Care and proper feeding of clematis for long, lush flowering. Feeding clematis

Clematis will not leave anyone indifferent. Gorgeous flowers various forms and colors bloom on their graceful legs from the beginning of June until the coldest weather. Depending on the variety, they can grow as a compact bush or spread out as a vine up to 10 meters long.

These climbing plants They come from hot Spain, so some gardeners fear that caring for them will be very difficult. Growing has its own characteristics, the most important of which are good choice places, timely feeding of clematis, proper pruning.

Fertilizer application during planting

Clematis can grow in one place for more than 30 years, so the soil must be prepared very carefully before planting. The planting hole must be filled with humus (2 buckets), add 1 bucket of sand and peat, 0.5 liters of wood ash, 100 g of superphosphate and complex mineral fertilizer. Clematis love alkaline and neutral soil, so when planting it is advisable to add a handful dolomite flour. Usage fresh manure and acidic peat can destroy clematis.

Feeding in the first year after spring planting is not carried out. In the future, the quantity nutrients in the soil decreases and the plant needs fertilizers.

Alternation of fertilizing for abundant flowering

The first feeding of clematis is carried out in May after the shoots have grown. The second is during the budding period. Feeding clematis in the spring stimulates their growth and development. At this time, the plant is in dire need of nitrogen. Any complex fertilizer with a high nitrogen content (marked with the letter N on the package) is suitable for this. Next, the soil under the plant is shed lime milk and mulch. To get strong, generously blooming clematis, fertilizing should be carried out throughout the entire growing season of the plant, approximately 2 times a month.

During the summer, mineral fertilizers alternate with organic ones. For mineral supplements used Matchbox on a bucket of water. For organic - infusion of herbs (1-2 l), bird droppings (1:15), or fermented slurry (1:10).

Since August, nitrate fertilizers have not been used, and phosphorus takes their place. Its deficiency can cause browning of leaves, inhibition of root and shoot growth. If potassium nitrate was used for fertilizing in the spring or then in the second half of summer it is necessary to replace it with potassium sulfate. The shoots must fully ripen so that by winter the gardener receives a strong clematis ready for wintering. Feeding with phosphorus in September is carried out during the main dressing in the form of simple or However, excess phosphorus in the soil can cause plants and provoke the incidence of chlorosis. To neutralize the effect of phosphates, ferrous sulfate is added to the soil every 2 weeks.

The key to success is good soil

On well-aerated cultivated lands, the root spreads up to 1 m wide from the base of the bush and up to 80 cm deep, which allows the plant to select from the soil the minerals and trace elements that are missing for life.

Properly planted clematis, which is fertilized correctly and in full, always blooms profusely and tolerates winter well.

Clematis are liana-like plants of the ranunculaceae family. Among gardeners, it is known as clematis, vine or grandfather curls and is widely used for vertical gardening. Spectacular climbing shoots of clematis, covered with elegant flowers from early June to August, decorate gardens and cottages, balconies and gazebos. For getting lush flowering proper care is required throughout the growing season. Spring events are of particular importance. First of all, feeding, which lays the foundations for future flowering.

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Care after winter

They begin to care for clematis literally immediately after the snow melts, freeing the awakened plants from their winter shelters and performing a number of other simple but important activities.

Removing covers

After wintering, the protection is removed from clematis. Do this gradually:

• When the mercury column stops falling below 0 °C during the daytime, protection is done ventilation holes, providing access fresh air and light to the shoots of the plant.
• Winter shelters are removed completely only when the threat of night frosts has disappeared.



Trimming

Clematis are pruned in the fall. If for some reason this could not be done, then pruning is carried out in early spring:

• For varieties that bloom twice a year, all old and dried shoots are removed, and healthy shoots are shortened to 1 m.
• Clematis that bloom on the current year's shoots are cut to a length of 30 cm, leaving 2-3 buds.
• In spring, remove all broken and deformed branches.



