How to plant flowers by seeds in open ground. General recommendations for planting flower seedlings

The vast majority of flowers growing in our areas come from southern latitudes and cannot winter under the snow. Therefore, they are either dug up for the winter and stored in the cellar, like gladioli and dahlias, or they are made a “race” by sowing seedlings.

When to plant asters

Asters - annual plants, belonging to the most valuable flyers. The homeland of the aster is China and Japan. IN middle lane In Russia and Siberia, these flowers are most often grown through seedlings, otherwise especially large and valuable cut varieties will not have enough time to show themselves in all their glory.

Asters are sown by seeds. There are several hundred varieties of asters in the world, which, according to the shape of the inflorescence and the parameters of the bush, are divided into varieties: Chrysanthemum-shaped, Needle-shaped, Princess. Aster is capable of self-pollinating and re-pollinating, so low-grade chamomile-like flowers grow from seeds obtained at home.

Aster belongs to the Asteraceae family. Aster seeds, or rather the fruits, are called achenes. Most plants in this family have bristles and hairs on their seeds that help them spread. In nature, the seeds of Asteraceae are either caught by the bristles of passing animals or carried by the wind using “parachutes” of hairs. To get a clearer idea of ​​what we're talking about, just remember the aster’s relative - the ordinary dandelion.

Aster seeds are light, weightless, and have almost no reserve nutrients and therefore, already in the second year of storage, germination rate is sharply reduced. Sowing fresh seeds is an important condition successful cultivation of these plants.

• Aster seeds are sown for seedlings in mid-March. Seeds are sown in light soil, to which humus was not added last season. Aster seedlings are sensitive to pathogenic soil fungi, therefore experienced flower growers in the fall, they store the soil on which marigolds and calendula grew - their roots secrete compounds that disinfect the soil.
• When asters are planted with seeds obtained last year, seedlings appear quite quickly - within a week. There is no need to soak aster seeds. When a true leaf appears, the seedlings dive to a distance of 4 centimeters. Aster does not tolerate transplantation well, so if it is possible to plant each seedling into an individual container, then this should be done. In this case, the root will not be damaged when planted in open ground and the plant will quickly take root.
• The seedlings are kept in a bright place at a temperature of 12 -16 degrees, fed twice with complete fertilizer at an interval of two weeks. Planting in open ground depends on the weather and conditions in which the seedlings grew. Hardened plants, planted in peat pots or tablets, tolerate spring frosts down to -4.
• It is not necessary to bother with aster seedlings - growing from seeds sown in open ground is also possible. This is done before winter, when the soil begins to freeze. Such plants begin to bloom later than those obtained through seedlings, but they bloom longer and more abundantly.

On the site, seedlings are planted at a distance that depends on the characteristics of the variety (the planting pattern is indicated on the package with the seeds). Asters love light and neutral soil. Manure should not be applied to the crop - this leads to infection with fusarium, and the affected plants quickly die. Plants love mineral fertilizers and do not respond well to organic ones. In a bright place with watering and fertilizing, the authors bloom profusely until frost.

Spring crocus or saffron - the most popular garden culture. Crocuses are corms and are not usually propagated by seeds. But they reproduce well from bulbs, and they have a high reproduction coefficient, that is, the plantings thicken quite quickly. If the plants are not replanted, signs of oppression appear, so crocuses are replanted every 5-6 years.

Sometimes it becomes necessary to propagate crocus by seeds. The seeds of these plants ripen at the end of May; they are large, round and heavy. It is important not to miss the moment of collecting seeds, otherwise they will fall to the ground.

1. The seeds are collected and stored in the refrigerator in a jar with a tight lid. They are sown in late autumn, when the average daily temperature drops to about +5.
2. The bed for sowing is prepared in advance, in a shaded place. When digging, sand and peat are added. Crocus seedlings are delicate, so even at the stage of preparing the bed, the soil is thoroughly cleared of perennial weeds. In winter, crops are mulched with mature compost.

When to plant dahlias

Dahlias reproduce mainly vegetatively - by dividing the tuber and cuttings. They are bred by seeds exclusively when breeding new varieties.

