Drills for holding spokes and drilling through a shaft hole. Manual mechanical drill What is it?

One of the very first spindles found dates back to the second century BC. It was a bronze pointed lance, curved at the top in the form of a crank for the hand, for which the sharp tip was rotated. On the middle part there are stops for a wooden sleeve. Top part ended with a handle and a stop. Such a hand-held mechanical drill was a similar type of rotary tool known to everyone in our time.

Kolovorot - a product of the past?

Although the bracelet has its origins in ancient times, it has not lost its purpose in our time. The development of technological progress has not bypassed this seemingly simple product. Equipped modern devices it is fundamentally different from that found in the second century BC, the main differences are:

• this is the presence of a chuck, which, depending on the design, can clamp a shank with a diameter from 0.8 mm to 13 mm;
• the second is a ratchet, which is designed to help make holes in materials with limited space, for example, near a wall. With its help, you can make not a circular, but a translational movement of the handle using a ratchet. Device ratchet mechanism simple - clinging with a pawl to the notches of the wheel connected by a rod to the working element, it transmits the force applied to the handle only in one direction;
• Also, the height of the shank and the purpose of the actuator can change depending on the need.
  When changing the working tool, the brace can be used as a screwdriver or just a drill.

Application of drill

Boraxes are widely used in construction and gardening work. Manual and electric drills a hole is made in the ground much faster than when digging.
Winter fishing can't do without holes. They are quickly and accurately made in a layer of thick ice when ice fishing with the same device much more accurately and faster than with an ice pick.

The design of rotators and drills for all purposes of their varieties was located not only in the tips of the cutting device, but also in the removal of waste material from the work area - via a screw or screw recesses on the working body.

Rotator with ratchet mechanism 250mm Stanley 1-02-715

A universal tool designed to work with high force and a large universal tool. The rotator is equipped with a four-jaw self-centering chuck for a working tool round shank diameter of up to 13 mm.

Thanks to the presence of a ratcheting mechanism, it is possible to work with any attachments in hard-to-reach places. The handle and thrust head are made of thermosetting high-strength plastic and are close to metal in strength.

The handle and thrust head are mounted on ball bearings, which reduces torsional resistance to zero and virtually eliminates their malfunction.

Chrome-plated parts give the product a beautiful aesthetic appearance and protect against corrosion.

The tool can be used not only for drilling holes in wood and other materials, but thanks to direct muscle control, it can quickly cut threads with taps and dies. The brace is also used to work with fastening materials; with its help, you can easily tighten and unscrew screws and screws.

Production of handicrafts American company Stanley has been established since the beginning of the century and has a high reputation throughout the world. A universal mechanical hand drill can be purchased at the company’s specialized dealership centers and stores. Numerous Internet resources also offer this and many other tools with instant registration and delivery by mail to the specified address.

Hand-held mini mechanical drills

Such devices are so miniature that it is more common to call them a pencil or pen than a drill, but by design they are just drills.
The average size accessories: Length 12-18 cm. Weight 20 -25 g. Can be used with cone and regular drills, like screwdrivers or awls. Clamp shank diameter from 0.2 to 3.2 mm.

The body is made of a hollow rod into which a freely rotating stop—the head—is inserted from above. This stop is usually removable. Drills or working bits with flat and cross tips can be placed inside the cavity of the rod.

The lower part of the body is made with a threaded groove onto which the cartridge is screwed. The chuck is an ordinary collet chuck with a clamping external thread for clamping.
Hand-held mini mechanical drills are most in demand in professions related to electronics and electrical engineering; such handy tools are very convenient for cleaning or making new holes in circuit boards of electrical devices, disassembling small mechanisms, and using them as a marker for making notches on hard surfaces.

The body is usually made of duralumin with external square notches in the middle part for greater grip on the fingers.

Multi Handle (manual collet micro drill from Wave)

Without exaggeration, we can say that this is one of the most stylish and beautiful micro drills that are commercially available. In addition, it is made of very high quality and has the following advantages:

The body is made with large notches from durable aluminum alloy.
The material is a thin-walled tube, the internal cavity is closed with a plug with an o-ring rubber seal. The rubber ring does not prevent the lid from slipping during rotation. But when removed from the case it has significant resistance.

