Manchurian linden. Grow linden from seeds at home

Linden is an amazingly beautiful tree that amazes with its healing properties and delights the sense of smell with a luxurious sweet aroma. It is impossible not to recognize her cute yellow flowers, reminiscent of dragonfly wings. The tree has long been known for its valuable qualities, for which it has been respected and valued for centuries. A linden tree can live for a very long time if it is planted correctly, and for this you need to have an idea of ​​how the tree reproduces (by shoots, cuttings, layering) in autumn and spring. More on this later.

Linden is a long-liver: in terms of its lifespan it can surpass most trees known to us. So, on average, a linden tree can live about 500 years. It begins to bloom quite late: only in the 20th year of its life (if it grew up in natural conditions). Under artificial conditions, linden produces its first flowers only at the age of 30.

Linden is known to everyone for its honey-bearing properties: from the nectar of one single tree you can get about 16 kg of high-quality, aromatic, surprisingly healthy honey per season.

Linden blossom is actively used in folk medicine: It is dried and stored for several years in small bags made of cloth or paper.

Fragrant linden tea can become not only a pleasant-tasting drink, but also a valuable source of glucose, carotene and other substances beneficial to our body. Linden tea will help get rid of fever, eliminate inflammation in the body, and also have a pronounced diuretic, diaphoretic, and choleretic effect.

In addition to color, it is actively used in medicinal purposes also linden bark, which can heal open wounds, treat burns, eliminate dermatological problems, etc.

Attention! Drinking linden tea is contraindicated for people suffering from cardiovascular diseases, since linden has a pronounced ability to accelerate metabolic processes, which puts a high burden on the heart.

Most often, linden grows in groups, but in natural conditions, oppressed by stronger representatives of the flora, it can take on the appearance of a tall shrub. Linden is an unpretentious tree, so its species (and there are a huge number of them) are actively grown for decorative purposes: for landscaping parks, streets, alleys, etc. After all, nothing will decorate a linden tree better than an even row of slender linden trees with a neat crown, which will bloom magnificently and fill the entire area with a thick sweet aroma.

The main methods of linden propagation (shoots, cuttings, layering)

Linden propagation is carried out in several ways, but only the following can be highlighted:

• Overgrowth. During the period of active tree growth, small shoots that appear under the linden crown can be used as material for planting young trees. Small shoots are excellent for transplanting, but several conditions must be met. Firstly, planting time is strictly spring; secondly, the weather is extremely wet and cool. As seedlings, it is better to choose two-year-old shoots with a fairly developed root system (such specimens usually grow at a distance of 2-3 m from the tree). So, taproot it is necessary to cut the shoots on both sides, and then carefully care for them throughout the summer: loosen the soil around them, water young plant, apply fertilizer, and plant it in the main place in the fall.

Advice. As propagation material, it is better to use shoots only from self-rooted trees, since in this case there is a greater likelihood that the young tree will have all the external signs of the mother tree.

• Layerings. Unusual way propagation of linden, which, however, is also used. Process in progress in the following way: a young tree is cut down, and then sprouts are waited for to appear on the stump. One- or two-year-old shoots are bent to the ground and secured near it with wooden devices. Afterwards they are carefully sprinkled with earth. After a couple of years, roots will appear at the bend site. Then you should carefully separate the young plant from the mother plant with a sharp shovel and then replant it.

• Cuttings. One of the most simple ways linden propagation. Its cuttings take root well in new conditions and require minimal care. Cuttings and the soil for planting them must first be prepared. The first stage of preparation is carried out in the fall: the soil is carefully dug up, cleared of weeds, generously fertilized and, finally, leveled. For the winter, be sure to cover the area for planting young cuttings plastic film. For propagation, exclusively freshly cut cuttings are used. Moreover, you should strictly adhere to the requirements for their proportions: the cutting should in no case be thin (its development will be too slow or will not happen at all), and it should not be too short (there should be at least 4 nodes on the cutting, the length is about 12 cm). Bottom part The cuttings are cleared of leaves, processed and planted in the ground to a depth of 1-1.5 cm.

