Coloring plaster - creating new shades. What varnish to coat plaster with and how to paint it correctly? Painting plaster figures

Gypsum is a material of mineral origin. It is used in medicine and art, and in the construction industry. Beautiful details are poured from gypsum solutions to help decorate the interior. Gypsum mixtures can act as plaster. But how can you paint the base itself? of this material when does the need arise? Plaster varnish is one of the possible options.

Building gypsum is obtained from a special type of stone, which itself consists of gypsum particles. Previously, the material undergoes procedures such as burning and grinding into powder form. Next, the base is simply kneaded until a homogeneous mass is obtained. It is better known as alabaster.

The scope of application of gypsum is really wide:

• construction and repair work using paint;
• production of decorative products, for example, figurines;
• as a binding material at an intermediate stage.

For modeling and stucco molding, compositions with a gypsum base are often used. They are indispensable in the production of small architectural forms, pouring decorative tiles, brick. Iron oxide pigments also participate in the process.

The mixture itself quickly hardens and begins to set. To have time to implement all your ideas, you need to work very quickly. White tint is standard for working substances in this case.

Preparing and using coloring material for the garden and other places should not cause much trouble. Among other advantages - affordable prices, wide scope for use. TO positive aspects also include environmental safety. The material “breathes”, as if it itself maintains a stable temperature level, which benefits the gypsum.

At interior decoration many people prefer to use gypsum compounds. They allow you to create real masterpieces that will look good in any interior. For example, in the version of gypsum tiles.

The material is endowed with other additional properties:

• resistance to open fire;
• low weight, lightness;
• simple installation, processing;
• The technology for painting plaster is also simple.

But gypsum bases can manifest themselves in different ways while they are in active use. For example, alibaster itself is afraid of exposure to moisture in large quantities. In general, any powder with this material can be easily dissolved if the surface is poured with at least a small amount of water. The buyer decides how to paint the plaster.

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Making plaster stronger

Gypsum itself is a material that has sufficient strength, but it will never be superfluous to strengthen and improve this property. Adding appropriate effects is permissible at any stage - both when mixing the solution and after the product is ready. Enough to cover everything the right composition

. For plaster figures, the same procedure applies. The first case involves using only lime and PVA construction adhesive in small quantities. inkstone or zinc sulfate will be needed for coloring finished products

, cast from plaster. Reducing the proportion of moisture in the solution itself is the simplest solution for those who want to make the plaster stronger.

7 parts water to 10 parts gypsum are standard proportions that are used in all cases. To create a stronger connection, you need to take a ratio of 6:10. The plaster surface can be painted in any color.

But there shouldn't be too much water. Otherwise it will only turn out crumbly. Adding PVA glue to the composition eliminates additional risks. The acrylic variety of compositions sometimes cannot do without them either.

For an average batch, a couple of tablespoons of thinner are enough to increase the structure’s strength. Individual particles of gypsum are easily glued together with the appropriate material. A mixture of gypsum and slaked lime also shows good results. In this case, one share of calcium hydroxide will be enough to obtain the desired effect.

• For finished products, slightly different components are suitable:
• inkstone;

solution of zinc sulfate salt.

They cover many parts.

When exposed to zinc salt, there is no need to worry about the color of the product changing. Only vitriol can give the surface a yellow-brown tint, no matter how you decide to paint the plaster in a given situation.

What varnish should I use? Varnish is used if it is necessary to improve not only appearance

• gypsum products, but also its performance characteristics.
• The following types of varnish are ideal for varnishing such a surface:
• shellac;

acrylic;

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Shellac

This type of varnish is more often used in decoupage and finishing works. For example, they are used to cover gilding and are used in furniture restoration. Shellac varnish also provides a fine, natural polish. The material itself is a solution of shellac and alcohol, maybe different shades to give a decorative appearance to products. Also suitable for coating gypsum surfaces.

Acrylic

To protect plaster or a product made from it from moisture and other negative factors, use acrylic-based varnish. This composition, in addition to its main functions, also performs decorative functions. They can not only be varnished, but also painted. Also, these types of compositions can be matte and glossy. The choice of coverage depends only on your personal preferences. Matte varnish is perfect for processing gypsum tiles, so the imitation of rough stone will be preserved down to the smallest detail, but a glossy coating will add shine to the surface.

In the video: using acrylic varnish.

Oil

These types of varnishes contain artificial resins and vegetable herbs. When added, such components give an oily consistency. Due to its texture, oil varnish creates a thin film on the gypsum surface, which, in turn, after complete drying, can protect the material from various mechanical influences and destructive processes.

What else can you cover?

When the plaster product is ready, it is not recommended to delay painting. After all, over time, such a base loses its ability to absorb other substances. For example, adhesion between the treated surface and plaster varnish becomes worse.

Before painting the plaster, it needs to be prepared. It is good if it is possible to carry out additional heat treatment. To do this, structures are sometimes heated at a temperature of 250-500 degrees for several hours. The indicator reaches the upper mark gradually.

Paint for plaster can be water- or acrylic-based. On sale are both products intended for painting finished products, and options such as tinting pastes - they are added directly to the gypsum solution before the product is made from it.

But this process is impossible without using special equipment. Therefore, most often they get by with regular drying, which takes 2-3 days, even if color is used.

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Hot drying oil is used if the owners have already noticed that the surface has lost its ability to absorb. After this, the product is dried in a room while maintaining room temperature. In this case, you can refuse to paint the figure; over time, the surface itself acquires an interesting appearance.

Varnishes containing wax are also used to obtain unusual decorative effects. The latter may vary depending on the use of different gypsum pigments.

In general, the ability to absorb moisture is one of the positive aspects of gypsum. However, the intensity of this process may vary. Thanks to this, veins are formed on the surface, making the texture similar to natural stone. Painting gypsum products is not difficult. You can even do without plaster.

Tinting paste along with water and a brush is all that is needed for the actual painting. How to paint plaster: a color of one or several shades is diluted in water or white paint, mixed and coated with the product.

An acrylic primer or a corresponding type of paint can be combined with water. It is added in an amount of 30-50 percent of the total volume of other substances. Once the first layer is ready, you can use darker shades to go over the rest of the surface. Or use an option where the dye is contained in a concentrated form.

When processing, you can use not only brushes, but also sprayers. Even those that remain from cleaning chemicals or other types of paint.

Painting plaster at home is not such a difficult process. And there will be many advantages. For example, such work is easy to carry out at any convenient time, and the effect is exactly what the buyer needs. He can process every tile and every detail, only based on his personal preferences.

What paint to paint plaster figures (1 video)

Plaster in the interior (25 photos)

Painting artificial stone made of gypsum is an excellent opportunity to obtain a finishing material that will meet individual decorative wishes. In addition, the layer will protect the facing products and increase their durability. With some effort, all the work can be done independently using available tools.

Painting the material at home is usually necessary when purchasing unprocessed products or making products yourself. In the second option, it is better to provide for painting the gypsum mass. This will allow for surface painting only to highlight the desired areas.

If at self-production take care of the color of the stone in advance by adding color to the gypsum mass, then less effort and time will be spent on the entire coloring process

Painting plaster in general is not very easy; it requires care and a lot of time. In addition, the result when choosing a certain color it doesn't always turn out as desired. Therefore, it is recommended to test all formulations in advance.

Can be used for face covering different kinds dyes that give parts the desired shade.

Acrylic paint

The water-based solution is quite popular; it allows you to decorate and protect the surface. This material has a number of properties necessary for artificial stone made from a gypsum mixture:

• Elasticity. Cladding elements are subject to thermal expansion, which can lead to the formation of surface cracks. Due to a little elasticity, this problem will be eliminated.
• Vapor permeability. This parameter is very important for plaster, especially inside the house. The fact is that this material helps create a microclimate in the room by absorbing and releasing moisture.
• Resistance to various types of influences. Of course, paint will not protect parts from strong mechanical influence, but will protect you from ultraviolet radiation and excess water.

Painting with acrylic paint will add additional protective properties to artificial stone, which is especially important in rooms with temperature changes and high humidity.

If you want to obtain high moisture resistance, purchase a mixture with the addition of silicone. Distinctive feature acrylic compositions is that they easily change their color; for this, tint is used.

Vitriol

Iron and copper sulfate used as impregnation. The main purpose of these mixtures is to enhance the strength of parts, but there are also by-effect– coloring. The iron variety gives the stone a yellow tint, and the copper variety gives it a blue tint.

The dry composition is diluted with water in suitable container, the elements are immersed in the solution for two hours. The main thing is to place the fragments so that they do not touch each other, otherwise stand-out areas will appear.

stain

For gypsum, compositions are mainly used that are also suitable for concrete artificial stones. They are monochromatic mixtures. There is a rich palette of shades, but if necessary, staining is done with wood stain.

There is also an acid stain. It should be handled with great care. Much depends on the composition, so it is recommended to test the mixture on one product.

Other types of solutions

Painting can be carried out in other varieties that color the surface of the stone:

• Any options intended for gypsum.
• Varnish of various modifications.
• Impregnations. Many of them not only improve product quality, but also affect appearance. For example, a penetrating mixture with a wet effect adds shine to the surface and creates the illusion of moisture.
• Self-prepared compositions. Main - correct selection components.

On a note! Currently, special paints have appeared on sale that create the appearance natural stone. The cost of such materials is high, but the result is impressive.

Coloring rules

Coating of products with coloring compounds is carried out according to certain rules:

1. The parts must be well dried according to the manufacturing technology.
2. After purchase, the elements must be aged at home. It takes at least 1–2 days for the stone to reach a balance of temperature and humidity.
3. If previously treated products are painted, they are pre-polished. This is very difficult to do, especially when the products are already on the walls.
4. Impregnations are used according to the recommendations that each manufacturer indicates on the label. Some are applied before painting, others after. Some options are not compatible with coloring compounds.

You should know! There is often advice about using varnish to make the coating shine, but this is not always appropriate. This effect can weaken the feeling of naturalness.

How to paint decorative stone?

The technology assumes that the work will be carried out in stages. The exact procedure allows you to carry out painting without any problems.

Tool selection

The required tool depends on what products need decorative coating. If you paint new parts, the list will be smaller than when working with elements that have old layer. Also in the second case it is very difficult to achieve a high-quality result.

The following set of devices is being prepared:

• Spray gun.

• An alternative could be an airbrush. Brushes and sponge.
• Grinding tools. It could be sandpaper or a sander.
• Vacuum cleaner. To remove dust and dirt.

The necessary impregnations and paint (or its components) are also purchased.

Preparing the stone

Preparing the products is not difficult:

All fragments are inspected: defective or improperly shaped ones are not used.

Coating

Painting decorative stone perform different ways, But general recommendations are:

• For uniform coloring, all fragments are processed individually.
• If work is carried out according to finished surface, then options are immediately thought through that will avoid homogeneity. The most common method is to use relief and cover in two tones. That is, a darker layer is laid first, then the protruding texture is lightly sanded. If necessary, a lighter color is quickly applied after this.
• For painting, it is preferable to use a spray gun; certain lines are highlighted with an airbrush. This will allow the process to be completed much faster. Painting stones with a pronounced relief (which is typical for gypsum products) with a brush is not only tedious, but also does not guarantee a high-quality result.
• An excellent option is to completely immerse the parts in the composition. In this case, the duration depends solely on the individual characteristics of the mixture.

Important! To obtain the desired effect, a trial coloring is carried out to select the shade and application technology.

Unusual coloring of a plaster product

There are ways to paint plaster with your own hands that allow you to achieve interesting looking surfaces, including aging.

Under old marble

Process algorithm:

1. When making it yourself, the stone is thoroughly dried, the temperature should not exceed 55 degrees per day. last stage drying. The purchased product is aged for 48 hours in a warm room.
2. Next, heat the drying oil. You must be careful and wear gloves when working.
3. A flute brush is used for application. The surface is impregnated in two layers, all areas are treated with special care to avoid gaps.
4. Over time, the elements will take on a look reminiscent of old marble.

In addition, such impregnation reduces the hygroscopicity of gypsum.

Under terracotta

The technology is almost identical to the previous version, but the coating composition is shellac varnish and rosin, which are diluted in industrial alcohol.

After a certain period of time after applying the composition, the surface becomes similar to terracotta.

A mixture of shellac varnish and rosin produces brown plaster.

Creating a bronze sheen

The technology requires the availability of the necessary ingredients and the following steps:

1. Plaster figures are well soaked in drying oil and laid to dry for 8–10 hours.
2. Bronze powder is prepared, diluted in varnish. Products are treated with this composition in two layers.
3. The material dries well.
4. A mixture of silver nitrate is prepared, acetic acid and water. Proportions: 10 g silver, 100 g vinegar and 300 g clean water. If required, pigment is added.
5. The product is coated with a thin layer of bronze powder and treated with a solution on top. Oxidation occurs.
6. The surface is wiped well with a piece of velvet.

On a note! If it is necessary to enhance the effect, then the gypsum is additionally treated with a solution of wax in turpentine until the material stops absorbing the mixture. This coating can be washed.

Using stain

Stain is used quite often. It can be applied well with a spray gun, but the best results are obtained when completely immersed. To do this, the composition is slightly heated, the parts are dipped for a short time (5 to 10 seconds) and immediately sent to dry. If required, the fragments are pre-wiped.

Painting of decorative gypsum stone is carried out not only if its color does not quite match the interior elements, but also when, over time, defects appear on the material that worsen its appearance. Thanks to protective properties The paint and varnish coatings used can provide the tiles with resistance to erosion and give the finish an attractive appearance.

For painting artificial gypsum stone, acrylic, silicate and silicone are used. paints and varnishes(LMB). Most often they are made on water based. To paint products intended for finishing external walls, paint and varnish materials that are resistant to external influences are used. Gypsum tiles can be painted in bulk, that is, the coloring pigment is added to the solution before pouring the molds. The entire product receives the main shade. This method is used when installing in places where it is possible mechanical damage coverings.

For surface color application, acrylic paint for plaster is most often used. Ready-made solutions can be purchased at the store or made independently using colored pigments. Concomitant use these methods allows you to get the effect natural materials used for finishing.

In order for the paint to better adhere to the surface, it is treated with penetrating primers, and to protect the material from fungi and moisture, gypsum products are impregnated with water-repellent agents. Their use reduces water absorption by 20-25 times. These solutions are applied after varnishing or painting the tiles.

Silicate and silicone paints mostly used for outdoor work. The binder is liquid glass and silicone resins. The service life of such coating is about 20 years.

To create a matte or glossy surface of the material, water-soluble varnishes are used. In addition, they protect the surface gypsum stone from abrasion during operation. To create a durable coating, the varnish is applied in several layers. It should be remembered that after such treatment the main color of the gypsum product darkens.

Advantages and disadvantages of self-coating

Painting a decorative plaster stone with your own hands is not difficult. The main advantage of such work is the choice of colors and materials. The paint for decorative stone should be in harmony with the interior elements. Gypsum products can be painted to resemble stone or imitate brick and wood. The tile can have several colors with a smooth transition from one to another.

Water-based tinted varnishes are used for painting indoors. For this, paint coatings for plaster and stone are suitable, and if not available, colorless paints for wood. You can first assemble the drawing on a horizontal plane and, if necessary, correct defects.

Brushes of various sizes and shapes are used for the work. Cannot be used for application decorative paint rollers or paint brushes(maclovitsa), because the consumption of paintwork materials increases greatly, and smudges remain on the tiles. A spray bottle with a compressor is well suited for the job. Using such a tool reduces paint consumption and allows you to cover the tiles with an even, thin layer of paint.

To darken relief areas of gypsum stone and eliminate defects, use a brush or airbrush. The latter can be used to shade the main color and make smooth transitions between tones. However, not everyone has these electric tools, and for large areas this work takes a lot of time. At the same time, quality always suffers, which is a disadvantage of painting yourself.

DIY painting method

There are several ways to add color to gypsum stone. The most commonly used method is hand painting with a brush. Each tile is painted with a base color, and then a few pieces stand out more. dark shade. When applying paint, care must be taken to ensure that no smudges form and that no unpainted fragments remain. This method is labor-intensive and time-consuming, so it is used for painting a small amount of tiles and eliminating defects.

The use of electrical and pneumatic tools. Painting gypsum products with a spray gun is popular among professional craftsmen. To do this, the tiles are laid on a horizontal surface measuring 1x1 m and the base layer is applied with a spray. The technology for applying shades is simple: after the tiles have dried, a layer of paint of a darker color is applied to individual areas using an airbrush or spray gun with a fine nozzle.

Some experts believe that it is best to paint tiles laid on the wall. This makes it possible to place darker pebbles over the entire treated surface. Paint applied to plaster dries quickly, which helps to immediately identify and eliminate defects. After this, the tiles are varnished. With this surface treatment, the care of the product is simplified, since you can wipe the gypsum stone with a damp cloth without fear of smearing the paint.

Mixing pigments to create color

Painting of plaster can be carried out both during the manufacture of the product and after. In the first case, the pigment is added to the mixture or directly into the mold, and in the second - into the paint. It is difficult to select the same color of gypsum mixture in large volumes. Therefore, this method is used for the individual production of small quantities of tiles.

It is easier to prepare paint using dry pigment or liquid color. It is not recommended to mix several colors to obtain the desired shade, because when mixed with paint, colored stains may appear. With a large volume of work, it is simply impossible to obtain the same color.

If dry dye is used, it must first be dissolved in water and then added to the paint. To prepare the background and shading mixtures, different containers are used. If the tiles are painted to look like brick, the shading color is most often made lighter than the base color. Before applying the next layer, each time it is checked whether the previous one has dried. It must be remembered that after the product dries, its color becomes lighter.

Such mineral material, like gypsum, is widely used not only in medicine and art, but also in construction. In particular, pour from a gypsum solution various materials for interior decoration. Gypsum-based mixtures are used as plaster. What kind of material is this? What are its features, advantages and disadvantages? Is it also possible to color gypsum products and how to paint plaster?

Decoration Materials for interior finishing plaster

Gypsum in construction and repair

Construction gypsum is obtained from gypsum stone, previously burned and ground into powder. Next, it is kneaded until a paste-like mass is obtained, better known as alabaster. It is widely used for construction and repair work, manufacturing various decorative items, and also as binding materials at intermediate stages of construction and repair work.

It is gypsum mortar that is most often used for modeling and stucco molding, the production of small architectural forms, pouring decorative tiles or artificial decorative stone (brick).

The mixture sets and hardens quite quickly. Therefore, you need to be able to work with him in order to achieve your plans. The working substance has white shade colors.

The material is quite easy to prepare and use, affordable and has a wide range of applications. Another advantage - environmental Safety(as it is made from natural raw materials). It is able to “breathe” by maintaining a certain level of humidity.

The use of gypsum materials in interior decoration is very, very popular. With its help you can create real interior masterpieces.

The use of decorative gypsum bricks for internal lining

It is worth mentioning the following properties of the material:

• ease of installation and processing;
• ease;
• non-flammability.

However, in operation the gypsum base shows itself differently. Alabaster, unfortunately, is afraid of water (since gypsum powder is dissolved by water), and is subject to abrasion and mechanical stress.

To increase the strength of gypsum materials, manufacturers use various reinforcing additives (plasticizers, acrylic, polyvinyl acetate glue).

So it's on sale today building gypsum several brands, differing in the degree of compression. The most high brands used in production decorative elements even facade (exterior) decoration of buildings.

Application:

• plastering walls and ceilings in rooms of varying functionality, where humidity does not exceed 60%;
• arrangement of all kinds of partitions;
• production of stucco interior decor;
• production of dry sheet gypsum, plasterboard and others building materials and gypsum-based solutions;
• production of all kinds of architectural and facing products (including bricks);
• souvenirs and interior items (figurines, flower pots, columns, stands, etc.).

Plaster painting

If desired, gypsum materials can be given a completely unimaginable look, including imitating naturalness (for example, wood). Here are used various technologies toning, coloring, “aging”.

Marble tinting. A well-dried gypsum product is impregnated with heated drying oil or shellac-rosin alcohol solution. The impregnation adheres well, without streaks, creating protection against moisture. Gradually the dried primed surface becomes similar to aged marble.

Thanks to tinting, plaster decor easily imitates marble

Wax tinting. An impregnation is used, consisting of wax dissolved in turpentine (gasoline) with a slight addition of yellow oil paint. After the impregnation dries, the surface is rubbed until glossy.

Tinting in style Ivory. A soap maker, nitro varnish and a little yellow oil paint are used. The surface is given a matte finish by rubbing with talcum powder.

Patination. Various shades of brown or brown-green are selected and mixed with other substances. It is recommended to paint in three layers, and in the recesses the treatment is usually carried out with a mixture of a more viscous consistency. The technology of applying the dye is also important here:

• the first layer is lighter, after which it is lightly sanded and wiped with acetone;
• the second layer – the coloring mixture is darker and thicker;
• third layer - to give it a matte finish, a little wax is dissolved in the paint.

The following additives will help to shade or enhance the imitation: bronze powder, talc and chromium oxide, graphite powder, sienna, ocher, umber, soot, green cobalt, lead or. These are all semi-professional methods of painting gypsum-based materials. Traditional plaster paints are available for sale.

The most commonly used coloring mixtures for interior work– acrylic aqueous emulsions or dispersions. Once dry they create a durable protective film, protecting the base from moisture. Besides, everything water paints environmentally friendly, which means they can be used inside any premises, including residential ones.

During production decorative brick or gypsum-based stone, tint the working solution. For this, various powder pigments are used. Tinting the solution makes it possible to obtain finished bricks, evenly painted throughout the entire structure (then operational defects will be less noticeable).

To create an imitation of texture (veins), paints of several shades of color are used. And a finishing varnish coating will help increase the protection of the surface of gypsum brick or stone (after all, gypsum is quite fragile by nature).

Experts advise not to delay painting gypsum finishing elements, as the adhesive properties of the materials deteriorate over time.

If this happens, then it’s a good idea to use a primer and only then paint. The primer will also increase the strength of the gypsum base and create some protection against moisture penetration.