Rafter diagram in detail for a multi-gable roof with your own hands. Multi-gable roof: design features, main elements and shapes

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Fire safety

When erecting a roof, it is very important to carefully approach such an issue as the installation of the rafter system. This structure will form the frame of the entire roof. When creating it, you should carefully calculate everything and carry out all the work efficiently. The simplest option is . Almost anyone can do it. But this option does not suit everyone. Therefore, many choose more complex structures, one of which is a multi-gable roof. What rafter system is used in this case? How to correctly calculate and install it? This will be discussed in the article.

General concepts

The rafter system of a multi-gable roof is quite complex design. To perform its calculation and installation you need to have certain experience. But before you talk about it, you should get acquainted with the very concept of a multi-pincer design. What is this roof option? Why is she called that?

This design is a multi-slope roof. Its most important difference is the presence of gables or gable elements with a ridge. It was from them that the entire structure took its name. Each of the gables rests on one side against the rafter system of the main roof. The other end forms a pediment.

The construction of a multi-gable roof truss system has its advantages, namely:

This design has high load-bearing capacity and strength.
The rafter system of a multi-gable roof is calculated based on increased loads. This feature allows the structure to easily withstand even hurricane winds and large layers of snow.
The slopes of such roofs are quite steep. This prevents debris from accumulating on them. This means that roof maintenance is greatly simplified. In addition, such a roof, if erected correctly, for a long time does not require repair.
Thanks to the high-mounted ridge, a lot of free space is created under the multi-gable roof. This allows you to freely create additional living rooms on the attic floor.
Another advantage is that such a design can be used even in cases where the house has complex geometry.

But we shouldn’t forget about the difficulties. The rafter system of a multi-gable roof is a complex structure. If you do not have sufficient experience in construction and carpentry work, then it is better to entrust its construction to specialists.

Main design elements

As mentioned earlier, the rafter system of a multi-gable roof is several gable structures connected together. Therefore, the basic principles will also be similar. In our case, both hanging and layered rafter systems can be used. As a rule, the main structure has a large width. That's why they use it here. In extensions they are used, everything will depend on the width of the building and the presence of an axial load-bearing wall.

In addition, the rafter system of a multi-gable roof includes the following main elements:

stingrays. Their number on a multi-gable roof can differ significantly from traditional design. At the same time, the size, shape and steepness of gypsy rays can also vary;
skate There will also be several of these elements;
ribs - these elements are located at the junction of the slopes. However, they can only be in those multi-gable roofs where hips are used;
valley More than one multi-gable roof cannot do without this element. This element is located on the inner corners where two slopes meet. Endova needs to pay special attention. This is where snow can accumulate in winter. Therefore, in such places there is a large load and leaks most often occur; it is useful to read:.

Of course other elements may be present. For example, gables. They cover the ends of the pins themselves. In this case, the gables can also end the main roof, if it is not cable-stayed, it is useful to read:.

Making calculations

The rafter system of a multi-gable roof is a complex structure. Therefore, it will not be possible to do without first drawing up its diagram. But first of all, all the basic calculations should be made. Before drawing up a plan for the future rafter system of a multi-gable roof, you should find out the following basic parameters:

The height of the ridge. To do this, you should use indicators such as the width of the house or extension (depending on which structure the calculation is being made for) and the angle of inclination of the slope. Reverse calculations are often carried out. First, the desired height of the house is determined, and then the slope angle is calculated. It should be taken into account that the width of the main house and the extension will be different. This means that the angle of inclination of the rafter system of a multi-gable roof will be different for each building. This is the difficulty of such a device.
Next, you should find out the length of the main rafters. This parameter can be easily calculated from the Pythagorean formula. However, it will be different for the main building and the extension.
You should also calculate the length of the valley. This is where the rafters will be located. The Pythagorean theorem will also be used here. The endova will be the hypotenuse. The triangle itself consists of the length of the rafters of the main building and half the width of the extension.
Between the ridge and the sloped rafters there are ridges. Their length should also be determined using the Pythagorean theorem. The rafters will be shortened rafters.

Also calculated total area roofs. It will be the sum of the areas of all slopes of a multi-gable roof. This value is needed to calculate how much roofing material you will need during installation, read additional material: .

Load

The rafters of a multi-gable roof, like the entire system, must withstand all external influences. Therefore, even before you start calculating all the main parameters, you should calculate the load. Experts distinguish two types of it, namely:

permanent. This group includes the load on the rafter system of multi-gable and other types of roofs caused by the weight of the materials used. This also includes the mass of all equipment installed on the roof;
variable load. This group includes impacts from external factors. The rafter system is affected by the weight of the snow cover, which will linger on the roof. In addition, the wind also has an impact.

Knowing what angle the slopes will be on your roof, you can calculate the variable loads. By adding to them the mass of all materials used in the construction of the roof, you can determine the total impact that the entire structure must withstand, it is recommended to read:.

Knowing all the loads, you can determine the cross-section of the rafters. The greater the load, the thicker the main elements of the system should be. In addition, after such calculations, and or step is determined. Also, if necessary (for example, if the rafter legs are too long), the location of additional supporting elements is specified. After all this, a drawing is drawn up.

To carry out all these calculations correctly, especially to draw up a diagram of the future rafter system of a multi-gable roof, is a difficult task. It is better to entrust it to specialists. Or you can use special programs. With their help, having specified all the necessary data, you can not only calculate all the parameters, but also draw up a plan for the location of all components of the rafter system of a multi-gable roof.

