Propagation of spherical chrysanthemums. Caring for home chrysanthemum

Garden chrysanthemum – perennial originally from Asian countries. Small-flowered varieties were brought to us from Korea; its second name is perennial Korean chrysanthemum. Bright, lush bushes of perennial chrysanthemum stand out effectively against the background of other flowers and plants in the garden, delighting with their lush colorful blooms from late summer until the beginning of frost; it is not for nothing that it is called the “queen of autumn.” Colorful fragrant flowers are not afraid of either cold winds or autumn rains, and they stay on the bushes for a long time. On cloudy autumn days, when others horticultural crops have already bloomed and lost their attractiveness, the luxurious bushes of perennial chrysanthemum continue to delight us with a luxurious palette of colors and variety of shapes, giving us a piece of summer and a little warmth.

The perennial chrysanthemum decorates front gardens, parks and flower beds from mid-summer until the very frosts and is rightfully considered the queen of the autumn garden, because its flowering continues even when, after the first frost, other flowers have already withered. The variety of colors and subtle aroma with a slight bitterness amazes with its sophistication, as well as the combination of notes of joyful summer and sad autumn.

Planting and growing in open ground

Breeders are constantly working on developing new varieties, achieving large-flowered species, however, gardeners prefer to grow Korean small-flowered chrysanthemums because they have high decorative qualities and resistance to low temperatures.

In addition, Korean chrysanthemums look good on garden plot in combination with others flower crops and are famous for their long and abundant flowering. To decorate your home, chrysanthemum can also be grown in pots, and when cut, it is ideal for creating bouquet arrangements, since it can stand for up to 30 days without losing its decorative qualities.

Appropriate place

Garden chrysanthemum under no circumstances cannot be planted in areas where there is stagnation of water(rain, melt or after watering). Also these flowers do not like too shaded places: their stems elongate greatly, become brittle and thin, the flowers become much smaller, bloom too late or do not bloom at all.

Therefore, when choosing a place to plant chrysanthemums, you should pay attention to open, well-lit areas. It is also worth considering that strong winds negatively affect the development of this crop, so it is necessary to grow chrysanthemums in the garden in protected places.

Soil composition

Chrysanthemums are very demanding regarding the composition of the soil. They grow well in slightly acidic and neutral soils. Wherein the soil should be well-drained, loose and rich in organic nutrients.

If an area suitable for illumination has infertile or dense soil, measures must be taken to improve the soil before planting flowers. To improve water permeability, you can use coarse and thoroughly washed river sand.

To increase fertility, add peat, compost or rotted manure to the soil at the rate of 1 bucket of organic matter/1 m2 of planting.

Globular chrysanthemums were bred by breeders to decorate flower beds in landscape design. They are not intended for wintering. Every year, the bushes must either be dug up and stored in a cool place, or covered well for the winter, mulched with dried flowers. This will help protect the chrysanthemums from icing. If you live in the northern regions of Russia, then grow a bush globular chrysanthemum you can only do it in a greenhouse or apartment. These flowers are beautiful houseplants. If you plant them in a pot, the spherical bush will grow greatly and can be divided.

The peculiarity of the spherical chrysanthemum is the poor survival rate of cuttings, so such a flower is propagated only by dividing the mother bush.

Features of growing chrysanthemums in open ground

In order for the chrysanthemum bush to preserve spherical shape, every 2-3 seasons it must be divided. The shoots of a three-year-old chrysanthemum are pinched into two internodes. This contributes to the formation of a spherical bush.

It is unacceptable to grow these flowers in partial shade. When planting a chrysanthemum in an insufficiently lit area, the plant begins to wither and shed a large number of buds.

For abundant flowering, the chrysanthemum should be planted in an area where direct sunlight hits the bush during most of the daylight hours.

Fertilizers for chrysanthemums

– a nocturnal plant, it grows only in the evening. IN middle lane Russia often experiences night frosts in September. The chrysanthemum bush does not tolerate cold weather. Therefore, in the fall it must be transplanted into a greenhouse. For the same reason, chrysanthemums should not be overfed with nitrogen. Otherwise, they will quickly grow and freeze out even before winter cold. A lot of nitrogen is contained in organic fertilizers: compost, humus, humus or herbal infusion. These fertilizers are applied to the soil in very small doses in the spring. The best feeding for chrysanthemums - with a high content of potassium and magnesium, which have a positive effect on the formation of buds. If you do not want to use chemical fertilizers on your site, you can add potassium to the soil using banana peels. Can be a source of potassium and calcium eggshell. Embed it in the soil, and the shell will gradually begin to release calcium and potassium.

