Wardrobe wiki. Who invented the wardrobe and when? Office Cabinets

History in Russia

The insides of the cabinets were upholstered with fabrics. The surfaces were painted to look like malachite or marble, and the top was inked in gloss (that is, varnished). The front part could be painted with flowers and fruits.

Classification

By location

• Standing separately- a piece of furniture in the shape of a parallelepiped, located independently of the walls of the room itself.
• Built-in- built into the walls of the room.

By door arrangement

By functional purpose

• Wardrobe(wardrobe, wardrobe, wardrobe) - the closet usually has a compartment with a rod for storing clothes on hangers, a compartment with shelves for clothes, may have drawers, mirrors for both full-length and waist-length reflection of a person. They can also be equipped with tie holders, pull-out baskets, etc.
• Linen closet(linen closet) - a closet for storing linen.
• Cupboard- cabinet for storing dishes.
• Bookcase (bookshelf, library cabinet) - a cabinet for storing books.
• Kitchen Cabinet- a cabinet for storing kitchen and household items.
• Kitchen cabinet-table- a cabinet with a working surface for cooking.
• Cabinet for sink - Kitchen Cabinet for installing a sink.
• Wardrobe with showcase- a cabinet with glazed compartments for displaying various items.
• Wardrobe partition- a cabinet for dividing the room into separate zones.
• Wall cabinet- cabinet for storing items for various purposes, hung on the wall.
• Combined wardrobe- a cabinet with compartments and drawers for storing items for various purposes.
• Secretaire- wardrobe with hinged door or a pull-out board for writing.
• Sideboard- a cabinet for dishes and table linen, the upper plane of which is intended for serving work.
• Cabinet- low height cabinet.
• Dresser- a low-height closet with drawers for linen.
• Toilet cabinet- a low-height cabinet with a mirror and containers for toiletries.
• Bedding cabinet- low-height wardrobe with compartment for bedding

Materials and Finishes

Traditional material For the manufacture of cabinets, wood and its derivatives are used: chipboard, MDF. Facades modern cabinets can be made from various decorative materials: art glass, frescoes, decoration with leather and acrylic, and much more.

In particular, in the manufacture of cabinets for the bathroom and in general rooms with high humidity, moisture-resistant chipboard is used.

Depending on the quality and cost of the cabinet, its front side may contain various types of glass (frosted, stained glass, mirrors) depending on the purpose of the cabinet. All surfaces can be varnished or polished.

Office Cabinets

Over the last century, under the influence of progress, the wardrobe as an object and as a concept began to be used in new areas of human activity, partially losing or changing its furniture function. Where wood is not suitable for operating conditions, other materials began to be used, in particular metal, glass (plexiglass).

A further development of the display cabinet is an all-glass cabinet, possibly on a lightweight metal frame. It is used as a showcase in shops, museums, and exhibitions.

Metal cabinets have a number of remarkable properties, such as fire safety, resistance to the absorption of odors, thin walls compared to wood, significant strength and resistance to mechanical damage. This allows metal cabinets to be used in a variety of areas:

• laboratory cabinets for storing various aggressive liquids, chemicals, gas cylinders
• cabinets for workwear
• gun cabinets (including safe)
• tool cabinets and cabinets (cabinets for storing tools and accessories in factories, repair areas, etc.)
• electrical cabinets for housing power electrical equipment and automation (for example, transformer cabinet)
• mounting cabinets for housing communication equipment and servers

Also called a cabinet is a recess or niche in the wall of a building, closed door. In this case, the wall of the cabinet is a brick or concrete wall of the building. This is how fireproof cabinets (with hydrants), plumbing cabinets, and distribution cabinets for telephony wiring are designed.