The installation of a multi-gable roof truss system is not very different from a traditional gable roof system. All work is carried out in the following sequence:

First of all, it is produced. In the case of a multi-gable roof, this work must be done not only on all external load-bearing walls, but also on internal ones. The latter would be more correctly called lying.
Next, you should install the ridge run. Most often, a multi-gable roof over the main building is installed in a layered manner. Therefore, you cannot do without a ridge run. A hanging rafter system is most often used over the extension. In this case, the ridge run is not used.
After this, the outer rafter pairs of the main building are installed. To make it convenient to assemble structures on beams attic floor It is better to lay the boards as a subfloor. This will be useful, because the rafter pairs themselves are assembled directly on the roof.
The next step will be to secure the sloped rafters or valley in place. Its upper part should be located on the ridge run of the main building in the place where the ridge of the extension truss system will approach it. The lower end is mounted on the Mauerlat where the walls of the extension meet the load-bearing walls of the main building.
After this, the remaining elements are attached. First of all, the rafter pairs of the multi-gable roof are installed above the main building. Next they move on to the structure above the extension. Moreover, if the main rafters are attached to the mauerlat, then the rafts are mounted to the valley.
During installation, it is very important that all rafters on one side of the building are in the same plane.
Next, if necessary, additional supporting elements are installed. These can be supports, racks, and so on.
After this, the end, front, and trim boards are secured. They make an overhang and attach the sheathing. Next, you can begin laying the roofing material. If a living space is to be installed under a multi-gable roof, then a vapor barrier, a thermal insulation layer and waterproofing should be additionally installed.

A multi-gable roof is a rather complex structure to construct. It has a lot of different structural elements: many slopes, ribs, tongs, valleys.

Multi-gable roof

The construction and covering of such roofs requires great experience in construction work, correct calculation the entire roof structure, as well as taking into account all expected loads that will subsequently act on the supports.

What is this type of roofing and its design features? You can learn about this and other details of the construction of a multi-gable roof from this article.

The main advantages of a multi-gable roof:

Attractive appearance. These roofs came to us from the west, where they were most widespread for their attractive appearance;
The practicality of this type of roof. Snow or other precipitation hardly lingers on the roof slopes at all, but quickly disappears thanks to the grooves and the high slope of the roof slopes;
Strength and durability of the entire structure. Such a roof can withstand heavy loads thanks to a balanced rafter system. This, of course, is one of its main advantages;
Effective use space under the roof, which makes it possible to arrange additional rooms;

But there are some disadvantages that also need to be mentioned:

The complexity of the entire structure. If a multi-gable roof is being erected with your own hands, it means that the owner of the house himself has extensive experience in such work or an excellent consultant, otherwise, you can easily make mistakes and then it will hardly be possible to do it correctly;
Large waste of materials. Since the roof has multiple bends and slopes, a large amount of waste will be generated in the process of covering it with roofing material. From which we can conclude that erecting a multi-gable roof is not a cheap pleasure.

Based on the above pros and cons, you can make a decision about whether, strictly speaking, the “game is worth the candle”?

What is a multi-gable roof made of?

So, what are the main elements it consists of? Let's take a closer look:

Mauerlat is a special beam that is placed around the entire perimeter of the building, and then the entire rafter system rests on it and is attached to it;
grooves through which precipitation is discharged;
inclined planes of slopes;
horizontal and inclined ribs;
rafters - special wooden poles and boards;
sheathing to evenly distribute the load from the weight of the roof;
overhangs are the edges of the roof that are located above the walls of the house;
drains where precipitation flows;
ridge - the top of the roof;
valleys - the angles of connection of two slopes.

The difficult structure of the roof is due to the fact that in those places where there is an intersection of slopes, it is also necessary to install diagonal rafters so that the entire structure is integral and complete.

When installing a multi-gable roof, you must definitely pay attention to such an element as the valleys. If they are installed and installed incorrectly, the roof may subsequently leak.

Variety of multi-gable roof shapes

If the decision is made to create a multi-gable roof, then valleys cannot be avoided. In this case, one way or another, junctions of two slopes will appear, and you need to pay special attention to the junctions. Since these are the inner corners of the roof, the load on them will be significantly higher than on the rest of the roof. That's why correct construction joining the slopes is the reliability and durability of the roof being built.

In another way, a multi-gable roof over square house It is also called a hip roof, since this version of the roof has four slopes located on opposite sides of the house. The slopes themselves are called nothing more than hips.

Such a roof requires the construction of additional gable walls, and the entire rafter system in this case becomes more complicated. In rare cases, you can find a half-hip four-gable roof, where two slopes running on the sides are slightly cut off from a large gable.

This is what explains the difference between half-hips and the main slopes; they usually have a much shorter length in the part where the slope line goes. Such half-hips can be built in the upper part of the roof, in the form of a triangle, and the gable in this case will be in the form of a trapezoid. In this case, this tong will protrude forward from the wall.

Features of designing multi-gable roofs

It is believed that the installation of a multi-gable roof should be carried out on those houses that have a very non-trivial layout in their design features. It is also used in cases where it is necessary to increase the attic space, creating more space for additional living spaces.