Globular chrysanthemums were bred quite recently for growing in gardens, and in a short time they managed to gain great popularity. These flowers are exceptionally decorative and at the same time unpretentious in care. The flower feels great in open ground and does not cause much trouble with planting.

Varieties and varieties

IN Lately spherical chrysanthemums are incredibly popular. And the number of varieties reaches four thousand hybrids of various colors, including blue and green shades. Only viewing numerous photos will help you decide on the choice of variety. Low chrysanthemum bushes are densely dotted with flowers, which gives them a special charm. These plants bloom from August until frost.

The bushes of this chrysanthemum have the shape of a ball, densely strewn with flowers.

Here are some of the common varieties:

1. "Ida" - a bush up to 60 cm tall in the shape of a ball, dotted with small (up to 3 cm in diameter) flowers. Blooms from September.
2. "Knopa" - is distinguished by abundant flowering. During flowering, the low bush (30-35 cm) is completely covered with yellow flowers, the number of which reaches 160 flowers at a time.
3. "Multiflora" is the most common variety. Small flowers have a very extensive color scheme. Blooms from early September.

Planting spherical chrysanthemum

When grown from seeds, chrysanthemums lose their varietal properties, so these flowers are planted as shoots. A place for the plant must be chosen that is illuminated. In the shade, the flower can stretch out and change the timing of flowering. Chrysanthemum prefers nutritious and loose soil. Besides, good drainage will also play an important role in the development of the plant.

Globular chrysanthemums propagate by cuttings

It is best to plant cuttings on days when there is no sun. If this is not possible, then for several days after planting it is advisable to shade the plant a little, but in such a way that the shelter and cuttings do not touch. The shoots are planted in holes up to 40 cm deep. The hole must be well watered, a drainage layer must be laid and covered with a mixture of soil and vermicompost in a ratio of 20:1. There is no need to deepen the sprouts excessively.

Advice. If you are landing tall variety, then take care of the support.

Caring for chrysanthemums

Gardeners often recommend carrying out the pinching procedure on the 20th day after planting in the ground. To do this you need to remove top part shoot, on which several nodes are located. Pinching is done in order to form a spherical shape of the bush. However, there are also flower growers who claim that the shape is genetically inherent in this type of chrysanthemum, and pinching can be omitted.

Water the plant often, but not too much

A significant role in proper care watering plays. Following simple rules will preserve the splendor of spherical chrysanthemums and prevent lignification of young shoots. In hot summers, chrysanthemums need frequent but moderate watering.

Advice. Chrysanthemums will be grateful if you water them with rain or settled water.

Despite the fact that spherical chrysanthemums are a perennial crop, it is not recommended to grow them in one place for more than two years in a row. This leads to degeneration of the variety and modification of the shape of the bush; the shoots become elongated and turn pale. Therefore, it is recommended to dig up the plant every two years, divide and replant. This especially applies to the southern regions, where the plant is left to overwinter in open ground.

Perennial chrysanthemums should be replanted to a new location every 2 years

After the chrysanthemums have bloomed, the stems are cut to 10 cm and the chrysanthemum is prepared for wintering. In the southern regions, flowers are simply left in the ground, without additional preparation. In the middle zone, the plant can be covered with spruce branches or other covering material for the winter, if the winter temperature does not drop too low. If the winters are harsh and, moreover, without snow, it is recommended to dig up chrysanthemums for the winter and replant them in flowerpots, which are stored in a dark, cool place until spring.

Attention. If there is fungus or mold in the basement or cellar in which you plan to leave the chrysanthemum for the winter, this can destroy the plant. To avoid the appearance of unwanted organisms, it is necessary to arrange good ventilation, and treat the damaged walls with copper sulfate or used machine oil.

You can awaken a chrysanthemum in a flowerpot as early as April, and the cover from the garden bed must be removed immediately when it gets warm to prevent the flowers from getting wet.