Cabinets in art

The most famous is Gaev’s monologue from A. P. Chekhov’s play “The Cherry Orchard”:

Dear, dear closet! I greet your existence, which for more than a hundred years has been directed towards the bright ideals of goodness and justice; your silent call to fruitful work has not weakened for a hundred years, maintaining (through tears) in generations of our family vigor, faith in a better future and nurturing in us the ideals of goodness and social self-awareness

Fantasy wardrobes

In fantasy, magical wardrobes are properly used as a means of transport from one place to another.

• In The Chronicles of Narnia, one could get from our world to Narnia through the wardrobe.
• In Harry Potter, two closets formed something like a magical corridor. This device is called a disappearing cabinet.
• In John Crowley's novel Little, Big, Smokey, like the characters in The Chronicles of Narnia, ends up from the closet into the forest.

Biblioteca Vaticana: bookcase

see also

Notes

Wikimedia Foundation.

Synonyms

See what “Closet” is in other dictionaries: closet - closet/ …

Closet Morphemic-spelling dictionary - an independently installed, self-supporting structure designed to be placed within electronic equipment , which can be used alone or in combination with other cabinets installed in a row. The cabinet may or may not have... ...

Dictionary-reference book of terms of normative and technical documentation Noun, m., used. often Morphology: (no) what? closet, what? closet, (I see) what? wardrobe, what? closet, what about? about the closet and on the closet; pl. What? cabinets, (no) what? cabinets, what? cabinets, (I see) what? cabinets, what? cabinets, what about? about cabinets 1. A cabinet is called... ...

Dmitriev's Explanatory Dictionary And the wardrobe, the wardrobe, the sentence. in (on) a closet or closet, man. 1. A piece of furniture that is a container, a kind of standing tall box with doors for storing something. Bookshelf. Wardrobe. Wall cabinet (built into the wall). Fireproof... ...

Ushakov's Explanatory Dictionary

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Encyclopedic YouTube

✪ How to make a wardrobe with your own hands? Master class by Alexey Zemskov

✪ Why a wardrobe is better than a dressing room... Master class by Alexey Zemskov

✪ Assembly: wardrobe "MAESTRO"

Subtitles

Story The history of the closet in the usual way person XXI century sense began not so long ago - in the 17th-18th centuries. However, the wardrobe did not appear suddenly and not out of nowhere; to find its simple and convenient forms, man led a long path of evolution of household items, which he began when he had just learned to use the simplest tools for useful work

and hunting.

Prototypes The simplest and most natural prototype of a cabinet is a fairly voluminous recess in a relatively- wall or floor of a cave, in a tree (hollow); a place prepared by nature itself for storing various supplies and useful things. Having learned to process wood, man used the hollow part of a felled trunk as a ready-made storage facility. Later, he learned to hollow out the niche he needed for storage in the trunks. Even later, man learned to make boxes. When a person learned to attach a lid to a box, in fact, he received the first “cabinet”. Earliest evidence of domestic use wooden boxes with a lid was found in Egypt and dates back to the 3rd century BC. e.

From the developed civilizations of the East, presumably, the box with a lid was adopted and well mastered by the inhabitants of Ancient Greece and Rome, and subsequently passed it on to all other peoples of Europe. However, the Romans invented another type of “proto-cabinet” - “armarium” (from Lat. arma - weapon). As the name implies, initially this was a place for storing weapons in the house and this place, as connected with the secret of life and death, was sacred. Another sacred place where images of the patron gods of the hearth - lares and penates - were kept, especially revered by the Romans, was called “lararium” (lat. lararium). The lararium also resembles a “proto-cabinet”; it was either a niche in the wall, often with doors that opened during meals and celebrations, or a small cabinet imitating its shape as a temple. The lararia contained not only images of gods, but also other sacred objects, for example, tufts of hair cut during the initiation of young men into men or children's dolls of girls given in marriage.

