Quinoa is a wild or cultivated plant. Spreading quinoa: description, beneficial properties, application features

Quinoa is a plant from the Amaranth family of the dicotyledonous class. Its foliage has white spots, the color of which is associated with its name, and it is also compared to a swan - hence the name.

Until recently, it was considered a “harmful” weed and was mercilessly fought against in garden plots. However, it is very difficult to fight it, because during the season one plant produces about 10,000 seeds, which self-sow throughout the entire area. But suddenly it was discovered that it has a number of useful and healing properties, and quinoa was classified as a medicinal herbaceous plant.

But not all of its types are medicinal. Therefore, you need to know which types of quinoa can be eaten or made into medicinal drinks.

However, in the old days this plant was actively consumed as food, since quinoa quenched hunger well and saved during periods when there was simply no other food. Moreover, people of different nationalities used it for food and noted that quinoa gives a feeling of fullness.

Origin

The main species originated from the center and west North America and Australia.

Name

(Átriplex) - a genus of dicotyledonous plants of the Amaranth family ( Amaranthaceae).

Description

Quinoa is a herbaceous annual, wildlife there are over 90 types of it. Most varieties have foliage that is green with a gray tint or emerald green. However, there are decorative varieties of this annual, the leaves and stems of which have a beautiful soft yellow or crimson-red color. The most attractive is red quinoa, which is planted in flower beds, complementing flowering perennials and annuals, landscape designers use it for decoration park areas, and in flower shops This beautiful plant is used when making bouquets.

There are annual, perennial varieties of quinoa, shrubs or subshrubs. Annuals can reach a height of 0.9 – 1.0 m. The stems are erect.

The foliage is arranged alternately, the leaf blades are entire. The quinoa grows silvery hairs, so its foliage and stems look dusted with flour.

All its varieties are monoecious, so both male and female flowers bloom on them. female flowers. Their color is greenish, invisible. The flowers are collected in paniculate inflorescences. Quinoa begins to bloom in the spring and lasts most of the summer; nut-shaped fruits appear from mid-August to the second ten days of October.

For use in food and preparation of medicines, only garden quinoa is used. It is grown specifically in garden plots for later use in everyday life. Garden quinoa (photo of the plant) can be seen in books on botany.

The aerial part of quinoa is usually stored during the period when buds begin to appear on it. To dry, the foliage and stems are laid out in a thin layer under a canopy or in well-ventilated areas. You can dry whole plants by chopping the leaves or grinding the powder. Typically, dried raw materials are not stored for more than a year. But the leaves of “wild spinach” are also frozen for the winter, pickled, salted, and also fermented.

Chemical composition and beneficial properties of the plant

The following active substances were found in “wild spinach”:

• vitamins C, E, P, PP;
• more than 15 amino acids, some of which are not produced in our bodies, but can only be obtained externally through food;
• macro and microelements;
• acids of organic origin;
• essential oils;
• saponins;
• cellulose;
• pectin;
• proteins.

First of all, it should be recalled that this annual helps to satisfy hunger and gives a feeling of fullness. Moreover, adding it to different dishes or using raw food, you can strengthen the body and strengthen the immune system.

But in folk medicine Some diseases are treated with the help of various quinoa-based potions.

Infusions with this plant are used for external use in the treatment of skin diseases, mucous membranes of the oral cavity, for better healing of wounds, and relief of joint inflammation due to rheumatism.

Various quinoa-based preparations are used to treat diseases in the upper respiratory tract, improve the functioning of the digestive tract, combat stress, and treat depression or neuroses.

Wild spinach is used to cleanse blood vessels and prevent heart disease, in particular heart attacks.

Although this medicinal annual is considered a weed, various preparations based on it have the following properties:

1. relieve inflammation;
2. promote rapid healing of wounds;
3. cleanse the digestive tract and blood vessels from harmful substances;
4. diuretic;
5. choleretic;
6. help remove mucus from the bronchi and lungs;
7. strengthen the body in general and the immune system in particular;
8. have a calming effect.

Other Uses for Wild Spinach

This annual plant is widely used in our lives. It is not only used as a medicine, but also for preparing various dishes: spring salads with quinoa are a source of vitamins and minerals that the body needs after a long winter. Soups and borscht also acquire an unusual taste if quinoa leaves are added to them. Adding Quinoa Powder When Baking bakery products allows them to be stored longer and also adds beneficial properties.