1. At the end of March, the tubers are taken out of the cellar and begin to grow, at the same time they can be divided. The tubers are cleaned of last year's roots, old shoots are cut off, the cuts are sprinkled with coal dust and left in the air for a day, and then buried in peat, sawdust or moss. Root collar left on the surface. After 2 weeks, the buds will begin to sprout and division can begin. The tubers are removed from the substrate and separated into parts by hand. The resulting cuttings are again placed in the substrate for growing or, if the time has come, they are planted on the site.
2. Dahlias do not tolerate frost at all, so the timing of their planting in open ground depends entirely on the weather forecast.
3. May is a busy time for gardeners. Vegetable and vegetable crops are already behind us flower crops into the ground, the emerging shoots require attention. At the same time, vegetable and flower seedlings are planted. And then, as luck would have it, rumors about the coming frost are spreading throughout the interiors of garden buses. Late spring frosts are the primary enemy of dahlias. This is why plants grown at home need to be hardened off. To do this, on warm days they are taken outside for several hours (put on the balcony). Over time, the duration of the “walks” is increased and even containers with sprouts are left for fresh air all night long.
4. Ungrown root tubers are planted in the ground earlier than sprouted ones - in early May. The tubers are inspected, areas with signs of disease are cut out, soaked for 30 minutes in potassium permanganate and planted in planting holes 40 centimeters deep and 30 centimeters in diameter. Dahlias should be planted in sunny areas in nutritious, light soil. On well-cultivated soil, it is enough to season landing hole one shovel of humus and two tablespoons of complete mineral fertilizer.

Propagation by cuttings

Seedlings of dahlias begin to be planted in February. The sooner you start this, the more developed tubers will form by autumn. However, if you start too early, the cuttings will not root well.

1. In mid-February, the tubers are planted in peat for germination.
2. Cuttings are cut when the shoots grow 5-8 centimeters and planted in pots for rooting.
3. A layer of nutrient mixture is poured onto the bottom, and a layer of calcined quarry sand is added on top.
4. The cutting is buried half a centimeter in the sand; it will take two to three weeks to take root. If cuttings were done in February, then after a month and a half the cuttings can already be transplanted into peat pots. If cuttings began in April, then transplantation is done within two weeks.
5. Cuttings are planted in open ground when the threat of frost has passed.

When to plant gladioli

Gladioli are one of the most demanding and labor-intensive flower crops. Work with gladioli planting material is completed in late autumn, and then the corms are checked all winter to see how they are stored.

Since mid-spring, a new cycle of growing gladioli has been gaining momentum. Planting of gladioli in the spring begins in late April (in Siberia after May 9). Much depends on spring and it is better to focus not on the calendar, but on the soil temperature - when planting it should be + 8-10 degrees at a depth of 10 centimeters.

Preparation of planting material

The corms are taken out of the cellar at the end of March and first cleaned of dry scales. At the same time, they are carefully examined, the affected areas are cut out with a sterile knife, dried, and the sections are coated with brilliant green. Then lay out in diffused light at a temperature of +30 degrees (for example, on kitchen cabinets). This technique is called vernalization.

Treatment with light and elevated temperature activates biochemical processes, causes the awakening of the buds, and the influx of nutrients to the root tubercles. Subsequently, all this will result in the rapid development of plants after planting and the acceleration of the onset of flowering. Vernalization has a particularly beneficial effect on juvenile bulbs.

When to plant gladioli on the plot? The signal to start planting will be the soil temperature. It is impossible to delay planting gladioli, since high air temperatures stimulate the growth of the above-ground system, while the root system will lag behind and this will negatively affect the quality of the flowers. On the eve of planting, the corms are soaked in a solution of potassium permanganate for half an hour, and then transferred to warm solution microelements.

The bulbs are planted in such a way that a layer of soil equal to double or triple the height of the corm remains above the plant. Shallow planting leads to curvature of peduncles, deep planting leads to a decrease in the number of children and stunted growth.

Children's boarding deadline

Children or tubers of gladioli are young bulbs formed on stolons extending from the axils lower leaves. They are dug up at the same time as the bulbs and immediately sorted. For planting, children with a diameter > 4 mm are left and stored together with adult corms.

If the preparation of corms begins about a month before planting in the ground, then the children are taken out of storage 2-3 days before planting. They are cleaned from the shell, discarding dried and diseased ones. Then the children, just like adult bulbs, are soaked in potassium permanganate and a solution of trace elements. Children are sown at the same time, to a depth of 5-6 centimeters, at the rate of 40-50 pieces per linear meter grooves.