Gradually, the “armarium” developed into a kind of cabinet in the form of shelves, usually located in a niche, sometimes with doors, for storing household belongings, handicrafts, parchment and papyrus scrolls and wax tablets. From the Latin "armarium" the modern Italian, Spanish and French words for "wardrobe" are derived - armario, armadio and armoire respectively, although for a long time were called that way mainly open cabinets for handwritten and later printed books. From the same word comes the name of a special niche or separate cabinet in the altar. Catholic churches- “almery”, where priests kept religious objects (bowls, bowls, saucers, trays, sacred oil and priestly vestments).

Middle Ages

Until the late Middle Ages, in addition to armaria in churches and monasteries, the function of storing temporarily unused household items - that is, in fact, the function of a closet - was performed by boxes with lids of various shapes and sizes. In Russia they received the name “lar”, from the Swedish (Varangian) word “larr”. After the Mongol invasion, they were more often called “chests” (from Turk. sandyk- box). It took hundreds of years for a roughly hewn box to acquire legs, handles at the ends, and reinforced metal corners and stripes on the body, lock, interiors and upholstery.

• From the credenza or in parallel with it, a special type of wardrobe developed in France - dressoir (fr. dressoir), on the second tier of which are located open shelves. Valuable sets of tableware and other items of pride for the owners were displayed on the shelves. The nobles were so eager to outdo each other with the contents of their dressing rooms that the king had to legally limit the number of shelves allowed to one person or another. Thus, according to status, a baron was entitled to two regiments, a count to three, and a duke to four regiments. Knowing well about this decree French king, the bride of the English king Henry VIII, Anne Boleyn, was given a dress with twelve shelves for her wedding. The dressing room, intended for displaying the most valuable dishes in the house, was decorated accordingly and was in itself a very expensive piece of furniture. With the reduction in the cost of glass production, dressoir turned into completely understandable to modern man slides, buffets and sideboards.

  From small chests designed for storage important documents, jewelry, rare books and writing instruments, another type of furniture developed - cabinets. These elegant cabinets and cabinets, which could be stacked or were made at once in tiers, with many drawers, appeared in Italy in the 16th century and were intended to store the most important thing in the life of a nobleman - correspondence. In the 17th century, European rulers made it a rule to install such offices in the rooms where they worked with correspondence. Of course, in such cases, no expense or engineering ingenuity was spared on jewelry, and often these were real jewelry. Their rulers were imitated by their subjects to the best of their ability:

  At this time, the cabinet-cabinet turned into a very intricate structure. It was often equipped with a folding or retractable writing board. The facades resembled beautiful buildings, they were decorated with columns, cornices and even balconies. Real paintings were made on the doors and drawers various materials. Cabinets made by furniture makers different countries, had their own characteristics. For example, Spanish craftsmen decorated the outer walls with slotted metal plates, under which colored velvet was glued, and the doors and drawers were inlaid with ivory. Florentine furniture makers loved to make cabinets from ebony and decorated them with gems. The boxes depicted three-dimensional flowers, birds and fruits. In German Augsburg, famous for its woodcarvers, rich carving was a mandatory attribute.

  Gradually, the name of such an expensive piece of furniture passed on to the name of the room in which it was located, and where the owners usually conducted their business life.

  New and Contemporary times

  The 18th century turned out to be the most fruitful for the history of furniture. It was at this time that the basic and familiar forms of furniture for a person of the 21st century took shape. In England under the French name wardrobe(from French words garde- "keep", robe- “clothing”), what later became the most popular type of wardrobe appeared - the wardrobe. Along with the wardrobe, they also invented the “hanger” hanger. In England they began to produce special bookcases with glass doors is also a very popular type of cabinet. In France, the famous court furniture maker of Louis XV, Andre-Charles Boulle, united Italian cassettetone still with the same chest, he made for his patron what later became called a chest of drawers and appeared in almost every home. Bureaus and secretaries became common, combining the functions of convenient lockers with a desk.

  Throughout the 19th century, the shapes of all cabinets sought the optimal combination of size, materials and functionality, becoming increasingly simpler to manufacture and relatively affordable. Families of middle and lower incomes began to acquire wardrobes. In the 19th century, the use of mirrors in closets became common.