That's all the subtleties you should know about the methods of linden propagation. Be sure to try each of them and compare the results. Good luck!

Caring for linden and features of its reproduction: video

The Lipa genus is one of the oldest among deciduous plants and unites several dozen species. The downy linden stands out among them for its unusual and spectacular foliage color, for which it is called “silver” and “felt”.

Decorative varieties of wood are widely used for landscaping streets, parks and gardens; they are excellent honey plants. Linden is easy to grow using seeds, cuttings or root shoots. Varietal seedlings can be purchased at the nursery. The process of growing linden is simple, but lengthy.

Linden (Tilia) is a large genus of broad-leaved trees, part of the Malvaceae family.

Its representatives have a number of common characteristics:

• powerful root system;
• large tall (from 15 to 30 meters) trunk, covered with brown, with numerous cracks, bark;
• a dense crown of round, oval, pyramidal or cone-shaped, formed by upward-pointing branches.

Leaves are attached alternately or in double rows to the branches using long petioles. They are entire, round, sometimes lobed, with a pointed apex and a heart-shaped base. The leaf blades are jagged and colored in shades of green.

At the end of June and July, numerous inflorescences in the shape of a shield form on the branches. Each of them is equipped with a leathery, light green bract that resembles a wing.

Linden has small regular flowers, formed by 5 light yellow petals. In the central part of the corolla there are 5 stamens fused into bundles and a straight column with a 5-lobed stigma.

Linden blossoms are highly decorative and have a pleasant sweet aroma that attracts pollinating insects and bees, which was the basis for the origin of the generic name. Translated from Greek, it means “beloved by bees.”

Linden honey is considered one of the healthiest.

Flowering ends with the formation of numerous fruits: small and smooth nuts with 1 or 2 seeds inside. The fruits ripen in August-September and fall on the snow in winter, this ensures good self-seeding.

Linden trees are considered long-lived plants. IN favorable conditions their growing season lasts from 200 to 600 years. There are known specimens that are over a thousand years old.

Where linden trees grow, the soils are particularly fertile. This is explained by the rapid decay of its leaves, which contain a large amount of valuable microelements.

The genus includes about 50 species, growing mainly in the northern hemisphere. They prefer mixed forests and are a valuable forest-forming species. About 10 species grow in Russia. Among them:

• large-leaved or broad-leaved linden;
• small-leaved or heart-shaped linden:
• Caucasian linden;
• linden is fluffy, felt or silver.

Fluffy linden

Widely distributed in the central regions of Russia, in Western Europe, Ukraine, Crimea and the Caucasus. It is found in Asia Minor, the Balkans and the Baltic States, preferring proximity to ash, oak and maple.

The downy linden has all the characteristics of the genus. Minor differences concern it appearance and vegetation.

External differences

Felt linden is easily recognizable by its leaves:

• They are solid, round, 7-8 cm long, asymmetrical, with a jagged edge, a sharp apex and a heart-shaped base.
• The upper part of the leaf blades is smooth and colored in shades of green. The lower one is slightly pubescent and looks whitish-felt.
• In clear weather, the edges of the leaves bend, and the overall background of the crown becomes silver. In autumn, the leaves turn yellow and do not fall off for a long time.

The flowering of silver linden begins in the second half of July and is accompanied by the formation large quantity creamy inflorescences in the form of half-umbrellas with a strong honey aroma. Flowering lasts 10 days. At the end of the process, small (1 cm) slightly pointed fruits-nuts form in place of the flowers.

Anemone - varieties, rules for planting in open ground and care features

Features of the growing season

Distinguished by its unpretentiousness, silver linden still has certain preferences and characteristics:

1. 1. The species prefers to grow in open, sunny and dry places, tolerating shade well. With a lack of light, sun and space, the felt linden forms several low shoots and becomes like a shrub.
2. 2. The plant is undemanding to soil, but develops and looks better on neutral or slightly acidic (pH 6.5-7.5) nutrient soils.
3. 3. The tree does not tolerate groundwater flowing close to the soil surface.
4. 4. Silver linden is insensitive to air pollution, is rarely affected by pests and gets sick.
5. 5. The species is characterized by slow growth.

