Writer Charushin biography for children. Biography of Evgeniy Ivanovich Charushin
Biography and episodes of life Evgenia Charushina. When born and died Charushin, memorable places and dates of important events of his life. Quotes from an artist, illustrator, writer, Photo and video.
Years of life of Evgeny Charushin:
born October 29, 1901, died February 18, 1965
Epitaph
Beautiful, bright, kind world
You opened it to us and gave it to us.
We keep you in our hearts,
Be happy there in heaven.
Biography
Since childhood, he was surrounded by wildlife - his parents' house with a huge garden, a home zoo with piglets, rabbits, chickens and birds, which the Charushins cured and nursed. It is clear that in such a house and in such a family - his father was a famous architect - only an amazing and talented person could grow up. Which is what Evgeny Charushin was, one of the best animal artists and children's writers.
The biography of Evgeny Charushin has always been connected with the world of fine arts. The artist recalled how, as a child, while listening to fairy tales, he held a pencil in his hand and drew the plots that came to his mind. He grew up as a kind, sympathetic, animal-loving boy, and even when he grew into a talented children's writer and artist, he was able to maintain his clear, kind view of the world throughout his life. Immediately after school, Evgeniy was drafted into the army and continued painting there, working as an assistant decorator in the political department. When he returned, he immediately decided to become a professional artist. And he left for St. Petersburg to fulfill his cherished dream - to study at the Academy of Arts. Having finished it, the young artist brought his drawings to the Children’s Department of the State Publishing House, where the head of it, the famous artist Vladimir Lebedev, immediately recognized Charushin’s great talent. The first story that Charushin illustrated was Vitaly Bianki’s story “Murzuk” - a drawing from this book is now owned by the Tretyakov Gallery.
An important milestone in Charushin’s biography was his acquaintance with Samuil Yakovlevich Marshak, who convinced the artist that he should start writing himself. This turned out to be not an easy task, but Charushin continued to work hard and even before the war he had already published dozens of his books, while continuing to illustrate other children's writers - Vitaly Bianchi, Mikhail Prishvin, Samuil Marshak. Marshak’s book “Children in a Cage” was Charushin’s last illustrative work. For it he was posthumously awarded a gold medal at the international exhibition of children's literature in Leipzig. Charushin's secret was not only in his artistic and literary talent, but in his childish attitude, which he always preserved. The world of animals was also his world, which is why his drawings were so lively, bright, talented, which is why more than one generation of young readers looked at his drawings with fascination and read his stories.
During the last years of his life, Charushin was seriously ill. The death of Evgeny Charushin occurred on February 18, 1965. Charushin's funeral took place in St. Petersburg, at the Bogoslovskoye cemetery, where Charushin's grave is located today.
Life line
October 29, 1901 Date of birth of Evgeny Ivanovich Charushin.
1918 Graduation from school, conscription into the army.
1922 Return to Vyatka, move to Petrograd, enter the painting department of the St. Petersburg Academy of Arts.
1927 Graduation from the Academy, employment in the Children's Department of the State Publishing House.
1931 The release of Charushin’s own book “Volchishko and Others” with his own illustrations.
July 8, 1934 Birth of Nikita Charushin's son.
1935 Release of Samuil Marshak’s book “Children in a Cage” with illustrations by Charushin.
1941 Evacuation to Kirov.
1945 Return to Leningrad.
February 18, 1965 Date of death of Charushin.
Memorable places
1. St. Petersburg State Academic Institute of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture named after I. E. Repin (formerly St. Petersburg Academy of Arts), where Charushin studied.
2. Kirov Drama Theater, where Charushin worked as a graphic designer during the evacuation.
3. Charushin’s house in Kirov, where he spent his childhood.
4. Charushin's house in St. Petersburg, where he lived from 1948 until his death.
5. Theological cemetery, where Charushin is buried.
Episodes of life
Charushin was an incredibly gifted person, about whom one could safely say that “a talented person is talented in everything.” For example, he played the violin beautifully, wrote poetry, had a gift for acting, was a good sculptor and even an inventor. Thus, the artist Charushin received several patents for his inventions, built a glider on which he flew, and walked on float skis, which he himself invented, on the water.