  In the 20th century, sliding wardrobes became widespread, notable for the fact that their doors do not open wide, but to the side, thereby saving room space. According to some, the idea of ​​such cabinet doors came from Japan, where many homes interior walls- These are movable partitions. According to others, the idea belongs to Napoleon, who advised to hide the disorder in the barracks with the help of movable screens, and the residents of California in the 1950s, they say, just replaced the screen with a door on wheels. According to others, sliding wardrobes were invented by Italian designers in the 1950s, when they were developing so-called “social housing” for the poor.

  In 1926, a Danish engineer Christian Steenstrup introduced the world to a silent, harmless and durable refrigeration cabinet designed specifically for the home, opening a new page in the development of food storage cabinets. And in 1945, according to sources, a certain French designer Paul Cadovis presented a wardrobe model that combined the functions of a wardrobe, sideboard and bookcase at the same time - in Russia this model became extremely popular under the name “stenka”.

  • The cabinet consisted of two parts: in the lower part there were drawers, in the upper part there were shelves with doors. The shawls were installed on legs. The Shaf was no different from the “supplier and the Shaf.”

    A book keeper is a shelf or cabinet designed for storing books.

    The insides of the cabinets were upholstered with fabrics. The surfaces were painted to look like malachite or marble, and the top was inked in gloss (that is, varnished). The front part could be painted with flowers and fruits.

    Classification

    By location

    By door arrangement

    • With swing doors
    • With an accordion door
    • With roller shutter
    • With sliding doors. Used in wardrobes.

    By functional purpose

    According to GOST 20400-80 “Products furniture production. Terms and definitions", cabinets can be used for the following purposes:

    • Wardrobe(wardrobe, wardrobe, wardrobe) - a closet usually has a compartment with a rod for storing clothes on hangers, a compartment with shelves for clothes, may have drawers, mirrors both to reflect a person in full length and waist-length. They can also be equipped with tie holders, pull-out baskets, etc.
    • Linen closet(linen closet) - a closet for storing linen.
    • Cupboard- cabinet for storing dishes.
    • Bookcase(bookcase, library cabinet) - a cabinet for storing books.
    • Kitchen Cabinet- a cabinet for storing kitchen and household items.
    • Kitchen cabinet-table- a cabinet with a working surface for cooking.
    • Cabinet for sink- kitchen cabinet for installing a sink.
    • Wardrobe with showcase- a cabinet with glazed compartments for displaying various items.
    • Wardrobe partition- a cabinet for dividing the room into separate zones.
    • Wall cabinet- a cabinet for storing items for various purposes, hung on the wall.
    • Combined wardrobe- a cabinet with compartments and drawers for storing items for various purposes.
    • Secretaire- a cabinet with a folding door or a pull-out board for writing.
    • Sideboard- a cabinet for dishes and table linen, the upper plane of which is intended for serving work.
    • Cabinet- low height cabinet.
    • Dresser- a low-height closet with drawers for linen.
    • Toilet cabinet- a low-height cabinet with a mirror and containers for toiletries.
    • Bedding cabinet- a low-height wardrobe with a compartment for bedding.

    Materials and finishing

    The traditional material for making cabinets is wood. Over the entire history of the development of storage for temporarily unused household items (that is, cabinets), perhaps all types of wood have been tried as a material for manufacturing. In the Middle Ages, furniture was often made from fir, pear or apple, but oak was always preferred. The best furniture Since the 16th century they have been covered with ebony. Widely used in decoration Ivory, turtle shell, mother of pearl, gold, silver, forged elements. Inlays with gems and precious stones. Great importance had a varnish, the secret of which could be the main secret of the master. It sometimes took several years to produce a high-quality cabinet with carvings and finishing. Furniture of this class has been expensive for a long time (and even in the 21st century, cabinets remain a large-cost purchase).