A plant that has reached 20-40 years is considered an adult. The average lifespan of the species is 200 years.

Popular varieties

Silver linden is a spectacular, beautiful tree, especially during the flowering period. Based on it, several decorative varieties that are widely used in landscaping have been obtained.

Varsaviensis

It is the result of crossing felt and large-leaved linden. Its first description belongs to Polish breeders.

Varsaviensis lindens are large, stately trees. By the age of 10, they reach 20-25 m in height and have a dense conical crown. In its upper part it is formed by dark green foliage. The leaves of the lower branches are grayish, pubescent, with a pronounced serrated edge.

Varsaviensis bloom in late June - early July, forming small inflorescences, collected in groups of 5 - 10 and hidden under the foliage. The flowering has a strong aroma.

The variety is characterized by moderate growth rates: annual growth is up to 40 cm in height and 30 cm in width.

Varsaviensis lindens look good in large gardens and parks, as roadside plantings.

Brabant

Felt linden variety Brabant is a large deciduous tree with a well-developed straight trunk up to 30 m high, surrounded by a dense symmetrical crown. U young tree it has the shape of a cone; as it grows, the crown becomes wider.

The variety is characterized by olive-green coloring of pubescent young shoots, rounded leaves with a green top and a felt-like underside. It blooms somewhat later than other varieties, at the end of July, producing light yellow fragrant flowers.

Brabant is light-loving, drought-resistant, and winter-hardy. Prefers loamy soils. Grows well in urban environments.

Grown in parks and large gardens, ideal for forming alleys and living green fences.

Royal gold

A highly decorative variety, distinguished by its medium (up to 25 m) height, powerful trunk, surrounded by a wide pyramidal crown. The leaves are round (up to 12 cm in diameter), with a silvery underside.

It blooms in July for 2 weeks, forming numerous inflorescences that cover the branches with golden foam and spreading a strong honey aroma.

Linden varieties "Royal Gold" are unpretentious, drought-resistant and shade-tolerant. They are characterized by slow growth, which is compensated by their resistance to damage by pests and diseases. Excellent honey plants.

The variety is cultivated in single and group plantings to create alleys and green areas. Loves space.

Growing from seeds

In the natural environment, linden seeds take a long time to germinate, within 2 years, including wintering in the snow.

When grown under artificial conditions, this period can be shortened by using for sowing immature fruits collected immediately after flowering with their subsequent stratification.

Stratification is carried out 3-6 months before sowing and consists of storage planting material in a cool, dark and damp place. To carry it out, in addition to linden seeds, you need:

• capacity;
• substrate in the form of sawdust or wet sand.

The substrate mixed with seeds is filled into the container. For several months, until spring, the container is placed in a cool (0-3 °C) dark place.

Sowing seedlings

It is better to grow linden seedlings indoors, this guarantees the development of strong seedlings.

Sowing is carried out in fertile and loose soil, composed of garden soil with the addition of humus, turf and leaf soil mixed with a small amount of sand. Before sowing, the soil is mixed and watered.

Seeds are removed from the container in which they were stratified immediately before sowing. They do this carefully, trying to capture the substrate in which they were located.

Seeds should not be dried before planting; this will negatively affect their germination.

Sowing is carried out in rows at a distance of 15-20 cm. The seeds are buried 1 cm, sprinkled with soil and lightly compacted.

During the germination period, the containers are covered with translucent dense material. For seedlings to emerge, diffused light and an air temperature of 18...22 °C are required. In such conditions, after 2-3 weeks the first shoots will appear. When they appear, ventilation begins, combining this procedure with the removal of condensate.

When germination is successful, ventilation is carried out twice a day, for 2 hours. As the seedlings grow, the duration is gradually increased.

Seedling care

Care consists of creating a certain light regime, timely watering, thinning and picking.

At first, the seedlings are protected from direct sunlight on the seedlings. Warm air provokes the evaporation of moisture from the soil, and its lack can lead to the death of young plants.

2-3 weeks after emergence, the seedlings are thinned out, removing weak specimens.