Support and garter

Spring growth of clematis shoots begins in May, reaching its maximum by the middle of this month. At daytime temperatures above 10 °C, the vine stretches 7-10 cm per day and needs support, natural or artificially erected. It is worth taking care of its presence and staking of the vine in early spring.

The first garter is carried out on minimum distance from the earth. As they grow, the clematis shoots are fan-shapedly distributed over the surface of the support, carefully ensuring that they do not intertwine, and fixed. This will ensure good illumination of the shoots and protect the plant from mechanical damage and their consequences, and will also give the bush a decorative appearance.



Scheme for fixing clematis shoots

Watering

In spring, clematis experience an increased need for moisture. After the snow melts, the soil is sufficiently saturated with water, but its reserves are quickly used up. Clematis react painfully to moisture deficiency, so in the spring, especially with little rainfall, the soil is moistened.

Watering is carried out infrequently (once a week), but abundantly, trying to moisten the soil to a depth of half a meter, which is explained by the taproot type of plant root system. From 10 to 20 liters of water is poured under young bushes, 1.5-2 times more for adults. The older the plant, the more moisture it needs.

Loosening the soil

After each watering, the soil is loosened. This will avoid excessive evaporation of water and prevent the growth of unwanted vegetation.

The first time the soil is loosened in early spring, still wet from the melted snow, in order to destroy the soil crust and weeds. Loosening is carried out to a depth of 2-5 cm.

Mulching

Covering the soil with mulch partially replaces watering and loosening. It helps retain moisture in the soil, saturate it with oxygen and protects the roots from overheating.

Used as mulch various materials: peat, half-rotted manure, sawdust, straw, compost, humus. The use of organic matter helps plants receive additional nutrition during rain.




Mulch is placed around the bushes, being careful not to touch the shoots. This will protect them from damage by rodents.

Planting annual flowering plants at the base of clematis shoots works similarly to mulch. These could be marigolds, which not only protect the roots, but also repel some insect pests with the help of their smell.

Prevention of diseases and pests

The roots of clematis, especially in waterlogged soil conditions, are susceptible to fungal diseases (fusarium, wilt, gray rot), which can lead to the loss of the plant. To prevent the occurrence of diseases in the spring, apply to clematis bushes. copper sulfate(50 g per 10 l), foundationol (20 g per 10 l) or any other fungicide, 3-4 l per bush. The treatment is repeated 3-4 times.

Dangerous pests of clematis are root-knot nematodes, which penetrate root tissues and form thickenings (galls). To prevent their appearance, spring mulching of the soil is carried out using mint or wormwood, the smell of which repels them.

Spring feeding

The growing season of most varieties of clematis is characterized by the annual renewal of almost the entire above-ground mass and long and abundant flowering. To carry out these processes, the plant needs a large number of nutrients. Therefore, after winter, clematis need to be fertilized.

For normal development, the plant needs 16 micro- and macroelements. It receives three of them (oxygen, carbon and hydrogen) mainly from the air. The remaining 13 are from the soil.

Rules for applying fertilizers

Fertilizing clematis in the spring is carried out in compliance with several rules:

• fertilizers are applied after watering or into moist soil;
• to prevent “overfeeding”, solutions of medium concentration are used, dry additives are scattered in small portions;
• deposit mineral supplements alternate with the use of organic matter.

Clematis do not tolerate chlorine-containing fertilizers.

Spring feeding scheme

During the season, adult clematis bushes are fed 5 times. Most of the fertilizing occurs in the spring.