Charushin's son, Nikita, also became a wonderful artist. He admitted that his father directly influenced his vocation, developing his imagination from childhood. In the evenings they could sit in the dark on the sofa, and the father began to imagine how goats and chamois were jumping on the sideboard, which suddenly became a real mountain, and a real hippopotamus was crawling out of the shadows, as if from an African lake. Evgeny Charushin always adored children, and the children reciprocated his feelings - he could tell them fairy tales for hours, simply inventing them as he went along.
Covenant
“What makes me most happy is the fact that I work for millions of our guys. Whether I’m good or bad at it, I don’t know. But in my work I am honest.”
Documentary film “The Good World of Evgeny Charushin”
Condolences
“Charushin’s charming and talented nature was reflected in many ways: he played the violin, wrote poetry, was an actor, and was always inventing something. We nicknamed him “Evgesha the Inventor.”
Valentin Kurdov, artist, illustrator
"Which artist left..."
Vladimir Lebedev, artist, teacher of Charushin
CHARUSHIN Evgeniy Ivanovich (1901-1965)
Soviet writer and graphic artist E.I. Charushin was born on October 29 (November 11), 1901 in Vyatka in the family of the provincial architect Ivan Apollonovich Charushin, one of the prominent architects of the Urals. More than 300 buildings were built according to Ivan Charushin’s designs in Sarapul, Izhevsk, and Vyatka. He was, like any architect, a good draftsman. The family of Ivan Apollonovich Charushin lived widely and very amicably. Musicians and artists gathered in the house, and the house itself was filled with extraordinary things brought by little Zhenya’s uncle from China, Vietnam, Japan, and Sakhalin. The parents instilled a love of nature in their son from childhood: “My father took me on all his trips around Kirov region. We traveled day and night, through forests and meadows, in blizzards and autumn weather. And the wolves chased us, and we drove into a black grouse’s nest, and scared wood grouse from the tops of pine trees. And the sunrise, and the morning fogs, and how the forest wakes up, how the birds sing, how the wheels crunch white moss how the runners whistle in the cold - I have loved and experienced all this since childhood.”
His mother, Lyubov Aleksandrovna (nee Tikhomirova), played a huge role in shaping the boy’s character. “My mother,” recalled Evgeniy Ivanovich, “is an amateur gardener. Digging in her garden, she did miracles. Of course, I took part in her work. Together with her I went into the forest to collect flower seeds, dig different plants, in order to “domesticate” them in her garden, she and she raised ducks and black grouse, and my mother, who loves all living things very much, passed on this love to me. Chickens, piglets and turkeys, which were always a lot of trouble; goats, rabbits, pigeons, a guinea fowl with a broken wing, which we treated; my closest friend is the three-legged dog Bobka; war with the cats that ate my rabbits, catching songbirds - siskins, goldfinches, waxwings and pigeons. This is what my early childhood, my memories turn to this." He often traveled with his father around the region, spent time with experienced hunters, foresters, handicraftsmen. The future writer kept in his memory their jokes, funny stories and folk tales. I saw the life of ordinary people and absorbed all the originality and charm of the living folk language.
Living nature was quite enough for the young artist. She was everywhere. “We had cats, jars of fish, birds in cages. There were thickets of flowers on the windows - my mother’s favorite thing. Bobka, a three-legged cripple dog, always lay on the stairs. Everyone tripped over him and cursed. I petted him and often told him about my childhood sorrows. At the age of six I fell ill with typhoid fever, because one day I decided to eat everything that birds eat, and ate the most unimaginable disgusting... Another time I swam with the herd, holding on to the tail of a cow, across the wide Vyatka River. "Since that summer I have been able to swim well. A year later, I accidentally killed an eagle owl for the first time with someone else's gun, and since then I have been hunting - alone, with friends or with adult hunters. When I was eleven or twelve years old, I received a gun as a gift."