    Gradually natural materials began to be replaced with synthetic or surrogate wood-based ones. Since World War II, more and more cabinets have been made from chipboard, MDF and plywood, which are then decorated with plastic veneer. The facades of modern cabinets are also decorated with other materials: glass (plain, frosted, colored, faceted, stacked, mirrored, etc.); leather, acrylic and others.

    When manufacturing cabinets, their purpose is taken into account. Modern technologies make it possible to produce durable and convenient cabinets for rooms with high humidity and other unfavorable conditions, for example, especially moisture-resistant chipboard is used for a bathroom or sauna. Much more often than before, metal is used for the manufacture of technical and some types of office cabinets.

    As before, the surfaces of modern cabinets can be varnished or polished.

    Making a cabinet does not require special qualifications. The average man can make the simplest wardrobe with his own hands in a home workshop. Despite this, the cabinet remains a favorite genre of furniture art, attracting world-class furniture designers with its complexity, variety and versatility.

    Cabinets for special purposes (specialized cabinets)

    Over the last century, under the influence of progress, the wardrobe as an object and as a concept began to be used in new areas of human activity, partially losing or changing its furniture function. Where wood is not suitable for operating conditions, other materials began to be used, in particular metal, glass (plexiglass).

    A further development of the display cabinet is an all-glass cabinet, possibly on a light metal frame. It is used as a showcase in shops, museums, and exhibitions.

    Metal cabinets have a number of remarkable properties, such as fire safety, resistance to the absorption of odors, thin walls compared to wood, significant strength and resistance to mechanical damage. This allows metal cabinets to be used in a variety of areas:

    • laboratory cabinets for storing various aggressive liquids, chemicals, gas cylinders
    • cabinets for workwear
    • gun cabinets (including safe)
    • tool cabinets and cabinets (cabinets for storing tools and accessories in factories, repair areas, etc.)
    • electrical cabinets for housing power electrical equipment and automation (for example, transformer cabinet)
    • mounting cabinets for housing communication equipment and servers

    A cabinet is also a recess or niche in the wall of a building, closed by a door. In this case, the wall of the cabinet is a brick or concrete wall of the building. This is how fireproof cabinets (with hydrants), plumbing cabinets, and distribution cabinets for telephony wiring are designed.

    Wardrobes in culture

    There are probably few special works devoted to the study of the closet in culture. They are difficult to find. However, the deep and comprehensive cultural connections of the closet in a specific socio-historical space are obvious. Despite its relative youth, the cabinet is firmly entrenched in culturally significant areas of knowledge and cognition at the most different languages peace. As the largest and even inevitable object of a typical interior, the wardrobe has penetrated into all visual arts - literature, poetry, drama, films, painting. The closet has acquired special significance in psychology. He is often called a symbol - that is, he received citizenship in philosophy. An episode from Gorky’s “The Bourgeois” is very indicative of many cultural reminiscences of the closet:

    Peter: In the evenings in our house it’s somehow especially... cramped and gloomy. All these antediluvian things seem to grow, become even larger, heavier... and, displacing air, they interfere with breathing. (He knocks on the closet with his hand.) This closet has been standing in one place for eighteen years... eighteen years... They say that life moves quickly forward, but it hasn’t moved this closet an inch... Little me more than once smashed my forehead against its stronghold... and now for some reason he is bothering me. Stupid thing... Not a cabinet, but some kind of symbol... damn it!

    It is for children that the closet becomes the first, “who is larger than even dad”, its durability amazes the imagination, its contents keep some kind of secret, it seems to children that the living closet is “simply silent with dignity.” - Children grow up and get old, but these childhood impressions are not erased and pass into culture.