A multi-gable roof over a square house is the most common option, and much less often the base of the roof has the shape of a polygon, as this requires additional calculations. If the roof design involves the use of slopes in the form of equilateral triangles, then their vertices should converge at the same point.

Today there are finished projects the most different forms multi-gable roofs. If we talk, for example, about a four-slope hip roof, then this design must have valleys. A necessary condition in this case there will be a ventilated (ventilated) attic space, it must be completely isolated from other warm rooms.

Another point to consider is that such roofs consume more building materials, i.e. After installation, quite a lot of waste remains.

If we consider, for example, the construction of a half-hip roof, then it main feature is the installation of several rafters. Such a design will be quite complex to implement, and this must be remembered.

When making such a design, the number of slopes obtained gives a certain amount inner corners, the so-called valleys. This is a necessary element of the roof, because it is along the valleys that unnecessary precipitation rolls off. Therefore, you need to pay special attention to this element, which is necessary for insulation from water.

Valleys are also characterized by the fact that in these places the probability of snow accumulation in winter is greatest, which can lead to additional load on the roof. Therefore, in winter, the roof (multi-gable) must be periodically cleaned, freeing it from excess precipitation.

Architectural difficulties of a multi-gable roof

Needless to say, erecting a multi-gable roof is a difficult task even for experienced specialists. Indeed, in the design of this type of roof there are valleys and valleys, as well as many ribs, and all this must be correctly connected, which requires great skill and experience in construction work.

Therefore, it is not surprising that it is mainly used to create architecturally complex projects where polygonal structures and elements are planned.

The greatest use of gable roofs can be found in private construction, which is explained by its beauty and aesthetic qualities and characteristics. In the private construction of houses, one can often find such intricate and complex roof shapes that it is sometimes difficult to even recognize that this is a multi-gable roof.

The most popular representatives of multi-gable roofs can confidently be called half-hip roofs.

The simplest of the multi-gable roofs is a roof in which two roof slopes intersect at an angle of ninety degrees.

Multi-gable roof, features of the rafter system

First of all, it is necessary to clarify what the rafter system of such a roof consists of. This includes the rafters themselves, special purlins (beams), and, of course, its indispensable attribute is the Mauerlat. The Mauerlat is one of the important components of the entire system. It serves to redistribute all roof loads onto the walls of the entire house.

Usually this wooden blocks a certain size, in in this case 150 x 100 millimeters. As for the length, it can be different, but basically it is one and a half meters. The rafter system is best made from pine.

Rafters, in turn, are divided into two types - hanging and layered. Which ones will be used during construction depends on the specific design features gable roof. Sometimes both types of rafters are used in hotel structures.

Where the gable roofs connect, there should be diagonal rafters (legs), and they should already have brackets installed (which will hold the support).

Since diagonal rafters take on a very large load in such roofs, they almost always need to be strengthened by connecting them into two boards.

In the upper part of the roof, the rafters must be connected by a purlin, which is made from interconnected bars or boards. If such a need arises, then sometimes additional intermediate runs are installed.

After the installation of the rafter system is completed, you must not forget to lay the waterproofing film. It should run in a perpendicular direction to the slope, and you need to make a small overlap, about 15 centimeters. At the junction points, for greater waterproofing, it is necessary to apply connecting tape. You definitely need to pay attention to the roof valleys; they also need to be reliably waterproofed, since it is in these places that precipitation will come off the roof.

When the rafter system is ready, after installing the waterproofing layer, it is already possible to lay the counter-lattice. The most common material for sheathing is bars. If the roofing material comes with installation instructions, then it is better to do it according to these instructions.

Stages of construction of a multi-gable roof

So how, after all, to make this complex multi-gable roof? As mentioned earlier, a multi-gable roof structure is nothing more than connecting several gable roofs together. When they are combined, the house looks much better and makes a very favorable impression from the outside.

A do-it-yourself multi-gable roof is erected in several stages:

carrying out very accurate calculations that contain the dimensions of all elements of the house and roof, calculation of snow and precipitation loads on the roof of the building;
correct calculation of length and required section rafters;
lay a mauerlat along the entire length of the load-bearing walls, which will then become the basis for the entire roof;
installation of the main parts of the roof structure in the right places (various stops, valleys, ridges and others);
installation of the rafter system on the Mauerlat, using nails or reinforcing pins (if the main frame of the house is made of concrete structures);
the last stage The work will involve installing sheathing, as well as layers of steam and waterproofing before covering the roof.

So, after clarifying the features of the construction of a multi-gable roof, important conclusions can be drawn: most often a multi-gable roof is erected over a square house, depending on the climate of the region, the slope angle of the slopes is selected, the increase in costs and complexity of the design is compensated by obtaining additional space for beautiful roof your house.

Before you decide to build such a roof, think carefully - are you ready to fork out money in the name of beauty? This roof does not provide any particular benefit, but it also has no serious disadvantages.

For those who are planning to build a house and want to turn it into a real work of art, a multi-gable roof will allow you to realize the most original fantasies in this case. Multi-gable roofs of houses quickly won the hearts of those who love something sophisticated and have enough finance, because this type of roof is not a cheap pleasure.

Multi-gable roof - advantages and disadvantages

You can often hear that this type of roof is used exclusively in the construction of square houses, but this is a myth. Sometimes all sorts of rooms are added to a house, and it takes on an awkward shape. In this case, a multi-gable roof completely transforms the appearance of the house - it looks very impressive!