Fertilizers rich in easily digestible nitrogen are prepared from various varieties of wild spinach.

This annual plant is also used as feed for cattle and poultry.

Use of wild spinach in folk medicine (recipes)

There are many recipes that use quinoa, and for many diseases, infusions or decoctions prepared in a certain way are used.

For treating complex wounds and getting rid of boils

An effective external remedy for drawing out pus and healing wounds is freshly squeezed wild spinach juice. Since quinoa contains active substances that have a bactericidal effect, its juice kills putrefactive bacteria and cures various skin diseases. Squeeze the juice out of wild spinach onto a clean napkin and apply it to the sore spot. This compress should be kept for at least 1 – 2 hours. If the pus begins to drain intensively, such dressings are replaced as they become dirty. Such lotions help remarkably with inflammatory processes under the nails of the fingers and toes.

Using Quinoa for Constipation

To treat constipation (including regular ones), take 1/4 cup of freshly squeezed juice of this medicinal annual on an empty stomach before breakfast. And to normalize the functioning of the digestive tract and prevent constipation, you should add quinoa to salads and other dishes.

Preparation of infusions for rinsing the mouth

Brew 1 tablespoon of dry (or fresh) quinoa herb with boiling water (200 mg) and leave for 5 to 10 minutes, then filter. Inflamed mucous membranes of the oral cavity should be rinsed with this infusion at least 4 to 5 times a day. This infusion has a beneficial property - it strengthens the gums and reduces their bleeding.

Possible contraindications and harm of quinoa

However, not everyone should indulge in frequent consumption of quinoa. If flour made from “wild spinach” seeds is constantly used for cooking, it aggravates chronic diseases of the digestive tract and nervous system. If you have urolithiasis or have gallstones, you should also not eat quinoa.

Watch also the video

Quinoa is an annual plant, very common, found almost throughout the planet. This herb has more than a hundred species. In Russia it is considered a weed, although quinoa was previously used to escape starvation. During the hungry years, Russian peasants ground quinoa seeds and mixed them with flour. Bread made from such flour turned out coarse, a little like earth, and often irritated the throat, but sometimes you don’t have to choose.

Quinoa was brought to Britain in the 6th century. Initially, it was used as a medicinal plant, and only in the 17th century began to be used in various salads. And the Incas even called this plant “Mother Grain” and revered it very much.

Varieties

Unusual species diversity is characteristic of this plant. It can be cultivated and wild. May be a bush or grass. We will provide descriptions of several main varieties of this plant:

• Garden (edible) quinoa- approximately 60 cm to one and a half meters high with a bare stem and plain (beetroot-red or green) leaves. This type of quinoa blooms almost all summer, until the second ten days of August.
• spreading quinoa- the most common type in Russia. Compared to the garden one, it is lower, the height is 30-100 cm. The leaves are green, uniform on both sides, with solid edges. Blooms during the last two months of summer.
• Small-flowered quinoa is basically forage plant. Its height reaches a meter, and it blooms in July and August.
• Krasivokrudnik- this variety is the same in height as spreading quinoa, differs only in paniculate inflorescences. Flowering occurs, as with spreading quinoa, in the second half of summer.
• Coastal quinoa– 20-70 cm tall, leaves with a sharp end. This type of quinoa blooms in the second half of summer.
• Tatar quinoa- an annual plant up to 1 meter high, blooming from early June, with serrated (sometimes ovoid) leaves.

Compound

To move on to the beneficial properties of quinoa, let's look at its composition. What is so irreplaceable in quinoa that is not found in other herbs?

This plant contains 17 amino acids, 10 of which the body cannot produce on its own. The plant contains fiber and essential oils. There are many vitamins present, including vitamins A, B, C, E, PP and many others. Rich in macro- and microelements (potassium, iron and others). Quinoa also contains alkaloids and oxalic acid.

Beneficial features

With such a composition, this plant is simply bound to have a lot of medicinal properties. The way it is.

• The plant helps strengthen the immune system.
• It is a good sedative, indispensable for the nervous system.
• Potassium helps the cardiovascular system and prevents heart attacks.
• There is enough in the grass a large number of. This substance helps maintain vascular walls.
• Good for digestion. Speeds up the digestion of food.
• Replenishes the lack of necessary substances when losing weight (girls on eternal diets, pay attention to this plant).
• Being a natural laxative, quinoa gently helps with poisoning and constipation. Removes toxins from the body - this is a kind of natural cleansing of the body.
• Helps with respiratory diseases (sore throat, bronchitis, runny nose, ARVI).
• Helps with headaches and pain during menstrual cycle among women. Stops bleeding and is an excellent antiseptic.