    This is confirmed by the world-famous reminiscences of the wardrobe in the books “The Chronicles of Narnia”, where through a wonderful wardrobe children found themselves in the fairy-tale country of Narnia; as in the no less famous series of books “Harry Potter”, in which two wardrobes formed something like a magical corridor (the “Vanishing Wardrobe” attraction); in John Crowley’s novel “Little, Big,” the hero, like the heroes of “The Chronicles of Narnia,” ends up in the forest, also from a closet. The motif “the closet is the door to amazing world“We must take it for granted; already in the 19th century, in the fairy tale “The Nutcracker,” it was used by E. A. Goffman:

    He offered his hand to Marie, and they stepped onto the threshold of the wardrobe. The Nutcracker pulled the sleeve of his father's fox fur coat, shaggy and fluffy, like a Christmas tree, and a light cedar ladder immediately descended from there. A moment later, Marie found herself in a meadow sparkling with multi-colored stones.

    Gaev’s monologue from A. P. Chekhov’s play “The Cherry Orchard” is also very well known among Russian audiences:

    Dear, dear closet! I greet your existence, which for more than a hundred years has been directed towards the bright ideals of goodness and justice; your silent call to fruitful work has not weakened for a hundred years, maintaining (through tears) in generations of our family vigor, faith in a better future and nurturing in us the ideals of goodness and social self-awareness.

    They claim that Chekhov put into Gaev’s mouth an appeal to his own wardrobe - “a magnificent wardrobe-supplier of Pavlov’s work”, which had been with him, we note, since childhood, and which he took from his parents’ house and carried with him wherever he moved, right up to to the final refuge in Yalta.

    One of the earliest memories of psychoanalysis founder Sigmund Freud from his childhood involves his older brother, his mother, and a closet. Later, Freud would confidently classify the closet as a “universal symbol of the female genital organs” and teach psychologists to decipher dreams in which the patient dreamed of any manipulations with the closet. You can often find non-scientific arguments about dreams, which, however, developed directly from Freud’s famous teachings about the subconscious, for example, the following:

    The closet is a symbol of a woman, and sometimes a symbol of her genitals. If there are a lot of good, neatly folded things in the closet, then the woman is healthy and has a high sexual temperament. If the closet is empty, then it is quite possible that the woman is frigid. If the closet is broken, it means that the woman is suffering from some kind of disease, not necessarily related to her genital area. At the same time, if the drawers or door of the closet are broken, then it is her genitals that are not in order. If a woman dreams that she is looking for something in the closet, then she is worried own health. If a man dreams that he is rummaging through his closet, it means he does not receive sexual satisfaction. Opening a closet means for a man a desire for sex, for a woman it means a desire for same-sex relationships. If you dreamed of a closet with open doors, it means that the dreamer is not left with resentment towards his partner for his past intimate relationships. Repairing a closet, including painting it, indicates that the dreamer is uncontrollably jealous. If you have trouble opening your closet because, for example, you lost your keys, your relationship with your partner will be seriously damaged. Most probable cause This could be a problem in the sexual sphere. If you dream of an overturned wardrobe, it means that the dreamer is dreaming of anal sex. A three-door wardrobe can speak of the dreamer’s bisexuality and even his desire to change his gender.

I wonder what the world's first wardrobe looked like and who invented it?

It is believed that the ancestor of the first cabinet was a chest placed vertically. In this position it was easier to find and get things out. Later, such a cabinet was equipped with several shelves.

In the 13th century, cabinets looked like small houses- they had gable roof, cornice and columns on both sides. Keeping things in closets was the prerogative of rich people. For example, in medieval France there was a special decree regulating the number of shelves in cupboard. A baron was allowed to have a dress with two regiments, a count with three, and a duke with four. When the French princess Anne became the wife of the English king Henry VIII, she received a dress with twelve regiments as a gift.

The oldest bookshelf- of ancient Roman origin. His image was found on a grave monument. Its doors are open, and papyrus scrolls are visible on the shelves. In the Middle Ages, expensive parchment books were kept mainly in chests, like jewelry, and only household books were trusted in cabinets. The first cabinet with glass doors, created specifically for books, appeared in England in early XVIII century. In the 17th century, cabinets with numerous drawers for papers and writing materials appeared; they were called “cabinets.” In the same 17th century, secretaries appeared. At that time, cabinets were made by craftsmen from valuable types of wood, decorated with ivory, tortoiseshell plates, and precious metals. Sometimes the work of creating a wardrobe for a noble nobleman took more than one year and was very expensive. These pieces of furniture were not just interior decoration, but real value. The cabinets were also equipped with ingenious locking systems and served as safes.

The storage cabinet began to be called "wardrobe"; (from the French words: "garde" - "to store" and "robe" - "clothing"). The wardrobes acquired a modern configuration - behind one closet door there were shelves for things, behind the other there was a round crossbar with hangers for dresses, suits, and coats. Depending on the fashion, the cabinets either shone with the splendor of their external decoration, or became strict and restrained.

In the twentieth century, when people began to live in small apartment buildings and there was a need to fit several cabinets for various purposes into small space, appeared wall cabinet. The idea of ​​a wall cabinet was first implemented by the Frenchman Paul Cadovis in 1945. Now it is perhaps the most common type of furniture.

Another modern version of the cabinet - closet- According to various assumptions, she was born in France, Italy or the USA. The prototype of the wardrobe was created during the time of Napoleon Bonaparte - officers French army they stored their uniforms behind special sliding screens. The Italians introduced a system of sliding doors in modern life, equipping them with mass housing. And American inventors improved the mechanism and began to use a door with wheels instead of a screen. Since then, the wardrobe door began to open not towards itself, but to the side. Over the past century, the roller mechanism has been improved, the materials and design of cabinets have changed, and new modules for internal filling have appeared. In Russia, sliding wardrobes began to appear in the 90s of the twentieth century, and we gave them a name by analogy with the system of sliding doors on a train.

Nowadays, a closet is an integral and organic part of any room. Comfortable, stylish and functional wardrobes have become a part of our lives and have been placed in the interiors of our homes for a long time.

Any of the existing wardrobes in the world: wardrobe, wardrobe, wall, hallway can be found or ordered in a store "Finist at NIIZhT" , looking into

I like

Sliding wardrobes are the result of the evolution of numerous types of furniture production and in modern interior they have become an almost integral part of it due to their ergonomics and variety of design.

Sliding wardrobes have a design that allows you to free up living space due to sliding doors. The cabinet doors move on specialized rollers, that is, they are not hinged, but retractable. The main difference between a sliding wardrobe and a conventional wardrobe is the system sliding doors.

A sliding door system may include a door profile (a steel or aluminum frame that frames the door leaf around the perimeter and gives it rigidity), a track (rails) and rollers. Together, these elements form the sliding wardrobe mechanism, the quality of which determines the smooth movement of the doors and the service life of the final product.

In addition, all the rollers or stops necessary for the door to move can be attached to door leaf from natural wood or other materials without a metal frame of the canvas.

One of the main materials for the manufacture of sliding wardrobes is laminated chipboard, which has a wide variety color range: From simple solid colors to chic glossy ones. When making a custom-made wardrobe, the buyer himself sets the necessary parameters. Accordingly, the size and shape of the product corresponds as much as possible to its location. Variety of profile options, possibility of manufacturing combined and radius doors allow us to create furniture that meets the requirements of the most demanding customers.

Purpose

The purpose of the wardrobe besides trivial placement large quantity things is to freely use space before closet. After all, now it is not needed to open doors.

The simplest wardrobe always consisted of two or three doors, a box, sometimes built into a wall niche, sliding mechanism. This design was brought to Russia in the early 90s and is revered for its ease of use and manufacture.

Today, a wardrobe can combine various design elements - open shelves, units with hinged cabinets and even built-in desks or beds. Furniture is designed based on the size of the room, its functional load and general style interior The last factor is inextricably linked with the choice of materials for exterior finishing. A variety of colors and textures allows you to select options that meet not only personal taste, but also the latest trends in furniture fashion.