As for reliability, the multi-gable roof structure is very strong, but only if the installation of the rafter system is carried out correctly. If you are not a specialist, then it is better to turn to experienced builders.

There is a lot of space under a multi-gable roof; you can make a spacious attic or equip a luxurious attic; this is often why such a roof is built to provide good lighting.

Important: when erecting a multi-gable roof, you cannot equip the entire room as residential - you need to select a part in which there will be a ventilated room, separate from the heated one.

The disadvantages include:

Expensive. Wasteful consumption of wood, you need to constantly cut, trim, and as a result, some of the material is simply thrown away. The rafter system of a multi-gable roof is difficult to install; accordingly, craftsmen charge a substantial amount for the work.

High risk of leaks. A special feature of such a roof is its many slopes, and the places where they intersect are called endoves - the most vulnerable places of the roof. Large flows of water pass through there, and if you do not pay attention to the high-quality insulation of these joints, then at the first opportunity they will leak.

Elements of a multi-gable roof

The rafter system of a multi-gable roof is the same as that of other roofs - a mauerlat, rafter legs, a ridge, grooves for water drainage, sheathing and a larger number of inclined ribs with additional racks. All this is fastened together with metal fasteners.

The difference from a standard roof is the presence of ends, grooves, many ribs and slopes.

It was said above about endovs - these are depressions that are formed at the junction of slopes, they are also grooves. The ribs are also the joints of two slopes, but they go outward rather than inward. It is in these elements that all the “sweetness” lies, because it is they that form the gables and the numerous hips (slopes), giving the roof such a special look.

Types of multi-gable roofs

In architectural terms, a hip roof can be given the most elaborate look. This is where you can show your imagination and surprise with the unusual shape.

Multi-gable roofs are the most popular type. Despite the fact that this design requires careful fastening with proper load distribution. Pointed corners give the structure rigor and laconic completeness. Any Vacation home with such a roof it looks rich and original.

Half-hip gable roofing is also a fairly common type. Installation is a little easier. A characteristic feature of this type is “smooth” corners. The roof looks smooth and elegant, somewhat reminiscent of a tent. It is only at first glance that it seems more modest than the previous type, but if you approach its construction creatively, it can turn out unusually beautiful.

Rafter system

To put it simply, the rafter system of a multi-gable roof is two gable roofs that are connected to each other at an angle of 90 degrees.

Due to the large weight and complexity of the structure, both types of rafter systems are used in the design of such a roof - hanging and layered, and also create

multi-gable roof diagram

A few words about how to build a multi-gable roof with your own hands:

Rafters 150x50 mm are attached to a Mauerlat with a cross-section of 150x150 mm and a length of 1.5 m.

The rafters are fastened at the top with a ridge of the required section, then the structure is strengthened by installing intermediate purlins.

Since in this design there are places where two roofs are connected, additional rafters need to be made there in order to attach the eaves to them.

multi-gable roof - drawing

When all the racks and fastenings are in place, you need to lay a layer of waterproofing film.

The lathing is made from boards measuring 32x100 mm. You can use 50x50 bars.

Important: before installing the rafter system, you need to correctly calculate the slope of the slopes and the load on the rafters so that the structure is strong. It is advisable to have a specialist do this. In addition, the climatic location is important - if a lot of precipitation is expected, then the slope of the hips should be maximum so that water and snow do not linger. You need to take care of the endovs - remove snow and debris from them.

Be that as it may, experts do not recommend starting to build a multi-gable roof yourself. If only because the material will cost you a pretty penny and it will be a shame if it doesn’t work out. Of course, the craftsmen will also take a lot, but in the end you will be pleased with the beauty and reliability of the architectural masterpiece.

Video

Today, houses with multi-gable roofs have become quite common. The buildings have original design. What does this name mean? roofing structure, let's try to figure it out.

Typical design of a cottage with a multi-gable roof

The installation of a multi-gable roof is carried out not only to protect the structure from various climatic and weather phenomena. It can be installed on houses that need additional lighting, or on houses that have a complex layout.

An example of a complex house layout using a multi-gable roof

A multi-gable roof can be simple and have only two slopes, or it can be multi-sloped and have several slopes. In most cases, the latter type is characterized by a cross-shaped shape on the surface of the house.

Advantages and disadvantages of the design

There are several characteristics of a multi-gable roof that have a positive effect on its technical properties.

Despite the many advantages of a multi-gable roof, there are also some disadvantages.

Note. Before constructing this type of roof for a house, you must initially assess your financial capabilities, since it is the most expensive.

If you are designing a hipped multi-gable roof, then it is necessary to take into account the means for insulating and insulating the structure in the consumables.

Recommendations for drawing up a building plan with a multi-gable roof

Firstly, it is possible with the help of modern computer programs. There's nothing complicated about it. The most important thing to consider during the work process is:

Secondly, you need to know what elements the roof consists of and the construction features of its rafter system.

Next, you need to correctly distribute the loads of load-bearing rafters and beams on the walls of the house. They are a guarantee of the roof structure’s resistance to wind and other climatic phenomena.
Note. This is ensured by the frequency of installation of rafters and beams. The smaller the distance between them, the higher the strength index of the roof.

To eliminate problems in the construction of the roof, you need to draw up its design in accordance with the established SNiP standards. After all, loads can be constant or variable. And all of them are taken into account in the work.

