Materials for cladding the plinth: what is used in modern decoration. Finishing the basement of a private house: materials, options, methods, which is better Material for performing basement work

The basement of a house does not do so much decorative function, how much practical. In many cases, it serves to reduce heat loss (it is specially insulated), and also prevents the spread of atmospheric and underground moisture to the walls of the house. It also transfers the load from the walls to the foundation - if the foundation is strip or slab. Therefore, the cladding of the basement of a house should be not only beautiful, but also functional. The finishing material is also selected in accordance with this task.

When to start finishing the basement

It is best to finish the base after the blind area around the house has been made. In this case, the finishing material will hang over the path. As a result, even the most slanting rain or streams of water flowing down the walls will not be able to get between the wall and the blind area - the water hits the path at a distance of several centimeters from the joint. It is through this joint that water penetrates to the foundation, bringing dampness and other problems.

You need to start cladding the basement of the house after the blind area around the house has been made

One more thing. Many people are thinking about whether to insulate the basement or not. If you want to save on heating, the answer is to insulate it, just like the blind area. The unit for insulation and cladding of the base - one of the options - is shown in the photo below.

When installing an insulated base, EPS boards are laid under the finishing

Using ground floor As a residential property, there are no questions regarding insulation, since the answer is clear - of course, insulate it. But even if you don’t have a subfloor, heating costs will be much lower, and the floor in the house will become much warmer.

How to cover the basement of a house

There are a lot of materials for finishing the base. Main requirements: moisture resistance, frost resistance, strength. The following materials satisfy these requirements:

• Natural stones (flagstone) sawn into plates or chipped, so-called “torn stone”:
  • sandstone (plastic);
  • granite;
  • marble;
  • slate;
  • dolomite;
  • shugnit.
• Small cobblestone.
• Large river pebbles.
• Clinker tiles (clinker bricks).
• Paving slabs.
• Porcelain tiles.
• Finishing brick.
• Facade panels, basement siding, PVC panels (these are all names of the same material).
• Plaster (decorative and “under a fur coat”).
• Profiled sheeting.

Some of them cost a lot, some are insignificant, but all of them can be used. Select the material based on financial capabilities and previously used finishing materials— the aesthetic component also plays an important role. About technologies for finishing plinths different materials and the speech will begin.

Preparation and insulation

First of all, if the existing base is uneven, its surface is leveled with plaster. The solution for plastering the plinth is cement-sand: for 1 part of cement (Portland cement M 400) take 4 parts of clean construction sand, preferably river sand. For greater plasticity, you can add a little lime or liquid soap(per bucket of solution 50-80 g). The solution should be of medium thickness so that it does not creep off the wall. There is another option - to use a special composition. For example, like the one in the video.

If tiles, stone or other similar material are then laid, after leveling the mortar, notches are made on its surface with the tip of a trowel (trowel). They are applied in the form of a grid over the entire surface. These shallow grooves will provide the necessary support for the finish.

If the base is insulated, notches are not needed. EPS (extruded polystyrene foam) or polystyrene boards are glued directly onto the plastered surface. They are light and adhere well to glue. Their surface is coated with diluted tile adhesive and presses against the plaster. Finishing materials are then attached to the surface prepared in this way.

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Painting, plastering and “fur coat”

In principle, if the plaster is well leveled, after the solution has dried, the surface can be painted and stop there. This is an inexpensive but viable option. If you used façade paint that is intended for outdoor use, the base will look good for a couple of years. Then you'll have to old paint remove and paint again to maintain appearance.

The next method is to apply a layer of decorative plaster on top of ordinary plaster. And again, choose those formulations that are intended for external use. They can be tinted in the desired color or taken colored ones. The only negative is that plasters are often porous and splashes of dirt that fall on the walls during bad weather have to be cleaned off with a brush and sometimes with detergent.

Types of decorative plaster for finishing the base: beautiful and relatively inexpensive

The method of finishing the base “like a fur coat” is still popular in some areas. This is when the solution is not applied in an even layer, but in small fragments. Previously, they did this with a broom made of twigs. They dipped it into a liquid solution and hit the stick with the handle so that the splashes flew onto the wall. This is how they made “fur coat” - a finish with a torn surface. Today there are special devices for applying plaster, powered by a compressor. With their help, it is easier to do such finishing.

Finishing the basement of a house using materials in the form of slabs or tiles is technologically more difficult. To prevent it from falling off, you need to know some subtleties.

Read how to cover a house with bricks here.

How to fix porcelain tiles or clinker tiles

If heavy materials such as porcelain tiles or clinker bricks are simply placed on glue, on a plastered surface with grooves, perhaps they will stick normally. And they can even stand for some time. Even several years. But then they will begin to fall off along with the solution. Especially in places where there are no grooves or they are of insufficient depth. To improve adhesion, you can apply a layer of impregnation that improves adhesion (grip), but this is not a guarantee, especially if the material is heavy.

The same picture will happen if you glue the materials directly onto the insulation. The surface is smooth, easy to glue. But after a while the finish will fall off. Faster than with a plastered surface. There is a video about this.

To prevent this from happening, it is necessary to secure a metal painting mesh, preferably galvanized. It is secured with dowels, placing a piece of galvanized steel on the dowel-nail, the size of which is larger than the size of the cell. They are attached at the top, bottom and in a checkerboard pattern in the middle. This creates a reliable basis for material of any weight.

Glue is applied to the base and to the tiles. On the tile, remove it with a notched trowel, put it in place, tap the trowel handle and put it in place, leveling the plane. The distance between the tiles is maintained using crosses, only their thickness is taken to be significant 3-5 mm.

In general, the installation technology is similar to laying tiles. The only difference is that the glue must be special for outdoor use. The second difference: finishing materials for the plinth begin to be laid from below: they are heavy and need support. You rest the bottom row on the blind area, the second row on it, etc.