It is important to know the timing of planting flowers, but it is equally important to comply with them. Plants sown and planted on time will have time to complete the growing season before frost and will delight the farmer with what they were actually planted for - beautiful, lush and long-lasting flowering.

In April, in areas with a cool climate, the last snow melts, buds swell on trees and bushes - nature comes to life and prepares for a new growing season, and our task is to help it with this. In April, the coverings of perennials and roses are removed, the bushes are treated against diseases and pests, and from the beginning of the month the soil is prepared for sowing annual flowers in the ground and planting seedlings - they dig up and fertilize. And then the time comes for planting flowers in open ground - sowing seeds and transplanting flower seedlings. Vegetable seedlings Some species also land in the city at the end of April.

Flower planting dates in April

What flowers and at what time are seeds sown in the ground in April? In those areas where at this time it is already real spring, even if not very warm, flower growers spend the first half of the month preparing the soil in the flower beds, and the actual planting of flower seeds is carried out from the beginning of the second half of April. Planting flowers in a flower bed, the seedlings of which at home or in a greenhouse have already grown and hardened, is done within the same time frame. Planting flowers in the ground is carried out in favorable days. In April 2016 it is the 13th, 14th, 18th and 20th. climbing plants It is better to sow on April 11 or 20.

What flowers are sown in open ground in April

In the second half of the month, seeds of plants such as calendula, iberis, summer adonis, arctotis, gaillardia, garden hibiscus, gypsophila, coreopsis, cosmos, lavatera, sweet peas, viscaria, vaccaria, ornamental cabbage, clarkia, annual cornflowers, Chinese carnation, annual rudbeckia, phacelia, nicandra, matthiola, poppy, lobularia, godetia, dimorphotheca, snakehead, bristle grass, bentgrass, mignonette, scabiosa, nigella, flax, malcolmia, canary grass, eschscholzia, echium and other cold-resistant annuals and perennials. In areas with a cold and long spring, it will be possible to sow the seeds of these flowers in the ground only in May, but it is better to sow them in March or April for seedlings, and in May plant the seedlings in the ground, where, under favorable weather conditions, they will bloom almost immediately. In this article we will tell you how to sow some of the listed annuals, as well as general care rules for these flowers.

Morning glory.

This beautiful vine with gramophone flowers prefers places protected from the wind and loose soil. Before sowing, morning glory seeds are soaked for a day in a thermos with warm water for swelling. Those seeds that have not swelled are pricked with a needle and again immersed in warm water for a day. Instead of water, you can use an aqueous solution of Kornevin or Heteroauxin. It is easy to sow large morning glory seeds: place two seeds in each hole, then fill the holes with soil and water them, after which the flowerbed is mulched with peat. If the forecast predicts frost, the crops are covered with film.

Eschsholzia.

This plant, also called the California poppy, is unpretentious, easy to grow and easy to care for. Eschscholzia is photophilous, grows on drained soils of almost any composition, but with a neutral or slightly alkaline reaction, blooms from June to September. Sow Eschscholzia seeds, stored over the winter in the vegetable drawer of the refrigerator, lightly pressing them into the soil, after which the area is watered and mulched with peat. Some gardeners sow seeds on melted snow, after which they cover the crops with mulch. Shoots usually appear after 2 weeks and require immediate thinning - optimal distance Between seedlings there should ultimately be 20 cm.

Sweet pea.

This plant is also called China fragrant. It is one of the most beautiful climbing annuals. Sweet peas grow well in windless, sunny or slightly shaded areas. Please note that sudden changes temperatures can cause the plant to drop buds. The soil for peas requires fertile, breathable, neutral reaction. It is unacceptable to grow the plant in high-lying areas. groundwater. When preparing a flower bed, never use it as a fertilizer. fresh manure. Sweet peas do not need nitrogen either - they extract it from the air themselves.

Sow 2-3 seeds in holes located at a distance of 20-25 cm from each other, cover with soil, compact it and mulch the area. Sweet peas sown in the ground will bloom by mid-summer.

Calendula.

