DHW on one unit: what is it. What is thermal energy for hot water supply? How to calculate payment for water heating
Direct-flow water supply is a system consisting of pumping station and pipe outlets. Recirculating water supply is more than economical option, because it uses fewer resources. Concept cold water heating for DHW means heating cold water for hot water supply. An additional line has appeared in receipts for payment for this service. It is necessary to understand in detail how legal the charges are.
Preheating cold water for domestic hot water means heating cold water to produce hot water supply.
All services in receipts are regulated by Article 154 of the Housing Code. Cold water supply means cold water supply, and DHW supply means hot water supply.
Residential and industrial premises must be provided with optimal temperature.
According to accepted standards, values should be in the range of +50-60 °C.
Operators adjust readings depending on conditions environment. For heating, central and autonomous systems. Users of central water supply pay for hot water heating. Off-grid residents pay for gas and electricity.
Expert opinion
Mironova Anna Sergeevna
The cold water heating service includes several parameters. There are dead-end and looped boiler rooms that ensure the operation of the entire system. Uninterrupted operation is ensured using equipment and optimal conditions work.
On the receipt DHW service includes:
- Heating of water using equipment in boiler rooms and supplying it to the finished consumer.
- Carrying out preventative work for maintenance of systems and mechanisms of heating equipment. Planned work and repair of routes in hot water supply networks.
- Restoring the operation of boiler rooms around the clock. DHW is supplied on an ongoing basis, but in summer the power is used sparingly.
Accordingly, payment is made for heat and water.
Residents faced with systematic temperature loss are forced to burn their own water using a boiler and other automatic devices. The DHW service also remains on their receipts. To understand this situation, you need to turn to the legislation.
Thermal energy and heating in risers, as well as in heated towel rails, were not paid for until 2013.
Since 2013, Resolution No. 406 was adopted. It is based on the decision that users central system must pay bills on time on two counts. The two-component tariff in receipts implies thermal energy for water heating and cold water supply. In heating systems of a residential building, there are energy losses that are taken into account when creating standards.
Thermal energy and heating in risers, as well as in heated towel rails, were not paid for until 2013. Heat consumption was all year round. Consumers paid only for the cubic meters of water they used, which was calculated using a coefficient.
To get out of this situation, the readings were divided into two components, and additional services appeared in the receipt for hot water supply.
At this time, payments for heating began to be charged only from April to October. The consumer now knows what bills are paid for. Starting from 2020, it is planned to approve consumption standards. There will be an additional charge for overspending.
Water heating equipment
Water for premises in an apartment building is heated using equipment in the boiler room. Professional installations include several DHW modules that ensure high-quality delivery of service to the consumer.
Main characteristics:
- amount of fuel used;
- thermal power of equipment;
- maximum pressure in the system;
- heated water temperature;
- terms of use of the system.
Boiler equipment is selected depending on the rules and established standards.
Boiler equipment is divided into categories I and II. It is selected depending on the rules and established standards. When working, accuracy in measurements and work is important.
Standard system includes:
- piping system;
- boiler equipment;
- pumping systems;
- wastewater treatment plants;
- gas equipment.
The operation of heating networks and heat supply is ensured by high-quality equipment. When systems fail, the service organization must promptly correct the failure. Supply hot water should be on a regular basis. Additional maintenance fees for apartment building property may apply.
Expert opinion
Mironova Anna Sergeevna
Generalist lawyer. Specializes in family issues, civil, criminal and housing law
An alternative option for heating hot water is the use of automatic boilers. But because of this, the consumer will have to pay for gas and electricity. The double payment option is not profitable.
Cold water is calculated simply, according to consumption, at established tariffs. The cost of thermal energy resulting from mechanical vibrations is calculated taking into account the rules and regulations.
Components of the service:
- Established tariffs for the generation of thermal energy.
- Possible costs for servicing complexes and systems.
- Energy losses in pipelines during transportation.
- The cost of services for delivering water to the consumer.
Payment for hot water supply is based on water consumption in m3. The readings of an individual apartment are taken into account, as well as values for general needs. It is customary to multiply the total consumption on the meter by specific values. The resulting values are multiplied by the tariff. In the receipt, calculations are made automatically. In order to check the work of housing and communal services or a service organization, you can independently obtain the values.
Hot water supply is an expensive service on the bill.
How to make your own calculation
Hot water supply is an expensive service on the bill. For high-quality supply of hot water, specialized equipment and its maintenance are required. To independently calculate the costs of domestic hot water, you need to take into account the rules and know all the components. First of all, you need to find out the tariff for thermal energy.
Dependence on metering devices:
- If there is a meter, the coefficient for heating water is taken from its readings.
- In the absence of metering devices, standard standard values are accepted.
Energy for heating for the needs of the house is proportionally divided among all owners, depending on the area of the premises. Standard values are used in the absence of a common meter.
- Q – total volume of thermal energy;
- Vtot. – volume consumed for heating;
- Vind. – individual volume for each apartment.
- V – total volume of water consumption;
- N – standard values for consumption.
The results of calculating DHW depend on the cost of the elements in the formula, the presence of meters, and the type of heating supply to the house. It is better to take readings from communal meters with the person responsible for the house and a representative of the service organization.
Complaint due to incorrect calculation of receipt
After receiving discrepancies in the DHW data, first of all, they contact the organization providing the services. If they refuse to return the difference after an oral request, then the claim must be submitted in writing. An application is submitted to the General Director.
Sample application to the Criminal Code regarding the procedure for calculating rent.
You can leave the paper in person at the reception desk or send it by registered mail with confirmation of receipt. The response must be received in writing no more than 13 days from the date of receipt.
The management company should not ignore the request, but there are cases when a response is not received within the established time frame. Also, in case of refusal, they file an appeal to the court or prosecutor's office. The basis will be Article 395 of the Civil Code. An application to the administration is also in an effective way solve the problem of. The supplier must fully reimburse the costs caused by the calculation error.
You need to be patient, because it takes time to resolve the issue of recalculating the values for DHW.
The decision can be appealed and additionally contact Rospotrebnadzor.
There are reasons, because the service is not supplied in full, and the readings are erroneous.
Results
Water heating is an important service provided by the service organization. Payment is made in accordance with the law on hot water supply. The calculation is carried out automatically, but each consumer can check the received calculations. In case of an error, the difference must be compensated by recalculation. An additional column will appear on the receipt.
Advice from lawyers:
1. Our water is heated by a boiler. There is a gas boiler for heating. And in the receipt for gas (water heating). Is this legal?
1.1. Show your receipt. If this is additional line, then it’s illegal, but if it’s one line, then everything is fine.
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Not really
2. Tell me, is there a column for heating cold water in the bills? Is it legal?! Thank you!
2.1. It all depends on how the water is heated and supplied to you
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does the house have its own boiler room or is water supplied to you centrally?
3. Is there a certain tariff for water heating and hot water supply services?
4. (Is it legal to pay the Count for water heating.
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4.1. ---Hello, naturally legal. If you are centralized, heated water is supplied. Good luck to you and all the best, with respect, lawyer Ligostaeva A.V. :sm_ax:
5. What does water heating mean on the calculation sheet if there is already a coolant column.
I wish you good luck and all the best!
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6. In the receipt for payment of housing and communal services there was an item for heating hot water. Is this legal?
6.1. --- Hello, why haven’t they sold you hot water before? He always had to be present. Good luck to you and all the best, with respect, lawyer Ligostaeva A.V. :sm_ax:
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6.2. Obviously, in your apartment building, hot water is obtained by heat exchange. That is, with the heat coming from the thermal power plant, COLD water is heated and supplied, already heated, to the apartments.
Accordingly, the price of 1 cubic. m. GW consists of the price of 1 cubic meter. m. HW + prices of thermal energy used to heat this very cold water.
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8. House-wide water heating in the summer. What is it?
8.1. New wording from July 1, 2017, general heating = hot water (now there is separate cold water and its heating to hot water in some houses)
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9. Since 2020, a new payment for soy has been introduced - cold and hot water, heating of hot water and waste water for all this water. Can I ask the management company based on what they established the volumes of consumption of these services.
9.1. Vladimir! Sure you can.
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10. Water is supplied to the kindergarten from the heating system. Payments are made as a coolant with cold water supply. Heated. What to do. This is a criminal offense. Technical water.
10.1. These issues are dealt with by sanitary and epidemiological surveillance. You can contact them with a statement.
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11. We have a boiler installed in our apartment building to heat water. And the receipt shows the bill for hot water and hot water heating. Is this legal?
11.1. No, you only pay the tariff for cold water.
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12. Apartment in social. hiring The payment slip contains 15 items, namely: 1. Wastewater disposal.
