Make a car trailer yourself drawing. Making a homemade trailer with your own hands

If a person’s car does not accommodate large cargo inside the cabin or does not want to dirty it with dirty things, then you should think about using a trailer that will easily relieve your task.

The cost of such a unit is at least half a thousand dollars. Not everyone will have the desire to buy an addition to their car, even if it will be used constantly, so you might want to think about the idea of ​​how you can make a trailer yourself.

Trailers are divided into two types - ordinary and specialized, in which cargo of certain volumes and sizes can be transferred.

In the first case, everything is clear - everyone uses it without exception, while the second is usually used in industry or business.

This article will only consider a conventional trailer for universal use.

Conventional trailers can be either on one axle or on two. Accordingly, they have two or more than two wheels. It is important to know that a biaxial trailer allows you to transport larger loads and also removes a significant part of the load from the rear of the car. In addition, the car’s power is not lost, as if a weak trailer was used.

Instructions on how to make a trailer

The first step, as always, is to think about designing the trailer. For this it is important to create detailed drawing, as well as a plan for assembling parts.

You shouldn’t think that you can do it by eye, as the slightest miscalculation will lead to the trailer being impossible to use.

Required minimum materials

• Square tube and channel
• Steel sheets for cladding
• Metal sheet for the bottom
• Chassis
• Several wheels
• Suspension and braking system
• Waterproof fabric
• Towbar
• Electrical equipment
• Corner Mounts and Brackets
• Grinder, screwdriver and other tools
• Welding

Trailer construction

Once you have all the components at your fingertips, you can begin building your first trailer. The first step is to make the frame - the base of the trailer, which should be the most durable product of the entire structure.

You can ask a welder you know or specialists to weld this structure for you if you don’t know how to do it yourself. Check the weld seams carefully, as they must be strong and not break.

The next step is to weld the ribs to the frame, which should be across the trailer. Brackets are installed along the edges that will hold the shock absorbers.

You can look at the types and sizes of DIY trailers to have a better idea of ​​what is written here.

Prepare two channels that will be the connecting part so that it does not turn out to be too long, otherwise you may lose the maneuverability of the trailer when moving.

The channel is welded along the bottom of the frame along its entire length. To increase reliability, it is recommended to weld it together with other parts of the frame using metal triangles.

It is better to purchase the clutch mechanism ready-made in the store - this will simplify not only your work, but also the process of registering the trailer. The axial part of the “walker” should not be exactly in the middle of the frame, but slightly shifted towards the end of the trailer.

When step by step production The trailer parts are ready, you can move on to the chassis. Now a passive braking system is installed, which will be very useful on the descent.

The next step is to equip the sides of the trailer and its bottom. Use secure bolts to secure metal sheets. Complete the fastening with corners.

The tailgate must be equipped with reflectors, a license plate frame and all the necessary lights. Orange reflectors are installed on the sides, and orange and white on the front.

The trailer is now completely finished. If you allocate moderate time for production, it will take about three to four days. Don't forget to go through the mandatory registration process for your brand new trailer.

Using these instructions and advice you can do without drawings with diagrams of how to make a trailer. Also, for this it is not at all necessary to have any special skills. All that is required for this is a head and hands, as well as materials with tools. There is no need to rush, but it is important to do everything carefully and consider every detail.

A small trailer can be used if you have a category B license, however, if you do not have a category E license, your trailer must weigh less than 750kg. You should not load the trailer to its full capacity, even to its maximum load capacity, as the structure may not withstand movement and it will simply break.

If you are still thinking about the design of a trailer, then you can look at photos of trailers made by yourself and choose something for yourself.

DIY trailer photos

A trailer is an indispensable means of transporting any cargo, thanks to which the driver does not have to dirty the car interior or scratch the trunk. The cost of the most basic trailer is about $400. However, if you need to transport furniture, building materials or other cargo, and at the same time save a decent amount, you can make a trailer yourself.

There are several types of trailers - universal and special trailers used for transporting certain goods. The second type is used only in industry or business. We will look at the instructions for making a general purpose trailer.

It is worth noting that universal transport cargo vehicles are single-axle and multi-axle. They differ in the number of wheels: in the first case there are two, and in the second - from two. If you do not plan to transport too heavy loads, you can build a single-axle or two axle trailer for a passenger car. Remember, wheels on two axles reduce the load on the rear of your car. Therefore, the power car engine doesn't get lost. In addition, a dual axle trailer has greater load capacity and stability.

Homemade trailer for a car with your own hands

Below is a description of the manufacture of a single-axle trailer, for the use of which a category “B” license is sufficient.

Before production, you need to make at least an approximate drawing future creation, because doing everything “by eye” is extremely risky.

List of tools and components:

• channel 25x50 millimeters and square tube 40x40 millimeters;
• steel sheets for cladding with a thickness of at least 0.6 millimeters;
• a thick sheet of metal or plastic for the bottom of the trailer;
• chassis, which can be used as the front axle of a SZD motorcycle sidecar;
• a pair of wheels;
• suspension, which, for example, can be built from the shock absorbers of a Ural motorcycle;
• brake system;
• waterproof fabric for trailer cover;
• a device for connecting a car with a trailer - a towbar;
• reflectors, turn signals and other similar electrical equipment;
• brackets and corners for connecting all parts together;
• range of cutting and processing tools metal products- grinder, screwdriver, etc.);
• machine for welding parts.

Having all the necessary tools and parts, you can start making a passenger trailer with your own hands.

At this stage, the production of the trailer is completed. On average, all work will take you three days.

Once manufactured, you must register the vehicle. Sequence of procedure:

1. Collect the necessary documents: the result of an independent examination of the vehicle research institute, a MREO document confirming the absence of a license plate, a coupling mechanism document, a photocopy of the passport of a citizen of the Russian Federation, a photocopy of the technical passport of your car.
2. Next you need to contact official MREO with a request to inspect the technical condition of the manufactured trailer and issue an identification number.

It is worth noting that independent examination services are paid, and the amount is quite large. Almost all of the money saved will have to be spent on appraisals.

If you do not plan to drive a trailer in an urban area, you do not have to register the vehicle, but you will have to make a cargo trailer according to established standards for your own safety.

Build trailers for passenger cars with your own hands exclusively in accordance with GOST 37.001.220-80, otherwise the means of transporting goods simply will not pass registration, and you will only waste your time and effort.

1. Do not cook trailers heavier than 750 kilograms if your driving category is less than “E”. Otherwise, you will not be able to use the manufactured trailer.
2. If you need to transport bulk mixture, liquid or other specific cargo, we recommend using trailers special purpose. As a rule, they are made to order.
3. Do not load your homemade trailer to the limit of its carrying capacity to avoid unpleasant situations on the road. Welding seams may not withstand the load if made by an amateur welder. High-quality seams can withstand up to a ton of weight.
4. Spare no expense in purchasing a mechanism for attaching the trailer to the vehicle. A homemade coupling mechanism not made according to the standard may cause the MREO to refuse to register the vehicle. Also remember about the safety cables, which insure the entire structure in the event of a mechanism failure.

A trailer is a vehicle that does not have an engine installed. It is designed to travel in conjunction with a car. Despite the apparent complexity of such a device for transporting goods, it is not difficult to make a trailer with your own hands. For successful work you need to select the right parts and materials, make sketches or drawings.

Transport trailers

The widespread use of semi-trailers and trailers is due to the additional convenience when transporting heavy loads. The vehicle bears only part of the load, which makes it longer service life. When unloading, you can save valuable time by unhooking the cart and leaving it in place, and unloading it at a convenient time. This option is convenient and is used for delivering goods between workshops of the same enterprise located at a certain distance.

All towed devices are divided into two groups:

• Special-purpose trailers allow you to take into account the needs of working with various loads, but there are quite a few universal vehicles for such work. Common types include heavy-duty semi-trailers, log trucks, panel trucks, cement trucks and other types of trailed equipment.
• General transport equipment includes flatbed, tilt and other trailers of various sizes designed for transporting heavy loads of any kind.

Varieties depending on load distribution

In the designs of trailed equipment they use different systems rotary-wheel control in order to improve the maneuverability and speed of regulation of the road train. Hitches are standard in most cases. If the trailer has an active wheel drive from the car engine, then such carriages are called active automobile trains.

To drive such an active drive, a mechanical transmission is used via a coupling device or a hydraulic drive is used.

If the road train has two or more links, then the engine is located in the section at the rear. Unofficially, there is the concept of “trailer”; it is used to move cars, other equipment or oversized cargo (long or heavy).

Depending on the load distribution between the trailer and the tractor, trailers are divided into several types:

Requirements for transport devices

A person who wants to independently make a transport cart for moving goods should study the requirements for car trailers. These standards are contained in GOST 37.001.220−1980, which is called “Trailers for passenger cars.” A selection of these requirements includes the following provisions:

Features of using carts

Car trailers are used only in accordance with their intended purpose, as this is due to similar tires and wheels with the main vehicle, track width, and travel within certain ground clearance dimensions. The rule does not apply to heavy trucks and trailers. All breakdowns that occur during operation are similar to malfunctions brake system and the chassis of the main machine.

In addition, the operation of the trailer is impaired due to damage to the coupling or wear of the turning device.

To delay the repair of these systems, you need to regularly inspect the trailer. Since the operation of the device is associated with constant shaking and shock due to uneven traffic on roads, it is necessary to tighten the fasteners from time to time and align the curved parts. Before operation, you need to check the serviceability of springs, brakes, lighting, tire pressure, the presence of a spare wheel, and the serviceability of side and body locks.

Towing of carts is carried out according to the rules; speeding is unacceptable, as well as sudden braking and unequal distribution of the load. Increasing the speed while driving will cause the trailer to wobble on the sides. Sharp braking causes the car and trailer to fold, this is also facilitated by engine braking. Due to uneven storage of transported materials, stability is impaired and the trailer may tip over.

DIY making

In order to make a caravan yourself, you need to take care of purchasing some materials and tools. In order not to look for the necessary devices during work, they are purchased in advance. List of tools and materials:

Beginning of work

Assembly begins with the trailer frame, which is load-bearing structure. It bears the bulk of the weight of the cargo. It is subject to increased requirements for reliability and strength. Prepared channel or square pipe cut to size according to the drawing, two long and two short blanks are made.

They are used to make a rectangular or square base in the form of a frame, to which sides from a metal sheet will subsequently be attached. Pay attention to the quality of welding, since this is a sore spot for homemade trailers. The hitch is attached in front of the manufactured frame. To install shock absorbers, special eyes are placed in the middle of the frame.

Now it's time to make the side frame. To fasten the side railing, strengthen vertical racks, their length depends on the height of the side. The vertical elements are connected to each other by additional stiffening ribs, since during movement it is the racks that experience the load from the displacement of the load. Additional strengthening connections are made horizontal, vertical or placed obliquely.

Working with the chassis of a trailer involves a large number difficulties and different features. One of them is that the axle should be located closer to the rear of the trailer. All design features arise depending on which vehicle chassis is used for the trailer. Shock-absorbing lugs and fastenings for jet thrust. Installation and use of the latter are mandatory, since they play the role of elements supporting the bridge.

Final phase

Sheathing the sides with metal and making the bottom of the trailer from plywood is done at the final stage of assembly. For cutting plywood to size internal space use a jigsaw, and cut sheet steel with a grinder. The bottom elements can be made from a single sheet or connected from pieces with an overlap of at least 5 cm. All pieces must be attached around the perimeter to the frame and base elements using bolted connections.

The sides are cut to dimensions that are measured on site. At this stage, it is not relevant to use the dimensions from the drawings, since during the manufacturing process the dimensions of the body frame, as a rule, differ slightly from those provided in the diagrams. Welding or rivets are used as fastening, which also hold the material well. The sides are attached to all racks and strengthening connections.

Electrical equipment

Elements of electrical equipment are installed on back wall trailer These include red triangular reflectors, a reversing light, license plate lights, turn signals, brake lights, and side lights. On the wall in the front there are dimensions white and the same reflectors.

The side walls are designed for orange reflectors. To ensure that the wires maintain their integrity, a protective corrugation is put on them. Wire connections must be secure and well secured. It is convenient to attach the corrugation with wiring inside to the frame frame using plastic clamps.

Making a car trailer requires skill and experience working with electric tools, but this will save money compared to buying a ready-made vehicle in a store.

Sometimes the trunk capacity of a passenger car is not roomy enough for many motorists, especially if transportation is required large cargo. A trailer is best suited to solve this problem.

Homemade trailers for cars

There are two types of trailers, manufactured by a specialized factory or home-made:

• Factory trailers do not require additional permits for their registration and registration. But at the same time, factory trailers do not always satisfy car enthusiasts with their technical characteristics, and if they do, then their price is prohibitively high. And the quality of the trailers themselves is not up to par high level, which requires additional investments after purchase to eliminate factory defects.
• A homemade trailer is a structure that a car enthusiast assembles according to his own drawing from a material that makes it obsolete in quality, while adhering to GOST standards for its assembly. As for the registration aspects of such a product, they are much more expensive than when registering a factory one, since additional permits are required for operation homemade trailer.

If we look at it from an economic point of view, the cost of a homemade trailer, taking into account all registration costs, is significantly lower than buying a new one.

It is also worth considering that a homemade trailer will be of much higher quality than a factory one, if only because the entire manufacturing process will be controlled by the car enthusiast himself.

Set of tools and materials

The first thing you need to make your own trailer is a drawing.

It is also worth noting that the drawing must correspond GOST standards 37.001.220-80.

This standard specifies all the requirements that are necessary in order to obtain permission to operate a trailer and its further registration in the Interdistrict Registration and Examination Department.

In addition to the drawing, the following materials will be required to make a homemade trailer.

• Profile pipe 40x40 millimeters for the construction of a trailer frame. You can use a pipe bigger size, but it is worth considering that this will entail an increase in the mass of the structure.
• For the sides it is recommended to use steel sheets with a thickness of at least 0.6 millimeters, but not more than 1 mm, as this can also lead to an unnecessary increase in the weight of the sight.
• For the bottom of the trailer, you can use OSB sheets or polycarbonate. The amount of material is calculated from the bottom area of ​​the trailer.
• Metal beam 80x5 mm for the trailer axle.
• Hub for wheel mounting, will fit perfectly with the rear beam of the VAZ 2108.
• Two VAZ wheels with a diameter of R 13, R14 optional.
• Two shock absorbers from a Ural motorcycle.
• Two car shock absorber springs, can be used building from VAZ 2101 or ZAZ 969.
• Two-core braided wire for electrical wiring, approximately 10 meters.
• Side lights with stops and turns.
• Thick-walled metal pipe at least three meters long. D For the manufacture of a towing element.
• Towbar lock.
• Male-male connector for connecting the on-board network from the car.

To make a homemade trailer you will also need the following tools:

• Welding machine - preferably semi-automatic, but you can also use a regular arc one.
• Grinder and wheels for cutting metal.
• Drill and drill bits on metal.
• Roulette and hammer.
• Screwdrivers, wire cutters.

After all necessary tool and the material will be purchased, you can proceed directly to the assembly process itself without deviating from the dimensions indicated in the drawing.

DIY assembly

Materials for trailer assembly are cut according to the dimensions indicated in the drawing.

Assembling a homemade trailer consists of the following steps:

The trailer wiring is laid according to the same principle as in a car: the negative wire is attached to its frame (ground), and the positive wire is attached to the contact of the lighting fixture.

How to register a homemade trailer for a car?

To register with MREO A technical passport and product number are required.

Of course, a homemade trailer cannot have either the first or the second.

Therefore, in order to register a homemade trailer for it, it is necessary to provide documents that confirm that this product complies with GOST standards and is safe for use on roads common use.

In order to obtain a document on the safety of a homemade trailer, you need to contact an accredited testing laboratory. After conducting a series of tests, laboratory staff will issue (if the tests are successful) a certificate of the ability to safely use the trailer on public roads. With this document you can go to the MREO and legally register the trailer.

Also, do not forget that you will have to contact the office that deals with printing numbers on vehicles and only after the number is stamped on the trailer frame can you begin the process of registering it.

Registering a trailer

In order to register a homemade trailer, you will need the following documents:

• Statement to the head of the MREO for trailer registration.
• Identification.
• Registration certificate vehicle.
• Laboratory certificate authorizing the use of a trailer on public roads (for homemade trailers).
• Documents confirming ownership of the registered trailer(power of attorney, certificate of account).
• Receipts indicating payment of state duty and for the services of MREO.
• Registered trailer or technical inspection report.
• OSAGO insurance policy.

The trailer registration process consists of the following stages:

1. Writing an application. Having arrived at the MREO, you need to write an application addressed to the boss about registering the trailer. As a rule, a writing sample is issued along with the application form.
2. Payment for services and state fees. After writing the application, the person is given a bank account where it is necessary to pay the state duty, MREO services and for materials (registration certificate, license plates).
3. Submission of documents. After payment of the state duty and service receipts has been made along with necessary documents and submit your application to the registration window. Afterwards, you can go to the site and wait for the inspector who will inspect the trailer (if there is no inspection report).

It should be remembered that if the trailer was purchased new, then 10 days from the date of purchase are allotted for its registration. If the trailer is not registered within the specified period, the owner will have to pay a fine.

OSAGO for trailer

Oddly enough, you also need to purchase an insurance policy for the trailer. But, according to the law on compulsory motor liability insurance parts 2 and 3, not everyone is required to take out an insurance policy. Private owners of trailers for passenger cars who used them for personal purposes have the right not to purchase an insurance policy.

As for the list of trailers for which the purchase of an insurance policy is mandatory, it includes the following vehicles:

• Trailers for passenger cars of legal entities.
• Trailers for trucks and tractors.
• Trailers for buses.
• Trailers for motorcycles and scooters.

In order to issue an MTPL insurance policy, the trailer must undergo a technical inspection. Otherwise, the policy will be denied.

Almost every family has a car. Since people are interested in gardening and construction, the need for cargo delivery arises regularly. You say that the car has a trunk. But the thing is that it is not suitable for carrying heavy things. It’s easy to get out of the situation; you need to call the company that deals with cargo transportation and place an order. But not all car owners want to spend money on their services. There is an exit! Buy a trailer. You don’t have to buy it, because you can easily make this useful thing with his own hand.

Is it profitable to make a trailer?

Of course it's profitable! If you are comfortable with tools and have the skills to work with welding and spare parts, then do it yourself. Assembling the trailer will not take much time; no expensive tools or materials are required for the work.

You'll save money because you won't have to spend money on a factory trailer.

How to make a trailer for a light car?

• First, buy everything you need. You will need sheet steel, from which you will make the body. Buy the chassis and wheels; you need steel channels. In addition, the trailer will need aluminum pipes and fasteners High Quality. To weld the body you need welding machine. If you know how to work with it, weld the sheets.

• Determine the desired dimensions of the trailer and make a drawing, this will help you during assembly. It’s very good if you have stocks of old parts in your garage; they will be needed in your work. For example, take the connecting elements of the sides from the tractor, and knock down the sides themselves from the lining. Make the frame from steel pipe, it is enough to buy a product with a diameter of 40 mm. pipe a little smaller diameter adjust for traction. Buy three pieces, two you will use for longitudinal rods, and one for transverse rods. Don't forget to purchase a pipe for the bridge beam.
• Install tubeless wheels; shock absorbers from the old Ural will come in handy. In the store you need to buy a device designed to grip the tow bar and a safety chain.

What to pay attention to

You need to start by assembling the frame. You probably hope that your homemade trailer will serve you for a long time. Remember that service life directly depends on the strength of the frame. An important factor is rigidity. To assemble the structure, use welding, this guarantees a reliable connection.

Once you clarify the dimensions of the trailer, try to assemble the frame. Lay out the elements on a flat floor, assemble the structure, fastening it with temporary clamps. Pay attention to the components of the frame, place them perpendicularly. Take a tape measure and measure the diagonals. The values ​​must be the same, the discrepancy should not exceed 3%. If the discrepancy is greater, then it is worth reassembling the frame.

Since a rectangle is not the most reliable design, strengthen the trailer with an additional stiffening rib.

How to connect a trailer to a car?

You will need to purchase a trailer hitch for your car. When assembling the coupling part, pay attention to the length. The shorter it is, the easier it is to control the trailer. The easiest way is to make the coupling part from 1.5 to 2.5 m long.

Do not make the coupling part short, because the trailer will react even to a slight turn of the wheels, this will cause the load to fall.

Make the towbar from a pipe square shape. Take a welding machine and weld three pipes. Place the middle of the connection point along the tow axle. Weld a metal corner to the assembly, so the structure will become even more reliable.

Then proceed to install the safety rope. If you don't have one, use a chain instead. Select the length so that the chain does not touch the road when driving.

Install the connection coupling; use bolts or welding for fastening. Welding is considered a reliable method of fastening.

Are you going to do the fastening with bolts? Install no more than two. If you do more, drilling holes in the mounting points will weaken the frame.

Axle installation and side mounting

Turn the frame over and place it on two blocks. Measure the length of the trailer, multiply the value by 40%. Place the resulting distance on the rear side of the trailer; this is where the axle should be located. Remove paint from frame before installation. Measure the distance between the bushings, divide in half and make a mark on the axle.

Connect parts of the structure spot welding. Install a spring-shock suspension on the trailer; it will ensure a smooth ride.

Install stabilization jacks on the inside of the frame; they will hold the trailer in a horizontal position. Make the side walls of the trailer from clapboard, or use metal sheets.

First, the flooring is made from boards. Use bolts for fastening, then install the clapboard box. Secure the corners of the box with metal corners, so the structure will become even stronger. Cover the sides with metal; on such a trailer you can easily transport bulk cargo.

Bottom line

The trailer is easy to assemble and will increase the vehicle's potential. You will transport cargo, the trunk and interior of the car will not be damaged. Car owners install a braking system on the trailer and install lighting. Entrust their installation to specialists; to do this, contact the service center.