This flower gained popularity back in the days of the ancient Greeks and has not lost it to this day. Calendula not only decorates the summer flower bed, but is also one of the most healing plants. It is grown both by seedlings and by sowing seeds directly into the soil, into which fertilizers are added two weeks before sowing. The scheme for planting calendula flowers is as follows: sowing is done to a depth of 1-2 cm at a distance of 25-30 cm from each other. The interval between rows is 60-70 cm if you grow calendula as ornamental plant, and 30-40, if as a medicinal one. In this case, the distance between the bushes can be reduced to 7-10 cm. Shoots appear within a week, and 2-3 weeks after their appearance, decorative calendula seedlings are thinned out, leaving a gap of 25-30 cm between them. Excess seedlings removed from the flowerbed flowers can be transplanted to another place. Calendula will bloom 10 weeks after sowing - by mid-summer.

Adonis.

He's an adonis. A mythical flower that became popular in the 17th century and has still not lost its charm in the eyes of flower growers. Ideal place for a plant - a sunny area, which plunges into shade in the afternoon. The best soil– light, well-drained soil rich in lime and organic matter with a pH value of 7-7.5 units. Seeds of one-year-old Adonis, collected from six-year-old bushes, are stored in the vegetable drawer of the refrigerator in winter, after which they are kept for a day in warm water for swelling, after which they are sown to a depth of 1-2 cm. They germinate at a temperature of 5 ºC after a month.

Clarkia.

It is elegant, elegant, cold-resistant and long lasting flowering plant. It feels best under the sun in an open area, in loose, moist, slightly acidic soil. A couple of weeks before sowing, add peat and mineral fertilizers to the soil. Sow Clarkia seeds in nests of 4-5 pieces at a distance of 20-40 cm from each other, without burying them in the ground, but only lightly pressing them into it and sprinkling them on top with a thin layer of soil. The seedlings that appear after two weeks are slightly thinned out: low-growing bushes should be located at a distance of 20 cm from each other, and tall varieties– at a distance of 25 cm. Do not overdo it with thinning: dense plantings of Clarkia flowers look excellent.

Decorative cabbage.

When planning to decorate your flower garden with something unusual, remember this plant, which, despite its undeniable decorative value, is completely unpretentious and easily tolerates short-term spring frosts. They even benefit it, giving the leaves a richer color. Cabbage prefers humus-rich loams and sandy loams as soil. As for lighting, it grows equally well both in bright sun and in light shade, although the leaves of the plant from the shaded flower bed are not that juicy green like cabbage leaves growing in the sun.

A week before sowing, wrap the cabbage seeds in a solution soaked in organic fertilizer gauze and place in a cool, dark place. As soon as the seeds hatch, you can start sowing. The seeds are laid out on the surface of the soil and sprinkled with a 1 cm thick layer of soil. When sowing, keep in mind that cabbage sometimes grows up to 60 cm in diameter, so place the seeds at a distance of at least half a meter. When the seedlings develop 3-4 leaves, they are thinned out and the excess plants are transplanted to another place.

Gypsophila.

It's graceful herbaceous plant with tender small flowers white, pink or white with green tint. Gypsophila is planted on open areas with low-lying groundwater. The plant prefers well-drained soil containing lime, sandy loam or loamy soil. Two weeks before sowing, in addition to humus, the area where the gypsophila flower grows must be added for digging. dolomite flour or ash. The seeds are sown sparsely to a depth of 0.5 cm, and they germinate in just over a week. The stronger seedlings are thinned out, leaving a gap of 15-20 cm between the specimens. After sowing, gypsophila blooms within one and a half to two months.

Mattiola.

Matthiola, or gillyflower, is a cold-resistant plant with fragrant white, pink, dusty yellow or purple flowers, the smell of which is familiar to everyone. Matthiola is grown in well-lit and drained areas in fertile sod-loamy or sod-sandy loam soil with a neutral or slightly alkaline reaction, which does not require fertilization before sowing, unless the soil is very depleted by its predecessors. The area where representatives of the Cruciferous family previously grew is not suitable for growing matthiola. Matthiola seeds are sown in shallow holes located at a distance of 20 cm from each other, 3-5 pieces each, sprinkled with sand on top, or you can mix the seeds with sand and simply scatter them over the moistened surface of the area, and then lightly sprinkle them with soil. Shoots appear in a week or ten days. They can withstand temperatures down to -5 ºC. When the seedlings develop 2-3 leaves, they are thinned out, trying to maintain a distance of 15-20 cm between the specimens. In order to prolong the flowering of matthiola, it can be sown several times with a break of two weeks.

Cornflowers.