Zhenya Charushin's favorite reading was books about animal life. The most beloved and expensive book for him was the book by A.E. Brema "Animal Life". He treasured it and re-read it all his life. “I read it avidly,” recalled Charushin, “and no “Nat Pinkertons” or “Nick Carters” could compare with Brehm.” And the fact that the novice artist painted more and more animals and birds is also a considerable part of Bram’s influence. Charushin started drawing early. “It was just, apparently, characteristic of me, how to talk, sing, play pranks or listen to fairy tales. I remember how I listened to fairy tales with a pencil and drew during the story.” The aspiring artist painted “mainly animals, birds and Indians on horseback,” running to a stuffed workshop located near his home, or watching his home “zoo.” At the age of 14, Charushin and his friends organized a union of poets and artists with the awkward name “Sopokhud” (Union of Poets and Artists). WITH youth Evgeniy wanted to preserve such a rapidly changing world, to capture what he saw. “Drawing came to the rescue... The artist in me was born before the writer. The right words came later." By his own definition, he grew up "with a pencil and brush in his hands."
After graduating from high school in Vyatka in 1918, where he studied with Yuri Vasnetsov, Charushin was drafted into the army. There he was used “in his specialty”, and he was appointed as an assistant decorator in the cultural education department of the Political Department of the Red Army headquarters Eastern Front. Having served 4 years, almost all civil war, he returned home only in 1922 and decided to study to become a professional artist. In winter, he studied at the decorative workshops of the Vyatka Provincial Military Commissariat, and in the fall of the same year he entered the painting department at the Petrograd Academy of Arts (VKHUTEIN). He studied for five years, from 1922 to 1927, with A. Karev, A. Savinov, M. Matyushin, A. Rylov. But, as he himself later recalled, these were “the most fruitless years for me.” The search for a new word in painting was uninteresting to him, and academic drawing inspired boredom; It was much more fun to go to the zoo or the bird market. The young artist liked to dress according to fashion at that time. According to the recollections of his close friend Valentin Kurdov, Charushin then “walked around in knee socks and colorful stockings, wore a fawn hat and a colorful, dog-fur, short fur coat.” In 1924, taking the advice of Vitaly Bianki, he, together with Nikolai Kostrov and Valentin Kurdov, went to an amusing trip to Altai.
In 1926, Charushin came to the Children's Department of the Leningrad State Publishing House, which was headed by the famous artist Vladimir Lebedev. In those years, artists were given the task of creating fundamentally new books for young citizens of the Soviet state, books that were highly artistic and, at the same time, informative and educational. Lebedev liked Charushin’s painted animals, and he began to support the artist in every possible way in his quest and creativity.
By this time, Evgeniy Ivanovich was already working in the children's magazine "Murzilka" (since 1924), and later collaborated with the magazines "Ezh" (1928-1935) and "Chizh" (1930-1941). In 1928, he received his first order from the Leningrad State Publishing House - to design a story by V.V. Bianchi "Murzuk". And the very first book with illustrations by Charushin attracted the attention of not only young readers, but also connoisseurs of book graphics, and the drawing from this book was acquired by the State Tretyakov Gallery. In 1929, Charushin illustrated several books: " Wild animals", "Free Birds", "How a bear became a big bear". Already in them the artist’s extraordinary skill in conveying the habits of animals was revealed. A small orphaned bear cub sitting on a branch; a ruffled crow about to peck a bone; wandering wild boars with babies... - everything is drawn vividly , expressive and, at the same time, laconic and succinct.When creating the image of an animal, the artist was able to highlight its most characteristic features.
