noticed in time is easier to prevent. The earlier the pest is detected, the greater the chance of saving the crop.

Harvesting

The harvest is harvested as it ripens. When ready to eat, the root vegetable rises slightly above the ground, and its reddish flesh is easy to notice in the garden bed. The ripe vegetable is carefully removed, the tops and roots are cut off. The rest of the radishes are left to ripen.
You should not forget the root crop in the garden for a long time: it will not grow larger, it will only lose its taste, become tough and hollow. However, an overripe vegetable is useful for obtaining seeds.
Thus, radishes are an easy crop to grow and care for, which is suitable for beginning gardeners. If you follow simple rules, the plant will soon produce a bountiful, tasty and healthy harvest.