2. HVS for the maintenance of common property.
3. Energy for the maintenance of common property
4 Drainage
5.Water supply
6. Water supply and sanitation
7. MSW management
8. FC for water heating
9. Heat supply
10. Video surveillance
11. Snow removal
12. Intercom
13 Hiring
14. Maintenance of common property
15. Tech. elevator maintenance.
So which of these should I pay monthly? Thank you.
12.1. Very “cunning” compilers of this receipt. But that’s not about that now.
All payments related to the maintenance of common property (CP) of an apartment building are obligatory for you - these are cold water supply, EE CP, video surveillance, intercom and rental, if your apartment is owned by the municipality, heat supply and water heating (DHW), waste management and , perhaps elevator maintenance, but there is no certainty due to the lack of information about the management of your home.
Here I also see doubling of payments for water supply and sewerage, as well as separate payment for services that you pay to the management company, HOA, TSN, etc., because I don’t know how your house is managed.
You can also write a request to your management company, HOA, TSN for an explanation of each of the payments. If their answer does not suit you or they do not give you an answer, then I advise you to contact the Prosecutor's Office with a copy of the receipt attached, because There is a doubling, or even a double-over, of public services - water supply and sanitation.
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13. Is it legal for energy sales to require payment for heating and thermal energy for heating water? Everything is clear with heating, everything is legal. I'm interested in the second part of the question, provided that the apartment is in an apartment building with central heating, we haven’t lived in the apartment itself for 1.5 years and the meter readings have not changed (cold and hot water).
13.1. If you don't use hot water and regularly submit readings with zeros, then there can be no heating.
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Consultation on your issue
Calls from landlines and mobiles are free throughout Russia
14. We have finished checking the hot water meter. We contacted the management company. And they said that we would do repairs. They calculated for us according to the average with an increased coefficient. After this, the Criminal Code was changed. All receipts were delivered on time. And now it turns out that the management company did not consider water heating for us. They want to issue an invoice for all this time. Is this legal?
14.1. What you wrote down is not a fact. You need to look at the documents and only then make a decision on your problem.
Contact a lawyer or attorney.
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15. In the payment receipt, cold and hot water are counted together, plus water heating, is this legal,
15.1. The tariff for cold and hot is different. Count it yourself.
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16. How is heating of water from the heating system calculated in an apartment building with a meter and without a meter?
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17. Previously, the receipt had a line for heated hot water and the price for cold and heated cold water was the same (25 rubles), since the boiler is in the basement, but now they write hot water and the price is 156 rubles, nothing has changed, only the name. Is this legal?
17.1. Lyudmila. Of course not. You need to contact the Criminal Code in writing for clarification on charging a fee for a service not provided.
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18. Management company an order was issued on September 12, 2018 to eliminate license violations. (insufficient water heating). The order has been fulfilled. On 10/29/18, a letter was received regarding the removal of the order from control.
However, on November 20, 2018, the Magistrate Court scheduled a hearing against the Management Company under Article 14.1.3 Part 2 of the Administrative Code.
There is a fairly large fine. How to build a defense? What to refer to? Thank you.
18.1. ABOUT LICENSING
BUSINESS MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES
APARTMENT BUILDINGS
59. The inspected person is obliged to fulfill the order within the period specified therein and submit a notification of execution of the order to the State Housing Supervision Authority.
60. The notification shall be accompanied by duly executed copies of documents confirming the fulfillment of the requirements specified in the order.
61. If the inspected person fails to submit a notice of execution of the order within the established time frame, the authorized person of the State Housing Supervision Authority:
1) notifies the inspected person about the extension of the deadline for eliminating violations (if there are valid reasons that did not allow the specified violations to be eliminated within the established time frame) and sends a repeated order to the inspected person;
2) considers the issue of bringing the person being inspected to administrative liability in the prescribed manner.
62. If, within the prescribed period, the inspected person does not eliminate the violation of licensing requirements, the State Housing Supervision Authority is obliged to go to court
If there were good reasons indicate them, preferably with documentary confirmation. And indicate to the court that you have made every effort and means to eliminate the violation as quickly as possible.
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19. My husband is a contract worker and we live in a service apartment. Our tariffs for water heating and heating are very high. Not a single management company in the city has such tariffs; it is very difficult for employers with a salary of 28 thousand rubles, of which 15 must be paid public utilities. Where can we go to get tariffs reduced?
19.1. According to the Housing Code of the Russian Federation, the owners of residential premises make decisions on tariffs for services, write a report addressed to the owner and let them initiate a meeting.
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19.2. Absolutely nowhere. Heating tariffs are approved by the constituent entity of the Russian Federation. If you pay more than 22% of your total family income for utilities, you have the right to apply for a subsidy.
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20. Does the homeowners association have the right to charge a fee for heating water if cold water has been flowing from the hot tap for the entire month. The water did not heat up, the boiler room did not work.
20.1. The HOA does not have the right to charge for heating if in fact there was no heating.
"Civil Code Russian Federation(part two)" dated January 26, 1996 N 14-FZ, Chapter 39. Paid provision of services.
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21. Three years ago we bought an apartment in a new building. Due to the current difficult life situation I didn't pay for heating. Now I pay through bailiffs. I found out that we have to pay for water heating every month according to the meter, which I haven’t done before. Because I didn’t pay for three years, I got about 1800 for each month. If you add it up over three years, there will be a large amount that I’m paying now. Tell me, if I start paying the bills now, the amount will be recalculated or only through the court.
21.1. You need to write a statement to the Criminal Code indicating the latest meter readings, and if up to this point you were charged according to the standard, you are required to recalculate, but only for the period that was not included in the court order.
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22. The receipt for water heating showed the amount of 980 rubles, while there was no consumption of hot water and cold water, because In the summer we live in the country. Is this legal?
22.1. If you have individual metering devices, then the amount charged for heating is calculated based on the water meter readings. Since you were absent from the apartment and there was no water consumption, then, therefore, all this should have been displayed on the meter.
By order of the Committee on Tariffs and Prices of the Moscow Region dated December 13, 2014 No. 149-R “On setting tariffs for hot water for 2015,” a two-component tariff for hot water was approved on the basis of Resolution of the Russian Federation dated May 13, 2013 No. 406 “On government regulation tariffs in the field of water supply and sanitation." The procedure for calculating and paying fees for utility services is defined in the Rules for the provision of utility services, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 354. Accordingly, the procedure for calculating payments for hot water has been changed. Now the fee for 1 cubic meter of hot water consists of two components:
First- fee for 1 cubic meter of cold water.
Second- payment for thermal energy that was spent on heating 1 cubic meter of cold water.
The cold water component is the volume of cold water (CW) for hot water supply needs. In the presence of individual devices metering (meters), this component is determined - according to the readings of the hot water metering device (DHW), in the absence of an individual metering device - according to the standard, i.e. 3.5 cubic meters per 1 person. per month.
From January 1, 2015, residents apartment buildings in the city of Lyubertsy, which are equipped with common house metering devices, charges for payment for hot water are made according to a two-component tariff: the cold water component for DHW and the thermal energy component for DHW.
Payment for hot water for residents of the house must also be made according to a two-part tariff. The house is equipped with common house hot water metering devices. Payment for hot water from 07/01/2015 must be calculated according to the current two-component tariff: the cold water component for DHW (at a tariff of 33.28 rubles / cubic meter) and the thermal energy (TE) component for DHW at a tariff of 2141.46 rubles ./Gcal.
In receipts for payment for housing and communal services from July 1, 2015, “Hot water supply” is indicated in two lines:
Cold water supply for hot water supply - the volume of cold water (cold water supply) for hot water supply needs;
TE for hot water supply - thermal energy spent on heating 1 cubic meter of cold water.
The readings of a common house meter - the amount of hot water for the current month and the amount of thermal energy consumed in the current month for circulation and heating of the specified amount of water are shown on back side receipts, for example, are as follows:
1089.079 cu.m. m. - PV for hot water supply (physical water for hot water supply);
110.732 Gcal. - TE for hot water supply (thermal energy for hot water supply).
The actual amount of thermal energy that is spent on heating 1 cubic meter of cold water for a home is determined based on the total volume of thermal energy to the total volume of hot water for the current month, which is:
= TE for DHW / PV for DHW = 110.732 Gcal. / 1089.079 cu.m. m. = 0.1017 Gcal/cub.m
then, the actual cost of thermal energy spent on heating 1 cubic meter of water in the current month will be:
0.1017 Gcal/cub.m x 2141.46 rub. for 1 Gcal. = 217.79 rub.
Please note that the amount of thermal energy spent on heating 1 cubic meter of cold water in each billing month may differ, because is a calculated value and depends on the amount (volume) of hot water consumed by the house in the current month and the amount of thermal energy spent on circulating and heating this volume. Every month, these readings are taken from the general house heat energy meter and transferred to the heat supply organization and at the same time recorded on the back of the receipt for each current month.
Introduction:
The topic of calculating fees for utilities is one of the most complex. For those who have not encountered the problem before, it is difficult to figure it out right away, and there seems to be no time for it.
However, let's try.
For calculations, RF PP No. 354 is used (procedure and methods for all occasions), RF PP No. 307 (only for heating and only until July 1, 2016, then RF PP No. 354 is in effect), RF PP No. 306 (standards).
The text of the documents is complex and practically inaccessible to mass payers. There is no clear system in notation physical quantities, which may confuse the reader, there are no names of physical quantities used in the calculation formulas and explanations. It was as if they were writing for themselves. Like we know it ourselves, but others don’t need to know.
And one more initial note. Gentlemen from the management company and from the developer often show great joy regarding the “energy efficiency” of new buildings, in particular our area.
The essence of energy efficiency is strict accounting of all utility resources and measures to save them. Let's see in the course of the discussion how justified such “joy” is.
Since we have DHW system closed, that is, non-centralized, then the corresponding section of the RF PP No. 354 (Appendix 2, Section IV) is used for calculations, when the production of a utility service, in in this case DHW is carried out by the contractor (MC) on our ITP equipment from the common property.
Regarding this very concept of “production” of hot water supply by the contractor, we will not go into details for now. This is a separate rather “murky” and controversial topic, who actually produces what and how.
Let us only note that according to RF PP No. 354, clause 54 of the Rules, it is clearly stated that fees for the maintenance of common property (ITP equipment, where the service provider heats water for hot water supply) are charged separately. That is, “production” - operating costs for this common property are included in the payment for the maintenance and repair of common property and are not included in the calculation of payment for hot water supply.
So, what needs to be taken into account to calculate the DHW fee?
Total cold consumption drinking water(via the cold water line) supplied to heating for DHW.
The total consumption of thermal energy taken in boilers from the coolant from the centralized supply of thermal energy (heating).
Everything seemed simple. I divided the total heat consumption (heating) by the total volume of cold water that was used for hot water supply and the order. Received specific consumption heat per cubic meter of hot water.
However, our receipts do not account for the total volume of cold water and hot water separately.
And individual consumption data for DHW and cold water cannot be used due to systematic measurement error apartment meters. Therefore, the concept of ODN was introduced to eliminate this systematic error and accurately total water consumption for the entire house using a common house meter.
In this sense, RF PP No. 354 is not presented entirely correctly and has long since become outdated in some places, when it is proposed to base calculations on the total readings of the IPU if there is no common house meter, but the authors of the regulatory text completely forgot about the systematic error of apartment IPU (dead zone IPU at low water flows).
According to the law “On Energy Saving...”, the first thing that must be done is to install common household meters, and where there is no technical possibility due to the design of the house, technical feasibility must be created by reconstructing (extension) the premises for the installation of utility metering units.
General household metering of utility resources is not beneficial to utility workers, which is why they sabotage the process. It's easier to cheat in troubled waters.
Also, in our ITP, we do not have a separate accounting of the consumption of thermal energy, which is spent on DHW heating. At least this is not clear from the content of the information given in the receipt.
But what about the super duper energy efficient ITP? Isn’t this too simple for a super duper energy-efficient ITP with “space technologies”?
Have you installed one common cold water meter and one common thermal energy meter for the entire block and are as happy as elephants?
And according to the Law, every single house must be equipped with metering devices.
How then does our ITP differ from the usual heating unit of an old Soviet house?
Why are we being told over and over again about energy efficiency?
I want some rogue - a “money pump” under an energy service agreement to “authoritatively” declare that we need to install metering devices to increase energy efficiency.
It is already clear to us that we need a comprehensive accounting of utility resources.
Who stopped you from installing a two-channel heat energy meter? Was it difficult to install a meter to account for the flow of make-up water for the hot water system?
And if they do exist, then why aren’t their readings used in calculations and not indicated on receipts?
15.12.2014
The Moscow Housing and Public Utilities Department has published a brochure “How to understand the ENP.”
Every month, Muscovites take out the Unified Payment Document (UPD) from their mailbox - a receipt for payment for housing and communal services. The document contains all the information about housing and communal services: tariffs, consumption volumes, charges, etc. It can be difficult to understand, and Muscovites often ask questions about what this or that column means.
What information does the EPD contain?:
1
. Full name – last name, first name, patronymic of the owner/responsible tenant.
2
. Address of the residential premises at which payments for housing and communal services were made.
3
. Barcode. Graphic representation of 28 digital characters. Required for paying for EPD via electronic terminals.
4
. The month for which the EPD was formed.
5
. Personal code payer. It is this that must be indicated when paying for housing and communal services at terminals, ATMs and via the Internet.
6
. Information about the managing organization: name, address, contact details.
7
. Information about the residential premises: type of ownership (own or state (municipal), total and residential area, number of registered (privileged categories of the population are indicated separately), date of creation of this EAP and the date of the last payment for housing and communal services.
8
. Types of services for which accruals are made.
Abbreviations used:
Cold water/hot water supply– cold/hot water supply
Drainage– Water disposal (sewerage)
CPU– apartment metering device
DPU- communal metering device
Cod. and repair.– maintenance and repair of residential premises within the social norm
Sod.and repair l.p.iz.pl.- maintenance and repair of residential premises (excess space)
Sod.and repair.re.lived.- maintenance and repair of residential premises (for those who have a second home or owners who are not registered in the apartment)
Heating main pl.- heating of the main area
Fear.– voluntary insurance
9
. Volumes of consumption of housing and communal services. Each service uses its own units of measurement: water supply and sewerage cubic meters ( cubic meter), maintenance and repair, social rent of housing - sq. m. (square meters), heating - Gcal (gigacalories), gas is charged based on the number of registered.
10
. Current tariffs per unit of service.
11
. The amount of charges for services (the product of column 9 by column 10).
12
. Information on the amount of benefits for certain types of housing and communal services.
13
. Information about recalculation. For example, recalculation for temporary absence and recalculation for services of inadequate quality.
14
. Accruals payable for the service, taking into account benefits and recalculation.
That is why the Moscow Housing and Public Utilities Department issued a brochure “How to understand the United payment document", where in an accessible language it is explained what information is contained in the payment document, the procedure and method of calculation for each utility service, as well as much more useful information, necessary to “read” the payment document.
The brochure will help you understand how to correctly apply marginal indices, who is entitled to social support measures for housing and communal services, and what threatens persistent defaulters for housing and communal services debts.
What is EPD
The unified payment document is a kind of “calling card” of the city system of payments and charges for housing and communal services.
A single payment document is generated every month by specialists from the Multifunctional Centers for the provision of public services of the city of Moscow (MFC) or state government institutions "Engineering Services" of the districts (GKU IS) and is delivered to residents by the 15th. On average, employees of the city settlement and accrual system generate about 4 million (!) payment documents per month.
When creating a payment document, a huge database is used: addresses and surnames of owners and tenants of residential and non-residential premises, a list of services and their suppliers, information about social support measures, etc. This entire array of information is being processed computer program ASU EIRTS. Several thousand specialists take part in the creation of the ENP. And all to ensure that the payment document ends up in your mailbox.
Control of EPD delivery together with residents
The city has a well-established system for monitoring the timing of delivery of payment documents. If the payment document is delivered later than the 15th day of the month, please report this to the EPD delivery quality control service.
To leave a message about late delivery of a payment document, you must fill out a form on the website of the State Public Institution “Coordination Center for GU IS” www.is.mos.ru.
ATTENTION
Some residents and management organizations have decided to make payments and charges for housing and communal services on their own. Their payment documents for housing and communal services may differ from the Unified Payment Document. The information contained in the brochure and further in the article relates exclusively to the ENP.
What do we pay for?
The services specified in the payment document can be divided into several parts. Housing services, these include the “Rent” service (payment for residential premises for the tenant), and the “Housing Maintenance and Repair” service. Utilities: hot and cold water supply, water disposal (sewage), heating, gas supply. In some areas of the capital, electricity is also included in the ENP. But in most cases, this utility service is paid for on a separate receipt. The payment document also includes other services: locking device, radio, antenna.
Rates, prices and tariffs for housing and utility services are established by the Moscow Government. Thus, tariffs for housing and communal services for 2014 were approved by Decree of the Moscow Government dated November 26, 2013 No. 748-PP.
The cost of services classified as “other” is determined civil contract and are not regulated by the Moscow Government. Let's look at all the services in order.
Housing services
If a family uses housing on a rental basis, it pays for the rent, as well as the maintenance and repair of the living space. The rental fee is calculated based on the area of the residential premises and the rate established by the Moscow Government for a specific type of rental - social, commercial or rental of residential premises in non-subsidized buildings.
Homeowners pay for the “Maintenance and Repair of Residential Premises” service.
The cost of the service “Maintenance and repair of residential premises” includes a management fee apartment building(MKD), maintenance and current repairs of common property, work, provided for by the contract MKD management.
The amount of payment for the maintenance and repair of residential premises in an apartment building is determined by general meeting owners of premises in the house. If the owners have not decided on the amount of payment for the maintenance and repair of residential premises, the calculation is made at prices approved by the Moscow Government.
The Moscow government approves two types of prices for the maintenance and repair of residential premises:
- per area within the established standards(listed below), this price is subsidized by the Moscow Government and now for most Muscovites it is 17.84 rubles. for 1 sq. m.,
- for an area exceeding the established standards. This is the actual cost of services and maintenance work and current repairs, now for most Muscovites it is 24, 53 rub. for 1 sq.m.
The price per area within the established standards applies to registered residents who have a single residence. In the ENP this service is designated “sod. repair zh.p.”
The difference between the total area of the residential premises and the area within the established area norm (in the EPD it is designated “construction and repair of iz. zh.p.”) is paid at the price for the area established in excess of the norm. For owners who are not registered in the residential premises or who have a second home, accrual is made at the rates for the area established in excess of the norms for the entire residential premises (in the EPD it is designated “construction and renovation of second residential premises”).
To charge fees for the maintenance and repair of residential premises, the following rules apply. For a citizen living alone – 40 sq. m. total area living space, for a family of two people, 56 sq. m., for a family of three or more people, 25 sq.m. total living space for each family member.
For example, in an apartment with an area of 60.3 sq. m. 2 people are registered. The established norm for a family of two is 56 square meters. m. This means that the area within the established norms will be calculated at a price within the established norm, and the excess area will be 4.3 sq. m. m – at a price per area above the norm.
Utilities: water supply
Payments for water supply can be calculated according to the readings of apartment metering devices, according to the readings of a house metering device, or according to standards.
If you pay for water supply services using an apartment metering device (KPU), then the following abbreviations are used in the EPD: “HVS KPU”, “GVS KPU”, “Water drain. KPU" - cold and hot water supply according to the readings of the apartment water meter, water disposal (sewage) according to the readings of the KPU (the sum of the readings of cold and hot water supply).
The cost of water is calculated based on the volume according to the readings of the apartment metering device (KPU), multiplied by the tariff.
The payment document indicates the water consumption in the billing month according to the readings of the apartment meter. But if the KPU readings were not transmitted on time, they will be calculated based on the average monthly consumption volume for the previous 6 months.
If you pay using a home metering device (DPU), the payment document indicates the abbreviations: “HVS DPU”, “DHW DPU” and “Water drain. DPU" - cold and hot water supply, water disposal according to the readings of the house water meter.
Calculation of charges for cold and hot water for apartments where no control units are installed is carried out in accordance with the resolution of the Moscow Government dated February 10, 2004 No. 77-PP.
From the volume of water consumption according to the readings of the house meter, the volume of consumption for all apartment devices is subtracted, the volume of consumption for non-residential premises(if the house has, for example, shops, a hairdresser, etc.), and general house expenses are also deducted, which are determined according to the readings of the meter installed at the place where water is collected for general house needs. If there is no such device, then common household expenses are accepted to be no more than 5 percent of the volume of consumption for a common household device. The resulting balance is distributed among apartments without communal housing in proportion to the number of citizens living in them. At the same time, the resulting volume of consumption per person should not exceed two standards for the consumption of utilities.
If there are neither apartment nor house meters, charges are made according to consumption standards: 6.935 cubic meters. m of cold water per person per month, 4.745 cubic meters. m of hot water per person per month, drainage 11.68 cubic meters per person per month.
Heating and gas supply
Payment for heating residential premises in Moscow, in accordance with Moscow Government Decree No. 468-PP dated September 10, 2014, is calculated based on the average monthly heat energy consumption. To calculate it, the volume of heat consumed over the previous year is taken and divided by 12 months. Then the average monthly volume consumed by the entire house is divided by the total area of the house - this is how the amount of heat required to heat 1 is determined. square meter area of the house. The result obtained is multiplied by the total area of the apartment and the tariff.
At the beginning of each year, the management organization carries out a reconciliation of the volumes billed to the population for payment and the volumes of thermal energy actually spent for the current year. Based on the results of the reconciliation, a payment adjustment is made, which is usually indicated in the payment document in the “recalculation” column. It can be done both in the direction of increasing and in the direction of decreasing it.
In the absence of metering devices, charges are made according to consumption standards: 0.016 Gcal per 1 sq. m of total housing area.
Payment for gas supply is calculated according to the tariff for each consumer living in the apartment.
Limit indices
The maximum index for changes in the size of citizens' payments for utility services is a universal tool for monitoring charges for hot and cold water supply, sewerage, heating, and gas. Changing the fee above the maximum index is unacceptable and should entail an immediate response from the executive authorities to eliminate this situation.
In the capital, the maximum index was approved by Order of the Mayor of Moscow dated June 30, 2014 No. 542-RM and from November 1 to December 31, 2014 it is 6.5 percent. In this case, the maximum permissible deviation from the value of the limit index for a specific residential premises is 3.2 percent.
Also, in the form of formulas, the Moscow Government approved the maximum indices for changes in the amount of payments made by citizens for utility services for 2015 - 2018.
Marginal Index = Consumer Price Index x Ratio + 3.5%.
In this formula, the Consumer Price Index is calculated based on the forecast of socio-economic development of the Russian Federation for the year preceding the year for which the change indices are calculated (based on the results of 9 months). The coefficient is a decreasing or increasing coefficient for the corresponding year of the long-term period, determined taking into account the forecast of socio-economic development of Russia for this year.
How to apply marginal indices?
To determine whether the increase in utility charges exceeds the marginal index, it is necessary to compare the charges for the two periods. The fee for any month of the current year must be divided by the fee for December of last year. The resulting value must not exceed the limit index. However, for the first long-term period (from July 1 to December 2014), the selected month must be compared with June 2014.
If the change in the amount of the fee exceeds the size of the established limit index, it is necessary to seek clarification from the MFC/GKU IS of the district, the managing organization. And if you have not been able to find out the objective reasons for exceeding the maximum payment index for utility services, you should contact the State Housing Inspectorate of the city of Moscow and the city executive authorities.
Limit indices cannot be used in the following cases.
1. In relation to one utility service.
Limit indices apply to the total payment for all utility services provided to a citizen. Those. It is incorrect to say that the increase in tariffs for any particular utility service has exceeded the limit index.
2. To the total amount in the EPD.
Limit indices apply only to public services (hot and cold water supply, sewerage, heating, gas). And the ENP, in addition to them, includes charges for housing and other services.
3. To public services, if the volume of their consumption changes.
In Moscow, the majority of the population pays for utilities based on the readings of apartment or communal metering devices. Accordingly, the volume of consumption, as a rule, is not the same every month, so the payment amount varies from month to month.
In addition, the volume of utility services provided is affected by the increase in the number of citizens living or registered in residential premises. Some services are charged for each resident or registered person: gas, and in the absence of individual water meters, cold and hot water supply, sewerage.
4. If your eligibility for benefits has changed.
The amount of the payment depends on whether the citizen has benefits for paying for housing and communal services. When calculating payments, the amount of payment for a specific service is reduced by the amount of benefits provided to it for its payment. In case of loss of the right to a benefit or a change in its size, the citizen’s payment may also change in big side and its growth will exceed the approved index.
For convenience and ease of checking whether the increase in utility bills corresponds to the maximum indices, the Government of the Russian Federation has developed an information tool that allows you to make the necessary calculations online.
Currently, this information tool is posted on the websites of executive authorities of the city of Moscow.
Who is eligible for benefits?
The Moscow government provides citizens with effective system social support in the housing and communal services sector. Currently, in the capital, more than 50 categories of citizens are entitled to benefits, which is significantly more than provided for by federal legislation.
Benefits are provided in the form of discounts for no more than one apartment (residential premises) based on rates, prices and tariffs established by the Moscow Government. If a consumer has the right to social support measures for paying for housing and communal services on two or more grounds, benefits are accrued on one of them.