Subsequence	Dates	Fertilizers used	Important information
1	First half of May	Urea solution (30 g per 10 l of water) or solution ammonium nitrate(2 g per 10 liters of water for a bush from 5 to 10 years) or sprinkle fertilizer over the surface of the soil	Nitrogen is necessary for the growth of green mass. It activates cell division processes, preventing their aging. With a deficiency of this element, the growth of shoots slows down, the leaves become smaller and acquire a yellowish or reddish tint, and few buds are formed
2	A week after the first feeding	Infusion of mullein (1:10) or chicken manure (1:15).	-
2/3	Additionally, between 2 and 3 feedings (mid - end of May)	Liming the soil: 150-200 g of chalk (lime) or dolomite flour are dissolved in 10 liters of water. This solution is used to treat 1 sq. m. soil.	Adding lime milk accomplishes 2 tasks: enriches the soil with potassium and calcium, without which it is impossible to obtain bright flowering; allows you to correct the acidity of the soil: clematis do not tolerate an acidic environment. After liming, the soil is mulched
3	1.5-2 weeks after the second feeding	Any complex fertilizer, for example, Kemira universal, 1 tbsp. l. for 10 liters of water	-
4	During the budding period	Superphosphate, potassium nitrate 1 tbsp. l. for 10 liters of water	Phosphorus and potassium are necessary for the formation of buds. With their deficiency, few flowers are formed. The pedicels of some of them darken, the buds droop down and do not always open.

In summer, clematis are not fed. This reduces flowering time!

Foliar spring feeding

Clematis responds well to foliar feeding. In the spring they are carried out twice:

• when shoots grow, during the 1st feeding, young shoots are irrigated with a weak (1 teaspoon per 10 liters of water) urea solution;
• at the end of spring, during the formation of buds - using the preparations “Master”, “Avkarin”, “Floral Solution”.

Clematis will definitely respond to spring troubles and will delight you with its blooms all season long.

Clematis are plants that need care both in summer and winter. In order for the vine to bloom profusely, you should carefully consider this procedure. If the plant is properly prepared for frost, it will delight its owners with large and bright buds.

Preparing for winter

Caring for clematis before the onset of cold weather plays an important role in their further development. Despite the fact that the plant has sufficiently adapted to our area, its southern roots still make themselves felt. Gardeners who have been growing these unusually beautiful plants on their property for many years know that their flowering depends on proper pruning, watering and fertilizing.

If the vines alone have enough summer and spring fertilizing, then for clematis they are obligatory in the later period of the year. It is especially necessary to fertilize if the flower grows on poor lands.

If clematis are not cut and wrapped for the winter, they may die completely or freeze out in places. Therefore, to avoid negative consequences, you should wrap the plant well before the onset of cold weather, and also remove unnecessary shoots. You will learn how to do this in the article.

Work completion time

In order for the vine to bloom profusely, its shoots must be trimmed throughout the year. There are several categories of this plant, the care for which is slightly different.

Main groups of clematis:

• First group. These are wild varieties, Texas and Eastern vines. They need to remove dry and damaged branches after the leaves fall. The shoots on such bushes should be trimmed in the spring. If this is not done, the plant will lose its shape. Over time, such vines become bare, and buds appear only in the upper part.

Flowers of this group are pruned only in spring for the first two years. Then the procedure should be carried out in the summer.

Bushes that are two years old should remove all branches, leaving one bud at a time. This should be done from January to February.

• Second group. These are vines that bloom twice a year: from May to June and from August to September. These flowers are pruned in the last month of autumn and summer. This is explained by the fact that the buds form on last year’s branches. The summer procedure should be carried out in June, when flowering ends.
• Third group. These are the most popular species that can be found in any garden. These include hybrids and herbaceous varieties. You can observe their flowering in early July. Such vines are pruned only in autumn. It is better to do this in October or early November.

Important! Plants of the second group must be severely pruned once every 5 years. This is necessary so that the bush is lush and the flowers bloom at eye level.

Fertilizers and fertilizers

If the plant was well fertilized during planting, then the next procedure should be carried out in the third year of the vine’s life. But if the soil is poor, it is recommended to apply fertilizers in the first autumn.

Before fertilizing, you should water the flower generously for several days before the procedure.

Advice! The plant does not tolerate an excess of drugs, so they should be applied in diluted form.

Humus, compost, and potassium-phosphorus fertilizers can be used as fertilizing. If humus is used for fertilizer, then its quantity per trunk circle should be 10 kg. It is not recommended to use preparations containing nitrogen. This component promotes the active growth of green mass, which clematis does not need at all in the fall.

Also, before covering, the base of the bush should be strewn with wood ash and compacted well. It should be well chopped. It is better to sift it before use. The optimal amount is 0.5 kg of substance per bush.

In addition to organic products, clematis can be fertilized with mineral preparations. They must be used extremely carefully. Such compositions should be applied according to the specified proportions on the packaging. If you follow it throughout the year correct amount fertilizing, then in the fall you don’t need to use them at all.

Advice! The last nutritional feeding should be carried out in September.

Caring for clematis in the fall also includes spraying the root part. This is done immediately after pruning the shoots.

For this you can use:

• two percent iron sulfate;
• one percent solution of Bordeaux mixture.

This procedure should be used for all types of vines. It is necessary to protect plants from the development of dangerous fungal diseases.

Pruning clematis

This is an important part of care that should be treated with special care. From correct pruning a lot depends. First of all, this is the full development of the root system.

Types of plant pruning:

• sanitary (removal of dry shoots and leaves);
• formative (necessary for better growth lianas);
• winter (protects the flower from freezing).

Clematis is one of the plants whose leaves do not fall off on their own in the fall. Therefore, in order for the flower to have an attractive appearance in the spring, you should remove the dry leaf plates yourself.

Advice! Damaged leaves must also be cut off from wintering branches.

The method of pruning depends on the type of plant and how old it is. Some species do not need this procedure at all. As for young flowers, they should be cut off completely, leaving no more than 30 centimeters of shoots above the ground.

The most effective is pruning in three tiers. It can be applied to different varieties plants. If you use this method, the plant will certainly delight you with its appearance in the spring.

First tier. No more than four shoots are pruned. Each of them is pruned at a height of one meter above the soil.

Second tier. Each of the four branches is trimmed 0.5 meters above the ground.

Third tier. At this stage, 4 shoots are also used. It is important to ensure that two to three buds remain above the soil during pruning.

The remaining branches will need to be removed at the root, and those that are cut off will need to be carefully placed on the surface of the ground.

Shelter for the winter

This procedure should be carried out at the end of autumn. It is best to do this in the second half of October or early November. The liana tolerates light frosts quite easily, but it is not worth experimenting with. During winters with little snow, clematis shoots are quickly damaged, which will negatively affect its flowering.

The plant should be covered after the vine is pruned and processed. To carry out the procedure, you can use dry tree branches, weathered peat, wood shavings, dry leaves and other materials.

In order for the vine to feel good in cold weather, it is worth pouring a layer of dry soil on top of the material. It is also recommended to additionally protect with a thick layer of snow. Varieties that need insulation must be shortened to 150 centimeters.

The principle of the procedure depends on the variety and type of flowering:

1. Clematis, whose buds appear on last year's branches, are the most frost-resistant. These include large-petaled, alpine, spreading and mountain varieties. In regions with a relatively warm climate, the plant can overwinter directly on supports. Trimming the shoots is not necessarily enough to protect the root system from severe frosts. Wrapping should be carried out at a height of 40 centimeters from the surface of the ground. To do this it is enough to use good layer dry soil and leaves.
2. A plant that forms buds on both last year’s and young branches needs pruning. After removing unnecessary shoots, the vine must be removed from the support and leveled. Carefully roll the unraveled lashes into a ring and place them on the ground. Sprinkle plenty of dry leaves on top and cover with non-woven material. It can be either agrofibre or lutrasila.
3. Lianas, the flowers of which appear on young shoots, are the most common in our country. They are easy to care for and tolerate frost well. After pruning, such clematis only need hilling. These include hybrid varieties. Additionally, there is no need to cover such flowers.

Conclusion

In order to understand how to properly cover a plant, it is enough to know its variety and how high it climbs. If you follow all the rules autumn care, the plant will certainly delight you with abundant flowering.

Many gardeners grow clematis on their plots. These perennial flowers, otherwise called clematis, are widely used in landscape design. Lianas from the shoots of this plant decorate gazebos, arches, and walls of houses and buildings. Feeding clematis in the spring is one of the necessary measures for caring for flowers, which allows you to achieve the maximum external effect from a flowering plant.

What kind of fertilizer do clematis like?

For full growth and beautiful flowering Clematis needs organic and mineral fertilizers containing the following substances and microelements:

• nitrogen;
• potassium;
• phosphorus.

In the first years of life, plants usually have enough nutrients that were added to the soil when planting the seedling. However, then the land is depleted, while the growth of the bush slows down, and flowering becomes short-lived and less abundant. Therefore, starting from the age of 3-4 years, feeding becomes one of mandatory events for caring for clematis in spring.

The best time to feed clematis

Feeding this ornamental shrub produced throughout the season. Only the structure and composition of the fertilizers used changes. If in spring priority is given to nitrogen-containing substances, then in summer and closer to autumn it is necessary to use potassium and phosphorus fertilizers.

Spring feeding of clematis

In spring, during the period of active shoot growth and green mass growth, plants need nitrogen most of all. He is the main one building material, from which a living plant cell is formed. Nitrogen and its compounds are contained in large quantities in organic fertilizers, such as manure or chicken droppings. In order for beneficial substances to be better absorbed, it is recommended to infuse organic matter and then apply it to the root zone in the form of a solution diluted with water to an acceptable concentration.

In the absence of organic matter, you can use mineral fertilizer, for example, urea. It should be applied to the root zone in liquid or granular form, and also made on the basis of its aqueous solution foliar feeding. You need to feed clematis in the spring at the dacha regularly, about once every 7-10 days.

Feeding clematis in summer

During the budding period, you can continue to feed clematis with nitrogen-containing fertilizers. And also during this period it is necessary to add substances containing potassium and phosphorus to the soil. Complex mineral fertilizers, for example, nitrophoska, are suitable for this purpose. After flowering begins, fertilizing should be stopped to increase the duration of flowering. After the shrub has flowered, you can resume fertilizing. In the second half of summer, it is necessary to completely stop using nitrogen fertilizers so as not to stimulate plants to excessively grow shoots and increase green mass.

In the fall, all fertilizing is stopped completely. At the final stage, around mid-September, clematis are fed with wood ash, scattering it in the root zone at the rate of approximately 0.5 kg per 1 bush. This fertilizer contains a large amount of potassium, which significantly increases the winter hardiness of plants.

How to feed clematis in spring for lush flowering

The main substances that clematis most need during the flowering period are potassium and phosphorus. They stimulate the growth and development of buds, causing abundant flowering. Most often, complex mineral fertilizers are used, for example, regular and double superphosphate. In addition to such fertilizers, fertilizing clematis in the spring for flowering can be done using other means.

Important! Clematis negatively perceives the presence of chlorine in fertilizers, so it is undesirable to use fertilizers containing this element.

Feeding clematis with yeast

Yeast contains iron, as well as vitamins and various amino acids. Yeast feeding significantly increases activity soil microorganisms, processing organic remains with the release of nitrogen and phosphorus. You can also use the foliar method.

Yeast feeding of clematis can be done in late spring, when the soil has already warmed up sufficiently. To prepare a nutrient solution, you need to take the following ingredients:

1. Water – 50 l.
2. Freshly cut grass, green weeds - 1 bucket.
3. Bread crusts or crackers – 0.5 kg.
4. Baker's yeast – 0.3 kg.

The concentrate obtained by mixing all the ingredients must be infused for at least 24 hours. In the future, it must be diluted clean warm water proportions 1:5. Spraying clematis with such a solution has a beneficial effect on appearance bushes Green color the foliage becomes more saturated and the flowers become brighter. Yeast feeding should be done no more than 2-3 times per season, for example, once during budding, and a second time during flowering.

Important! The yeast must not be expired.

How to feed clematis with ammonia

Ammonia is a solution of ammonia in water. Thus, it can well be used as an ammonia fertilizer. It contains quite a lot of nitrogen, which plants absorb very well. Feeding clematis with ammonia is carried out foliarly using a regular ruler.

When using feeding clematis with a solution ammonia It should be remembered that a large amount of nitrogen will cause vigorous growth of green mass, but flowering will be poor. Therefore, it is very important to maintain concentration. To prepare the solution you need to take 1 tbsp. l. ammonia per 10 liters of water. This feeding is done in early spring, before flower buds appear on the clematis.

Feeding clematis in spring with lime milk

Lime is often used by gardeners as a means to deoxidize the soil. However, it is also an excellent way to feed clematis. To prepare a nutrient solution, you need to take 150 g of slaked lime or chalk, as well as 100 g of wood ash. Both of these components need to be mixed in one bucket of water. The resulting solution is used to water the root zone of clematis bushes, while avoiding any drops falling on the leaves and shoots. This fertilizing is done at the end of spring or at the very beginning of summer, before the start of the budding period.

Clematis are quite unpretentious and do not require special care. In addition to fertilizing, in the spring you need to carry out sanitary pruning, clearing the bushes of debris and broken branches. The root system of these shrubs is located quite close to the soil surface, therefore, in order not to damage the roots, the root zone is usually not loosened, but simply mulched.

Conclusion

Feeding clematis in the spring allows you to fully see all the beauty of this flowering bush. It is very important that not only mineral complexes can be used as fertilizer, but also organic matter, as well as other substances that are very common in everyday life. It is important to remember that an excess of fertilizer is no less harmful than its deficiency, therefore the main condition is strict adherence to the required concentration.

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Clematis are quite unpretentious. They adapt to different climatic conditions, can tolerate severe frosts and heat. But root system doesn't like clematis high humidity and overheating, so the soil around the roots needs to be mulched. For spectacular flowering Clematis needs regular feeding.

Before boarding

Since clematis can grow in one place for a long time(more than thirty years), their comfortable existence must be taken care of even before planting. Prepared especially carefully for clematis landing hole.

Clematis receives its first fertilizers from it as soon as it moves into a new “house”. After laying the drainage (and the plant definitely needs drainage, since clematis roots do not tolerate rotting), the planting hole is filled with peat and humus (2 buckets each). It is also worth adding a bucket of sand, 1/2 liter of wood ash, 100 g of complex mineral fertilizer and superphosphate. Clematis prefer neutral, alkaline soil. Therefore, when planting, it is good to add 100 g of dolomite flour.

Five meals a day

In the first year after planting, clematis does not need to be fed. In the second year, the first feeding is carried out as soon as the shoots emerge - in May. During the growing season, which is quite long for clematis - from May to October, the plant must be fed 5 times.

The first feeding - in May - is given with a solution of ammonium nitrate. You can dilute the fertilizer with water (2 g per 10 l), or you can simply scatter 200 g of granular fertilizer around the bush and lightly work it into the soil.

The second feeding is done after 7-10 days. This time clematis needs organic matter. Fresh manure should never be used. Such fertilizing will destroy the plant. Fertilize clematis a second time with a weak infusion of mullein (1:10) or chicken droppings diluted with water 1:15.

If organic fertilizers no, you can replace them with an infusion of fermented herbs (1:10) or prepare a solution of urea (10 g per 10 liters of water). Fertilizers that contain chlorine cannot be used for clematis.

The third feeding is carried out after 10-14 days - with a complete complex fertilizer (“Kemira universal”). Prepare a solution - 1 tbsp. for 10 liters of water. The next feeding is necessary for the plant during the budding period. It is carried out with phosphorus-potassium fertilizer, according to the instructions on the package.

Fifth and last feeding given after the end of mass flowering and pruning of clematis - 1 tbsp. complex fertilizer for 10 liters of water. Throughout the season, the soil under the clematis is watered with lime milk.