Classification

Sliding wardrobes are a very broad concept, but more specifically, sliding wardrobes come in two types of design:

Direct, or “ordinary”, with doors in one line. Two or more cabinets can be installed at an angle to each other or docked with corner cabinet(a special type of cabinet for installation in the corner of a room).

Radial- This separate species sliding wardrobes, which means that curved doors move, unlike straight ones, along radius guides. divided into different types: combined, concave, curved, asymmetrical, round, oval. Sometimes classified as a separate line of sliding wardrobes.

Any of the above types can be built-in or enclosed.

Built-in cabinets do not have a side or back wall, bottom, ceiling in any combination. Built-in wardrobes have a slightly larger useful volume due to the elimination of part of the structure. The visual absence of unnecessary body parts often contributes to interesting design solutions.

Hull cabinets have a full-fledged single or modular design, consisting of side and rear walls, ceiling, floor, partitions, drawers and sliding doors. Such a cabinet can be quickly moved to another place.

WITH technical point In terms of view, all sliding door systems can still be divided into two groups - doors supported on lower tracks and doors suspended on the upper track.

Additional Information

When planning a new closet, you shouldn't rush. It is necessary to understand for what purposes it is needed. Based on this, you can determine the type of internal filling of the cabinet. For example, if you need a bookcase in which a transparent door and several rows with horizontal shelves are desired, then it is unlikely that hangers and laundry baskets will look good in it. If the wardrobe is supposed to be installed in the nursery, then it would be useful to pay attention to the surface of the doors. By choosing an easy-to-clean, scratch-resistant finish, you will extend the life of your cabinet.

The wardrobe is equipped sliding doors. Hence the name. This closet is suitable for any type of room; you can use it to store anything - be it documents, outerwear or shoes.

The cabinet can be made as a free-standing object, or integrated into the structure of the house. If this is a separate object, then it will also need a body - side walls, floor and roof. The body is often made from chipboard, which is cheaper, and less often from MDF or solid wood.

These materials can have different finishes. For chipboard, melamine or laminate is more often used, and the ends of the panels are covered with PVC edging. For MDF, natural wood veneer can also be used, and the ends can be covered with wood edging.

Main distinctive feature wardrobe - in the design of the doors.
The door leaf in the most budget option can be made from the same chipboard covered with lamination.

The greatest demand is for sliding wardrobes, the doors of which have a mirror-like coating. In most cases, this is preferable from the point of view of room design - the space expands. In addition, it is very convenient. Manufacturers often become sophisticated in engraving and tinting mirrors, creating original designs. For the manufacture of doors, colored glass, MDF, plastic, and metal are also used.

The door leaf of sliding wardrobes is inserted into a frame, which can be aluminum or steel. Aluminum is preferable here, despite the fact that it is more expensive, since it has a longer service life - up to 25 years, versus seven years for steel. The frame itself can be covered with colored film, varnish and paint or veneer.

Doors are installed on a sliding or rolling system. Most often, sliding wardrobes are equipped with a bottom (floor) rolling system. In this case, the door frame at the bottom is equipped with rollers on bearings, and metal guides are installed on the floor of the cabinet or on the floor of the room, along which the rollers roll.


But the door can be hung in the literal sense of the word. Then the lower guide is absent, and the door is equipped with a system of upper rollers, which are inserted into the upper guide of the entire structure.

In any case, the door opening system ensures that one door slides behind another or behind a fixed cabinet wall.

IN Lately Sliding wardrobes have become widespread, having two compartments that are joined at right angles. It is convenient to place such a cabinet in the corner of the room, while inner space rooms will be saved significantly. In this design, the door goes behind the perpendicular section.

The sliding wardrobe inside can be equipped at the customer's request. The simplest and cheapest way is with standard shelves made of laminated chipboard in one compartment and hangers for clothes in the other. But more expensive ones can also be used pull-out shelves and metal honeycomb baskets, similar to a construction set that can be rearranged and assembled at your own discretion. It includes various consoles, shelves, sections on casters and without them...