Free space - necessary condition For good development plants, so the grown seedlings dive. Small linden trees can hardly tolerate this procedure, so it is carried out carefully, observing a number of conditions:

1. 1. Picking is carried out by transshipment, using the same soil composition as for sowing. This will reduce the possibility of root damage and facilitate the adaptation of young plants.
2. 2. To avoid the stress of another transplant (in open ground) diving is best done in peat pots.

At the end of May or beginning of June, when it is established warm weather, small linden trees are planted in open ground on permanent place. The seedlings are watered periodically, preventing the soil from drying out. After 1-2 years, in the fall, the plants are transplanted to a permanent place.

Planting of seedlings is carried out in the spring using the transshipment method:

• At a pre-selected location, prepare a planting hole with a depth of 50-70 cm and a width of 50 cm.
• A 15-centimeter layer of drainage (small pebbles, crushed stone or broken brick) is poured onto the bottom of the recess.
• Humus, previously mixed with superphosphate (about 50 g per seedling), is poured onto the drainage in a layer of the same thickness.
• An earthen ball of the seedling is placed in the hole and covered with a soil mixture of turf soil, humus and sand, taken in a ratio of 1:2:2. The root collar is left at soil level.
• The young plant is watered abundantly.

Caring for an adult plant

Caring for linden is simple and depends on the age of the plant:

• Seedlings and young trees are watered, focusing on drying the top layer of soil. Mature trees are watered only during drought.
• Starting from the next year after planting the seedlings, pruning is carried out. In early spring, before the buds open, linden branches are shortened by about 1/3 of their length.
• During the first 2 years, annually in the spring, young trees are fed with nitrogen fertilizers. Adult plants (from 10 years) - 2 times per season:
  • in the spring, using a solution of mullein (1 kg per 10 liters of water) with the addition of 20 g of urea and 25 g ammonium nitrate;
  • in the fall with a solution of nitroammophoska: 20 g per 10 liters of water.
• 2-3 times a season they loosen the circle around the trunk, removing weeds.
• In areas with frosty and little snowy winters, young linden plantings are mulched with a layer of wood chips or sawdust, peat or fallen leaves (10 cm).

The high decorative value of the fluffy linden, the ease of vegetative propagation, its unpretentiousness and the ability to form a crown have made it one of the most common garden trees.

Linden is one of the most common trees used for urban landscaping. Planted in parks and squares, used to create alleys and hedges. It is valued for its unpretentiousness, neat appearance, discreet decorativeness, thick, silky crown, pleasant aroma of flowers and durability. Today, some types of this tree are used in landscape design. A single linden tree with a correctly formed, graceful crown, growing on garden plot or local area. It easily tolerates cutting and retains its desired shape for a long time.

When and how to plant a linden tree?

The plant is very unpretentious, can grow in shady places and in open, sunlit areas. Prefers drained, moderate wet soil. Improves soil properties with its own fallen leaves. Excess or lack of moisture inhibits the plant and negatively affects its development. Small-leaved linden is widespread in Russia, the areole of which falls on the European part of the country.

Grow a linden tree can be from seeds or using seedlings. Under natural conditions, seeds falling into the ground are stored in the soil for a year until next spring. Thus, their stratification occurs. With artificial stratification, seeds are cooled in a humid environment. To do this, they are placed in a container with wet sand and stored in a cool room at a temperature not exceeding 0°C. The duration of stratification is up to 5 months. Germinated seeds are planted in prepared soil in the spring. Seeds can be sown in autumn without prior stratification, but their germination rate will be significantly lower.

Planting a linden tree in autumn

Planting a linden tree is also done in another way. To do this, seedlings that begin to grow near perennial trees are transplanted. Seedlings are dug up in the forest or forest belt. They easily tolerate replanting in cool, damp weather. The best time to plant linden trees is in the fall. For planting, fairly deep planting holes are dug, 0.5 m wide. Humus is poured into the bottom. The seedling is placed in a hole and watered abundantly with water. After planting, it is necessary to form a hole near the trunk so that the water does not spread during watering, but accumulates in the areas where the root system is located.