Since then, Evgeniy Ivanovich has created many illustrations for the texts of Bianchi, as well as M.M. Prishvina, S.Ya. Marshak and other famous writers. Then, at the insistence of S.Ya. Marshak, Charushin tried to write short stories for children about the life of animals himself: “Filled to the brim with childhood observations and hunting impressions, I began, with Marshak’s enthusiastic participation and help, to write myself.” Already in his first story with his own text - "Schur" (1930) - not only his knowledge of animal characters was evident, but also a good sense of humor. “Schur whistles in the cage, Vasya purrs, Kharlashka drags Proshka by the collar: first Harlasha I ask, then Prosha for Harlasha - and I draw them all, I am an artist.” And in all other stories of Charushin, “a soft, sometimes mischievous, sometimes kindly condescending, sometimes slightly ironic smile is always clearly perceptible.” Charushin strove to “understand the animal - to understand its movements and facial expressions.” His accumulated experience helped him convey this in illustrations and words. There is no fiction in what he created, because animals do not do anything that is not typical for them.
He began to draw up and own compositions, such as “Different Animals” (1930), “Wolf and Others” (1931), “Nikitka and His Friends” (1938), “My First Zoology”, “About Big and Small”, “About Tomka”, “Bear Cubs” ", "Vaska", "About the Magpie" and others. But this turned out to be the most difficult thing in his life, because according to him own confession, it was much easier for him to illustrate other people’s texts than his own. In the 1930s, he became one of the best artists of children's books, the design of which at that time had already finally developed into a special direction in art. Maxim Gorky spoke very warmly about the stories of the novice author. Working in the technique of free watercolor drawing, monochrome or color, with a light dynamic spot, Charushin recreated in the space of the book (including in the margins) not just pieces of nature, but a complete landscape environment, the focal points of which were various animals. His essays in the genre of stories about animals and popular local history are original in their own way, lexically simple and elegant.
Charushin treated his readers with great respect. He was pleased that the animals he drew were liked not by critics and editors, but by kids: “for them you won’t lisp in pictures, as is done in other countries, you won’t draw baby dolls...” Looking at Charushin’s books, we can safely say, that both texts and illustrations reflect a single, integral inner world their creator. His stories and drawings are strict, concise, educational and understandable even to a small child. In short stories from the collection “Chicks” (1930) about hazel grouse, corncrake, and owlets, Evgeniy Ivanovich skillfully highlights the most striking, most memorable features of his characters: “But the whirligigs are cunning chicks! A terrible animal will approach the nest - a mouse or a squirrel, they have necks "They'll stretch it out and hiss like a snake. Everyone here will be scared."
Charushin knew the habits and images of animals well. In his illustrations, he drew them with extraordinary precision and character. Each illustration is individual, each depicting a character with an individual character corresponding to a specific situation. He solved this problem responsibly. “If there is no image, there is nothing to depict,” said Evgeny Charushin. - “I want to understand the animal, convey its behavior, the nature of its movement. I am interested in its fur. When a child wants to touch my little animal, I am happy. I want to convey the animal’s mood, fear, joy, sleep, etc. All this must be observed and feel."
Charushinsky animals are always very touching and emotional. The environment and background in his early books are barely outlined. Main - close-up show the animal, while not only creating artistic image, but also by portraying his hero as truthfully as possible from a biological point of view. Evgeniy Ivanovich could not stand poorly drawn animals. He believed that in a children's book, drawings should be living, breathing, and did not like Ivan Bilibin, claiming that he was not engaged in illustration, but in coloring cold, dead contours. The picturesqueness of the images of Charushin animals consists of many textures that skillfully convey the feathers of a bird and the fur of an animal. As one of the researchers of his work, E. Kuznetsov, rightly noted: “He draws not in contour, but one might say, anti-contour, unusually skillfully conveying the texture of fur or feathers” and “the feeling of body mass. This mass somewhere becomes heavier, thickens (say, in paws or muzzle, where the body seems to come out), and somewhere it becomes rarefied; this mass is concentrated inside and gradually loses its density towards the surface."
It was most convenient to create such complex illustrations, picturesque in texture, using the lithography technique. It allowed me not only to sit for a long time on a drawing, but also to immediately print pictures in a future book. Most often Charushin used pastels, natural colors. And “he did not recognize any lithographic laws and rules; he temperamentally moved a pencil and rubbed the lithographic stone with ink, scratching it with a needle and razor.” Many times he could paste over the missing parts in the drawing or cover them with whitewash.
