PVC pipe for cable in the ground. Pipes for laying cables in the ground

To protect communication lines when laying wires, it is most often used for cables in the ground. Its use as a protective shell eliminates the risk of damage to products during the construction of highways and during their operation.

Low pressure can protect wires (including power cables) from the effects of soil, mechanical shocks, and stray currents. Read on to find out which ones are used to protect utility networks and how to choose the right ones.

Reasons for the high popularity of products

The most popular method of arranging electrical, communication, signaling and other networks is laying cables underground. And most often it is in the HDPE pipe. Therefore, manufacturers strive to make the range of manufactured polyethylene products as diverse as possible. special purpose. Despite the fact that this method of laying cables and wires is quite expensive, it is considered very popular.

Laying cables in the ground allows you to prevent a variety of problems that are possible during the operation of utility networks.

The reasons for the growing popularity of these collectors in the construction of underground highways are:

1. Reduced risk of line damage external factors(for example, in adverse weather conditions).
2. Protection from vandals and frost.
3. Fire due to short circuit is excluded.

What types of products can be used to protect wires?

On the building materials market you can find all kinds of products that are suitable for laying utility lines in the ground. These can be not only HDPE collectors, but also PVC pipes, asbestos or asbestos-cement, steel. However, most often it is polyethylene materials that are used to protect the wire and power lines underground.

HDPE pipes (pipe for cable in the ground) come in several types:

1. or heavy
2. Hard with a smooth shell
3. (with 2 walls)
4. Halogen-free.

The main types of pipes that can be used in the ground.

Collectors representing one type or another are designed for specific purposes. For example, products with double walls can be used for underground wiring, one of which is corrugated, and the second is a LDPE sheath. Corrugated pipe is not suitable for laying cables in the ground. Even though it is characterized by increased elasticity and strength.

You can understand what certain materials are used for by looking at the markings on the product. It indicates (GOST, shell diameter and thickness, strength, nominal pressure indicator, product class and sometimes its purpose).

If you need an HDPE pipe for underground cables, consider its purpose further application and technical specifications. Thus, corrugated material is suitable for hidden electrical wires in rooms. Usually these are highways that are created during the arrangement of houses and run into the walls or ceiling. The most durable DSK corrugated collectors can even be used in the construction of a utility network in the floor (for pouring concrete or cement).

Depending on the number of cables in the intended network, the pipe may have different diameters. For example, if 2-3 wires with a cross-section of 95 mm² are laid, a product with an internal diameter of 63 mm can be used. They are sold in 15 m coils or in separate sections.

If it is necessary to lay a line of 2-5 cables with a cross-section of 25 mm² each, you can use collectors with an internal hole of 32, 40 or 50 mm, etc. Some manufacturers offer HDPE manifolds with large diameters ranging from 160 mm to 250 mm. Such materials are sold in 12 m lengths or 100 m (200 m) coils.

Installation methods and features

Laying cables in pipes can be carried out above ground or underground. It is also practiced to lay sheathed cables indoors. If you need to arrange electrical or communication system in a residential building, before carrying out work you should familiarize yourself with the features of the process. First of all, it is recommended to lay networks at temperatures down to -30⁰С.

It is necessary to ensure the tightness of all joints and nodes on the line to eliminate the risk of moisture and other contaminants getting inside the collector. If the operating conditions of the network suggest the formation of condensation in the pipe, additionally install a draw-through pipe to collect excess liquid.

Having made sure that such points have been taken into account, you can proceed to the next stage of work. Laying a cable in the ground in a HDPE pipe is not a very labor-intensive process, the main part of which is digging trenches. After preparing a recess of the required size, the collector is first laid, and then the cable is inserted into it. After inspecting the lines for damage and depressurization of nodes, developers fill the structure with sand and earth. Finally, warning tape can be laid around the entire perimeter.

Valuable product qualities

HDPE pipes designed for cables and their protection in the ground (their price is relatively low, if we take into account their long service life) have a huge number of valuable qualities:

• lightweight and easy to guide the cable using a probe;
• possibility of underground wiring with large radius angles;
• resistance to different conditions operation (from mechanical stress to temperature changes);
• possibility of operation for 50 years or more;
• light weight;
• use without additional grounding, etc.

As you can see, the use of HDPE pipes when laying underground utility lines is the key to their successful and reliable operation. Therefore, it is important to choose the right collector and take into account all the nuances of its use.