Application

The uses of quinoa are very extensive. Quinoa is mainly used in cooking and medicine.

Cooking

• Garden quinoa, which is most often used as food by people, is an excellent spice;
• Vegetarians will appreciate cutlets made from this herb;
• The leaves can be used to make a very tasty puree;
• Quinoa is added to salads, omelettes, and even soups;
• Bread with quinoa added to its flour becomes more nutritious and its shelf life becomes much longer;
• Porridges are prepared with the seeds of this plant;
• Young quinoa leaves can be fermented like cabbage.

So that you don't get lost when looking for recipes with garden quinoa, here are some of the best options we have selected:

Quinoa soup it turns out very tasty. Chop 200 grams of quinoa and 60 grams of sorrel and throw into boiling water until tender. When serving, add greens, cucumbers, sour cream.

Quinoa cutlets. Mix the crushed leaves of this plant and onion with the egg and flakes. Add salt and pepper to taste. And fry, first rolling in breadcrumbs.

Salads. There can be many options here. You can mix quinoa with boiled eggs and beets, seasoned with mayonnaise. An interesting combination comes from quinoa and cabbage. It all depends mainly on your eating habits.

Dessert. Yes, it’s hard to believe, but you can even make desserts from this herb. Mix 20 grams of chopped fresh quinoa with any jam and a spoonful of lemon juice. It turns out tasty and healthy.

Pancakes. Knead the dough, let it stand for about an hour, then add chopped cooked and stewed quinoa to it. Scoop up the mass with a spoon and fry in a frying pan in oil.

Meatballs. In a blender, grind the quinoa, lemon juice (lime juice), and spices (black pepper, coriander, dried herbs) for a few minutes. From this mass we make meatballs and put them in the refrigerator for an hour.

Medicine

Quinoa is wonderful folk remedy for diseases of the kidneys, lungs, and urinary organs. Helps well with inflammation and joint diseases. Suitable for normalizing heart function and digestion.

• The juice of the herb has a disinfecting property and also quickly heals wounds.
• For inflammation of the oral cavity, rinse your mouth with quinoa decoction 5-6 times a day until the condition improves.
• Compresses for radiculitis. Apply warm, steamed leaves to the affected area overnight.
• Quinoa tea can help treat dry cough. It is best to drink this tea with honey (quinoa thins phlegm, and honey removes it from the body).
• Quinoa decoction, due to the presence of potassium, helps with heart disease.
• Doctors assure that quinoa is beneficial for initial stages diabetes mellitus

When losing weight

Due to the normalization of intestinal function, quinoa is very useful for weight loss. Rich in protein and zinc, amino acids compensate for their lack in the body without bringing a large amount of calories.

Contraindications

• Quinoa is not recommended for use by people with urolithiasis.
• People with blood clotting problems should not consume quinoa.
• Excessive consumption of quinoa is also dangerous, since it contains unknown Chemical substance, which is toxic, and if it is in excess in the body, digestive disorders can occur (in small quantities it is completely safe).
• A very strong allergic reaction to the plant often occurs; when consuming, it is advisable to test for an allergic reaction on a small amount of the product.

Peculiarities

Sometimes quinoa is sold under the guise of lawn grass in packages. You can find many stories on the Internet where quinoa was sold under the guise of lawn grass. It is difficult to get rid of it, as it will quickly breed again.

On the one hand, it is believed that since humanity has been eating quinoa leaves since ancient times when there was a shortage of food, treatment with it is all the more harmless. On the other hand, quinoa was eaten for a reason, but only to save regular food. In addition, you still can’t eat it alone - because of the vomiting that it tends to provoke. Indeed, quinoa contraindications mainly relate to diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. And their very presence does not allow us to compare it with other vegetarian substitutes for animal products.

Nowadays, quinoa is often confused with annual plant from the same family, called quinoa or rice quinoa. It replaced flour for South American Indians. And now rice quinoa is eaten all over the world instead of buckwheat and wheat, including making bread from it. But despite all the similarities in external characteristics, quinoa and quinoa are distant relatives, very different in composition.