The clamping device is made like the 3-jaw chucks found in drills. All other similar models are purely collet clamps.
The product is produced by the Japanese corporation Wave.

Collet clamps

The principle of operation of the collet clamp can be understood from the figure. The clamp body is made of high-quality spring steel. The classic round body has slots into which the working tool is inserted with its edges.

If the tool shank is round, then it is clamped by unscrewing the expansion rod in the center or from the outside of the body using a clamping sleeve.

Wave's three-jaw chuck holds and centers the work drill shank more securely than a collet. This is especially true for shanks with small diameters from 0.3 to 1 mm. The jaws, made of carbide metal, are spring-loaded to facilitate work when changing tools. The clamp is made by simply twisting the skirt of the cartridge body.

By purchasing a beautiful and high-quality instrument, as a bonus, you can get pleasure from working with a good instrument.

How far has the progress come?

If you don’t want to twist your hands, then you can purchase the product Micro 8050-35 from the American company Dremel

This machine runs on built-in li-ion battery voltage of 7.2V and can serve not only as a tool for drilling holes, but, depending on the replaceable attachment used, as a grinder or grover. The weight of the device is only 250 g.
Primary packaging in cardboard box on which the available attachments, operating techniques and photos of the tool itself are shown in bright pictures.
The set includes 18 attachments, a charger with a power supply for an output voltage of 12V, 150-200 mA. The block is universal, but it is better to check it once again by looking at the inscription as in the picture. If there is no such inscription, then you can purchase a suitable adapter; there are many of them on sale and are inexpensive. Judging by the reviews from readers, the charger works well on 220 V. Of course, before connecting it to a 220 V network (instead of 115 V), it is better to consult a specialist or seller. The package includes a box with accessories and a carrying case for carrying the grower, as well as a standard number of attachments of 18 pieces, which include: polishing paste; metal mesh different hardness; conical cutters, cutting wheels, drills.
Illuminated working area, which turns on when you press the start button, the backlight is bright - four LEDs located around the spindle shaft.
The three-stage speed controller operates from the “plus - minus” button and has five stages of adjustment in thousand rpm: 10;15;20; 25; 28. When turned on, the motor is set to medium speed. At the top of the case there is a battery charge indicator, consisting of two LEDs: a red light signals the end of charging.

You should remember the features of Li-ion batteries - regardless of the intensity of work, they must be changed every 5-6 years from the date of issue.

The domestic model is represented by the “Whirlwind G-160GV”

Model with full electric drive and is universal remedy for use from grinding to engraving.
The kit includes the grower itself, a plastic case, a flexible shaft, and a set of attachments.
The device weighs 630 grams with a rated power of 160 W.
The rotation speed of the nozzle is from 8000 to 30000 rpm and is regulated by a switch located on the back of the body. The number of adjustment steps is from one to seven. On the opposite side there is a power button.
The motor is a commutator motor, modernized with quick access to the electric brushes, which allows them to be quickly changed without opening the housing.
The universal system for installing replaceable nozzles includes 2 collets of 3.2 mm and 1 collet of 2.3 mm.

Unforgettable! about safety precautions: before changing working attachments, you must disconnect the device from the network.

A flexible shaft is used to work with small parts and engraving. Installing the shaft will not cause difficulties; to do this, the end of the cable is inserted into the hole in the output shaft of the machine and secured with a threaded clamp of the protective casing.

There is a metal bracket on the back of the case to allow the tool to be suspended.
A mini drill with an electric drive or a mechanical one can be bought at numerous dealership centers and stores. On numerous Internet resources you can place an order with delivery to your address, in case poor quality delivery The supplier guarantees a refund. When purchasing a manual mechanical drill in Moscow by ordering online or by calling the phone, the goods are delivered to your home address with payment for the goods to the courier.