The video demonstrates testing corrugated materials for PVC and HDPE electrical wiring for fire:

When laying electrical cables, it is imperative to take care of their protection, regardless of whether communications are installed outdoors or in a building. The most common material used to protect communication networks are HDPE pipes (pipes made of low-density polyethylene), providing reliable protection from any external influences. What kind of pipes the cable is laid in the ground will be discussed in this article.

Production of HDPE pipes

As a feedstock for production corrugated pipes LDPE and MDPE polyethylene is used. Pipes that are not subject to combustion or are difficult to ignite, in addition to polyethylene, contain a fire retardant.

Production method polyethylene pipes is extrusion. All work is carried out using high-tech equipment that automatically monitors quality finished products. Close control and tracking of performance indicators allows you to optimize the costs of raw materials, minimize the likelihood of defective production and reduce the cost of final products.

HDPE pipes consist of one layer, characterized by a smooth surface. Such a pipe does not pass electricity, has excellent strength characteristics and can withstand exposure to most aggressive chemicals. The standard color of polyethylene pipes is black. Flexible HDPE pipes are well suited for installing electrical networks in a building.

HDPE pipes for laying cables in the ground

Pad electric cable underground can be done using the following types of HDPE pipes:

• Lightweight corrugated;
• Heavy corrugated;
• Halogen-free;
• Rigid smooth-walled;
• Double-walled.

To give the corrugated pipe greater rigidity, you can use metal wire as a reinforcing element. Double wall pipes feature a smooth polyethylene inner lining and a corrugated top layer. Such a device has an increased degree of ring rigidity, which provides the structure with additional strength.

Smooth-walled pipes are best option for installation of electrical cables, which greatly simplifies the process of laying communications. The ease of installation is also supported by the low weight of polyethylene products, the installation of which does not require complex and bulky equipment. Pipe connection technology involves the use of couplings without sockets.

Double-layer corrugated pipes have all the advantages of polyethylene products, including the ability to be installed at sub-zero temperatures. Standard pipe for laying cables in the ground can last more than 50 years, which is considered a very good indicator in comparison with other building materials.

Classification of HDPE pipes for cable laying

When laying electrical networks, standard black pipes are usually used. A corrugated pipe for laying in the ground is excellent for arranging various communications whose power does not exceed 1 kW - and these are telephone and television cables, computer and household electrical networks.

Cable installation can be done in three ways:

• Open;
• Half-hidden;
• Hidden.

All these methods are used to one degree or another both on the street and in the building. The corrugated pipe for laying cables in the ground has all the necessary characteristics, including high strength, flexibility, and the ability to change linear dimensions and ease of installation contribute greatly to this.

Polyethylene pipes can be produced with or without a probe (broach). A broach is a special structural element that allows you to pass the cable along the inner surface of the pipe. Pipes with a probe are very convenient and can significantly reduce the time required to lay a communication line.

In addition, pulling the cable in a pipe can be done using special devices, but this is very difficult and requires special equipment. Pipes that do not have a broach are quite suitable for reusable, but laying the cable in it requires a lot of labor.

Technical characteristics of HDPE pipes

According to the standards, ready product must not have any damage - various sagging, swelling, cracks and other defects are not allowed. In addition, the pipe should not delaminate. Interior pipes must be perfectly smooth, and the outer one must have a uniform structure.

Any HDPE pipe for cable laying must have a high degree of wear resistance. Polyethylene products are able to withstand internal pressure up to 20-38 MPa with a linear expansion coefficient of 140 Pa, depending on the type of pipe.

The working pressure value for different types pipes is as follows:

• Lungs electrical pipes– 0.25 MPa;
• Medium light – 0.4 MPa;
• Medium HDPE pipes – 0.6 MPa;
• Heavy pipes – 1 MPa.

Advantages of HDPE pipes

Among the advantages of HDPE pipes, one cannot fail to note their long service life, which under reasonable operating conditions reaches 50 years. To a large extent, this is due to the complete resistance of polyethylene products to corrosion and aggressive environments, as well as the absence of condensation on the surface of the pipe. Working temperature plastic pipes, at which they do not lose their characteristics, ranges from -25 to +70 degrees.

Installation of small diameter pipes is quite simple and does not require the use of special equipment. Various connecting elements are also not required - the possibility of free bending (of course, within reasonable limits) allows you to lay the pipeline in almost any conditions. Besides, polymer pipes They are not current conductors, so their installation does not require grounding, and their non-flammability prevents the structure from burning even in the event of a short circuit.

Marking of low pressure polyethylene pipes

All HDPE pipes must be marked in accordance with the standards. Labeling not only allows you to classify different types pipes, but also makes it possible to control the quality of products - the applied markings are a guarantee of the suitability of the material for use.

Each pipe has symbols that display the trademark or full name of the manufacturing company. Labeling can be carried out according to national or international standards. The next element is the material of manufacture. For example, a pipe made of PE 80 is displayed as MRS 8. The pipe must also have a designation of the minimum wall thickness, outer diameter and nominal pressure (bar).

A separate paragraph may indicate the suitability of the pipe for the construction of a gas pipeline network or transportation drinking water. The last marking point is the batch number and date of manufacture of the pipe.

HDPE pipes are divided into six classes, with the following designations:

• Heavy - T;
• Medium-heavy - ST;
• Medium-lightweight – OS;
• Average – C;
• Medium light – SL;
• Lungs – L.

Selecting HDPE pipes for cable laying

You need to choose the protective material for laying cables in the ground wisely. Perhaps the most important parameter to consider when choosing is the number and dimensions of the communication network wires. There is a direct relationship between these indicators and pipe sizes, which can be understood if we take a closer look at the most popular standard sizes corrugated HDPE pipes

When choosing a material, you need to know exactly the dimensions of the pipes. The diameter of standard polymer products can vary from 16 to 225 mm. Pipes with a small cross-section (up to 90 mm) are produced in coils, the length of which can be 100 or 200 m. If the diameter exceeds 90 mm, then the length of single pipe sections is 12 m.

To assess the strength of a pipe, you need to know what the SDR parameter is equal to. To calculate this parameter you need to divide external diameter by wall thickness. Strength based on this parameter is assessed simply: the lower the calculation result, the greater the mechanical strength of the product.

Features of laying technical pipes

Technical pipes can be laid outdoors, underground and in any buildings. When laying protection in a building, the pipeline should not be located openly, but installed in concrete, brick or plasterboard walls.

The main nuances that arise during work are as follows:

1. Installation of polyethylene pipes is possible at an ambient temperature of at least -30 degrees.
2. If the structure will be laid in a trench whose depth exceeds two meters, you need to take care of a protective concrete channel 80-100 cm thick.
3. If the pipeline is horizontal, the protection can be firmly concreted into the foundation.
4. When laying HDPE pipes for cables in the ground, it is necessary to ensure the tightness of all connections - this will protect the structure from various contaminants getting into it. For connection individual parts pipes are best suited compression couplings and butt welding. Using fittings in the pipeline design, you can simplify installation and increase the reliability of the connection.
5. In the event that the structure will operate in conditions where condensation may occur, care must be taken to install a draw-out tube that will collect moisture.

Laying electrical cables in structures

When settling in hidden wiring It is quite possible to use smooth or corrugated pipes - there is not a single standard that would prohibit such protection.

The installation procedure for HDPE pipe is as follows:

• First you need to mark all the points through which the cable will pass;
• The pipe is fixed in accordance with the selected trajectory;
• An electrical cable is pulled through the pipe;
• The structure is covered with a concrete screed if the pipeline is on the floor, or with plaster if the communication is located on the ceiling or wall. Laying the cable in a pipe allows you to later repair or update the wiring without compromising the integrity of the surface under which the pipeline is located.

If desired, pipes can be attached to the floor using metal brackets, and holders with a latch are suitable for fixing the structure to the wall or ceiling. In any case, when laying the cable, you need to make sure that there is no tension.

When arranging communications indoors, you can use connecting elements for installing sections of pipeline, but best choice there will still be corrugated elements - this will avoid kinks in the smooth pipe, due to which the material can be deformed.

Laying cables outdoors

The need to lay cables outdoors often arises on your own land plots. Of course, we are also talking about protecting the electrical network. Before laying the cable in HDPE pipes, you need to make sure that there is no damage to its structure.

Laying HDPE pipe for cable in the ground is as follows:

• First you need to mark a trench of suitable dimensions and dig it;
• A pre-selected HDPE pipe is laid in the trench for underground laying cable;
• There is a cable in the pipe (there should be no tension);
• After pulling the cable, the pipe is covered with a 10 cm layer of sand and a 15 cm layer of soil.

To ensure that the laid cable can be found in the future, it is worth leaving a warning tape or similar material above it. When laying pipes in the ground, it is advisable to refrain from connecting them using couplings and other connecting elements - they can cause a seal failure. The fittings can only be used to enter the electrical line into the building.

Trenchless method of laying cables in the ground

In some situations, it is not possible to prepare a trench for laying a protective pipeline. In this case, it is possible to lay the cable in the pipe only with the help of special equipment that makes it possible to implement a trenchless installation method, for which the soil is drilled horizontally - HDD drilling technology, which often has no alternative. Before work, in addition to preparing the equipment, it is necessary to obtain a drilling permit and conduct a geological analysis of the soil.

Cable laying in a protective pipe is carried out according to the following algorithm:

• First, a pilot well is drilled;
• The size of the well increases;
• A HDPE pipe with an electrical cable inserted into it is installed in the well.

When drilling a well, the soil is punctured, through which a solution will be supplied into the ground, filling the well, adding strength to it and cooling the tool during operation. To expand the well, a trimmer is used, which is installed on the equipment instead of the previously used drill head. Installation of HDPE pipes into the well is also carried out using equipment.

Horizontal drilling technology has one significant drawback - the work requires specific skills and equipment. Because of this, only companies specializing in soil drilling are able to implement this method.

Conclusion

HDPE pipe for laying cables in the ground allows you to protect electric line from possible damage caused by external factors. Polyethylene products have all the necessary characteristics and have affordable price, so they should be considered first.

Work on laying communications is always associated with the risk of subsequent damage. In other words, the wiring can be damaged both by the soil itself and by the builders if the work is carried out carelessly. To prevent such cases, a special HDPE pipe for the cable was created, which is designed to protect it and protect people from electric shock.

The first and most basic feature is that electrical equipment is created from dielectric materials. That is, it serves as an additional protective layer, which is designed to protect others and the cable itself from dangerous, extraneous influences.

Also, the design of the product allows you to protect the cable from mechanical damage during operation. This guarantees an increase in service life.

Additionally, it is worth noting that for different types of installation, products of different designs are used. For example, when pulling power cables through the air, a corrugated HDPE pipe is used, without additional reinforcement or reinforcement - this makes it possible to minimize the weight of the structure and reduce the load on the suspended elements. The main purpose of such protection is to minimize ultraviolet flux, which can destroy the insulating layer.

For underground installation of communications, high-strength HDPE pipes are used, often with additional reinforcement. This is necessary to effectively withstand soil pressure and other factors, for example, carelessness of builders (often, cables are touched by bulldozer buckets when performing excavation work).

Advantages of using HDPE pipes

The cable pipe made of low-density polyethylene has a number of features that make its use optimal for various methods gaskets Below is a list of the main advantages.

• Low cost - this type is much cheaper than traditional materials.
• Low weight of HDPE products - much less than metal ones.
• Long service life - more than 50 years.
• High flexibility. The materials used have increased resistance to bending, but we must not forget about the possibility of drawing wiring strands. If the bend is too strong, the wire will not be able to be mounted correctly.
• Providing sufficient technical opening to allow the addition of new wiring.
• Easy to install.
• HDPE casings of relatively small diameter do not require soldering at the ends, which eliminates the need to use complex equipment.
• Does not corrode or age.
• High resistance to significant temperature changes.

This is not a complete list of significant advantages for the use of these materials.

Advantages of corrugated pipe

Is one of the most popular building materials facilitating the laying of communications.

As a means of increasing the reliability and comfort of installation, additional reinforcement with steel wire can be used - this gives it additional ring rigidity. The corrugation, strengthened in this way, can perfectly withstand the pressure of several meters of soil and perfectly withstand natural factors.

Corrugated covers are also double-walled. The inner surface is smooth and provides good gliding when pulling. The outer part is corrugated, providing significant resistance to aggressive environments.

Special mention is due to the fact that corrugated products can take any shape, as well as their good elasticity. For example, metal protection can bend and burst at the point of application of force, which will lead to moisture penetration into the wiring, but this one does not - it will simply bend, but the integrity will not be compromised. Thanks to this, it is possible to lay non-linear channels, which is especially useful when space is tight or there are specific construction conditions.

The most effective use is on difficult soils, such as rocky, earthquake-prone or moving soils.

It should also be noted that it is resistant to temperature changes. The optimal parameters for installation are temperatures from – 20 to + 70°C.

Types of HDPE technical pipes for cables

Laying any engineering communications related to electrical wiring requires impeccable implementation of strictly prescribed norms and rules. Typically, a technical HDPE pipe for a cable is selected exclusively for certain operating conditions. Failure to comply with requirements can have serious consequences.

Such main channels are divided into technical and electrical. These types differ in scope, purpose, as well as technical indicators.

Smooth HDPE technical pipes for cable

Smooth HDPE pipes for electrical installation work are manufactured using recycled materials, which significantly reduces production costs and also minimizes the harmful impact on environment. As a negative factor, this technology changes the characteristics and color of the final product, however, this has a slight effect on performance.

The scope of application of this type of pipe is quite specific - they are usually used for distributing communications along the walls or floors of rooms.

In practice, it looks something like this: a smooth electrical HDPE pipe is mounted in a wall groove or the base of a floor screed. Next, the ends of the main line are brought into place, after which the gate is closed. This creates a free channel for wires and communications. The final stage is drawing the power cores, cutting off excess edges, and installing control plugs that serve to seal the terminals.

Electrical pipes

The second common type is often used as underground pipeline, laying power and communication cables. The main application lies in the use of cables up to 1 kW.

The special, corrugated design allows the HDPE pipe to withstand heavy loads, which is an indispensable factor in such work.

Remarkable. Each shell has its own purpose - the outer shell is a reinforced shell and serves as a solid basis for maintaining the shape of the product. The inner part is made of a different type of material. It is smooth and acts as a sliding layer to facilitate wire pulling.

The design also involves division into pipes with or without a probe. The probe itself is designed to make it easier to pull wires through the pipe; it usually looks like a steel core to which the wire is attached. Then, by pulling out the flock, it is replaced with a wire.

Important! Despite the significant resistance to mechanical loads, it is not recommended to lay SIP type wire in a HDPE pipe. This can cause a decrease in its service life and also lead to an accident.

Technical parameters of pipes

When manufacturing any type of hoses, strict compliance with all requirements and characteristics is a prerequisite. These requirements are clearly stated in specific documents. For example, GOST 16338 defines the requirements for the manufacture of low pressure with markings 271, 273, 276, 277, and 286. And GOST 16337 applies to products marked as - 10803-020, 15303-003, 15803-20, 16803-170 .

Additionally, damage to the integrity of layers, blisters, cracks or other material defects is not allowed.

Important! The appearance of roughness on the internal walls is not allowed. It is also not permissible to violate the uniformity of the outer layer, both on corrugated and on smooth HDPE pipes

Also, PE pipes are additionally divided according to their nominal pressure.

• Light electrical - 0.25 MPa.
• Medium light - 0.4 MPa.
• Average - 0.6 mPa.
• Heavy – 1 mPa.

Non-standard devices are manufactured individually according to customer requirements.

Marking of pipes for laying electrical cables

Manufacturers carefully monitor the need for markings. Such designations allow you to clearly identify a particular type of work, and also indicate technical characteristics.

The first and important difference is the absence of a special color strip along the entire length. Typically, such markings are applied only to water pipes and. In addition, a quality mark and a manufacturer’s identifier must be applied, by which you can determine who produced the product and when.

There are also weight markings that are comparable to their strength.

• T - heavy;
• ST – moderate severity;
• OS – medium-light;
• SL – medium light;
• L – lungs.

Next, the number is applied generally accepted standard, the cross-section, thickness, number of wall layers and nominal pressure are indicated.

Typically, electrical pipe HDPE PE for laying cables of PE types 63, 80 and 100 is marked as MRS6.3 and 8, 10.

How to choose pipes for cable laying

In order to correctly select HDPE pipes for electrical wiring, it is necessary to take into account generally accepted values, as well as the number of wires laid in them. To accurately determine the diameter of a technical HDPE pipe for cables of different sections, use the table:

Thus, you need to understand that the number of supposed cores increases the flow area of ​​the hose.

Methods and rules for laying HDPE pipes

Depending on the location, methods and rules for laying hoses made of low-pressure plastic vary radically. Therefore, it is necessary to consider each type separately.

Laying pipes inside buildings

At the stage of rough work, the wall is tapped and pipes are placed in it for pulling

Usually, when installing hidden wiring, a smooth or corrugated pipe is used for the cable - this is not prohibited by technical standards or GOSTs.

For wall installation, it is most convenient to use smooth pipes; for flooring, corrugated ones.

The principle and sequence of actions are given below.

• The required location is marked.
• Fixation is carried out, in the wall with clamps, in the floor with metal brackets.
• The wire is pulled using a special probe or.
• Next, the floor screed is poured or the groove in the wall is closed.

Important! When installing the wiring, tension on the cables is not allowed; you need to give a little slack to allow shrinkage.

Methods of laying in the ground

The technology of underground laying of HDPE pipelines is very relevant in modern realities. This method allows you to reliably cover the veins and ensure a neat appearance of the building.

Separately, for laying cables in the ground, the methods described below are used.

Trenchless method of laying in the ground

This type requires special attention and painstakingness from builders. Due to the extreme labor intensity of the process, it is used extremely rarely, only when absolutely necessary.

The essence of the method is to drill a horizontal well through which communications will then be installed.

Before carrying out work, a special permit is obtained and the composition of the soil is analyzed.

Thus, in order to place a cable in a pipe underground, it is necessary to perform a number of mandatory actions. The basic operation sequence is shown below.

• A pilot well is being drilled. This is done with a thin drill to mark the main trajectory.
• The pilot hole is expanded to the required diameter.
• A PE sleeve is pulled into the passage.
• The cable is being installed.

The main disadvantage of the technology is the significant labor intensity and complexity of the process.

Laying outdoors in a trench

Cable layer

Laying electrical cables in a trench is the simplest in terms of technical feasibility. After selecting the necessary wiring and pipes for laying the HDPE pipeline underground, the following sequence of actions is performed.

• The site is being marked.
• A trench of suitable size is dug.
• The covers are being laid.
• A wire is pulled along the sleeve.
• Next, a sand layer about 15–20 cm thick is applied.
• The trench is completely buried.

Important! Immediately before installation, the wires must be carefully examined for damage to the integrity of the insulation.

Installation of cable under the road

When it comes to installation under a road section, it is necessary to coordinate the actions with local authorities.

There are two methods for this operation.

• Trenchless method.
• Trench method.

The first type is described above, so there is no need to go deeper.

Regarding the second type, there are several specific requirements, which are discussed below.

• The depth of the trench should not be less than 1 meter. This is due to the heavy load on the ground.
• Mandatory placement of indicator elements to prevent accidental breakage.
• The cores are located at a distance of at least 10 cm from each other.

Subtleties of laying technical pipes

Depending on the individual characteristics of the method of laying the polyethylene pipe. There are several subtleties that you need to know in advance.

• Installation work can be carried out at temperatures down to - 25℃.
• With the trench method, if the depth exceeds 2 meters, additional protection is provided in the form of a horizontal shaft, which is created from concrete or brick.
• Concreting of horizontal wiring is allowed.
• Mandatory sealing of connections underground.
• In cases where condensation is suspected, measures are taken to remove it.

Bottom line

Using quality materials, you can significantly extend the service life of communications. The use of HDPE profiles for this type of work significantly reduces the cost of resources and time for their maintenance, and also guarantees safety for others.

The video shows a simple and original way pulling the cable into the pipe using a vacuum cleaner.

During the installation of communication networks, HDPE cable pipe is very often used as a protective sheath. It is often used when laying power lines. HDPE pipe very reliably protects the cable from the influence of stray currents, aggressive soil influence and mechanical damage.

Cable installation technology depends on the location and purpose of utility networks.

Application of HDPE pipes for installation of communications For laying power lines and other utilities, different types of HDPE pipes are used. They differ design features

1. and technical parameters: When laying an electrical cable in brick wall
2. or floor screed use a smooth black HDPE pipe. Products with corrugated outside used for hidden, semi-hidden and open method for telephone, electrical, computer and television networks operating from direct or alternating current electrical voltage, the value of which is less than 1000 Volts. Electrical equipment
3. To lay cables in the ground, HDPE pipes with a corrugated surface are used, which are characterized by high strength and elasticity, as well as ease of installation and the ability to restore the lost shape.

Depending on the product specification, it may be equipped with a probe. The probe is a special design designed for pulling a cable inside a pipe. Using it, you can reduce the time of laying communications and power networks.

In the absence of a probe, the cable is pulled using special reusable equipment. In this case, the labor intensity of the process increases slightly, and there is also a need to purchase technical equipment. In this case, HDPE pipes for cables that do not have a pull can be used several times. This is especially true with frequent repairs of communication systems.

Among the companies producing HDPE pipes for laying cables, DKS is now the most popular. This manufacturer produces Octopus corrugated pipes, which are used to install hidden wiring inside a building. In addition, DKS produces various boxes and accessories that allow the installation of communications in full compliance with established rules.

Advantages of HDPE pipes

Compared to metal protective casings, HDPE cable pipe will cost the owner much less. This is evidenced by the fact that for laying power lines and other communications it is not necessary to use products manufactured in accordance with the requirements state standard. For these purposes, production from recycled materials is quite acceptable. Technical HDPE pipe is made from industrial waste mixed with various polyethylene additives. This slightly changes the performance and color of the product, but makes it possible to significantly reduce manufacturing costs, thereby reducing the cost.

Besides, communication pipes made of low-density polyethylene have the following advantages:

• Individual sections of the structure can be connected without the use of welding equipment;
• The service life of the product under normal conditions exceeds 50 years;
• Pipes are lightweight compared to metal protective casings;
• They have a high electrical insulation rate, so they do not require grounding;
• Do not lose their quality due to aggressive environments and corrosion;
• They retain their characteristics even in aggressive operating conditions and can withstand temperature changes from -25 to +70 degrees Celsius;
• They do not release condensation onto the surface and do not produce toxic substances.

The cable inside the HDPE pipe can be laid along any desired path without the use of connecting elements, because the polymer bends very well. It is especially easy to change the design of small diameter products. At the same time, you should not bend the HDPE pipes very much, because this may cause a crease and it will not be possible to stretch the cable.

Electrical cable laying technologies

The technical features of installing HDPE pipes depend on the conditions of its use and the location of the cable. These characteristics influence the list of equipment used and required design elements.

• Installation in fencing structures

Indoor electrical cable, closed by pipe HDPE is laid using the following technology:

1. The location of the cable is outlined;
2. The pipe is fixed, and it can be attached to the floor using metal brackets, and to the walls and ceiling with special fastening elements with a latch;
3. The cable is pulled so that it is positioned freely, without tension;
4. The structure on the floor is filled with concrete screed, and in the ceiling or wall it is sealed with plaster or other materials, depending on the size protective casing.

Using HDPE pipes, you can reduce the length of electrical wiring and carry out cable re-tensioning and repair work without the possibility of damaging the surface of walls and ceilings.

When installing communications inside a building, you can use different kinds connecting parts for fastening individual elements of the protective case: couplings, bends and other components. However, elements with a corrugated surface are most in demand for turning in places where the structure passes through the floor slab or transition between different planes. In this case, a polyethylene pipe can be bent even at a right angle, which cannot be done without using additional elements designs. According to current instructions for installing hidden electrical wiring located inside walls or floors made of non-combustible materials, the use of corrugated and smooth HDPE pipes is allowed.

• Laying HDPE pipes in the ground

This technology is in great demand when laying communications in private homes and dachas. Before starting work, you need to carefully inspect the cable and check the integrity of the protective casing. If the shell is damaged protective function polyethylene pipes will lose its meaning.

1. Make markings and dig a trench of the required depth;
2. A polyethylene pipe will be placed in the hole the right size with or without broaching;
3. The cable is pulled and laid in such a way that it is positioned freely;
4. The pipe is covered with a layer of sand about 10 centimeters thick, and then with earth to a depth of 15 centimeters.

To quickly find the location of the cable, you can lay a special signal tape over it.

When using HDPE pipes to lay power networks underground, it is advisable not to use couplings and other connecting elements, because this may impair the sealing of the system. Do not forget that the use of fittings when leading the cable into a building is mandatory. To lay a cable on a straight section, it is best to use solid parts with a cross-sectional diameter of more than 4 millimeters. If the section is too long, then to tighten the electrical cable you need to use an elastic metal wire or a special nylon broach. Initially, they are launched into the pipe, and then the tied cable is tightened.

• Cable laying without trench

To lay electrical cables located in places with difficult accessibility, trenchless installation technology is used. Most often it is used utility services, because it is performed using special equipment and sophisticated technology. The essence of this method of laying cables is horizontal drilling, which allows you to lay communications underground without disturbing the surface layer of the soil. Initially, the composition of the soil is studied, after which it is necessary to obtain permission to carry out such work. Afterwards, the installation of the cable in the HDPE pipe begins, which includes the following steps:

1. Drilling a pilot well. The soil is punctured using a drill head that has built-in radiation and a bevel in the front part. As it enters the ground, a mixture is supplied through special holes to fill the well. It reduces the likelihood of collapse and cools hot equipment.
2. The well is expanded using a rimmer, which replaces the drill head.
3. Laying HDPE pipes with cable inside. The structure is pulled into the well using a drilling rig.

The main disadvantage of horizontal directional drilling technology is the complexity of the process, therefore, when carrying out such work, it is necessary to enter into an agreement with specialized organizations that have staff and the necessary equipment to carry out such work.

Laying the cable with the protection of low-pressure polyethylene pipes ensures reliable protection of the communication system for a long time, but do not forget about the installation instructions, because even a little negligence can ruin all the work.

HDPE pipe for laying cables in the ground

When choosing a product, you must pay attention to two characteristics of the pipe: the diameter of the pipe and its type.

Diameter internal section pipes must be at least one and a half times the outer diameter for cables with stranded conductors and twice the outer diameter for cables with single-wire conductors.

In each of these cases, for cables up to 10 kV, pipes with an internal diameter of less than 50 millimeters for a length of up to 5 meters and less than 100 millimeters for a longer structure cannot be used. For example, if you need to lay a cable with a small cross-section over a distance of 6 meters, then you need to use pipes with a diameter of more than 100 millimeters. When designing networks of particular importance, it is recommended to use double-walled HDPE pipes with a diameter of 110 millimeters, even in cases where some sections are less than 5 meters in length. Even though this leads to unnecessary costs, since pipes with smaller diameter and their installation is cheaper, this gives confidence in the reliability and durability of the system.

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Laying cables in the ground is a fairly popular method of installing lines, despite the high costs. Air lines are constantly exposed to different natural factors, especially suffer when strong winds and icing. Repair work on the lines lead to serious costs, and the damage from the downtime of enterprises left without electricity can amount to fantastic amounts. Laying by trenching also has its own nuances; it requires the use of earth-moving equipment and additional protection from accidental damage. Today, pipes are increasingly used for laying cables in the ground, protecting them from rodents, high humidity, mechanical impact. The use of pipes is regulated by SNiPs and GOSTs; for each type of cable, its own types of these products are recommended. Yes, for laying power cable Steel pipes cannot be used, but they are quite suitable for control cables.

Range of pipes used for cable laying

For a long time, only steel and asbestos-cement pipes were used to protect cables laid in the ground. The disadvantage of the first of them was the lack of protection in case of cable breakdown. Asbestos-cement pipes are heavy, fragile and contain a mineral that is far from safe for human health - asbestos. That is why, with the advent of plastic pipes, they became the main material used for laying cables. Among their advantages:

• low dead weight;
• high strength and durability;
• good insulating properties;
• not subject to corrosion and rotting.

Currently, pipes for laying cables in the ground are made from high or low pressure polyethylene, polypropylene and PVC. All these materials have excellent performance characteristics. The use of pipes with different wall thicknesses, smooth or corrugated, allows you to choose optimal material for each specific type of cable. HDPE pipes for laying cables in the ground are very popular; they are available in the following types:

• light corrugated;
• heavy corrugated;
• halogen-free;
• smooth-walled rigid;
• double-walled

Corrugated pipes for laying cables in the ground can be reinforced with steel wire to give them additional strength.

Double-wall pipes: a combination of practicality and ease of installation

IN last years Products such as those for laying cables in the ground have proven their effectiveness. This system consists of a corrugated shell made of low-density polyethylene and a smooth inner shell made of polyethylene high pressure. The pipe has high ring rigidity, which allows it to withstand significant loads. The smooth inner wall makes cable installation as simple as possible, increasing the pace of work. Despite its two-layer structure, the double-wall corrugated pipe for laying cables in the ground is lightweight, which greatly simplifies its transportation and installation in a trench. Installation of this type of pipe can be carried out in a wide range of temperatures, allowing it to work even in winter frosts. Double layer pipe It has high stability to ultraviolet, aggressive chemicals, which expands the scope of its application and simplifies storage. Simple couplings without sockets are used for connections, which makes installation simpler, cheaper and more reliable. The service life of corrugated double-layer pipes is at least 50 years, but in practice it is much longer.