Before the war, Evgeniy Ivanovich created about two dozen books: “Chicks” (1930), “Wolf and Others” (1931), “Roundup” (1931), “Chicken City” (1931), “The Jungle - Bird Paradise” (1931) , “Animals of Hot Countries” (1935), continued to illustrate other authors, including S.Ya. Marshak, M.M. Prishvin, V.V. Bianki, A.I. Vvedensky. “What made a great impression on me in childhood,” said the artist, “is still exciting now. Most of all I love to depict young animals, touching in their helplessness and interesting, because an adult animal is already discernible in them.”
During the war, Charushin was evacuated from Leningrad to his homeland, Kirov (Vyatka). He painted posters for TASS Windows, painted paintings on a partisan theme, designed performances at the Kirov Drama Theater, painted the premises of a kindergarten in one of the factories and the foyer of a home for pioneers and schoolchildren, and practiced drawing with children.
In 1945, the artist returned to Leningrad. In addition to working on books, he created a series of prints with images of animals. Even before the war, he became interested in sculpture, painted tea sets, and in the post-war years he made animal figurines and entire decorative groups from porcelain. He tried to approach the design of children's books differently. His drawings began to indicate space and perspective appeared. Animals were sometimes depicted as more fabulous and, rather, reminiscent of Vasnetsov’s heroes. The technique also changed: the artist began to work in gouache and watercolor, but not with broad strokes, but carefully working out small details in the drawing. In the same 1945, E.I. Charushin received the title Honored Artist of the RSFSR.
The artist approached creativity seriously, precisely as creativity, and not as fun or just passing time (even useful). “A child’s consciousness is overflowing with images that arise in him continuously. The task of the leader is to push these images, to help them be imprinted on paper, and for this you do not need to be an artist at all. The joy of creativity shared with the child, the joy of his discoveries in drawing, in creating an image, supports child in the process of work, gives him self-confidence,” believed E.I. Charushin.
Sometimes it seemed that drawing animals for Charushin was not hard work, but simply an integral part of his essence, like the ability to sing or breathe. In his illustrations, the world of animals is revealed in vivid images, with great warmth and humanity. He has his own techniques for conveying shape, color and texture. He strives to express the character of each animal in laconic ways, to convey the joy of communicating with the living. E.I. Charushin studied animals in detail and specifically, which, when creating his drawings, could not think about the accuracy of the transfer of form or proportion, so this was already implied by itself. Each illustration is different from the other, each has its own emotional image - a certain character in a certain state.
Charushin's last book was “Children in a Cage” by S.Ya. Marshak. And in 1965 he was posthumously awarded a gold medal at the international children's book exhibition in Leipzig. Throughout his life, the artist and writer Charushin retained a childish attitude and some kind of childish delight in the beauty of nature: “I am very grateful to my family for my childhood, because all of its impressions remained for me and now the most powerful, interesting and wonderful. And if I Now I’m an artist and writer, it’s only thanks to my childhood.” Realizing that it is in childhood that the foundation of a person’s worldview is laid, Charushin wrote: “My task is to give the child an extremely integral artistic image, to enrich the child’s artistic perception, to open up to him new picturesque sensations of the world.”
According to contemporaries, the artist was a passionate, emotional and very enthusiastic person. “Charushin’s charming and talented nature was reflected in many ways: he played the violin, wrote poetry, was an actor, and was always inventing something (we nicknamed him “Evgesha the Inventor”),” recalled Valentin Kurdov. However, “his “idleness” was always filled with some kind of activity, most often meaningless and unreasonable in the eyes of outsiders, fun, whim, game, but for him invariably interesting and important, requiring intelligence, ingenuity, dexterous hands, intuition and even inspiration." Few people knew that The artist Charushin had several patents for inventions. He built a glider and flew on it. He walked on the water on float skis that he himself invented.
Charushin's works have been translated into the languages of the peoples of the USSR and some foreign countries. His illustrations, prints, porcelain sculpture, and books were exhibited at international exhibitions in Sofia, London, and Paris. His books were published in England, the USA, Japan, India, Bulgaria and other countries; their total circulation exceeds sixty million copies.
Evgeny Ivanovich Charushin died in Leningrad on February 18, 1965. He was buried at the Bogoslovskoye cemetery.
E.I. Charushin is one of the most beloved artists of the animal world by children. He was the best animal artist. He had no equal. But Evgeny Charushin was also one of those kind and humane children's writers who retained the spontaneity and freshness of a child's view of the animal world and a child's perception of life, who were able to kindly and with clear simplicity convey this view to children's consciousness. The art of Evgeny Charushin, kind and humane, has delighted more than one generation of little readers and taught them to love the magical world of animals and birds.
(1901-1965) Russian artist and writer
Illustrations by Evgeny Ivanovich Charushin enter the world of a child from the first steps of his life. Many generations of readers were brought up and grew up on his books. Perhaps this happened because Charushin entered art with his own theme, which he remained faithful to all his life.
He was born in the small provincial town of Vyatka, where his father served as a city architect. But the main hobby in the family has always been painting. Evgeniy's father was a passionate artist and an excellent observer of nature. The first book he gave his son was a seven-volume edition of Alfred Brehm's The Lives of Animals.
At a young age, Evgeniy began accompanying his father on long trips, where he never parted with a pencil and notebook. His painting abilities were first noted by the famous Russian artist A. Rylov, who was visiting the family. He advised Evgeny Charushin and his friend Yu. Vasnetsov to enter the Academy of Arts.
But first, Evgeniy entered the Vyatka Commercial School. The local artist A. Stolbov, who worked there as an art teacher, also noticed the talented boy and said that he needed to learn painting. Then Evgeniy’s parents transferred him to the Vyatka First Men’s Gymnasium. After the revolution, it was transformed into a secondary school, from which Charushin graduated in 1918.
All his plans were disrupted by the outbreak of the Civil War. He was drafted into the army and soon began working as an assistant decorator in the army cultural education department. Only in 1922 was he demobilized, after which he immediately went to Petrograd. It is curious that at the entrance exams to the Academy, the famous artist Kuzma Petrov-Vodkin gave him the highest score in drawing.
Evgeny Charushin studied in a class led by the artist A. Karev. It was he who suggested Evgeniy try his hand at animal art - drawing animals.
After graduating from the Academy, Charushin began looking for work in Petrograd and during this search he met E. Lebedev, an illustrator of children's books. Lebedev and brought him in 1926 to the Studio of Children's Writers at the Leningrad branch of Detizdat, which was led by O. Kapitsa and S. Marshak. There Evgeny Ivanovich Charushin met young writers Vitaly Bianki, B. Zhitkov and E. Schwartz.
The artist’s first work in the field of children’s illustration were drawings for Bianchi’s story “Murzuk”. The book was published in 1928, and since that time Charushin has become one of the leading illustrators of books for children. And since 1930 he became a full-time artist at Detizdat.
Evgeny Charushin found his own path in art, combining elements of painting and graphics. In those years, many did not accept this style of illustrations, and he, like Lebedev, was accused of excessive realism. His drawings were even considered incomprehensible and not suitable for perception by a child.
At the same time, Evgeny Charushin created a series of illustrated publications, books with Bianchi’s stories. But the real masterpiece was the book “How a Bear Became a Big Bear,” published in 1930, in which he did not illustrate the text, but rather retold its contents in drawings. Therefore, instead of individual illustrations, the artist made the book as a system of double-page spreads.
In the thirties, Charushin himself turned to literary creativity - he wrote several short stories about animals. One of them became his first authored book - “Schur”. There he used a different technique - he inserted small drawings directly into the text. If, for example, the sentence talks about a bird, then the artist gives a drawing of it.
Evgeniy Ivanovich Charushin was looking for the most suitable means of transmitting text material for children. Therefore, in his books he always combined text and illustrations into a single whole. Therefore, the page was usually a bright drawing with an image of an animal and a small accompanying text.
Evgeniy Charushin worked slowly and used many sketches. Every year he made long hikes through forests and protected areas, in which he was accompanied by his closest friends, artists V. Kurdov and Yu. Vasnetsov. Fish, birds, dogs, cats lived in his house.
The artist not only painted constantly, but also systematically studied applied art. Beginning in 1936, the Leningrad Porcelain Factory produced small porcelain figurines and colorfully painted sets based on his sketches. Moreover, he was the first to introduce special stencils with torn edges into the technique of painting on porcelain. This simple technique made it possible to give even limited edition items the appearance of a designer original.
Following the example of other members of the Children's Writers' Studio, Charushin also collaborated in magazines. So, in the pre-war years, he wrote several articles in which he talked about how to draw animals.
From the first days of the war, Evgeny Ivanovich Charushin, like many other artists, was mobilized to work on propaganda posters. Only in 1942 did he leave Leningrad and move with his family to Kirov. There Charushin also continued to illustrate books dedicated to the war, and for the first time turned to monumental painting. He painted several walls in kindergarten, where he studied painting with small children.
In 1945, Evgeny Charushin returned to Leningrad and continued his work, which had been interrupted for several years. In addition to books, he creates a series of prints that talk about animals. The artist conceived these compositions as wall paintings. Therefore, unlike book drawings, they are distinguished by decorativeness and brightness of colors.
At the same time, Evgeny Charushin works in the field of sculpture, continuing to make figurines for the Leningrad Porcelain Factory. But he invariably considered book illustration to be his main business. In total, he published more than thirty collections, including several books of his own stories.
Charushin’s collaboration with Samuil Marshak was very interesting. It lasted thirty years. In 1935, Evgeniy Ivanovich Charushin made illustrations for the book “Children in a Cage,” and in 1965 he updated these drawings, which became his last job. It was for them that the artist received gold medal at a children's book exhibition.
Charushin Evgeniy Ivanovich
Performed:
student 2b gr.,
Ustyantseva Ksenia
Zhenya Charushin's favorite reading was books about animal life.
One day his father gave him 7 heavy volumes for his birthday. It was A.E. Brem's book “The Life of Animals”.
The most expensive book for Charushin. He treasured it and re-read it all his life.
Born in the Urals, in Vyatka, in the family of the architect Ivan Apollonovich Charushin.
After graduating from high school, where he studied with Yuri Vasnetsov, he was drafted into the Red Army.
He returned home and decided to study to become a professional artist.
1922 – 1927
He entered the painting department at the St. Petersburg Academy of Arts (VKHUTEIN).
With the help of S.Ya. Marshak, he began to write books himself.
Famous artist and writer, animal painter, illustrator.
Books:
"Volchishko and others" (1931), "Vaska" (1934),
“About the Magpie” (1936)
“Chicks” (1930), “Roundup” (1931),
“Chicken City” (1931), “Jungle - Bird Paradise” (1931),
“Animals of Hot Countries” (1935).
Charushin wrote about animals, birds, hunting, and children.
The heroes are kind and charming.
They easily enter the fairy-tale world.
The artist loved to depict baby animals - fluffy, soft and still completely helpless.
IN primary school studied:
1st grade - “Why was Tyupa nicknamed Tyupa”;
"Rabbit".
2nd grade – “A scary story.”
4th grade – “Boar”.
Conclusion: The animal world in the midst of pristine nature is the birthplace of Charushin. All his life he talked about it and painted this wondrous vanished world, trying to preserve and pass on its soul to his children.
He treated his readers with great respect. He was pleased that the animals he drew were liked not by critics and editors, but by kids. Looking at Charushin's books, we can safely say that both the texts and the illustrations reflect the single, integral inner world of their creator. His stories and drawings are strict, concise, educational and understandable even to a small child.