Single Speed ​​Mechanical Hand Drill

One of the stages of improvement rotators steel hand drills mechanical
This device has a gear transmission that allows you to increase the number of revolutions of the working shaft several times. The amount of revolutions depends on the number of teeth of the large wheel with teeth applied to it, which are in mesh with the gear mounted on the working shaft and through it with the chuck. The speed, or as it is also called, depends on the gear ratio of this gear pair - the greater the ratio of the number of teeth, the less force and the greater the speed. The drive handle is attached to a large wheel. The drill chuck usually has an internal thread and is screwed to the shaft with it. Handles for gripping hands can be on ball bearings, bushings or simply rigidly fixed to the base, made of wood, various plastics, textolite. Rotators and hand-held devices for drilling holes, they are easy to use, because the design is collapsible, which is very convenient for carrying in small cases or bags.

Devices with two-stage gearbox

In addition to the single-stage gearbox, two-speed gearboxes are installed on manual devices. The two-speed manual mechanical drill is a compact, lightweight, reliable, multifunctional device. This design reduces the size of gear wheels, dimensions, weight, and also in some models a device is used to activate an additional gear, which when meshed is already a two-stage small-sized multiplier (a gearbox that works to increase the angular speed of the output shaft), which significantly expands functionality devices, for example, at low drill speeds you can drill fragile materials like tiles, on the high side - metal.
The main advantage of two-speed products: independence from electricity; output power depends only on muscle strength; high reliability, small dimensions and weight. The advantages also include: the price of a manual mechanical drill is significantly lower than that of mains-powered power tools and even lower than those operating from autonomous power sources.

Today, such an indispensable tool from the times of the USSR, like a hand drill, is increasingly forgotten. This is due to its replacement electric drills, which have a number of undeniable advantages. However, despite the fact that the hand drill has long faded into the background and even the third place, many craftsmen can still find it in their arsenal. Why a hand drill is needed, as well as its advantages over a power tool, we will consider further.

Hand drills are also called rotary drills or mechanical drills. During the Soviet era, such a device was an indispensable tool not only when conducting repair work, but also for the household in general. Previously, such a drill was called a rotary drill, since it was structurally a curved frame with a chuck for securing drills.

The improvement of the rotator led to the creation of a hand drill, structurally consisting of a chuck, a handle, and also a gearbox with gears. During the USSR, such devices were used to carry out a number of different works. Today, power tools are used for such work, but there are still areas where hand-held devices still continue to be popular.

Hand drill allows you to drill holes in wood, concrete, metal and other materials. The only drawback is the need to rotate the cartridge manually, through a gearbox. Today, such products have found their application in screwing screws. Electric screwdrivers can handle this task quickly and easily, but very often there are times when the power of the power tool is simply not enough to screw the screw in completely. A hand drill comes to the rescue, the screwing force of which directly depends on the physical condition of the person.

As before, today, in medicine, a hand drill is the most necessary tool, which is intended for drilling bones, which is done to make it possible to install knitting needles in them for fusion. In addition, mechanical tools have found their application for marking. Can be used for marking various instruments, and the bracelet, among other things. In addition, with the help of a mechanical tool, existing holes are drilled, countersinked and even reamed, so you should not rush to throw away such useful look tool.

Pros and cons of such a drill

Like a power tool, a hand drill also has its advantages and disadvantages. First, let's list the advantages:

1. Simplicity of design. The simplest design of the tool makes it possible to reduce the cost of the tool and also increase reliability. Modern manual units are made from less quality materials, as in Soviet times. But nevertheless, such a product is difficult to break, and even if any breakdown occurs, it can be fixed quite easily, quickly and independently.
2. No need to connect to electricity. The tool can be used in field conditions, which increases the functionality of the device.
3. Low cost. Today you can buy a new mechanical drill for a maximum of 1000 rubles, but outdated models are more popular, which can be purchased from 400 rubles.

As for the disadvantages, the device in question also has them. These include:

• The need for physical force. Sometimes this property is very useful, as it allows you to pump up your muscles.
• Large dimensions of the product. Despite the simplicity of the design, the product has big sizes than power tools, making it more difficult to transport.
• Heavy weight of some models. The weight of the tool depends on the materials from which the device parts are made. If cast iron is used, the weight of the tool reaches 2-3 kg.