Finishing the base of the house with natural stone (shell rock, granite, dolomite, slate)

No matter how attractive artificial shiny surfaces may seem, rough stone for some reason evokes great sympathy. But laying a rubble foundation is difficult and not everyone can do it well enough for a house to stand on it. But to finish the finished monolithic or prefabricated foundation Anyone can make natural stone with their own hands, especially if at least part of the work on building a house is done personally.

It is clear that no one will attach whole stones: the finish will be too heavy, and very voluminous. That’s why they came up with the idea to slab or chop stones. Depending on the technology, the result is either a smooth “flagstone” - with almost smooth surfaces, or a “torn stone” with an uneven front part. Sometimes these materials are cut into identical rectangles, sometimes they are left in the form of uneven plates, but in any case it is natural stone and the decoration of the base of the house from it turns out to be beautiful and waterproof.

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There is this material made from expensive stones, for example - marble, there is cheaper - slate, dolomite, shugnit, lemezite, granite, etc. They look very impressive. Especially if it is torn stone, although flagstone sometimes looks no worse.

Part of the offer of natural finishing stone in a specialized store

The preparation of the surface will be exactly the same: it is best to fill the plastered plinth with a painting mesh, and then lay the stone plates on it with glue. If they are smooth - natural stone with processed edges - the laying technology will be exactly the same as described above.

If the stone has torn edges, finishing the base of the house becomes more difficult: it is necessary to select plates of such a shape that the seams are not too large. When using this version of the finishing stone, you will need a grinder with a stone disc: most likely you will have to file the plates of the lower and upper rows. Correction will also be needed when decorating the corners. See the video for an example of this technology.

There is a second way. The plastered surface of the base is first coated with a compound to improve adhesion (adhesion), then fragments of finishing are installed on it with glue. They are fixed in a given position using scraps of the same stone or pieces of materials the right size. The seams remain unfilled. After the glue has “set,” the seams are filled with a thin solution from a construction syringe, rubbing and tearing out as necessary.

In any case, any glue that gets on the finish must be removed in a timely manner. It will be very difficult to do this with a frozen one, and the appearance of the glue is far from attractive.

Sometimes, for a clearer pattern, the seams between the stone plates are painted with dark paint. Then the surface is coated with protective impregnation. She gives light stone shine, and also often increases water-repellent properties.

For an example of cladding a plinth with natural stone using the second technology, see the following video.

About covering a house with siding is written here.

Facing with boulders or small cobblestones

It is not necessary to buy a boulder or cobblestone. You can collect it on a river or on a pebble beach at sea. Rolled stones are chosen to be flatter - round ones are more difficult to “mount”. The procedure and all other subtleties are almost the same as in the case of finishing with natural stone. The only difference is that these stones must be washed in water and detergent before use. Firstly, the water in our ponds may have oils in it and need to be removed, and secondly, there may be clay or algae in it which can cause the finish to fall off.

To make everything look organic, you can first lay out a “picture” of cobblestone cladding on the path next to the place where you will cladding the base. They have different shades and their random combinations are not always attractive. By laying everything out side by side you will have an idea of ​​what the end result will be.

Watch the video about the features of finishing the plinth with cobblestones.

How to install plastic (PVC) plinth panels

This type of finishing is called differently: basement or facade panels, basement siding. They have a varied appearance: under different types stone, tile, brick.

To install PVC panels on the base, you need to assemble a frame. It is made from wooden beam 50*50 mm. Since the finishing will be outdoors, the wood must be protected with impregnations that prevent rotting and protect against pests.

Whatever house is built, its entire structure is always based on on a solid foundation of one type or another. The importance of this structural element simply cannot be overestimated - it is it that takes on and distributes all the main weight loads. As a rule, the foundation always protrudes somewhat above the surface of the earth, forming the so-called basement part. And so the owner of the house inevitably faces the question - how to finish the base?

There are many options for solving this problem. But first of all, it’s worth figuring out - is finishing the base really necessary?

Why is the base covered?

Many home owners consider finishing the basement only as a special design touch in the overall exterior design of the house. The desire to make your home as beautiful as possible in appearance is quite understandable and justified, but it turns out that decorativeness in this case, although important, is still secondary. The main purpose of the plinth cladding is still different:

• Even such a seemingly indestructible element of a building as the foundation needs protection from external influences. The cladding minimizes the impact of precipitation, high humidity, temperature changes, and direct sunlight on the base material.
• The walls of the house at the basement level are most susceptible to contamination. The liquid dirt that falls on them always contains a lot of chemically aggressive substances that can cause erosion processes even in monolithic concrete.
• The base should also be protected from the development of forms of biological life on its surface - mold stains, fungal colonies, insect nests.
• If possible, it is necessary to provide buildings. At first glance, it’s a paradox: why insulate it if all the living spaces are located higher. However, this opinion is wrong:

— The base array itself becomes a very capacious cold accumulator, forming not even a “bridge”, but an entire “highway” for the penetration of low temperatures into the premises, from which even a conscientiously insulated floor of the first floor may not save. A significant part of the energy resources spent on heating will simply be wasted.

— The material from which the foundation is made, be it concrete, brick or stone, under the influence of low winter temperatures can freeze through, which will activate erosion processes and reduce its strength.

So, the conclusion is categorical - the base needs high-quality finishing for both operational and decorative reasons. What type of finish should I choose? This will depend on the design features of the building, the preferences of the homeowner, and his financial capabilities.

Types of materials used for finishing the base

Plastering and painting

One of the simplest finishing methods is to apply a layer of durable plaster to the surface of the base.

One of the simplest options is plastering the base

This finish will create a good sewn layer, characterized by high vapor permeability. The main advantage of this method is its low cost and availability of materials. Carrying out such work yourself or finding a master plasterer is usually not a big problem. And options giving There is a lot of decorative value for such a base.