Evgeniy Ivanovich Charushin(1901 - 1965) - Soviet graphic artist, sculptor and writer. Son of the architect I. A. Charushin.
Biography
Evgeny Ivanovich Charushin was born on October 29 (November 11), 1901 in Vyatka, in the family of Ivan Apollonovich Charushin, the chief provincial architect who influenced the development of many cities in the Kama region and the Urals. Since childhood, he has been drawing, taught by his father. From that time on, throughout his life he was friends with the artist Yu. A. Vasnetsov, who was born in Vyatka.
In 1918 he graduated from high school and was drafted into the Red Army. He worked as an assistant decorator in the cultural and educational department of the Political Department of the Red Army headquarters of the Eastern Front.
In 1922, after completing his service during the civil war, he returned to Vyatka. He studied at the decorative workshops of the Vyatka Provincial Military Commissariat.
In the fall of 1922, he moved to Petrograd and entered the painting department at the St. Petersburg Academy of Arts (VKHUTEIN), where he studied for five years with teachers A.E. Karev and A.I. Savinov.
In 1922-1927 he attended the Workshop of Spatial Realism of M.V. Matyushin, although not formally being his student.
In 1927 he graduated from VKHUTEIN.
In 1927, he began working in the Children's Department of the State Publishing House, whose artistic editor was V.V. Lebedev, who set himself the task of creating a fundamentally new children's book, highly artistic and educational. Lebedev accepted Charushin, and helped him shape his personal style, associated primarily with images of animals. The first book illustrated by Evgeniy Ivanovich Charushin was the story “Murzuk” by V.V. Bianchi; Charushin experienced strong influence V.V. Lebedeva.
He illustrated his own books (“Volchishko and others”, 1931; “Nikitka and his friends” ( main character- son of the author, N. E. Charushin), 1938; “About Tomka”, 1957) and works by other authors (“Children in a Cage” by S. Ya. Marshak, published in 1935) for children younger age cognitive goals are organically combined with the tasks of nurturing ethical consciousness and love of nature (the same features are noted in Charushin’s own prose).
In 1930, with the participation and help of S. Ya. Marshak, he began working in children's literature, writing short stories for children about the lives of animals. Earned the praise of Maxim Gorky. Before the war, he created about two dozen books: “Chicks”, “Wolf and Others”, “Roundup”, “Chicken City”, “Jungle - Bird Paradise”, “Animals of Hot Countries”, while also continuing to illustrate other authors - S. Ya. Marshak, M. M. Prishvina, V. V. Bianchi. He wrote the stories: “What kind of beast?”, “A terrible story”, “The Amazing Postman”, “Yasha”, “Faithful Troy”, “Cat Epiphan”, “Friends”, a series of stories about Tyupa and about Tomka. The last book designed by the artist was the book “Children in a Cage” by S. Ya. Marshak. Regular contributor to Chizh magazine as a writer and artist.
Charushin's books have been translated into the languages of the peoples of the USSR and some foreign countries. The biobibliographic reference book “Writers of Leningrad” (1982) characterizes Charushin: ...Prose writer, children's writer. For many years he illustrated books by Chukovsky, Marshak, Prishvin, Bianchi and other children's writers. In 1930, his first story for children was published. Since then, the writer and artist E. I. Charushin has published many illustrated books for children of primary school age about animals, birds, hunting, and children. His illustrations, prints, porcelain sculptures, books were exhibited at many international exhibitions in Sofia, London, and Paris.
In 1941, after the outbreak of war, he was evacuated from Leningrad to Kirov. He painted posters for TASS Windows, painted paintings on a partisan theme, and designed performances at the Kirov Drama Theater.
In 1945 he returned to Leningrad. Continued to work on the book; created a series of prints with images of animals. He was engaged in sculpture and small plastic arts (in porcelain), mainly in animal painting; made sketches of paintings for tea sets at the LFZ. The prints and small porcelain sculptures are similar in spirit to the artist’s book illustrations.