There are about 500 species of these elegant, cold-resistant, unpretentious and disease-resistant plants. They are distinguished by abundant and long-lasting flowering, and some of them also healing properties. The color of cornflower flowers can be not only blue, but also white, pink, yellow, blue or purple.

Annual cornflowers are grown in well-lit areas located on the south side. The soil for cornflowers is fertile, with a high content of humus and a neutral reaction. Sow cornflower seeds in soil previously dug to the depth of a spade with fertilizers - 2 kg of peat or humus, 100 g of wood ash and a tablespoon of nitrophoska per m². You need to prepare the bed two weeks before sowing. At the end of April, if the winter was snowless and the spring was dry, the soil for planting flowers is well moistened, shallow grooves are made in it, in which the seeds are sown, and they are covered on top with a layer of soil 1 cm thick, after which the crops are lightly compacted, and then covered with permeable material. Water the crops as the soil dries - after 2-3 days directly through the fabric, spending 2 liters of water per m², but after a week, as soon as the sprouts appear, the coating is removed. Grown seedlings are thinned out, leaving a distance of 10-12 cm between specimens.

Poppies.

A beautiful flower with graceful, quivering petals, which gained fame in ancient times, has not lost its popularity to this day. Poppies grow in open areas with deep groundwater and are not at all afraid of the scorching rays of the sun. They like sandy or loamy soil, although they are not capricious in this matter. Two weeks before sowing poppy seeds, the area is dug up to a depth of 40 cm, adding 5-7 kg of humus or compost per m² for digging. You need to sow stratified seeds; for this, they are stored in the vegetable drawer of the refrigerator in the fall. Poppy grains are scattered over the moistened surface of the area into the soil fluffed with a rake, without covering it, but lightly sprinkled with soil. The seeds germinate in two to four weeks, and as soon as the seedlings become stronger, they are thinned out so that the distance between the bushes is at least 25 cm.

Caring for flower crops in April

Watering flowers.

If the winter was with snow and the spring with rain, then the young seedlings will not need watering. When the earth warms up and the sun begins to burn like summer, it is better to water young plants from a watering can, pouring water under the base of the stem and not using a sprinkler so that drops do not fall on the stems and leaves of the plants. For irrigation, it is best to use warm water heated by the sun during the day. You can water garden flowers with a hose, but in this case, be especially careful, watch where the cold water is pouring. tap water: It is unacceptable to get it on the leaves and stems; the stream should hit only the soil around the flower. Do not try to create a strong stream so that it does not wash away the soil and expose the roots of plants.

Fertilizing crops.

Plants need at least 16 nutrients for normal development, the main ones of which are carbon, hydrogen and oxygen from water and air, but here’s how to organize the supply of plants required quantity the remaining elements should be taken care of by you. At the same time, it is very important to comply with the norm, since an excess of a substance can cause the same harm as its deficiency. In the spring, when plants begin to grow, they need nitrogen most of all, but if they receive it in excessive quantities, they will begin to grow green mass, but will not bloom. Is this what we expect from garden flowers? Phosphorus shortens the growing season of plants, that is, accelerates their development and brings the moment of flowering closer, while potassium enhances the frost resistance of plants and helps them form a root system. Calcium and phosphorus are added to the soil in the second half of summer and autumn. Magnesium takes part in the formation of chlorophyll, and boron, cobalt, molybdenum, iron, sulfur, manganese, zinc and copper, the need for which is not so great, increase plant immunity and help them resist pests and diseases. All these elements are contained in organic and mineral fertilizers, which fill the soil before planting plants, and then apply them in carefully adjusted doses during the process of their growth and development. You can feed plants not only by adding fertilizers to the soil, but also by spraying them with nutrient solutions on the leaves. These fertilizers begin to act much faster than root fertilizers. When caring for annuals, they are fed for the first time one and a half to two weeks after planting, the next feeding is applied in mid-summer. Perennials Fertilize three times a year: the first time in the spring, when the soil begins to dry out from melt water, the second time at the beginning of the bud formation period, and the third after flowering.

Flowers that are at rest do not need to be fertilized, and those that have just been transplanted need to be fertilized only when they take root. It is strictly forbidden to feed plants infected with the disease.

Weeding and loosening.