Fertilizer and feeding

Globular chrysanthemums are among those flowers that are better to underfeed than to overfeed. Therefore, gardeners recommend fertilizing once - in the spring at the beginning of the season. Most often, organic matter is used for this - humus or mullein. If the plant still looks weak, you can apply phosphorus-potassium fertilizers, but only before the buds begin to form.

Feed chrysanthemums with organic fertilizers

Propagation of spherical chrysanthemum

Chrysanthemums can be propagated in three ways:

1. Cuttings.
2. Rhizome division.
3. Dividing the bush.

Propagation by seeds, as mentioned above, is not recommended due to the fact that the plant loses all varietal characteristics.

Flowers are transplanted in the spring, when the frosts have finally gone away. If the plant overwintered in the ground, then during this period it must be dug up and divided. It is recommended to plant the divisions in a new place, at a distance of 50 cm from each other.

When replanting a chrysanthemum, give it enough time to take root before frost sets in.

You can propagate the plant at the end of summer, but the time must be calculated so that the chrysanthemum has time to take root before winter. If you are not sure that this is possible, it is better to plant the young plants in flowerpots and leave them to overwinter indoors, where the temperature in winter is 4-7 C. Under these conditions, the chrysanthemum is guaranteed to overwinter and in the spring the young bushes can be planted outdoors priming.

Advice. Don't forget to regularly water plants planted for the winter.

Cuttings are best done in February. At this time, chrysanthemums need to be planted in a greenhouse and watering should be increased. When young shoots appear, you need to choose the strongest ones. The length of the shoots should not exceed 10 cm. Cut cuttings are planted in a prepared mixture of sand, garden soil and humus and covered with glass or film. After 3-4 weeks, the plants have already taken root enough to be planted in pots, and when the last frost has passed, the crop can be planted in open ground.

Diseases and pests

Chrysanthemum is quite resistant to various kinds of diseases, but does not have one hundred percent immunity. Sometimes flower growers complain that Bottom part the stem of the plant becomes bare, and the leaves turn black. This is the result of the action " powdery mildew" It appears when the bush is over-watered and too dense. In addition, the cause may be a large temperature difference. In case of infection with this disease, it is necessary to treat the plants with preparations containing copper. You can also carry out preventative spraying at the beginning of summer.

Regularly collect caterpillars from chrysanthemum bushes

Occasionally, you may encounter the fact that all the leaves on the plant turn brown and begin to dry out. This means that the plant has been burned. It is recommended to remove such a bush from the garden bed and burn it.

Inspect the plant regularly for caterpillars, which can harm the flowers by eating the buds. During caterpillar infestations, spider mites and aphids, it is necessary to treat the plant with special preparations that are sold in gardening stores.

Fitosporin can be added to irrigation water for prevention purposes. This will prevent root rot from occurring.

Globular chrysanthemums in landscape design and in combination with other plants

If you look at numerous photos of spherical chrysanthemums, you can see that their use in landscape design is quite diverse.

When choosing a place for chrysanthemums, it is necessary to take into account the size of the bush. tall plants will fit better with equally tall neighbors, and short ones, accordingly, with small plants. But don't shy away from experimentation. You can plant a bed of chrysanthemums different heights and shades, placing more small varieties bring to Front.

Globular chrysanthemums look great with coniferous plants. Bright, rounded shapes smooth out and add liveliness to austere evergreen crops.

Globular chrysanthemum in landscape design

Low varieties of this perennial flower widely used to create mixed borders. In addition, they can mark the boundaries of beds and paths.

The variety of colors of spherical chrysanthemums allows you to experiment with color combinations. For example, a green lawn will be an ideal backdrop for white chrysanthemums. Yes and yellow flowers will look spectacular against the background of emerald grass or silver leaves of Elymus nobilis.

Globular chrysanthemums will look interesting in combination with cereals, marigolds or cosmos.

In autumn, when most of the plants have already bloomed and are preparing to spend the winter, bright flower beds, arranged from chrysanthemums of various colors, will delight your eye with festive flowers. Plant yellow, red, white and pink colors and enjoy the riot of colors.

Chrysanthemums of different colors look very beautiful in one flowerbed.