What is

Hand drill and brace have a bit different design, but the end result is the same. The rotational moment of the rotary chuck directly depends on the number of rotational movements by a person. Hand drills come in single-speed and two-speed types.

A two-speed hand drill is equipped with four gears, through which the torque is increased when a force of the same magnitude is applied. This property allows you to regulate the speed of drilling holes, increasing it by 2-4 times compared to a rotary hammer. To regulate the speed, you simply need to change the drive shaft on which the handle is fixed.

Single-speed drills are a simplified version, since they have 2 gears, one of which ( large diameter) is the leader, and the second is the slave. In such tools, the rotation speed of the chuck can only be adjusted manually.

Structurally hand tool represents:

• from two to four gears depending on the type of tool;
• a handle that connects to the drive gear shaft;
• a cartridge presented in the form of a collet mechanism;
• additional handle for holding the device;
• emphasis

The operating principle of a hand drill is quite simple. The drive gear, which is several times larger in size than the driven one, is driven by the handle. The different number of teeth on the drive and driven gears allows you to vary the torque. The transmission torque ensures the rotation of the driven gear, which is rigidly connected to the tool chuck.

Working with a hand drill

When working with a mechanical hand drill, it is important to follow safety rules when working. Such a tool is less dangerous than its electric counterparts, but, nevertheless, it can cause irreparable damage to health. When working with the device in question, it is important to follow the following recommendations:

1. A part that is drilled or screwed into fastener, must be securely fastened, otherwise you may cause damage to yourself.
2. The drill, as with power tools, tends to heat up when drilling, so do not rush to pick it up after finishing the work.
3. It is important to allow the drill bit to cool while drilling, as excessive heat can cause dullness and damage.
4. It is important to wear safety glasses and gloves when working with the tool.

Following simple safety rules when working with a hand drill will help prevent serious injuries and damage.

rpm - 0...1000

2. Power, Tue — 250

:

4. Weight, kg, no more:
- nozzle - 1.2
- electric drive - 0.7

5. dimensions, mm, no more:

The kit includes:

Traumatic drill DR-6 with a through shaft hole

1. Speed cutting tool, rpm - 0...1000

2. Power, Tue — 250

3. Intermittent operation mode:
- cycle duration in minutes - 15
- duration of operation during the cycle in minutes - 10

4. Weight, kg, no more:
- nozzle - 1.2
- electric drive - 0.7

5. Overall dimensions, mm, no more:
- nozzle (without cartridge): length 115, height 152, diameter 45;
- electric drive: length 112, diameter 45.

6. Clamping mechanisms, used only for holding knitting needles:
collet 0.8 - 1.0 for knitting needles with a diameter of 0.8 to 1.0 mm.
collet 1.2 - 1.5 for knitting needles with a diameter of 1.2 to 1.5 mm.
collet 1.5 - 2.0 for knitting needles with a diameter of 1.5 to 2.0 mm.
collet 2.0 - 2.5 for knitting needles with a diameter of 2.0 to 2.5 mm.
ASZM 0.8 - 1.0 for knitting needles with a diameter of 0.8 to 1.0 mm.
ASZM 1.3 - 1.5 for knitting needles with a diameter of 1.3 to 1.5 mm.
ASZM 1.8 - 2.0 for knitting needles with a diameter from 1.8 to 2.0 mm.

7. Clamping mechanisms used for drilling and guiding spokes:
- cam chuck for cutting tools with a shank diameter of 1.0-6.0 mm.

The kit includes:

Drills DR-6 and DR-2A are widely used in traumatology and orthopedics

Surgery and traumatology »» Traumatology and orthopedics »» Traumatological drills DR-6 and DR-2A

Today, with the availability of power tools, such simple and reliable devices, like a mechanical hand drill, are often unfairly forgotten. Meanwhile, even being inferior in its capabilities to electric models, this tool remains practical, autonomous and extremely economical, and under certain conditions may be a better option for drilling or working with fasteners.