• Firstly, it can simply be painted with special durable facade paints. There is a wide range of shades on sale, and there is always the opportunity to choose the one most suitable for the intended exterior design of the building.
• Secondly, an excellent solution would be to apply a finishing layer. A wide palette of colors and “rich” textures should satisfy any homeowner’s needs.

• But that's not all. If you show your imagination, you can give even a simply plastered surface a very original look.

Stone? No, this is a plastered base...

In the photograph the base appears to be trimmed with stone. In fact, each “cobblestone” is nothing more than a pile of ordinary concrete mortar, molded by hand directly on the surface of the base.

…the “cobblestones” of which are sculpted by hand...

To sculpt such “stones” you don’t need any special skill - the main thing is to make a high-quality dense solution. Everything else is the imagination and efforts of the home craftsman. After hardening, all that remains is to decorate with dyes - and the plastered base will become indistinguishable from a stone one.

...and tinted with paint

The disadvantages of the technology for finishing the base with plaster include the comparative fragility of the coating - you will have to constantly monitor the condition of the applied layer and timely repair or update damaged, cracked areas.

Finishing the base with DSP panels with real stone and granite chips

Of course, stone is the best option for cladding the base. But the question of price stops many. Eskosell panels from the Komak Plat brand were developed especially for those who want to get a reliable and “expensive” plinth for many years.

DSP panels

You get natural stone for the price of plastic. How does this happen? The basis of the panels is a rigid DSP board, onto which chips of stone and granite are applied. The large size of the crumbs (5-6mm) qualitatively distinguishes the panel from plaster and analogues. Eskosell can provide your home with high-quality protection from mechanical damage and vandalism; they can easily withstand changes in temperature and humidity. A layer of epoxy adhesive compound and natural stone chips is not only home decor, but also a protective waterproof layer. It should also be taken into account that Eskosell is made from natural ingredients and does not emit various harmful substances even in the event of a fire.

Types of panels

Prices for cement bonded particle boards (CPB)

Cement particle boards (CSP)

Advantages of Eskosell round stone chip panels:

• ECOLOGY: does not contain substances such as formaldehyde, asbestos, phenol, etc.
• FIRE RESISTANT (G1): in case of fire they do not melt and do not release harmful components into the air;
• FROST RESISTANT: installation can be carried out at any time of the year; they will not crack from frost or temperature changes;
• MOISTURE RESISTANT: the front surface of the slab is moisture resistant;
• BIORESISTANT: Eskosell prevents the appearance of fungus and mold;
• RELIABILITY: will serve you and your home for more than 50 years;
• VANDAL-RESISTANT: hard, hard, anti-vandal material;
• EASY INSTALLATION: can be mounted without additional elements, using self-tapping screws or glue.

Eskosell chip panels

You can simply cover the base with panels using screws. Or glue it with foam glue. Unlike other Eskosell panels, they do not require additional elements for installation.

Finishing the base with natural stone

This type of finishing can certainly be called “elite”. A building with such a base always looks very advantageous, has excellent performance characteristics and will last a very long time.

Base with natural stone cladding - looks very rich

For cladding, specially prepared stone slabs are used - slabs, usually 20 ÷ 30 mm thick, which can have either a regular geometric shape or uneven edges, which gives a special decorative effect.

The surface of the stone can also be chosen to suit your taste - from polished to mirror-like to rough chipped.

For all the beauty and practicality of this type of base finishing, it also has many disadvantages:

• Such cladding has a very significant weight, therefore it puts additional load on the foundation of the building, especially in cases where the base has a large surface area. If finishing with natural stone is planned, this is usually calculated at the building design stage.
• Large mass of stone slabs predetermines the increased complexity of their installation. Thus, very often even the highest quality adhesive solution is not enough, so there is a need for additional reinforcement and the use of special stops.
• Another significant drawback is, of course, the price of the material and the cost of installation work, which are not always available for independent execution.

Even the most inexpensive types of natural stone - shell rock or limestone, cost more than 1200 - 1500 rubles per m². More expensive types include granite and marble, with a polished or chipped surface.

Well, if there is a desire to achieve complete exclusivity, then wealthy homeowners sometimes resort to cladding with materials such as gabbro or even labradorite, the price of which is generally “exorbitant”.

Video: facing the base with sandstone

Cladding with artificial stone

In the case when you really want to use stone cladding for the base, but the material capabilities or design features of the building make this impossible, you can resort to another option - purchase artificial stone.

The cost of the artificial analogue is much less, the mass of the material is not so significant, and the illusion of naturalness is almost complete.

Such material is made on the basis cement-containing mixtures, often with the addition of light fractions (for example, expanded clay crushed stone), special polymer plasticizers and micro-reinforcing components. Tiles are produced using vibration casting technology in special silicone molds that exactly replicate the natural texture of the stone, or by hyper-pressing.

Laying hyper-pressed tiles “under the stone”

The release form may vary. Thus, piece tiles with standardized correct sizes are widely used. No less popular are sets that are assembled per unit area, the individual tiles of which can have different linear dimensions. This type of finishing of the base is carried out in the usual way - by laying it on construction tile adhesive for external work.

Artificial stone panels of the “Canyon” type

To facilitate the installation of the plinth cladding, you can purchase ready-made artificial stone panels, for example, the “Canyon” type. At the production stage, metal mounting brackets with a precise geometric arrangement are embedded into their concrete structure. These parts allow you to mount ready-made panels on the surface of the plinth not with mortar, but with fasteners - an indisputable advantage, especially when cladding along subsystem guides.

Find out how to do it with detailed instructions from our new article.

If desired, such panels can also be installed on an adhesive solution - brackets bent inward will only increase the reliability of adhesion to the surface.

Another option - artificial stone tiles are attached with reliable polyurethane adhesive to a rigid base, with or without insulation - this can be a board made of OSB, fiber cement or glass magnesite. Such a substrate greatly simplifies the installation of the cladding and gives it additional thermal insulation qualities.

The well-thought-out locking part of the panels completely hides the joints between them, creating the effect of natural stonework. The texture of the outer surface can be chosen to suit your taste - rocks, crushed stone, tuff, slate, etc. Mosaic solutions with the inclusion of artificial mini-slabs different texture or color.

Prices for the range of plinth panels

Plinth panels

Finishing the base with brick or “brick-like”

Strictness always gives the building a special respectability and is in perfect harmony with any possible type of decoration of the rest of the façade area. To achieve this effect, you can use one of the existing options:

• Cladding the base with natural brick. This approach has the advantage that it is possible to create a ventilated gap between the base itself and the cladding, or fill this space with insulating material. In addition, the brick itself will also serve as additional thermal insulation, especially if hollow varieties are used. However, it must be remembered that the brickwork itself will need a strip foundation - this issue should be taken into account when planning construction. Although they do it differently - they create their own support for the masonry, which will subsequently be combined with a concrete blind area around the foundation.

Various types of bricks are used for cladding the basement.

- The heaviest - hyper-pressed, characterized by very high strength and extremely low water absorption - something that is especially necessary for the base. You can purchase bricks of a variety of sizes - from the “Russian” standard 250 × 120 × 60 mm to the elongated “American” one.

— The most economical option is sand-lime brick, but it is not particularly popular for such finishing work.

— Ceramic bricks, including clinker bricks, usually have a hollow internal structure, which significantly reduces the weight of the cladding itself and provides a pronounced thermal insulation effect.

• However, it is not always possible to make real brickwork and, to be honest, it is not always advisable, because such a decorative effect can be completely achieved by using facing.

A simpler and more affordable option is clinker tiles

The material used to make it is in no way inferior in its performance characteristics to brick, and correctly laid tiles give an absolutely reliable appearance of full-fledged brickwork. A variety of sizes, colors, external textures, special methods of surface decoration (using artificial aging technologies, uneven firing, inclusion of additional fragments) allows you to give the building a absolutely unique view.

As a rule, collections of clinker facing tiles also include corner elements, which make it possible to simplify the masonry as much as possible without disturbing its overall pattern.

• It will be even easier to veneer the protruding part of the foundation “like a brick” if you use plinth panels.

They can be produced on a thermal insulating polyurethane foam or polystyrene base. The tiles (clinker or artificial stone) are located and fixed on it with precise adherence to the rows of “brickwork”, locking grooveridge connections will not allow mistakes during installation. Spaces are provided for placing fasteners for mounting panels to the wall or subsystem guides. There must be elements for decorating external corners without disturbing the linearity and “spacing” of the rows.

Base thermal panels - both decorative finishing and reliable insulation

In this case, it is preferable - the panels are more durable, the tiles are glued into them especially reliably, and they have higher thermal insulation qualities. If you have to purchase expanded polystyrene panels, then preference should be given to extruded polystyrene foam of high density.

Video: installation of base thermal panels

• If there is no need to insulate the base, then it is worth purchasing similar panels without a thermal insulation layer. In this case, the basis for rows of clinker tiles can be glass-magnesite, OSB or fiber cement panels.

— Fiber cement – ​​durable, environmentally friendly, highly resistant to impact loads. However, they are quite heavy, which makes installation difficult. In addition, such panels do not like fracture loads, that is, they require special care during transportation and temporary storage.

— Panels based on OSB have practically no disadvantages - they are light, environmentally friendly, not afraid of external influences, of course, with the proper quality of the base.

— Glass magnesite is the most modern solution, since the material does not burn, withstands heating to very high temperatures, is not afraid of frost, and is resistant to ultraviolet radiation. A particular advantage is flexibility, which allows do work on walls, even those with slight curvature, which could not be eliminated by other methods.

Regular thickness glass-magnesite the base is 8 mm, and this does not reduce the strength of the products and does not make the overall design of the cladding heavier

Finishing with basement siding

The design features of the plinth or the entire façade cladding system do not always allow the use of natural or artificial stone (brick). It’s okay, very high-quality finishing can be done using basement siding, which will give full visibility of the natural material.

Base finished with polymer panels - siding

The term “basement siding” covers a huge variety of finishes. Panels can differ significantly in size, design, and material of their manufacture.

Base siding is made from polyvinyl chloride, polymer sand mixtures, fiber cement, and other composite materials. As a rule, the panels are mounted on subsystem guides (in rare cases, directly on the wall), which makes it possible to place the insulation layer of the required thickness.

The sizes of the panels and their shape can also be very diverse. Most often, the panels have a locking part and specially provided areas for attaching them to the guides.

There are so many options for surface texture, imitation of this or that material, and colors that it is difficult to even roughly describe them.

In addition to the traditional structure, basement siding panels can also take the form of rounded wooden beams (block house), shipboard or roughly chopped shingles.

An original solution - basement siding imitating wooden shingles

The main advantage of this approach to finishing the base is the light weight of the material, ease of installation, relative durability of the resulting cladding and ease of maintenance.

Video: polymer base siding “under the stone”

A necessary element for finishing the plinth is ebb and flow

The basement of the building may have a different location. So, it can be slightly “recessed” relative to the surface of the walls. Sometimes the base is flush with the rest of the facade, although this option is considered the most unsuccessful - it does not provide adequate protection of the base from precipitation. Most often, the base protrudes outward in the form of a kind of step. It is in this case that its finishing will lose its meaning if it is not accompanied by the installation of ebb tides.

A mandatory element with a protruding base is ebb tides

These structural finishing elements will reliably protect the protruding part of the foundation from direct precipitation, remove water from the surface of the base, and prevent moisture from penetrating into the cracks between the wall and the cladding materials

The ebb tides can be made from different materials.

• In most cases, metal castings are used, which are made of galvanized steel sheets coated with a polymer coating, which provides additional protection against corrosion and gives the required decorative effect.

The most common are steel with polymer coating

You can find flashings made of aluminum, and as the most expensive option - even from sheet copper: they will harmonize especially well with the copper roof of the building.

Exclusive option - copper sheet ebbs

Video: installing metal ebbs on the plinth

• Plastic moldings will cost slightly less, but this material does not have the same durability as sheet metal, simply for reasons of lower mechanical strength. To protect the base, this option is rarely used. Although, if the walls of the house are decorated with PVC siding, then the polymer cast will look very advantageous.
• If the plinth ledge is large enough, and its cladding is made of brick or clinker tiles, then laying out ebbs from profile ceramic (clinker) blocks is an excellent option.

They can be in the form of a brick with edges beveled in one direction, or in the form of rectangular tiles with a plane inclined to the horizon to ensure water drainage. The surface can be ordinary or with a glazed layer applied (smalt tiles).

Profile clinker panels with smalt coating - beautiful, but expensive

This low tide belt looks very impressive. But, however, its arrangement will require large material costs and labor-intensive installation process that can only be performed by a very highly qualified master.

So, there are a great many options for finishing the base. You should evaluate in advance your financial resources, the fundamental feasibility, feasibility, decorativeness and operational qualities of the chosen cladding, and the availability of its independent implementation. Ideally, all these issues need to be thought through at the stage of drawing up the design of the future structure.

The basement in any building performs the main function - protection from the cold of the house. Therefore, its finishing must be of high quality. At the moment there is a wide range of materials for cladding the base.

In order to figure out exactly what materials will be needed for cladding the basement of a house, you must first determine its functions.
Peculiarities:

• The base serves not only to protect the building from cold or harsh climatic conditions. It is located between the ground and the floor of the building.
  Thanks to this distance, it is possible to insulate the house using certain materials for this.
• The height of the basement floor may vary. In this situation, everything depends on the size of the house itself and climatic conditions.
  In cold regions, the base reaches 70 cm in height. And so it the average size is 30-50 cm.

It is laid out of red refractory bricks using concrete mortar and, as a rule, does not have a very attractive appearance. Because of this, they use basement cladding material, which will help finish and decorate the structure.

Types of materials for finishing the base

The options for covering the base are quite varied. There are very interesting designs this part.
The facing material for the base can be:

• Ceramic tiles (porcelain tiles).
• A natural stone.
• Fake diamond.
• Brick
• Color cement mortar and so on.

Since the base is located very close to the ground, the materials for cladding the base of the house should not absorb dirt and moisture. Let's take a closer look at each type of material.

Ceramic tiles in the basement finishing

Ceramic tiles have been used for many years in finishing work. It has already established itself as the most practical finishing material. But not all of its species are frost-resistant.
Characteristics:

• The most popular plinth facing material is porcelain stoneware, which is one of the subtypes of ceramic tiles. It surpasses conventional ceramics in its properties and characteristics.
• Due to the fact that the material is subject to double firing during the production process, the structure of porcelain stoneware is very dense, and therefore the strength is at a high level.

Porcelain stoneware plinth cladding material:

• Practical. Easy to install and easy to clean, even with the use of cleaning agents.
• Reliable. On its surface it can withstand quite strong mechanical and physical exercise and is firmly fixed.
• Moisture resistant. Not able to absorb dirt and moisture.
• Long lasting. The service life of the material is about 20 years.
• Does not wear out. The surface retains its original design even under strong influence of a humid environment and other weather or climatic conditions.
• Does not burn. Can easily withstand very high temperatures.
• Frost-resistant. Due to this, it is very often used for external cladding of buildings.
• Wear-resistant. The material can withstand any load.

Natural stone in finishing work on the plinth

The plinth facing materials made from natural agglomerates are quite varied.
But the most popular are:

• Sandstone.
• Marble.
• Granite (see Granite cladding of the base: classic façade design).

These plinth cladding materials have excellent properties and performance.
Materials:

• Reliable and very durable, as they can withstand almost any physical and mechanical influences.
• Practical, despite their considerable weight, they are quite easy to install.
• Durable. Natural stone does not have a specific service life.
• Moisture-resistant, due to their structure they cannot absorb moisture. Accordingly, dirt will also remain on the surface of the material. It is easy to clean with a damp cloth.

• Wear-resistant. Surface natural stone even with very frequent cleaning it does not deform, and the appearance of the material remains the same.
• Fire resistant. Natural stone does not burn or melt.
• Withstand highs and lows temperature conditions.
• Natural agglomerate does not rot or corrode. It is also environmentally friendly, which makes it possible to use it for interior decoration.

Note. In addition to all the advantages and disadvantages of this material, it has one, but rather significant drawback - the price. It is very high due to the natural origin of the stone.

Artificial stone for finishing work on the base

Artificial materials for cladding plinths of this type have become very popular recently.
Decorative stone can be made from:

• Acrylic.
• Synthetic substances.
• Plaster.
• Using marble or granite chips.

Note. The external design of such material is very similar to the appearance of natural agglomerate. They are distinguished not only by their durability and practicality, but also by their cost, which for an artificial conglomerate is several times lower than for natural stone.

Surface decorative stone May be:

• Smooth.
• Torn.
• Structural.
• Glyantseva.
• Matte.
• Rough.

Imitations of natural stones are very diverse, as is the color range of the material itself.
Very often, when choosing a material for cladding the base of a house, they opt for decorative stone, which has a very attractive appearance and excellent properties:

• Fire resistance.
• Strength.
• Reliability.
• Practicality.
• Moisture resistance.
• Easy to install.
• Wear resistance.

Installation is quite easy, for such work you will need:

• Special glue (after adding liquid it has the consistency of plaster; there are instructions for this on the packaging of the product).
• Spatula for applying glue.
• In some cases - cross-shaped beacons.
• Construction level - stones are placed in a certain plane and only then fixed to the surface.

Advice. If there is no special glue, then you can use concrete mortar, which is made from water, sand and cement.

The main advantage of such material will be that for its installation it will not be necessary to reinforce the surface.
The video shows an example of installing decorative stone on a plinth.

Brick for cladding the plinth

Brick cladding materials for plinths have several types:

• Ceramic.
• Porcelain stoneware.
• Silicate.
• Hyper-pressed.
• Basement.

Note.
In terms of their properties, they are almost similar, but in terms of strength there are certain differences. Hyper-pressed brick is considered the strongest, while silicate brick is lighter and more decorative.

This basement cladding material:

• Very practical and very durable. It is able to withstand quite large physical and mechanical impacts, and also does not absorb moisture and dirt.
• Durable and wear-resistant. Throughout the entire service life of the material, which is at least 30-50 years, the surface and external design does not change its appearance.
• It can easily withstand high and low temperatures and does not deform.
• It does not burn or melt. Also does not fade in the sun.

Advice. Despite the wide variety of bricks for finishing the plinth, it is best to use a brick that is specifically designed for such work - plinth. It will reliably protect your home from the cold.

For self-installation bricks you will need:

• Concrete solution.
• Master OK.
• Building level.

Advice. It is best to mix the concrete solution in a concrete mixer to give it homogeneity for better masonry of the material.

The most important thing is that this method of cladding must be performed on a foundation, which can be common with the main or additional one.

Cement mortar for plinth cladding

There are various cladding materials for the plinth, but the use of cement mortar is considered the simplest and most primitive cladding method. The method of applying it is similar to applying plaster to the surface of the solution.
It is prepared with your own hands from:

• Sand.
• Water.
• Cement.
• Proportions: 1 bucket of cement to 3-4 buckets of sand.
• As a rule, cement mortar does not have a very attractive appearance.

Advice. To give it an aesthetically attractive appearance, you need to add a special coloring pigment during its manufacturing process.

To apply the concrete solution you will need:

• Two spatulas of different sizes (large and small).
• Building level.
• Concrete solution.

Features of applying the solution:

• Such work will need to be done very carefully, since it will be quite difficult to smooth out unevenness.
• You can use a special tool with which relief or other various designs are made on the surface.

After applying the concrete mortar, it is possible to use decorative plaster with marble chips. This design looks quite interesting and attractive.

The base of the house requires reliable protection from moisture penetration, getting wet, exposure to sunlight and mechanical damage. To obtain a solid foundation and uniform weight load, various facing materials are used. In this article, we will look in detail at what to cover the basement of a house with, and provide characteristics of the materials, their advantages and disadvantages.

Types of basement structures

The most reliable type is a recessed base. Its device perfectly protects the structure from mechanical and atmospheric damage, and for its installation there is no need to construct a drain. The sunken view looks great and complements the building.

The protruding base is arranged in frame houses with thin walls. This type requires a drainage device in order to remove precipitation as much as possible from the foundation.

An important point in the design of the base is its waterproofing. Before choosing a facing material, you should consider the following points:

• brickwork extends the basement structure;
• Insulation is placed inside the frame, which reduces heat loss;
• the frame system allows you to carry out any repair work at any time;

The main purpose of plinth cladding is:

• minimize Negative influence on the foundation of the house from atmospheric precipitation, humidity, temperature changes and direct sunlight;
• preventing dirt from entering the walls of the house, chemical substances, which can cause destructive processes in the foundation;
• protecting the foundation from the formation of mold, stains, mildew and insects;

Full characteristics of the facing material

Cladding the basement of a house and which material is better to choose, this question arises for every owner country house. We suggest you consider popular materials for finishing the foundation.

Finishing with decorative plaster

Plaster is used for any type of structure. This mixture mixes well with others building materials. The advantage of plastering is:

• high vapor permeability;
• responds well to temperature changes;
• easy to repair;
• easy to apply to the surface;
• the ability to combine with other materials;
• affordable price.

• short operational period;
• requires constant updating of the coating (painting);
• If dirt gets on the surface, it may be difficult to wash it out.

The finishing process consists of simple steps:

• before plastering, insulate and level the surface;
• fix the plaster tiles;
• use paint that is resistant to frost and moisture;

The photo shows a plastered facade

Siding finishing

To cover the base, siding panels designed for this work are used. The advantage of such a facade is:

• high strength and reliability, the panel is able to protect the entire surface;
• easy to care for, can be easily washed;
• resistant to impacts and damage;
• panels do not fade in the sun;
• installation of panels is possible on any type of foundation;
• Replacing parts will not cause unnecessary trouble.

Disadvantages include:

• installation will take a lot of time and effort;
• the cost of finishing materials is higher due to the installation of additional elements (frame, slats);
• the material is highly flammable.

The façade should be covered with siding after:

• installation of sheathing;
• perform high-quality sealing of all connections;
• perform and take into account the dimensions of the gaps.

For your information. Recently, manufacturers have begun to produce brick-like panels. This finish looks very beautiful and original. The product resembles a stone, sometimes it is even difficult to distinguish it. This similarity is achieved by the fact that during the production of siding panels, a cast is made that clearly conveys the entire structure and roughness of the stone. The photo shows a panel element made from rubble stone.

Facade finishing using stone

Facing the foundation of a house with artificial stone is optimal and inexpensive option. The tiled facade of the house has the following advantages:

• big choice shapes, texture and color palette of the product;
• high strength of the product;
• long service life;
• easy to repair;
• easy installation.

Disadvantages of artificial stone:

• laying the material is possible only at positive temperatures;
• The work is quite labor-intensive and time-consuming.

Natural stone for cladding the façade will increase the cost of purchasing materials. It is worth noting that manufacturers have learned to produce fake diamond, the appearance of which is no different and completely resembles the structure of the natural one. The facade using it looks natural and natural. The photo shows a stone facade

Not everyone can do stone laying on their own. As a rule, specialists are hired for such work.

Using clinker tiles

Cladding the base with clinker tiles will cost almost the same as brickwork. This material has a number of advantages:

• the manufacturer produces ready-made corners, external and internal elements;
• products are easily fixed to the foundation;
• due to its light weight, the façade experiences little load;
• variety of decorative coatings;
• tiles do not require additional finishing;
• long service life;
• provides reliable protection to the foundation;
• The tiles are easy to clean when dirty;
• has high strength to mechanical damage and blows;
• large selection of color palette.

For information! Clinker tiles can give an interesting appearance to the facade of a private house. If the products are installed correctly, it is difficult to distinguish it from natural stone.

It is worth noting that clinker tiles allow for additional decoration of walls and even corners of the building. The material matches perfectly with the tiles and gives the house an attractive appearance.

When installing it, use a special glue that is resistant to freezing. The tiles are glued like regular tiles, the only thing is small nuance, the ground level is variable along the entire perimeter of the building. Before installation, it is necessary to seal the seams with jointing mortar.

The photo shows the façade, finished with clinker tiles

For information! Clinker tiles combine well and get along with other building materials.

Corrugated sheet

The most economical option For cladding the façade of a building, corrugated sheeting is used. To perform the work, galvanized or polymer-coated products are used. Such cladding reliably protects the foundation from destruction and has a long service life.

The surface of the material is resistant to corrosion processes. To attach the corrugated sheeting you will need waterproofing, thermal insulation and fasteners. The end result is quite attractive. The photo shows a house covered with corrugated sheets

Low tide device

The device of ebb tides can reliably protect the protruding part of the foundation from moisture and water. Castings are made from different materials:

• metal castings are made of galvanized steel, the surface of which is coated with a polymer coating, which prevents the product from corrosion;
• aluminum products are made from sheet copper, this is a fairly expensive product that will be an excellent addition to the copper roof of the building;
• plastic ebbs are the cheapest material, which have a short service life; most often, plastic ebbs are used in combination with PVC siding;
• the ebb made of profile ceramic blocks will become good addition and protection for brick or clinker tiles on the facade of the building.

As we see, there is a large number of options for covering the basement of a house. The choice of material directly depends on the financial capabilities and features of the private house project.

The base is the part of the foundation located above the ground surface. In order for the entire building to have a beautiful appearance, it must also be finished decorative materials. In addition, the facing coating must protect against destructive external influences: moisture, temperature changes and other factors, therefore the finishing material for the base must be aesthetically attractive and practical. A number of products offered by hardware stores meet these requirements. However, the options differ significantly from each other in many respects.

Functions of basement finishing

Decorating the entire house, and the basement in particular, is work that is carried out at the final stage of construction. Their practical significance is great. With the help of proper finishing of the base, the following goals are achieved:

• decorate the part of the base protruding above the soil surface;
• protect the foundation from water (rain, melt) and high humidity air;
• soften the influence of temperature fluctuations on it;
• prevent various mechanical damages;
• isolate concrete bases from active chemicals coming with precipitation;
• additionally thermally insulate the foundation, if necessary.

Thanks to competent cladding of basement surfaces, in harmony with the rest of the house’s decoration, the entire structure not only looks beautiful, but also protects the foundation from destructive factors. As a result, the service life and reliability of the building increases.

Facing materials used

The base can be arranged in different ways. This depends both on the design features of the building and on the materials used for its design and the goals pursued. The basement part in relation to the walls of the building can:

• be level with them;
• protrude outward;
• go inside.

In most cases, the base protrudes or lies in the plane of the walls. The first option with ebb tides is especially recommended, if provided basement under the building.

The sinking option is considered less susceptible to precipitation, which is a factor contributing to increased service life. It is also easier to waterproof and insulate the upper part of the base.

The material used for finishing the basement of the house differs in the following criteria:

• cost;
• performance characteristics(quality);
• decorative look.

The following materials are popular in practice:

• plaster mixtures;
• dye;
• basement siding;
• natural or artificial stone;
• different types of tiles;
• plastic panels;
• lining;
• brick.

With a protruding base mandatory element designs are ebb tides. Their varieties according to the material from which they are made are presented in the table below.

In addition to materials for sheathing and flashings, various insulation materials, waterproofing materials, and priming compounds with a whole range of useful properties are used in the work.

The choice of material, in addition to the criteria considered, is determined by the climatic characteristics of the region and personal preferences. An important point is the compatibility of the finishing of various parts of the facade.

Application of plaster compositions and paints

Plaster is one of the most available materials for finishing the base. The advantages of the material are its relative cheapness and ease of working with it, the ability to give the appearance of various materials, for example, stone, brick.

The disadvantages of the created coating are the following:

• appearance and durability are inferior to analogues;
• crumbles under mechanical stress;
• efficiency, as protection of the base part, is lower than that of most analogues.

If you use decorative varieties in your work plaster mixtures, which include substances that increase moisture resistance, then an aesthetic appearance, as well as protective properties the formed coating becomes much better.

Paints for facade finishing are not inferior in availability to plaster, but are not particularly durable. They have high degree resistance to atmospheric moisture.

After plastering with a rough layer, decorative compounds are applied to its surface and painted in the desired color. You can also cover the base with tiles, stone, and other materials. On a freshly applied, not yet dried, plaster layer, an imitation of brickwork is created, highlighting the seams and painting the spaces between them in the desired color.

The prevalence of paint and plaster is due to the ease of handling materials, affordable price, and large selection of colors. Decorative varieties mixtures intended for plastering allow you to imitate various natural materials and also have good performance characteristics.

Brick finishing

Brick is traditional material for finishing the foundation. The use of this material has the following advantages:

• durability;
• high strength;
• it is possible, by leaving a gap between the foundation wall and the masonry, to insulate the base and ensure its ventilation;
• hollow types of bricks additionally insulate the base;
• masonry has beautiful view.

The disadvantages of using bricks include:

• its higher price compared to materials used for similar purposes, for example, tiles, siding;
• in order to lay out the masonry efficiently, you need to have certain experience and skills;
• due to the heavy weight of the material, it is necessary to first create a foundation for this type of finishing;
• if brick cladding is planned at the planning stage of construction work, then it is possible to provide support for the masonry on the foundation being built, but this will increase costs and load.

The foundation above-ground part is lined with the following types of bricks:

• silicate;
• ceramic;
• clinker;
• hyper-pressed.

Application sand-lime brick is the cheapest option of these four. But it is not popular.

Due to its properties, hyperpressed is well suited for decorating a plinth. The material is released different sizes, which is convenient from a practical point of view.

The use of brickwork when finishing the base gives the building a respectable appearance. It goes well with various options façade design.

Wood paneling and siding

To finish the base, you can use thin boards (lining) and thin slats that have a cylindrical shape (block house). Wood provides a natural, natural look. It is used mainly if buildings are built from timber. Also, the price of this material is relatively affordable.

To the disadvantages wood paneling relate:

• susceptibility of wood to rot;
• possibility of damage by insects and microorganisms;
• the material needs special, periodic care.

To reduce the influence of destructive factors, it is necessary to pre-treat boards and slats with special antiseptic compounds.

Often the top of the foundation, located above ground, is covered with basement siding. It consists of panels differing in design and size, made from the following materials:

• polyvinyl chloride;
• fiber cement;
• polymer sand mixtures and other composites.

The advantages of siding coating are:

• small mass;
• ease of installation and its independence from the weather;
• It does not require special care;
• easily allows you to insulate and waterproof the foundation;
• durability (possible service life is about 50 years);
• steam permeability;
• reliability and sufficient strength (due to the presence of special additives in the composition), thanks to which the siding can withstand relatively heavy loads;
• large selection of different colors and textures, even imitation natural materials(for example, stone, wood);
• resistance to moisture, ultraviolet radiation, corrosion.

The siding is mounted on a pre-leveled frame.

The foundation is mainly finished with wood. wooden buildings. It looks beautiful there. Durability, strength, a large selection of colors and textures, as well as ease of working with siding make it popular in the construction market.

Tiling

Plinth cladding slabs of different sizes, made from various materials, are quite often used when finishing the base. In practice, the following varieties are popular:

• clinker, imitation brickwork, thickness 8-20 mm;
• polymer-sand, made on the basis of composites;
• tiles based on resins have a corrugated or smooth surface and are similar in appearance to sandstone or clinker bricks;
• porcelain stoneware

Working with clinker tiles is simplified by the use of special corner elements.

Composite tiles imitate brick or torn stone are lightweight and resistant to various external influences.

The resin-based material is 3 mm thick and bends, and can also be cut with scissors. All this greatly simplifies finishing work.

Porcelain stoneware slabs for plinth cladding are highly durable and have a wide range of textures and colors.

The tiles are laid on the mortar or mounted on a frame. The first option requires preliminary leveling of the working surfaces.

The use of slab materials allows you to obtain a beautiful, durable finishing coating that can be used long years. Thanks to the wide selection, you can easily select the material with the required ratio between quality and price.

Finishing with natural and artificial stone

Excellent facing materials for slab or monolithic foundations are natural and artificial stone. The resulting finish has a number of advantages:

• great strength;
• resistance to destructive external factors;
• durability;
• solid, aesthetic, unique appearance.

The following natural types of stone are used for finishing work:

• granite;
• marble;
• sandstone;
• limestone;
• ordinary cobblestones and flat stones with an average thickness of 2 to 4 cm.

The pattern of natural stone cannot always be imitated on the surface of artificial analogues.

Natural material has a lot of weight. Installing it requires special skills. Coating the surface of a plinth well for a beginner is a very problematic task. Most types of stone are quite expensive. Also, the work with this material itself is characterized by significant labor costs.

Artificial stone is made by adding various dyes and fillers (organic and chemical) to concrete. This material is cheaper than natural analogues and also has less weight. It is more convenient to work with it than with natural ones.

Both natural and artificial stone are durable, weather-resistant materials with a long service life. Their use as a finishing coating provides a majestic, monumental look not only to the base, but to the entire house.

Application of profiled sheets and thermal panels

Corrugated sheeting is a budget option sheathing. Use it for finishing plinths wooden houses Not recommended. The appearance is also not particularly attractive, inferior to its analogues. Profiled sheets are used more often for the design of courtyard buildings.

Sheets of corrugated sheets are mounted on the frame. They are fixed using self-tapping screws or rivets. For corners there are internal and external finished goods. Pre-ordering sheets of the required sizes allows you to reduce costs.

Thermal panels are similar in appearance to siding, but they consist, in addition to the outer layer, of an expanded polystyrene base (plate). The material has good performance characteristics. Such panels are resistant to various external factors: temperature, moisture.

Using corrugated board as a material for finishing the basement will be cheap, but the appearance of the house may suffer. The use of thermal panels is justified when insulation is necessary.

The video below provides an overview of materials suitable for finishing the base with their characteristics.

Option to give the above-ground part of the base your own hands decorative look using plaster is shown in the video below.

The finishing of the base must be taken seriously. This is due to the fact that this ensures not only a beautiful appearance of the house, but also protects the above-ground part of its foundation from external influences. Ultimately, this will affect the durability of the building. The modern market is saturated with the offer of various finishing materials, which allows you to select products of appropriate quality at an affordable price.

Installing the cladding yourself will help you save money cash during finishing work, the base surface must first be properly prepared in order to obtain the highest quality result.