Planting of large seedlings, reaching 1.5-5 m in height, is carried out in the fall. During the season, three feedings of mullein infusion are required in the spring, June and July. Feeding is especially important in the first years of a plant’s life. Trimming is already done on one-year-old trees.

How to transplant a linden tree

Quite often, if transplanted incorrectly, young linden trees do not take root and die. In order to preserve the plant and prevent damage, you should follow some rules. When digging a seedling out of the ground, it is important not to damage the root system; damaged roots are carefully cut off. Only strong and healthy individuals grown in open, well-lit areas are suitable for transplantation.

Excavated trees must be buried immediately. You cannot leave them in the wind with exposed roots. Planting pits prepare in advance. The roots in the hole should be free. To tie up the seedlings you will need stakes, this will protect the young plants from being torn strong wind and will help them to be well established in the earth. The trunk is tied to a peg using soft material. Plants are placed in a hole in such a way that root collar remained on the surface. When adding soil to the roots, you need to immediately compact it from the edges to the center. After this, the tree should be watered generously, even if the transplant is done in wet weather. To ensure that the trunk hole remains moist for as long as possible, it is covered with a layer of dry soil. The soil on the tree trunks must be loosened regularly.

In spring, trees are replanted before buds open. Linden trees are planted in the fall after the end of the growing season. If all the rules are followed, the plant will take root well in its new location.

Linden propagation: planting seedlings in autumn

Linden propagation is carried out by seeds and vegetatively from the shoots of an underground shoot that shoots out not far from the tree itself.

When propagating by seeds in spring, mandatory pre-sowing stratification is required. Without stratification, seeds usually do not germinate. In addition, this tree is sensitive to spring frosts, so seedlings that appeared before frost may die. Small seedlings do not tolerate transplantation well; it is recommended to replant only adult annual specimens. Planting linden seedlings in the fall is more difficult than spring planting. The height of the seedlings by autumn can reach up to 50 cm, depending on the growing conditions and the type of linden. In the spring, a year later, the largest seedlings are selected and transplanted to a permanent place. Rows of young trees are placed at a distance of up to 30 cm from each other. The first year after planting, systematic watering is necessary. Typically, seedlings gain strength within 2 years.

Small-leaved linden tree: planting and care

Small-leaved linden is common in the European part of Russia, Western Siberia. It is characterized by increased frost resistance, shade tolerance and drought resistance. This plant is propagated by seeds, cuttings, grafting and layering.

Despite its shade tolerance, the tree grows and develops better in well-lit areas. When planting in hedges, the distance between seedlings should be at least 2 m, in alleys and groups - at least 4 m. Turf, compost and sand are suitable as a soil mixture. Feeding is done in early spring a solution of mullein, ammonium nitrate and urea. In autumn, nitroammophoska is used.

Loosening is carried out to a depth of 10 cm simultaneously with the removal of weeds. Tree trunk circle mulch with peat or wood chips. At the beginning of spring, drying branches are cut off.

This type of linden is suitable for urban landscaping because it tolerates air pollution well. Used for planting in parks. The main advantage of the tree is its thick, beautiful crown, which is easy to mold.

There are only about 50 species in the world. Flowering and fruiting of trees different breeds happens in different time. In the first years, young individuals grow slowly. Intensive growth is observed at the age of 7-10 years. During this time, the seedlings reach a height of 2-3 m. To accelerate the growth and flowering period of Manchu and large-leaved linden trees, their cuttings are grafted onto the rootstock of small-leaved linden. Grafted plants begin to bloom at the age of 5-6 years.

Linden is a durable tree, so linden plantations can be used for up to 200 years without renewal

I’ve already tried to grow linden from seeds a couple of times, but for some reason it doesn’t work. Could you tell us about the probable aspects of this case? It is best to start collecting linden seeds from trees after leaf fall. A small amount of them can also be collected from the ground. Pre-sowing preparation is absolutely necessary, since without it there will simply be no seedlings. The seeds are kept in a wet state at a temperature of about zero degrees for three to four months. To do this, you can spread them in a narrow layer on the surface of the earth before the onset of snowfalls, or bury them in the snow first in winter and later sow them, without drying them out (otherwise they will die!), into the wet ground as the snow melts away. A cool basement is also suitable for stratification. In the latter case, a refrigerator will do, but then you need to carefully watch so that the seeds do not dry out or become moldy. You can also sow seeds in the fall, but this does not always ensure good germination, and most of the seeds can sprout only in the 2nd year.