Ball-shaped chrysanthemums are ideal for mixborders. Alternatively, these lush flowers can be used as a vibrant focal point in your lawn, with cold-tolerant plants such as snapdragons and calendula bordered along the edges.

Sometimes gardeners grow chrysanthemums as home potted flowers. Vases with these flowers decorate terraces and balconies. But not all varieties are able to show their full potential in a limited space.

In general, caring for chrysanthemums is not burdensome and does not require any special skills. In order for these beautiful autumn flowers to delight you until the frosts, it is enough to follow simple rules. A little attention and patience - and your garden will be irresistible.

Varieties of spherical chrysanthemum: video

Types of globular chrysanthemum: photo

Bushes that have wintered in the ground more than once are also planted. If this is not done, many plants will grow from one place and interfere with each other. You won’t get a beautiful rounded bush if you grow it this way.

How to properly care for a spherical chrysanthemum:

1. Young bushes need to be watered until they take root. This will be evidenced by the active growth of shoots. In order for moisture to be stored in the soil for as long as possible, it needs to be mulched. Peat and mowed grass can be used as mulch in a layer of several centimeters. Watering in summer and autumn depends on weather conditions. If it rains frequently, then additional watering will not be needed. If there is a drought outside, they are necessary.
2. You need to apply nitrogen fertilizer to chrysanthemums once, soon after they begin to actively develop. For this, humus is used. Nitrogen fertilizers that cause active growth are no longer used. After all, it is small specimens with a large number of buds that are more valued. It is necessary to feed spherical chrysanthemums during the bud setting phase. The plant is watered before and after applying fertilizer. Chrysanthemum needs potassium and phosphorus fertilizers. Use superphosphate or wood ash infusion.
3. In summer and autumn, spherical chrysanthemum bushes can be transplanted to another location. They tolerate this procedure well. You can plant them in pots, but only after a third of all available buds have opened. After replanting, you need to water the bush generously and mulch the soil around it.

The globular chrysanthemum is practically not damaged by diseases. But if it rains for a long time, you can treat the bushes to prevent fungal diseases. If a white coating appears on the leaves, this is a sign of powdery mildew.

To combat it, damaged leaves are removed and replaced. upper layer soil, in which the causative agents of fungal diseases are located. Then they are treated with a fungicide (for example, Fitoverm) or a copper-soap solution.

Pests love to settle on chrysanthemums and feast on its juice. It can be:

• Thrips
• Slugs
• Ticks

They need to be combated with insecticides (Intavir, Aktara, Iskra). In order to notice them in time, you need to regularly inspect the bushes. After all, most of the listed pests are very small.

After the spherical chrysanthemum has faded, the bush is cut at a height of 10-15 cm from the ground. If the chrysanthemum grows in the southern regions, it is enough to lightly cover it from frost. If it is located a little further north, Korean varieties are left outside under light cover.

You can use fallen leaves. You should not cover it with nut leaves, because it contains a lot of iodine, which can burn the buds. In the spring, immediately after the soil has hardened, the cover is removed. Otherwise, the bush may get wet and disappear.

Multiflora bushes are dug up and placed in pots or boxes with soil.

You can dig them up during the flowering period and install them in the house. After they bloom, they are taken out to a cool room. The temperature in the cellar where chrysanthemums are stored should be no higher than 5°C. Periodically moisten the soil so that it does not dry out. But you can't fill it with water, root system will rot. The soil should be slightly damp. Plants do not need light in winter.

Globular chrysanthemum received in last years wide use. Colorful bushes, completely covered with flowers, decorate flower beds, borders, and mixed borders. With their help it is easy to form any pattern. After all, they are compact, bloom long time, have a wide range of colors.

Globular chrysanthemums look good against the background of coniferous plants.

They mark the boundaries of the tracks. You can use flowers for mixborders. On a green, well-groomed lawn, single bushes of light colors will look very elegant.

The spherical chrysanthemum can be grown as a potted crop. It can be installed both on external window sills and indoors. You just need to take into account that the temperature in the room should not be high. She will feel better at 16°C. For the winter, the pot with the cut flower is taken to the cellar. In spring you can grow it again in a pot or plant it outside.

More information can be found in the video: