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Do-it-yourself desktop jigsaw drawings. How to make a homemade jigsaw

Do-it-yourself desktop jigsaw drawings. How to make a homemade jigsaw

For figured cutting on wood, a hand jigsaw was traditionally used - a simple tool with a thin file that allows you to create elegant patterns from wood. Was later invented jigsaw machine, working on muscular traction like a leg sewing machine or potter's wheel.

The development of technology and the emergence of compact low-power electric motors led to the creation of a manual jigsaw, and then a corresponding electrified machine, which you can make yourself.

Purpose

Stationary units that ensure vertical movement of the saw blade allow you to cut from sheet materials parts of complex shapes, elements with curved edges. If you insert a file into through hole, drilled in the workpiece, you can make a figured contour inside the product.

Using jigsaw machines, workpieces from various sheet materials are processed, including:

  • solid wood;
  • plywood;
  • wood-containing boards (chipboard, fiberboard, MDF);
  • aluminum;
  • plastic.

Using a jigsaw machine you will be able to increase labor productivity and significantly improve the quality of processing of shaped edges of products. This is explained by the fact that the working person has both hands free and he can position the workpiece as accurately as possible relative to the moving one. cutting blade. This is the main advantage of a stationary tool with an electric drive from a manual jigsaw.

Jigsaw machines are installed in school and home workshops; this type of equipment is also used in furniture production and during production musical instruments. Modern laser machines can be used instead of jigsaws, as they provide highest precision cutting along a given contour, but their use limits the effect of the burnt ends of the parts.

Device

The tabletop jigsaw machine consists of the following elements:

  • bed (supporting structure on which all mechanisms and components are mounted);
  • Desktop;
  • electric drive;
  • crank mechanism (responsible for converting the rotation of the engine shaft into reciprocating movement of the saw);
  • double rocker (equipped with clamps for saw blades and a tension mechanism).

The machines produced today are mostly designed to use saw blades with a length of 200-350 mm and a working stroke of 30-50 mm. Files vary in width (2-10 mm), thickness (0.6-1.25 mm) and type of shank - they come with pins and without pins. The latter are more convenient, since to cut out the internal contour it is necessary to drill a hole in the workpiece through which the end of the file should pass. If there is a pin, the hole should be noticeably larger. Some models of jigsaw machines allow you to attach saws of both types, including old-style ones, from Soviet hand tools. Files also vary in the size of the teeth and their arrangement - it can be straight or spiral.

Tool selection

To choose good machine, suitable for solution specific tasks, you need to pay attention to its power. The main part of the models is equipped with an electric drive with a power of 90 to 500 W. For home use Optimal power is 150-200 W.

An important selection criterion is the presence of two operating speeds of the unit. IN standard version– 600 and 1000 rpm. This makes it possible to select the appropriate mode for working with materials of different densities.

The desktop can be fixed or rotating. Fixing the table at an angle allows you to cut material at specified angles other than 90°. There are also models that provide table height adjustment - this allows you to extend service life file, since you can use different sections along its entire length for work, and not just the central part.

Manufacturers equip jigsaw machines with a variety of options, including:

  • a compressor to remove chips from the marking line with a stream of air;
  • drilling block;
  • illumination of the working area;
  • guarding the blade (will not allow your fingers to come into contact with the moving saw);
  • clamping device (prevents vibration of sheet material of small thickness).

Additional options increase the cost of the jigsaw, but do not fundamentally affect its functionality.

Manufacturers

The power tools market includes different kinds jigsaw machines: from devices designed for creative work at home to high-performance models designed for professional use. In addition to machines that use regular saws, you can find band jigsaws on sale.

The list of popular brands includes Bosch, Hegner, Einhell, Proxxon, Makita, DeWALT, JET, Xendoll, Excalibur, Kroton, Korvet, Zubr.

The leader in quality and reliability is the products of well-known German marks Bosch, Einhell and Hegner. In addition, the lines of jigsaw machines include a wide range of models of varying power and configuration, which makes it possible to choose a high-quality electric jigsaw for the home that is optimal in functionality.

Budget models, including made in China, also performed well. Models of the Korvet, Zubr and other brands are suitable for home use without increased loads.

Before purchasing a jigsaw machine, regardless of its brand, you should definitely conduct tests to evaluate the smoothness of the working part and the noise level, and make sure there are no extraneous sounds and vibrations. It is recommended to compare several models from different brands and purchase the option with the best performance.

Making a jigsaw with your own hands

Homemade machine made to replace regular jigsaw woodworking, is able to ensure high-quality performance of the basic set of operations on figure cutting sheet materials. Depending on the purpose, you can design a compact electric model or a stationary unit designed for high loads.

Materials

As a basic diagram, it is most convenient to use a drawing of a simple wooden jigsaw with a flywheel and pedal assembly and replace the mechanical drive with an electric one. If the machine is intended to be used only occasionally, you can do without a special electric motor. Instead, connect any suitable power tool. It is convenient to use a screwdriver with adjustable rotation speed.

The material used to manufacture the machine itself is wood, and:

  • it is better to make the frame and the supporting pedestal for the lever bar from high-strength plywood (minimum thickness - 18 mm);
  • for a lever structure, you need to take dense wood that is not prone to cracking under load - beech or oak (instead of buying bars, you can use straight legs of old chairs of suitable size);
  • for the crank mechanism, plywood with a thickness of 10-12 mm is required;
  • For the remaining elements of the structure, pine lumber and various trimmings are suitable.

According to the jigsaw machine diagram, a bed and a supporting pedestal are made. Wood screws should be used as fastening elements, joints wooden elements It is recommended to coat the structures with PVA emulsion. It is important that the structure is strong and there is no play, otherwise the accuracy of the machine will be low.

Parts preparation and assembly

Next, the levers of the required length are cut out, and cuts are made at their ends for fastening the saw. The mount is made of a steel plate 2-3 mm thick, with a pair of holes. The upper hole allows you to fix the plate on the lever, and the lower one is intended for attaching the shank of the file. Fastening elements - screws of suitable diameter and nuts - are more convenient to use wing nuts. The mount is installed on the lower arm in the same way.

At the next stage, the lever system is mounted on the frame. To connect the free ends of the levers, a screw tie (lanyard) is used, which makes it possible to easily adjust the tension of the saw blade.

Note! The length of the files used should be determined in advance, since the size of the lever mechanism depends on this. It is necessary to ensure that the levers are as parallel as possible relative to each other.

The racks need to be fastened together to create a strong support for the flywheel. The axis can be a pin or a bolt of at least strength class 8. The flywheel is connected to the lower lever by means of a connecting rod made of the same plywood, while the rods connecting to the lever must be metal.

At the next stage, a work table with a rotating mechanism is made - a rotating arc with a slot must be cut out of plywood. The table is installed on the bed. For easy fixation swivel mechanism in the desired position, use a wing nut.

In this model, the electric drive is a screwdriver - to operate it, just connect its chuck to the flywheel axis. You can regulate the speed using a variable-force clamp made of a durable strap and a small clamp (or other screw tightening).

Simple in design homemade machine convenient to use.

Robust stationary design

The design of a jigsaw for professional use is practically no different from a compact one wooden model. It is only important to choose the right materials so that the unit is able to withstand increased loads and does not vibrate during operation.

  • bed – heavy chipboard;
  • rack under lever design– hardboard, textolite of suitable thickness;
  • levers – steel square pipe;
  • table top - any durable, hard and smooth material.

Elements for fastening the blade (can be taken from an old hacksaw) are soldered to the levers or secured with screws.

You will need a working electric drive with a gearbox that will provide the necessary torque. To start the engine of a homemade jigsaw machine, it is convenient to provide foot pedal(take from an old electric sewing machine or make one using any suitable electric button).

When assembling the structure, they are used metal racks and metal fasteners. Using a metal insert, you can strengthen the fastening of the connecting rod. This will reduce vibrations and reduce wear.

The tabletop has a long working slot to allow rotation around the longitudinal axis.

A spring is provided to tension the web. The lower lever is responsible for the movement of the working blade, the upper one helps to hold the file in a vertical position.

Thus, an electric jigsaw can be assembled on your own using available materials. This will not require serious financial costs, but will only take some time to find materials, necessary parts and assembly.

A jigsaw is a special device that is designed to perform work on sawing wood, its derivatives, as well as other materials (for example: plastic, plasterboard sheets, polystyrene foam, and so on) along curved contours and straight lines.

Depending on power electric drive can be divided into two types:

  • power up to 150 W;
  • power over 150 W.

Machines with a power of up to 150 W are used mainly at home, for manufacturing work. various crafts from materials of medium and low density and thickness.

Machines with drive power over 150W are mainly used in industrial conditions, when working with hardwood and other materials. Such jigsaw machines allow you to work with material thicknesses up to 10 centimeters.

For home and semi-professional use, in order to save money, you can make a homemade jigsaw machine. In this case, you will need to have basic knowledge in plumbing and electrical engineering, as well as a small amount hand tools.

Making a homemade jigsaw machine

In order to make a jigsaw machine with your own hands, you will need:

  • eight wooden planks for making a frame;
  • a sheet of thick plywood for the countertop;
  • several metal corners, welding machine;
  • electric jigsaw;
  • accessories for fastening, drill.

1) We start designing the machine from the frame. For the frame you will need wooden blocks square section 50*50 mm. For support posts Four beams 250mm long are used.

For longitudinal connecting beams, bars 380 mm long are used. The end connecting beams are 250mm long. All bars are connected to each other using ordinary wood screws.

2) We make the tabletop. For the countertop we take plywood, in this situation we should be guided by the principle: the thicker, the better. A sheet of plywood 10mm thick can be considered normal. The sheet is cut to the dimensions of the frame so that the edges and corners protrude 5 centimeters beyond the edge.

After this, on the plywood board you should mark the attachment points for the legs and the jigsaw itself. Holes are drilled according to the markings so that the self-tapping screw is in the center of the leg.

The attachment points should be transferred to the markings for the jigsaw and holes should be drilled. A hole for the saw blade is also cut in advance. We screw the tabletop to the frame using self-tapping screws.

3) The next step is to install the jigsaw under the table top. To do this, the entire structure of the rack is turned over onto the table top.

Electric jigsaw installed according to the markings and screwed to the tabletop with bolts. At this stage, we must not forget that the canvas must already be installed and occupy the position provided for it with a margin for the hole.

At this stage you will need a welding machine to make a fixing structure. It will require four corners. Bottom strip 50*50mm with two holes for bolts. A 200mm long corner is attached to it. Next is a corner measuring 230mm (selected for each case individually depending on the distance from the edge of the tabletop to the canvas).

The descent to the canvas is made from a 150mm long corner to which a jigsaw wheel is attached. This design absorbs all the vibration from the canvas and prevents breakdowns. The entire structure is attached to the tabletop with two bolts. They should not be weakened by vibration.

The work on manufacturing the jigsaw machine is completed, the machine is ready for full operation.

Video: DIY jigsaw machine.

A jigsaw allows you to quickly and efficiently cut wood. consists of a working surface, stands, motor and spindle assembly. Some devices are made on stands. Clamps are quite often installed on the side of the work surface. It is also worth noting that the models differ in power. The manufacture of a jigsaw machine can only be carried out if the instructions are followed.

Desktop devices: expert reviews

If you believe the reviews, then making a desktop modification is very simple. First of all, a stand is prepared for work surface. Its width should not exceed 30 cm. It is more advisable to select a single-phase motor with a maximum voltage of 220 V. A homemade jigsaw machine (desktop) produces an average operating frequency of 55 Hz.

Reviews from experts say that it is better to use yews made of steel; if desired, you can cut them yourself. The file is installed on a spindle assembly, which is attached to the stand. Many models use a latch that acts as a stop. To secure the file, a small screw is used.

Models with legs

If necessary, you can do this yourself. Modification drawings include frames different sizes, and spindle units are usually used with guides. Many models are made on a wide bed. Legs can be installed from tubes. There are also machines with plates. After cutting out the working platform, you should work on the spindle assembly.

If we consider devices with control units, then the model will require a controller. It is more expedient to use a 220 V commutator type motor. Yews on jigsaw machines are installed as a rotary type. The direction must be welded to the edge of the plate. File in in this case must be securely fixed. Optimal height spindle assembly is 2.2 cm. At the end of the work, it is important to start installing power cable and connecting equipment.

Reviews of devices with wide frames

Professionals are able to assemble a jigsaw machine with their own hands. Device drawings indicate the presence of wide stops. However, first of all, you need to install the bed. If we consider a simple machine, then the lock for modification can be selected of a small length. Reviews from experts indicate that two racks are enough for the model. To assemble the machine it is used welding inverter. The spindle assembly itself is installed in the central part of the working platform. The hole for the file can be made with a milling cutter. It is also worth noting that experts do not recommend using two-phase motors.

Compact modifications

By following the instructions, you can assemble a compact jigsaw machine with your own hands. Device drawings include double racks and narrow frames. Beds are used with a low profile. Many models have a spindle assembly without a holder. In this case, the guides are installed at short lengths. For self-assembly For models, it is recommended that you first select a high-quality frame.

Additionally, a clamp is soldered under the working plate. To reduce vibration levels, you can use a pad. Regular glue is used to fix it. The file for modification should be selected with a small thickness. Optimal distance installation of the central unit is 14 cm. At the same time, the width of the platform is on average 17 cm.

Jigsaws 2 kW

If you wish, you can make this jigsaw machine with your own hands. Drawings for assembling the modification are very easy to find. As a rule, frames are used with a width of 35 cm. The thickness of the plate should be about 1.5 mm. The hole for the file must be made before installing the central unit. If we consider models without stops, then the frame is used with a low profile. It is also worth noting that it is more advisable to install the spindle assembly on a lining.

A casing is used to reduce noise levels. Many models use multiple stops. In this case, the unit is installed at a height of 10 cm. It is better to fix the file on the plate. The clamp can be used screw type. After fixing the central unit, the motor is installed. For modification of this type, a device with a single-phase unit is suitable.

3 kW models

It’s quite easy to make a 3 kW desktop jigsaw with your own hands. Experts recommend using racks with wide stops. The clamps need to be installed only after the central unit. The modification file can be adjusted to 1.2 mm. Some experts make the hole after installing the frame. In this case, the supports are soldered to the sides of the table.

Next, it is important to evaluate the spindle size. It is more advisable to use the motor with a protection system and casing. It is also worth noting that collector devices that operate at a frequency of 45 Hz are very popular. They have low energy consumption and do not overheat. Holders are used to secure workpieces. The optimal spindle height is 15 cm. It is also worth noting that there are models with tuning plates. A flywheel is used to control the stand. A conventional controller is available to install the control unit.

How to make a 5 kW device

Having prepared several stops, you can make a jigsaw machine with your own hands. Reviews from experts indicate that 5 kW models are well suited for longitudinal cut. Before starting work, all necessary tool. You will need a saw, as well as a welding machine and a cutter. It is more expedient to assemble the frame for a jigsaw from steel plates with a thickness of 1.3 mm or more. You need to immediately provide a place for the motor. The frames in the devices are installed with a high profile.

At this stage, you can immediately cut a hole for the file. The plug assembly must be mounted on the top of the plate. Additionally, it is worth noting that the file will require a large holder. If we consider simple model, then the racks can be installed on the sides of the frame. Yews are of the rotary type. There must be a stand at the top of the frame. A small casing is fitted under the motor. On average, the width of the frame should be 35 cm. If we consider professional models, they use adjustable clamps.

Modifications for two quills

How to make a jigsaw machine with your own hands? The model with two quills is assembled only on a wide frame. First of all, the plates for the bed are cut out. If we consider a desktop modification, then it is more appropriate to install the control unit at the top of the device. The optimal frame width is 45 cm. In this case, the spindle assembly is installed behind the stops.

There must be provision for racks. Many models use transmission units. In this case, motors are only suitable for commutator type with a frequency of 30 Hz or more. The file is installed as standard in the holder. The optimal height of the spindle assembly for models is 35 cm. Quills for adjusting the bed are used with flywheels.

Models with three quills

It’s easy to make this one with your own hands based on a single-phase motor. Tools should be prepared in advance. Many models are equipped with frames with four stops. They have a long length and a high profile. It is also worth noting that spindle assemblies are selected from. At the beginning of work, it is very important to calculate the length of the frame. If we consider ordinary spindle units, then the stand for them is prepared in a short length.

The central support must withstand heavy loads. A welding inverter is used to install the plates. The motor will require a casing that will significantly reduce the noise level of the device. The saw for modifications of this type is suitable for 1.2 mm. With a power of 3 kW, a device with three quills will produce a frequency of 55 Hz. To fix the flywheels, brackets are needed.


I didn’t want to permanently place my expensive Makita jigsaw on the table, so I decided to buy another one to create a table. I was very lucky to find a jigsaw in the “Our House” store Caliber LEM-610E for only 862r. Includes: wood saw, side stop, adapter for vacuum cleaner, spare brushes for the motor.

There was an outlet next to the display case and I looked at it in action. It is quite well made, convenient, there is a speed control with a wheel, and the activation is fixed with a button. The saw holder moves smoothly without any play.

It’s very fortunate that I was able to twirl it in my hands before buying it; I wouldn’t risk ordering it from the Vseistrumenty.ru website without knowing what it is. (Although they write good reviews about it) By the way, it costs more there and there is also a delivery fee... so I successfully bought it at Our House. :)

Despite its advantages, it has a number of disadvantages that I noticed upon closer examination:

1) The file does not fit into the saw holder. Apparently this is a defective copy, but I did not waste my time on the exchange. Each file has to be sharpened. (Although I won’t be able to use them on the second jigsaw after grinding - it doesn’t matter, they are relatively inexpensive)
2) And this flaw is visible even in the picture. The canvas is tilted strongly forward. (This was also corrected by placing tin strips under the back of the sole, achieving 90 o.
3) The speed control wheel turns heavily, not very clearly and with jamming. At the minimum speed value, the tool cannot start at all (However, the same garbage with starting is with my other “calibrated” drills. This is unpleasant, but does not spoil life much)


As always, everything is in the spirit of minimalism. I did not make a separate switch. It is quite convenient to turn on with a standard button and lock into place.

To do this, I bought a bracket at KrepMarket (this is a fastening element from some kind of iron structure system)

By the way, I really love CrepeMarket. Any screws, nuts, screws, fasteners. Every time I design something, I wander around in thought and collect the necessary details.

I cut off the excess and sharpened it.

Back view. Now the distance between the bearings has a fixed clearance for the file of 1.2mm. I have a plan for the future: to make a gap adjustment.

For thin materials it can be lowered.

As an experiment, I drew a star and tried to cut it out evenly


For a 130mm file, the maximum possible thickness is 5cm. It turns out there are very long files; I recently saw a 300mm file on the market

I sawed off a 1.5mm slice from a 40x40mm block

Which is what I did. Now you can use it to cut long workpieces 11.5 cm wide. The old L-shaped design also remains, and if greater strength of the holder is needed, it can be installed again, although the new design remains quite strong and reliable.

I also came up with the idea of ​​making a knife from an old dull file, grinding off its teeth and sharpening it.

They can be used to cut material like sealant into shapes. The cut is smooth. Much better than a utility knife. The photo shows a mouse pad.

Well, that's probably all. The table turned out to be reliable and comfortable. Now I have a tool with which I can perform more delicate work than with a circular saw.

Many people have known the fun of cutting with a jigsaw since childhood. The technology is simple. But despite the apparent ease and simplicity of the work, you can get very beautiful lace from wood or plastic. This is a very slow process that requires persistence and patience. To make work easier, jigsaw machines were developed. They are functionally divided into two groups: with manual and electric drive.

Jigsaw device with muscle drive

A homemade machine is easy to make. You can find many drawings of this plywood product. Using a jigsaw, your own hands and improvised tools, a simple but functional device is assembled in a short time.

The scope of application of jigsaws is extensive. They are used for cutting figured products from a variety of materials. Machines are also necessary for cutting lumber. In this case, the outer contour of the workpiece remains intact. If you use various files, a homemade jigsaw will work perfectly natural wood, plywood, chipboard, plastic, metal, in particular aluminum.

Examples of do-it-yourself drawings of a jigsaw machine, which operates using muscle power, were repeatedly given in various Soviet-era magazines.

Files for such a jigsaw machine are produced in the form of a flat blade.

Main parts of the machine:

  • Bed (A).
  • A work table with a slot for a saw (B).
  • A large drive pulley that acts as a flywheel (D).
  • Small drive pulley. The drive is combined with a crank mechanism (D).
  • Levers (B).
  • A pedal that spins the flywheel through the crank assembly (E).
  • Saw tension unit (G).

The master, constantly pressing the pedal with his foot, spins the flywheel. Through the belt, the movement of the flywheel is transmitted to the second pulley. Which, in turn, causes the crank mechanism with the saw blade to move.

If the flywheel is correctly balanced, without distortions and with a uniform, correctly selected mass, then the file achieves good smooth running. A similar machine for sawing plywood allows you to quickly produce many simple, similar products. The time and effort required for sawing is significantly reduced.

With this machine design, the size of the initial workpiece is limited. It depends on the length of the levers (B). When complicating the pattern, it is necessary to rotate the product around the saw.

Since the foot drive does not ensure a completely uniform stroke and limits the freedom and imagination of the master, most often such machines are replaced with electric ones.

Construction of a jigsaw machine

An electric band jigsaw is a universal household device for making souvenirs, furniture, and various interior items. There are many options for manufacturing such machines. But the main elements on which the quality of the product and ease of use depend are the electric motor and the blade.

Main design elements:

  • Saw blade.
  • Crank mechanism.
  • Drive part.
  • Belt tension unit.
  • Stand or work table.
  • Various auxiliary elements.

Design and principle of operation

Conversion from a hand jigsaw

The first step is to make a working table for the mechanism. A metal sheet or thick plywood is suitable for these purposes. Holes for the cutting tape and fasteners are drilled and sawed out in the worksheet.

The jigsaw table is then placed on regular table. Once secured, the guide rails can be assembled. To reduce vibration, just cut out the rubber gasket the right size and put between jigsaw table and the main surface.

The above design is convenient in that it can be easily disassembled and can be used again as a hand jigsaw.

Since the standard device has springs that tension the saw, a rocker arm is necessary. One edge of the rocker arm is attached to the cutting element of the machine, and the second is under tension from springs. These simple steps will easily turn an ordinary jigsaw into a machine.

When operating the device, it is important not to forget to turn off the pendulum stroke before starting cutting.

Assembly from a sewing machine

You can also quickly and easily assemble a homemade jigsaw from a sewing machine. Moreover, this device has interesting feature- regulator of the stroke of the nail file, since on sewing machines There is a speed switch.

First, at the bottom of the machine you need to find a thread weaving knot. To do this, several screws are unscrewed. The cotter pin located inside is knocked out and the drive shaft, which is connected to the thread weaving complex, is removed. After completing this procedure, the top panel is unscrewed. The groove along which the needle rode widens slightly to accommodate the saw blade. The files themselves are shortened slightly to the length of the needle. To fix the saw itself, you can make an adapter. But the easiest way is to grind top part cutting blade and sharpen the bottom. After which you can insert the nail file into place of the needle and get to work.

When working with jigsaws of any type, you should not forget about safety rules. Do not leave the device turned on for a long time without supervision.

If the master has long hair, it is better to pick it up or use a special cap. It is better to roll up the sleeves on clothes. The room should be well ventilated. In the room where carpentry work is carried out, a first aid kit with emergency aid for cuts must be kept.

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