Rafter connection diagram

What can you build houses with a multi-gable roof from?

It is worth considering that this type of roof places quite significant loads on the structure. It is for this reason that experts recommend constructing a roof only for a house from:

bricks;
shell rock;
foam block;
aerated concrete.

These materials are endowed with certain indicators of strength and reliability, and buildings of any number of floors can be built from them.
In some cases, wood is also used:

profiled timber;
rounded timber.

In this case, houses must have large parameters and a huge number of load-bearing structures to withstand the roof loads.

Note. It happens that a project for one house is immediately drawn up, in which the appearance of the roof is changed during the work.

All this creates additional loads that were not taken into account by the architects. In order for the structure to serve for a long period of time, it is necessary to carry out a number of works aimed at strengthening it.

In most cases, the reinforcing system of the house foundation is initially thought through. Ditches are dug along the perimeter of the already made base, and concrete mortar is poured using reinforcement. As for load-bearing walls, they can be reinforced at the points of their connection with similar materials, or you can use special ready-made metal structures, which are quite simply and quickly mounted on both the external and internal corners of the building.

Components of a multi-gable roof

In order to correctly draw up a project for such a roofing structure, you need to know what exactly it consists of.
So, the following elements are present in the construction of a multi-gable roof:

Mauerlat;
sheathing;
inclined slopes;
rafters;
endova;
horizontal and inclined ribs;
skate;
overhangs.

In addition, gutters are also used for high-quality drainage of water from the roof surface and gutters.

House project with original design multi-gable roof

Ends are special connections between two slopes on the roof.

Mauerlat - the base of the roof, which is constructed from profiled timber large diameter on the surface of the building walls. It is on this that the frame is mounted wooden rafters and inclined beams.

Varieties of multi-gable roof

At the moment, this type of roof can be:

Full-fledged. It is characterized by the fact that the roof is based on the walls of the building. That is, the wall of the house acts as the front of the roof.
Incomplete. This is the case when the front is an integral part of the roof and is constructed during the installation of the roof from similar materials.

Drawing of an incomplete multi-gable roof

Advice. It is best to opt for a full-fledged multi-gable roof. It will be more reliable and durable.

In addition, the room underneath can be used to furnish an office or bedroom.
Buildings with such a roof can have an unlimited number of floors. The most important thing is that the building material can withstand all the loads. As a rule, on suburban areas build one-story houses with mansard roof. You can easily install dormer windows on the slopes of a multi-gable roof.

It is also worth considering that you need to rationally use the additional space. For example, several bedrooms can easily be accommodated under a four-gable roof. It all depends on the size of the house.

Multi-gable roof rafter system

Mauerlat ensures proper distribution of load on the load-bearing walls of the house. For its construction, bars of 15x15 cm or 15x10 cm should be used. Their length should reach 1.5 m. The rafters are assembled from boards with sections of 15x5 m.

Note. It is worth considering that the rafters can be inclined or hanging.

Their choice depends on the availability of additional supports. Although each type can be used simultaneously in the manufacture of roofing.

Where the slopes of a multi-gable roof connect, diagonal and inclined rafter legs are installed. Short support legs are attached to them during the work process.

Various designs of multi-gable roofs

Important. Due to the fact that the main load will be directed to the diagonal rafters, they need to be strengthened.

For this purpose, boards of similar size are used, which are attached to each other.
At the top, the rafters are connected by a ridge. It is made independently from timber or boards. You can buy it already ready product of such a type.

Already on the installed rafters, a sheathing of wooden boards is installed. Their size can be any.
Advice. To increase the strength and reliability of the roof structure, it is necessary to make sheathing cells no larger than 50x50 cm in size.

If the front of the roof is being built simultaneously with the roof frame, then it needs to be refined with wooden boards.

Roofs are known to be flat and pitched. Pitched - architecturally more expressive and, in addition to protective, also carry decorative function. The number, shape and size of the slopes depend entirely on the personal preferences of the owner and the designer’s intentions, taking into account, of course, climatic conditions and operating requirements.

Design features: pros and cons

A multi-gable roof is a rather complex design. It is distinguished by the presence of numerous intersections of slopes, at which valleys are formed, as the formed internal angles are called. Endows are considered the most unreliable element. Indeed, the largest possible amount of water flows through them, despite the fact that their slope is significantly less than that of slopes. Snow accumulates there, increasing the load on the roof. Therefore, the valley can be considered the “weak” point of such structures. So, this roof is not only complex in its design, but also very difficult to maintain.

At the junction of the roof slopes, ribs are also formed, but, unlike valleys, they form an external angle.

A striking illustration of them is, for example, the place where two slopes in a quadrangular roof are connected.

The shape of the building during the construction of this type is either polygonal, the diagram of which is presented below, or square. It can be installed on houses with complex layouts or in attics that require special additional side lighting. The extensions of such buildings are characterized by different heights.

However, neither this nor the significant cost, because the complexity of the geometric shape of the structure leads to increased consumption of material, does not become an obstacle for those who seek to complete their construction with an interesting and original accent.

A multi-gable roof, the drawing of which may seem no less complicated to many, can nevertheless be erected independently, but subject to strict adherence to the requirements of construction technology

A multi-gable roof can combine under a single roofing structure a number of roofs that differ in their type and purpose. The complexity of its design lies in large quantities ribs, valleys, grooves. Its spire is, rather, of an artistic nature, and is often used to install towers and domed roofs, emphasizing architectural style. Two-level roofs and half-hip roofs are considered one of the most popular today.

