Why the basement is the coldest place in the house at any time of the year. Why the basement is the coldest place in the house at any time of the year Why is the basement the coldest place in the house
Have you ever wondered why the basement is the coldest place in the house, and how to ensure optimal temperature levels in this room?
The basement in a private house is used for personal purposes. Since it is cold in this part of the house, in 90% of cases food is stored on the ground floor: fruits, vegetables and canned goods. Sometimes a workshop, gym, or sauna is set up in the premises.
Regardless of the purpose of using the basement, it is necessary to ensure coordinated air circulation. This can be achieved by installing ventilation systems or organizing natural air exchange. You can cope with the task yourself or with the help of a specialist. The volume and complexity of the work will depend on the complexity of the basement ventilation design in the house and the size of the room.
With properly equipped natural ventilation coolness will remain inside the basement regardless of the time of year. But if installation work the installation of the ventilation system was carried out in violation technical recommendations, you will have to provide artificial or forced ventilation. Conducting such a communication system is not complete without special devices, which are not cheap. For example, air conditioning.
Why is basement ventilation such an important issue?
The lack of constant air circulation in the room does not help eliminate excess humidity, which subsequently, settling on the walls, contributes to the formation of fungus and mold. To prevent this from happening, cottage with a basement are provided with a well-designed ventilation or air conditioning system.
Features of natural duct design
Harmonious work ventilation system in the basement is possible with correct placement the bottom of the exhaust pipe. It is located under the ceiling of the basement.
If the basement is planned for food storage, then the pipe is placed above the rack or shelf where fruits and vegetables are stored.
The upper part of the exhaust pipe is led out through the constructed ceilings. Its end is brought out at a distance of 30 to 60 cm from the roof, which minimizes the ingress of snow and melt water from the roof into the basement.
When understanding the question of why the basement is the coldest place in the house, keep in mind that condensation forms inside the pipes, and to prevent moisture from getting inside the basement, a special tank is installed in the cellar to collect water.
Any pipes are used for arranging ventilation in the basement. These are PVC or asbestos-cement products, characterized by efficiency, thermal conductivity, and durability. This is why the basement is the coldest place in the house.
Why is it cool in the basement?
Cold air is denser and heavier than warm air, so it sinks to the lower level of the house - into the basement. Accumulating here, cooled air forms a microclimate, explaining the reason why the basement is the coldest place in the house. Passing from the top floor to the ground floor, the air masses gradually cool, and warm air goes up. In this way, natural convection is formed - heat exchange between air masses of different temperatures.
Now you know the reason why the basement is the coolest and what contributes to this. The considered example of natural ventilation is easy to implement, so this task is easy to cope with on your own. But due to the need for basement special air exchange and air conditioning systems are installed, and with such a question it is better to contact a specialist.
Try to control the ventilation in the basement. If you are planning to build a house, then pay special attention to this activity. It is advisable to develop separate project to prevent problems from occurring during further operation of the premises.
Sometimes we wonder why the basement is the coldest place in the house or how to make it so. What if there is no basement in a private cottage? What else can serve as a special multifunctional room designed for storing winter clothes, household utensils, sports equipment, and communications? What is the difference between a cellar and a basement? The advantages and disadvantages of each are briefly described in this article.
Cellar or basement?
When answering the question, it is important to understand the goal setting and purpose of a particular room. The basement is the underground non-residential part of the building. It is often adapted for a workshop, utility room, garage and other open-plan useful space. Characterized by durability, full height of a person, lack of natural sunlight, constancy of average daily and average annual temperature conditions. When arranging it to a depth of 2 meters and below, the average annual temperature fluctuates between +5 - +10ºС both in the heat and in severe frosts, even when no one lives in the house and it is not heated. That's why the basement is the coldest place. It is usually installed under the kitchen, but can run along the perimeter of the entire residential building.
The cellar serves exclusively as a storage place for workpieces. This is a kind of spacious refrigerator, equipped with shelves and partitions. It can be arranged at home, in the same basement, or stand separately on summer cottage, more often on dry slopes and hills to minimize contact with groundwater. Compact compared to its “brother”; in some designs you can only look into it to get a jar of the product from the shelf. Its size will depend on the needs of the owner and the expected volume of workpieces. Less financially expensive.
The average student studying the basics of physics will be able to answer this question right away: cold air is heavy, dense, it sinks down. This is the so-called natural convection. And the heat generated from heating the roof by the sun's rays does not reach the lowest room. But this is far from the only thing possible variant answer.
Qualitative characteristics of the basement
The basement requires significant investments in construction and finishing (about a quarter of the estimated cost of the entire house). Why? The basement is the coldest place in the house. For this statement to correspond to reality, high-quality construction of the structure is necessary, requiring determination of the soil structure, implementation of land (for preparing a volumetric pit), drainage (for drainage of surface and groundwater), concrete works. It is also necessary to make a densely compacted clay castle, a waterproofing sand and gravel cushion, and treat the walls and floor (for example, with bitumen emulsions). After all, the main enemies for such a room are water, dampness, mustiness, and air stuffiness. Hence, the main parameters that can extend the service life of the room are important: the resistance of the walls to the pressure of earth rocks, destructive effects, high waterproofing and ventilation properties.
Thermal insulation is the basis for the basement
Why is the basement the coldest place in the house? The answer to the question is good thermal insulation, providing protection for floors, doors, hatches, and walls around the perimeter of the room from freezing.
The use of ultra-modern (expanded polystyrene, fiber wool insulation), usually on the outside of the building, will avoid the formation of condensation, mildew and mold, and will also save 15-20%. thermal energy, which will not leave the house, will be spent on heating an unheated room.
Sometimes we wonder why the basement is the coldest place in the house or how to make it so. What if there is no basement in a private cottage? What else can serve as a special multifunctional room designed for storing winter clothes, household utensils, sports equipment, and communications? What is the difference between a cellar and a basement? The advantages and disadvantages of each are briefly described in this article.
Cellar or basement?
When answering the question, it is important to understand the goal setting and purpose of a particular room. The basement is the underground non-residential part of the building. It is often adapted for a workshop, utility room, garage and other open-plan useful space. It is characterized by durability, the height of a person's full height, the absence of natural sunlight, and the constancy of average daily and average annual temperature conditions. When arranging it to a depth of 2 meters and below, the average annual temperature fluctuates between +5 - +10ºС both in the heat and in severe frosts, even when no one lives in the house and it is not heated. That's why the basement is the coldest place. It is usually installed under the kitchen, but can run along the perimeter of the entire residential building.
The cellar serves exclusively as a storage place for preparations. This is a kind of spacious refrigerator, equipped with shelves and partitions. It can be installed at home, in the same basement, or stand separately on a summer cottage, often on dry slopes and hills to minimize contact with groundwater. Compact compared to its “brother”; in some designs you can only look into it to get a jar of the product from the shelf. Its size will depend on the needs of the owner and the expected volume of workpieces. Less financially expensive.
The average student studying the basics of physics will be able to answer this question right away: cold air is heavy, dense, it sinks down. This is the so-called natural convection. And the heat generated from heating the roof by the sun's rays does not reach the lowest room. But this is far from the only possible answer.
Qualitative characteristics of the basement
The basement requires significant investments in construction and finishing (about a quarter of the estimated cost of the entire house). Why? The basement is the coldest place in the house. For this statement to correspond to reality, a high-quality construction of the structure is necessary, which requires determining the soil structure, carrying out land (to prepare a volumetric pit), drainage (to drain surface and ground water), and concrete work. It is also necessary to make a densely compacted clay castle, a waterproofing sand and gravel cushion, and treat the walls and floor (for example, with bitumen emulsions). After all, the main enemies for such a room are water, dampness, mustiness, and air stuffiness. Hence, the main parameters that can extend the service life of the room are important: the resistance of the walls to the pressure of earth rocks, destructive effects, high waterproofing and ventilation properties.
Thermal insulation is the basis for the basement
Why is the basement the coldest place in the house? The answer to the question is good thermal insulation, which provides protection for floors, doors, hatches, and walls around the perimeter of the room from freezing.
The use of cutting-edge insulation materials (expanded polystyrene, fiber wool insulation), usually on the outside of the building, will avoid the formation of condensation, mildew and mold, and will also save 15-20% of thermal energy, which will not leave the house and be spent on heating unheated room.