Loosening the soil in a flower bed is very important work, since it provides air access to the soil, which accelerates seed germination, and then supplies the roots of the plant with oxygen. Simultaneously with loosening the soil, they combat weed grass and thinning of seedlings. They loosen and weed the soil several times a season. It is most convenient to do this after watering or good rain. Loosening should be done very carefully, trying not to damage the root system of plants with the tool.

Flowers can be grown using seedlings or sown with seeds directly into open ground. With the seedling method, more early flowering crops, but without seedlings - it is less labor-intensive, therefore it is very popular among gardeners.

Perennials, many types of annuals that do not have a very long period of time from planting to flowering, as well as plants that do not tolerate transplantation well - poppies, nasturtiums, eschscholzia, morning glory, matthiola, lupine, cornflowers, cosmos, etc. are planted directly into the ground.

Deadlines spring planting depends on climate zone On average, seeds are sown from April to the end of May, when the threat of frost has passed.

In mid-April, you can sow seeds of alyssum, eschscholzia, sweet pea, flax, calendula, matthiola, poppies, godetia, mignonette, ornamental cereals.

Already at the end of April - beginning of May, delphiniums are planted, different types carnation, annual phlox, nasturtium, gypsophila, asters, various varieties of marigolds, purslane.

At the end of May, crops are planted that germinate at high temperatures- morning glory, daisies, forget-me-nots, pansies.

Seeds of some flowers (asters, cornflowers, lavender, kochia, cosmos, lavatera, delphinium, yarrow, etc.) can be planted in the fall, before the first frost. This method allows you to undergo natural hardening and stratification, as well as get earlier flowering.

Soil preparation

Before planting, the soil must be dug up and fertilizer applied. Heavy soil (clay, loam) is dug up just before sowing crops, as it tends to compact very quickly. It is a good idea to add compost, peat or sawdust to such soils (in the fall) to improve their structure. In loose and light fertile soils the seeds germinate well and amicably, thanks to this the plants flower earlier.

Planting seeds in the ground

Flower seeds can be pre-soaked in a solution of special preparations - growth stimulants. This treatment will allow them not only to sprout faster, but also improve resistance to diseases, and also speed up further development shoots

Seeds that are too small are sown dry. For a more uniform distribution over the surface, they are sometimes mixed with sand.

The wet soil is first leveled with a rake, then the seeds are sown in special grooves or scattered and sprinkled with a layer of soil. Seeds that are too large are planted in separate holes (nests). Planting depth depends on the type of plant, but general rules equal to twice the diameter of the seed. They are then covered with a layer of soil and watered if necessary.

The seeds of some plants - purslane, petunias, etc., tend to germinate only in the light, so they are evenly scattered over the surface and not sprinkled, but only lightly pressed to the ground.

Before the first shoots sprout, the soil must always be kept moist. To reduce moisture loss, you can cover the soil surface with a film before the first shoots appear.

Summer residents and amateur flower growers have to experience the difficulty of growing flower seedlings or sowing seeds in open ground. It takes a lot of effort to fill the area with a unique fragrance and bloom of various flowers.

There are many varieties of flowers that are planted in open ground using seedlings. This method is very labor-intensive. After all, the seedlings will have to be grown at home: prepare the soil, containers or cups in advance, allocate a place, ensure the flow of daylight and artificial light. Buying ready-made seedlings is very expensive, and no one can guarantee that they will take root and not die. Against this background, the method of sowing seeds in open ground seems much simpler.

In the middle zone, sowing seeds in the ground begins in April or May, as soon as the soil warms up a little.

These are flowers from short term growing season: nasturtium, gypsophila, cornflower, calendula, chamomile, primrose, sunflower and many others.

For any crop, sowing seeds in open ground begins with preparing the soil. To provide adequate nutrition to plants during flowering and growth, we apply organic and mineral fertilizers.

We dig up the soil onto the bayonet of a shovel, level it with a rake and remove weeds and large clods of earth that will interfere with sowing the seeds. In April, they begin sowing in open ground such cold-resistant crops as columbine, chickweed, bluebell, crocuses, cornflower, and calendula. Crocuses - perennials that bloom with the onset of the first warm days of April - will tell us about the time when the soil warms up. The crocus has bloomed - the soil has warmed up for sowing cold-resistant varieties of flowers. For example, calendula.

The flower, which can reproduce by self-seeding, is cold-resistant, is not afraid of drought and rain, and is unpretentious in care.

In April, we plant the seeds of this crop in prepared beds to a depth of 3-5 centimeters. Shoots appear on days 12-20. If the sowing turns out to be very dense, it is necessary to thin out. The plant begins to bloom at the end of June and until frost pleases the eye with bright yellow and orange flowers. Also in April, when the leaves bloom on the birch trees, perennials are planted: delphinium, carnation, violets, doronicum.

One of the most beautiful, long-flowering and unpretentious perennials- violets.

This crop is planted directly into the ground in April. Small seeds are mixed with sand to make it easier to sow. In the prepared bed, make furrows 2-3 centimeters deep, water it, and sow the seeds. Sprinkle earth on top. You can cover the top with film. After germination, the film is removed. After the appearance of 4-5 true leaves, the plants are transplanted to permanent place.

Depending on the variety of violets, they can begin to bloom as early as July. Care consists of loosening, watering, removing weeds, and fertilizing. In the second year, the flowering time of violets is from June to frost. The fruits of flowers are capsules with seeds. Collect them, dry them, clear them of flowers, and by next April you will have good planting material for new plants. Sown in May heat-loving crops, the seedlings of which are afraid of lower temperatures. There is no point in planting the seeds of such plants in cold soil - until the soil warms up to +15, there will be no seedlings, and if the plants freeze again, they may die. Let's look at a few examples.

How to plant flowers?

Sunflower. A very bright, beautiful, unpretentious plant. In the second half of May, we soak the seeds overnight. We immediately choose a permanent place for planting. In the prepared bed we make small depressions, 5-6 centimeters, water, lower the seed, and sprinkle with earth. Usually shoots appear after 10 – 14 days. The plant begins to grow vigorously. The flowering period is from July to September.

Sunflowers will not only decorate country cottage area, in September you can collect good harvest sunflower seeds This crop will appeal to gardeners who are constantly short of time. Caring for sunflowers after planting consists of tying them to a support as they grow, weeding and watering at least 1-2 times a month.

Cornflower. It can be either an annual or a member of the perennial family. An annual plant can grow up to 50 centimeters in height and is not very wide. But a two-year-old cornflower can grow up to 1 meter in height and become a small bush. Such features must be taken into account when planting so that the plants do not shade each other. Cornflowers love sunny places with sandy soil. They do not like excessive humidity.

The color of cornflowers can be blue or pink.

In the prepared bed we make furrows 2-3 centimeters deep, water it, lay out the seeds so that later we don’t have to thin out, and sprinkle with soil.

Among annuals, there are plants that will sprout and grow better if planted in the fall. For example, a watershed. It can be sown in a permanent place in October. The stratification through which the planting material will pass will have a positive effect on the germination of the crop in the spring. Flowers will be less vulnerable to diseases and pests. The flower bed for the catchment area should be placed on sunny side. The distance between the bushes is 30 centimeters. Flowering period is from June to July. Care: loosening, fertilizing, abundant watering during periods of drought. One of the unpretentious flowers when grown in open ground is the annual bindweed. The plant is an annual plant, planted with seeds in May. We sow seeds in the prepared bed in open ground. The distance between flowers is at least 20 centimeters. This unpretentious plant, no more than 30 centimeters in height, can grow in poor soils and alpine roller coaster. Basic care is feeding and watering in dry weather. Flowering period is from July to September.

Any perennials that sprout quickly and have large seeds can be sown in greenhouses or given a separate bed for them. After the shoots appear, it will be more convenient to plant the plants. Sowing seeds in open ground of perennials in early spring Not recommended.

Over the summer, all the plant’s energy will be spent on the formation of leaves and rosettes, but there will be no flowers in the first year. If the plant manages to bloom, the root system will not be able to gain enough strength to survive the winter and the plant may die. Do not forget that when sowing planting material In cold and damp soil, the seeds may rot and not sprout at all. Each region has its own timing for planting flower seeds in open ground, which must be adhered to. For each plant, read the planting instructions on the seed packet. There, manufacturers describe in detail the time of sowing seeds, the growing season of the plant, and the distance that must be observed when planting.

There are several ways to sow seeds:

• Scattered. This method is used when sowing seeds in seedling containers. The seeds are sown by hand. For ease of sowing small seeds they can be mixed with fine river sand or chalk powder;
• In rows. In this case, rows are made in seedling boxes or in open ground and the seeds are laid out in this way;
• Gnezdovoy. This method is convenient for planting large seeds in open ground.

In the first half of May in central Russia, you can sow the following flower seeds in the ground:

Ammobium. A beautiful dried flower grown as. Its seeds are small. They sprout in 7-14 days. Drought-resistant, light-loving and completely undemanding plant to soil.

Cornflower . A very easy flower to grow. It is better to immediately sow flying seeds in the chosen place in the flower garden, because plants have taproot and they react painfully to the transplant. The seeds germinate after a week. The distance between plants should be maintained at about 35-40 cm from each other, as they bush well. Cornflowers give abundant self-seeding.

Iberis. Fragrant flowers. Abundant flowering. Small seeds germinate in about two weeks. If you prune the plants after the first wave of flowering and feed them, then by autumn the flowering will repeat. Does not like wet soils or shade. When sown in early May, flowering will occur at the end of July.

Calendula. Large seeds, easy to sow, germinate in 8-12 days. Gives self-seeding. Very useful plant for the garden and for health.

Cosmea (beauty). Its seeds are large. They germinate within a week. Blooms 90 days after germination. Cosmea also self-sows, but the flowers grown from self-sowing become smaller.

Flax annual. Seeds are sown directly into the flower garden, without replanting. An unpretentious, profusely flowering plant. Gives self-seeding.

Mattiola ( night violet) . An easy to grow and very fragrant plant. It is sown at several times with an interval of several weeks, as it is fast. Mattiola is a favorite of flower growers.

Nigella (maiden in green, blackie). Blooms quickly, unpretentious. Can be re-sowed during the summer. Gives self-seeding. The seeds are used in cooking and medicine.

Annual chrysanthemums. Flowering occurs only in autumn, after three months.

In the second half of May the following are sown in the ground:

Helichrysum. A beautiful dried flower for winter bouquets. The seeds are small and germinate in 7-12 days. Blooms 60-65 days after germination.

Godetia. The seeds are small. They sprout in two weeks. When sown in early May, flowering will occur in July. Loves a sunny place.

Clarkia. It is preferable to sow seeds directly into the flower garden, since the plants do not like transplanting. Shoots appear 10-14 days after sowing. Leave a distance of at least 20-25 cm between plants. It blooms with “roses”.

Lavatera. The seeds are quite large. Shoots appear after 10-14 days. Plants bloom 65-75 days after germination. Looks beautiful in mixborders. Not demanding on soils, drought-resistant, light-loving.

Malopa. Tall annual, up to 1 m tall. Seedlings appear in 10-12 days. It is better to sow in a permanent place, excluding picking. Blooms in July.

Nasturtium. It blooms two months after germination. Seedlings are sensitive to spring frosts. The leaves, flowers and green seeds are used in cooking and medicine.

Nemesia. The seeds are very small. They shouldn't even be covered with soil. Enough to roll it in. They emerge quickly in the light. A very light-loving plant. When shaded, it begins to wither and stretch out. Nemesia blooms 50-65 days after germination. It is better to replant seedlings at a very young age. Root system sensitive to transplants. A very impressive plant.

Nemophila. It is very rare to find this plant in flower beds. Although the seeds have been sold in Russia for a long time. A completely unpretentious and very effective plant. The flowers resemble open bells. Grows like sunny places, and in semi-shaded areas. When sown in May, flowering will occur in July. Sowing of seeds is carried out superficially.

Decorative sunflower. The ease of growing and the fashion for unusualness have made these plants popular in flower beds. It is important to maintain the distance between seedlings. Between low growing plants leave at least 30-35 cm, between high ones - at least 65-70 cm.

Mignonette is fragrant. Prized for its unique aroma. Seeds germinate within a week, and seedlings bloom in an average of 70 days.

Decorative pumpkin. Sowing seeds is similar to table varieties of pumpkin.

Phlox. The seeds take a long time to germinate, about two to three weeks. Therefore, before sowing, it is preferable to keep them in water for a day to swell. When the third leaf appears, the crowns are pinched for greater tillering of the plants. It blooms until late autumn if the phlox gets enough sunlight.

Eschscholzia (California poppy). Sowing is carried out directly into the flower garden, because the plants have a tap root and do not like transplanting. Doesn't grow well on dense soil wet soils. Light-loving, drought-resistant (watering only in dry weather).

The best days for sowing flower seeds are in May 2015: May 1, 2, 21, 22, 25...29.