Rafter structure

The basis of the roof structure is the rafter system. Most often it combines diagonal and hanging rafters directed towards the corners of the walls. The complexity of such structures lies in the fact that all the slopes do not rest on the Mauerlats, as usual, but on diagonal legs. That is, the load-bearing capacity of the structure depends not only on the calculation of the sections of the system elements, but also on the execution of connection nodes and the installation of stiffeners.

The main node is the joint at one point of the ridges of the same level of different sections of the roof. The ridge beams are connected at right angles, but, in addition, each of these angles also includes sloping legs, which are the main support for almost all rafters. Strength of this node increase by installing puffs.

Sloping rafters are longer than regular rafters, so they are made paired. This technology simultaneously solves several problems:

a rafter with a double cross-section can withstand increased load;
joining the boards makes it possible to obtain a continuous beam of greater length;
When connected, the standard size of the parts used is unified.

It turns out that for the construction of diagonal rafters it is practically possible to use the same boards as for ordinary ones - and the use of boards of equal height for any type of rafters simplifies constructive solution roof assemblies. In addition, half-legs or rafters rest on them, thanks to which the layered supports are able to carry a load that is about one and a half times greater than the maximum load for conventional rafters.

Leaning the splints on the diagonal leg is done in two ways:

Leaning on the upper surface. A cut is made in the rafters so that half of their section - the upper one - is above the diagonal leg, and the lower half rests on the side surface.
Support on the side surface. The main thing in this case is how well the supporting parts are fitted. The lower rafter can be more firmly connected to the beam of the diagonal leg if you nail an additional support boss from the trim.

The bottom of the slant supports is usually for landing on a truss, a beam made of timber, thrown along intersecting external walls the corner, break or console of the purlin is cut into the horizon and secured with nails.

But the diagonal supports located in the valley cannot be supported with a truss truss.

A truss truss is a truss structure with two struts installed.

The fact is that the valley forms the inner corner of the walls, so they need to be supported by racks or, in extreme cases, struts.

By the way, installation roofing in the case of a multi-gable roof, they begin with the construction of valleys, which are formed at the intersection of mutually perpendicular planes. At the same time, the technology for executing this unit depends entirely on the material used as the base material for the roof.

1 Features
4 Installation of the valley
6 Videos
7 Photos
8 Schemes

initially;

Peculiarities

Rafter system diagram

Designations of main structural elements

Roofing device

Ribs

Tong

Mauerlat

Rafters

Lathing

Installation of the rafter frame

Roof rafter system

Lathing, insulation and roof installation

Video

Multi-gable roof

Beautiful multi-gable roof

From metal tiles

For a country house

Simple design

Complex design

Scheme

Multi-gable roof drawing

Creating a wireframe

Roof structure

Main components of the structure

Multi-gable roof and its features

Multi-gable roof- this is a type of pitched roof, the structure of which consists of several or many gables (gable elements with ridges), along the edges of the overhangs forming pediments in the structure.

Multi-gable roofs They are a complex structure, the distinctive feature of which is the presence of gable elements intersecting or cutting into the main slope, forming numerous valleys on the roof.

Design Features

Among roofs with straight planes of slopes, a multi-gable roof belongs to complex types roofs with numerous crossed slopes and internal corners between their joints. It is erected on buildings that are distinguished by complex layouts of different geometric shapes, multi-level attics and attics.

A multi-gable roof is considered a complex structure. The complexity of the design is explained by the presence in such roofs of a large number of valleys and gables, the construction of which causes specific difficulties and additional costs.

The arrangement of the valley requires especially close attention, because it is through them that streams of rain and melt water will flow in the future. Also in these places there is the greatest accumulation of snow, and therefore they must have significant load-bearing capacity and tightness. Professional formation of the valley, the main vulnerable element of the roofing, ensures reliable drainage of melt and rainwater from the roof.

Design elements

In multi-gable roofs, the following structural elements are always and necessarily present:

gables and gable overhangs;
valleys formed when pairing tongs;
roof ridge.

Scheme of the rafter system of a simple multi-gable roof:

Types of multi-gable roofs

The shape of a multi-gable roof can be very diverse and limited only by the imagination of the developer or designer. The number of gables (gable elements with a ridge) in the roof can be from two to an unlimited number. Roof slopes can have the shape of triangles and trapezoids.

Any roofing materials can be used as a covering for multi-gable roofs, but provided that the roof frame (rafter system) is properly designed and can withstand all the loads on the roof during its operation.

Advantages and disadvantages of multi-gable roofs

The multi-gable roof structure has certain advantageous characteristics. These include:

original, unique, graceful roof shapes;
ideal combination with buildings of any architectural form;
balanced rafter system;
the possibility of arranging a spacious attic and significantly increasing its usable area;
no risk of stagnation of rain and melt water due to the large slope of the roof surface and the presence of grooves;
reliability, strength, durability of the structure;
compliance of the cost of a multi-gable roof with operational and aesthetic characteristics.

The list of disadvantages of this type of roof includes: the level of complexity of installation, the presence of a large number of valleys that complicate the process of arrangement, care and maintenance of the roof, as well as high consumption building materials. The construction of a multi-gable roof is labor-intensive construction work, for which you need to seek help professional specialists. Roof installation takes longer.

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General concepts

The rafter system of a multi-gable roof is a rather complex structure. To carry out its calculation and installation you need to have some experience. But before you talk about it, you should get acquainted with the very concept of a multi-pincer design. What is this roof option? Why is she called that?

The construction of a multi-gable roof truss system has its advantages, namely:

This design has high load-bearing capacity and strength.
The rafter system of a multi-gable roof is calculated based on increased loads. This feature allows the structure to easily withstand even hurricane winds and large layers of snow.
The slopes of such roofs are quite steep. This prevents debris from accumulating on them. This means that roof maintenance is greatly simplified. In addition, such a roof, if erected correctly, does not require repair for a long time.
Thanks to the high-mounted ridge, a lot of free space is created under the multi-gable roof. This allows you to freely create additional living rooms on the attic floor.
Another advantage is that such a design can be used even in cases where the house has complex geometry.

Main design elements

As mentioned earlier, the rafter system of a multi-gable roof is several gable structures connected together. Therefore, the basic principles will also be similar. In our case, both hanging and layered rafter systems can be used. As a rule, the main structure has a large width. Therefore, a layered rafter system is used here. Used in extensions hanging structures, everything will depend on the width of the building and the presence of an axial load-bearing wall.

In addition, the rafter system of a multi-gable roof includes the following main elements:

stingrays. Their number for a multi-gable roof can differ significantly from the traditional design. At the same time, the size, shape and steepness of gypsy rays can also vary;
skate There will also be several of these elements;
ribs - these elements are located at the junction of the slopes. However, they can only be in those multi-gable roofs where hips are used;
valley More than one multi-gable roof cannot do without this element. This element is located on the inner corners where two slopes meet. Endova needs to pay special attention. This is where snow can accumulate in winter. Therefore, in such places there is a large load and leaks most often occur; it is useful to read: valley on metal tiles.

Of course other elements may be present. For example, gables. They cover the ends of the pins themselves. At the same time, pediments can also end the main roof, if it is not cable-stayed, it is useful to read: pediment made of corrugated board.

Making calculations

The height of the ridge. To do this, you should use indicators such as the width of the house or extension (depending on which structure the calculation is being made for) and the angle of inclination of the slope. Reverse calculations are often carried out. First, the desired height of the house is determined, and then the slope angle is calculated. It should be taken into account that the width of the main house and the extension will be different. This means that the angle of inclination of the rafter system of a multi-gable roof will be different for each building. This is the difficulty of such a device.
Next, you should find out the length of the main rafters. This parameter can be easily calculated from the Pythagorean formula. In this case, the length of the rafters for the main building and the extension will be different.
You should also calculate the length of the valley. This is where the rafters will be located. The Pythagorean theorem will also be used here. The endova will be the hypotenuse. The triangle itself consists of the length of the rafters of the main building and half the width of the extension.
Between the ridge and the sloped rafters there are ridges. Their length should also be determined using the Pythagorean theorem. The rafters will be shortened rafters.

The total roof area is also calculated. It will be the sum of the areas of all slopes of a multi-gable roof. This value is necessary to calculate how much roofing material you will need during installation, read additional material: calculation of the rafter system.

Load

permanent. This group includes the load on the rafter system of multi-gable and other types of roofs caused by the weight of the materials used. This also includes the mass of all equipment installed on the roof;
variable load. This group includes impacts from external factors. The rafter system is affected by the weight of the snow cover, which will linger on the roof. In addition, the wind also has an impact.

Knowing all the loads, you can determine the cross-section of the rafters. The greater the load, the thicker the main elements of the system should be. In addition, after such calculations, the distance between the rafters or the pitch is determined. Also, if necessary (for example, if the rafter legs are too long), the location of additional supporting elements is specified. After all this, a drawing is drawn up.

The installation of a multi-gable roof truss system is not very different from a traditional gable roof system. All work is carried out in the following sequence:

The first step is to install the Mauerlat. In the case of a multi-gable roof, this work must be done not only on all external load-bearing walls, but also on the internal ones. The latter would be more correctly called lying.
Next, you should install the ridge run. Most often, a multi-gable roof over the main building is installed in a layered manner. Therefore, you cannot do without a ridge run. A hanging rafter system is most often used over the extension. In this case, the ridge run is not used. https:="">

Particular attention should be paid to the area of the multi-gable roof where the valley will be located. The rafter system itself in this place must be reinforced with supports. In addition, careful waterproofing should be carried out and the roofing material should be laid with high quality. All this is necessary because it is this area that is subject to the greatest loads, especially in winter.

DIY multi-gable roof
- 1 Features
- 4 Installation of the valley
- 6 Videos
- 7 Photos
- 8 Schemes
Among various designs Multi-gable roofing is considered the most complex and attractive. The peculiarity of its design lies in the large number of complex elements. These include gables, gables, valleys and ribs. In this article we will tell you how to build a multi-gable roof by hand, show drawings and diagrams, photos and video materials.

Most often, a multi-gable roof is made in several cases:
- initially;
- in the process of adding premises;
- for installation of side lighting in the attic;
- in buildings with complex layouts and many rooms.
Peculiarities

Rafter system diagram

A simple version of a gable roof is considered gable roof without gables. In this design, the upper triangular section of the wall is called a gable. There is no multi-gable roof during construction simple steps, all actions, starting with calculations, require knowledge and skills. The roof structure allows you to place living space underneath it. Despite the difficulties, home owners take on self-installation allowing you to save a significant amount of money. A multi-gable roof will require enormous physical and financial costs, but will delight the creators with the architectural beauty of the building.
- thanks to the balanced rafter system, the roof can easily withstand high loads;
- the roof has an original and attractive appearance;
- the design is reliable and durable;
- free space appears for an additional room or attic;
- Snow cover does not linger on steep slopes.
- complex design requiring competent calculations and installation;
- a large amount of waste generated when cutting roofing material, especially metal tiles;
- high load on the valley caused by snow;
- necessity high-quality waterproofing internal joints.
Designations of main structural elements

Roofing device

The endova is the place of internal connection of the slopes; they are one of the key nodes. They have to withstand a significant load from the accumulation of snow, so support from below is provided from a system of supports and struts. The waterproofing of the unit has great value, all the water flowing down the roof passes through the valleys. Any design error will result in a leak.

Ribs- represent outside corner connected slopes. One of the most difficult places in the design of a multi-gable roof is the intersection of the ridge beam, to which the valley adjoins. A ridge is one of the ribs of the roof.

Tong- a section of the wall limited by slopes; it is shaped like a triangle and is not separated from the wall by a cornice.

Mauerlat- load-bearing base of the entire roof, distributing the load on the walls and foundation.

Rafters– layered, hanging and diagonal.

Lathing– a frame made of timber, necessary for fastening the roofing material and insulation.

Installation of the rafter frame

Roof rafter system

The basis of a multi-gable roof is the Mauerlat. The base element is subject to high load, so a beam with a cross section of 150x150 mm is used for it. It is attached to the walls of the building with anchors laid during the construction of the house. The rafters rest on the mauerlat. Rafters can be layered or hanging. Their choice is determined by design features.

In the case of hip and half-hip roofs, diagonal rafter legs are installed at the junction of the slopes. These elements bear the main load, so they require reinforcement by specialists. Such rafters can be made double, connected from two boards 150x50 mm. Rafter legs, reinforced with struts and crossbars, form trusses. To ensure the attractive appearance of a multi-gable roof and the necessary structural rigidity, all truss parts are made using templates. Beginning builders can assemble trusses not by cutting them, but by fastening them with overhead metal elements.

After installing the rafters, the sheathing is placed on them; at the joints of the slopes, where the valleys are located, it is continuous. The waterproofing scheme for the internal corner provides for laying an additional layer to ensure the reliability of the structure. Waterproofing is laid on the boards and the bottom strip is mounted. If the valley consists of several parts, they are attached from below, with the upper part covering the edge of the lower element. The junction of the bottom strip and the roofing is insulated. To give the structure a finished look, a top valley strip is installed.

Lathing, insulation and roof installation

Roofing pie device

The last element of the rafter system is the sheathing. It is pressed onto the rafters in increments depending on the choice of roofing covering. For soft roof it is made continuous, for metal tiles - in increments of 25–30 cm. A cloth for waterproofing is laid horizontally on the sheathing, the overlap of the strips is 10 cm. If insulation is provided, then the material is laid under the waterproofing. When insulating a structure, we must not forget about ventilation holes. For a multi-gable roof, a lightweight coating is recommended so as not to create additional load on the rafters, for example, when laying metal tiles.

Multi-gable roof installation completed

There are many options for how to make a multi-gable roof, they differ in design complexity and appearance. This type of roofing looks best on square and rectangular houses.

Video

Watch the video that details what you need to know to properly design a roof truss system:

Multi-gable roof

Beautiful multi-gable roof

Multi-gable roof made of flexible tiles

From metal tiles

Multi-gable roof on a wooden house

For a country house

Multi-gable roof with attic

Simple design

Complex design

Scheme

Multi-gable roof drawing

Creating a wireframe

Window frame on multi-gable roof

Roof structure

Multi-gable roof rafter system

Main components of the structure

Sections

Rafter diagram in detail for a multi-gable roof with your own hands. Multi-gable roof: design features, main elements and shapes

General concepts

Main design elements

Making calculations

Load

What is a multi-gable roof made of?

Variety of multi-gable roof shapes

Features of designing multi-gable roofs

Architectural difficulties of a multi-gable roof

Multi-gable roof, features of the rafter system

Stages of construction of a multi-gable roof

Multi-gable roof - advantages and disadvantages

Elements of a multi-gable roof

Types of multi-gable roofs

Rafter system

Video

Advantages and disadvantages of the design

Recommendations for drawing up a building plan with a multi-gable roof

What can you build houses with a multi-gable roof from?

Components of a multi-gable roof

Varieties of multi-gable roof

Multi-gable roof rafter system

Design features: pros and cons

Rafter structure

Peculiarities

Designations of main structural elements

Installation of the rafter frame

Lathing, insulation and roof installation

Video

Scheme

Multi-gable roof and its features

Design Features

Design elements

Types of multi-gable roofs

Advantages and disadvantages of multi-gable roofs

General concepts

Main design elements

Making calculations

Load

DIY multi-gable roof

Peculiarities

Designations of main structural elements

Installation of the rafter frame

Lathing, insulation and roof installation

Video

Scheme