In general, linden cannot be called the most common tree for growing in an amateur nursery. Apart from the need for pre-sowing preparation, linden is sensitive to late spring frosts. Sprouts that appeared before such frosts may simply die. Small: small linden seedlings are difficult to transplant. One-year-old seedlings can only be replanted in the spring, since autumn replanting is even worse tolerated.

Oriental persimmon (Japanese). The scientific name of the genus means “divine fruit”, “fruit (or food) of the gods.” Ukrainian and

Linden is one of the most flexible, able to adapt to different conditions life, trees (especially small-leaved linden). It can exist in the form of big tree, and in the form of a bush (in conditions of oppression). Linden is capable of vegetative propagation with the help of special underground shoots, due to which it “spreads” itself. Within its natural range, it can grow on almost any soil, although, of course, it prefers fertile and well-moistened soils. Growing large seedlings in a nursery takes one to two years.

A feature of growing small-leaved linden and other species is the absolute need for special pre-sowing seed treatment or autumn sowing. Without long-term (3-6 months depending on the type of linden and the quality of the seeds) keeping wet seeds at a temperature of about 0 °, the seeds simply do not germinate. In order to ensure normal germination of seeds, you can either sow them in the fall (then the necessary cold preparation will take place naturally), or keep them in appropriate conditions - for example, in boxes with sawdust or wet sand, placed in cold basement. If you have a glacier (a cellar in which a thick layer of ice freezes in winter and as a result the temperature remains close to 0° in summer), then the seeds can be stored in such a glacier before planting - again in boxes with sawdust or wet sand. After such preparation, the seeds can no longer be dried, otherwise they will die - they must be sown immediately in moist soil.

In general, linden is not the easiest tree to grow in amateur nurseries, although different types Linden trees are capricious to varying degrees. In addition to the need for pre-sowing preparation, linden is characterized by sensitivity to late frosts - seedlings that appear during such frosts can easily die. Small linden seedlings are quite difficult to tolerate replanting (one-year-old seedlings should only be replanted in the spring; autumn replanting is much more difficult for them to tolerate).

In addition to sowing seeds, you can use transplantation of linden seedlings that appear under the crowns of old trees after bountiful harvest seeds Small seedlings (do not yet have true leaves, but only cotyledons) can easily tolerate transplantation if done in cool and humid weather. Under favorable conditions, “wild” seedlings can easily be dug up for an entire bed. Since the germination of linden seeds occurs rather late and unfriendly, seedlings should be looked for after the first leaves begin to bloom on adult linden trees.

Linden is very sensitive to soil moisture. Therefore, in dry weather, crops need to be watered. IN good conditions The height of the seedlings by autumn can reach 15-50 cm (depending on weather conditions, soil and type of linden.

In late autumn, when the linden tree has already dropped its leaves, its fruits still hang on the tree. They fall all winter until spring. Once on the ground, linden seeds never germinate in the first spring; they lie for at least a year. For normal germination, seeds must undergo prolonged cooling, while in a moist state.

The tallest of the broad-leaved trees, linden, blooms in June-July with small fragrant flowers, after which hard pea-shaped fruits are formed. Susceptible to aphids. Loves moisture, well-drained soils and sunny or slightly shaded areas.

Linden blooms later than all our other trees, already in mid-summer. Its small pale yellow flowers, rich in nectar, have a unique aroma. Linden is one of the best honey plants. Its flowers are known for their healing properties. Linden tea is drunk for colds.

Sometimes linden (especially European) lives up to 500-1000 years. It grows up to 40m in height and up to 5m in diameter.

Linden is widely grown in parks. Linden wood is soft, easy to process, used in the production of furniture, barrels, wooden musical instruments; bast is used for bast; bark of young trees - for bast - for weaving baskets, shoes, ropes.