Advantages of a manual mechanical drill

One of the main advantages that a hand drill has is its maximum simple design. Most parts are made of metal and breakdowns, even if they do occur, are most often due to mechanical damage, for example, when something massive falls on a drill. This raises the level of reliability to a height unattainable for electric models - there is practically nothing to break in the device. Due to the simplicity of the design and high degree reliability mechanical drill very durable. There are many examples where these devices last for several decades.

In addition, a hand drill works well for drilling holes in wood and other wooden materials(plywood, fiberboard, chipboard), plastic, plasterboard, not too thick metal. If the diameter of the holes produced does not exceed 10 mm, a hand drill can make them with almost the same efficiency as its electric counterparts. At the same time, access to electricity is not required, which is of decisive importance for some conditions. Like other types of similar tools, this one can be used for screwing or unscrewing fastening threaded parts (self-tapping screws, screws, screws). To turn the device into a screwdriver, you just need to fix the corresponding bit in the chuck.

An indisputable advantage inherent in such a tool as a hand drill is its low cost. The price of the tool, depending on the model and diameter of the chuck, can range from 400 to 1000 rubles, which makes it affordable for any buyer, regardless of income level.

Hand drill device

Mechanical drills are usually divided into single-speed and two-speed. The latter are considered more practical and versatile, despite the fact that the design is a little more complex. However, it becomes possible to change the rotation speed, which expands the scope of application.

A hand-held mini-drill, which has one rotation speed, is technically a pair of gears, with the help of which rotation is transmitted from the handle to the chuck. Quite often, the gears are not even hidden in the housing, but are left open.

On the large drive gear there is a handle that drives the mechanism; the small (driven) gear is fixed on a common shaft with a chuck. A stop handle is mounted on the end of the device opposite to the chuck, which allows you to hold the tool and guide it. The design is simple, due to which the hand drill has phenomenal reliability and almost never fails.

Two-speed hand drills are somewhat more complex in design; the device is based on a mechanism called a two-stage multiplier. This is a mechanical gearbox consisting of a set of gears arranged on several axes in one housing.

In order to change the rotation speed, the handle is reinstalled on the desired side, while the gear ratio and, accordingly, the number of revolutions of the cartridge per one revolution of the handle change. To be fair, it should be noted that there are models where the gears are switched by longitudinally shifting the axis of rotation of the handle and there is no need to twist the handle itself to change the rotation speed of the cartridge.

In general, a hand drill is a device that has a shoulder rest, one handle for rotating the chuck, and a handle located on the other side for holding the tool.

The cartridge may be different models, three- or four-cam. The rotating handle is fixed on the shaft, usually with a locking screw. The thrust is screwed into the body on the right or left. If necessary, all parts can be removed, the gears can be cleaned and lubricated.

Safety and subtleties of choice

A hand drill is a simple tool that does not require special skills to operate. However, as when working with other devices, it is necessary to follow simple rules to minimize the likelihood of damage to the working part or injury to a person:

• the workpiece must be fixed - with any attempts to hold it with your hands, situations often arise when the part is pulled out of your fingers, causing injuries along the way;
• do not touch the drill with your hand without making sure that it has cooled down (burns are not uncommon, especially if metal was drilled);
• after replacing the drill, do not forget the key in the chuck;
• when drilling at high speed, to avoid overheating of the drill, it is better to take breaks - and the drill will be more intact, and the work will ultimately be done better;
• Using glasses will protect your eyes from chips.

When choosing a hand drill, you should pay attention to the convenience of the handles, the smooth rotation of the mechanism, and the accuracy of execution. The body should not have burrs, sharp protruding edges, or other signs of poor quality manufacturing. Negligence in execution, as a rule, indicates low quality production, which negatively affects the product.

As practice shows, a mechanical drill is still in demand, despite the fact that today there is a huge selection of “electricians”. It is clear that working with this tool is more tedious and slow compared to drilling with an electric drill or screwdriver, so professional activity A hand drill is rarely used. However, for simple household tasks, this tool can be effective and practical, allowing you to do the same work without access to an electrical outlet, without rushing, but keeping the process completely under control.