So, if quinoa is a plant from our climate zone, then quinoa originally grew only in the Andes, and it is completely imported into the domestic market. Their taste is different chemical composition and a number of basic properties. For example, bread made only from quinoa seeds is bitter and causes vomiting and diarrhea. But quinoa bread tastes quite good, and there are no consequences from eating it. True, quinoa also has a slightly bitter “buckwheat” flavor, but when cooked as a side dish, not as bread.

What are the beneficial properties and contraindications of quinoa?

From a scientific point of view, quinoa has virtually no medicinal properties. The only exception is a strong laxative effect, since the plant is rich in saponins (the natural basis of soap). But scientists know that this grass has a pronounced ability to accumulate in its leaves everything that is contained in the soil. This property is even used in agriculture to clean land from residues of fertilizers and insecticides from previous harvests that have settled there. That is why neither leaves nor seeds of quinoa are included in the list medicinal plants and are not sold in pharmacies.

But traditional medicine does not share the skepticism of science, considering the plant nutritious and remedy. The most useful and least bitter is considered to be garden quinoa, which differs from other species in the purplish-red color of its leaves, similar to coleus. But in our open spaces, the most common is spreading quinoa - a classic representative of its family. The leaves of the plant are rich in the following components.

• Plant proteins. However, just like all legumes, potatoes, Jerusalem artichoke. Vegetable protein is not best replacement animal, since its composition is never complete (there is not all the amino acids that a person needs). But vegetarians eat it instead of animal products. Quinoa is hampered by its bitter taste, ability to provoke acute intestinal disorders, and lower protein content than beans/peas/soybeans to be integrated into the line of vegetarian meat substitutes on equal terms with legumes. In general, it is precisely because of its high protein content that quinoa is considered a filling plant.
• Cellulose . All plants contain it in abundance. Fiber (plant fiber) has the ability to physically scrape out the walls of the stomach and intestines, since it is not digested and, therefore, not absorbed by the body. Plus, it takes the place of food that we could eat, creating a feeling of false satiety. These two properties make it good remedy weight loss and normalization of stool, because fibers that come out unchanged help to structure the masses in the rectum and irritate it, increasing the urge to defecate. The presence of fiber is not the prerogative of quinoa alone - people eat it with bran bread, all vegetables and fruits.
• Saponins. We are talking about a soapy natural base, and quinoa is one of the plants from which our ancestors could brew a good cleaning and laundry product. Saponins have no beneficial properties, except for hygienic ones, of course. That is why their high content causes the main harm to quinoa. The digestive system does not digest or assimilate them, and its attempts to quickly get rid of the foreign component lead to acute cramps, gas, diarrhea and vomiting after eating large quantities of quinoa leaves and seeds.
• Vitamins. The plant is rich in retinol and carotene (the precursor of retinol), rutin. It also contains niacin, some B vitamins and vitamin E (along with traces of plant and essential oils). Quinoa seeds contain incomparably more of them than leaves, especially vitamin E.
• Food acids. In particular, ascorbic, oxalic, salicylic. They act as natural antioxidants, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and mild antiseptics. There are, of course, much more of them in sorrel, berries, citrus fruits, other fruits and ready-made Aspirin. But in mild cases or when other remedies are unavailable, quinoa can also become a source. Food acids are one of the most valuable components of the plant.
• Betaine. This substance can partially replace the amino acid methionine, since as a result of its breakdown, so-called methyl groups are also formed. They are involved in the synthesis of several hormones, including choline (one of the components of bile and a precursor to the neurotransmitter acetylcholine), as well as adrenaline, a stimulator of neural, cardiac and muscle activity. In short, betaine serves as the basis for the production of substances that improve the absorption of fats in the body. That is why it is useful for obesity, cellulite, liver diseases (especially fatty hepatosis) and some other lipid metabolism problems. We can say that the benefit of quinoa as a medicine, if it exists, is created mainly at its expense.
• Starch . Starch, being a semi-sugar, is a source of simple carbohydrates and satiety for the body, although we, of course, are not used to counting mashed potatoes the same cakes, only unsweetened. Its main part is contained in quinoa seeds.
• Minerals and trace elements. It is impossible to guess their composition in each individual grass specimen unless you know the composition of the soil on which it grew. The high tendency to accumulate salts contained in the soil is one of the properties of quinoa that is most useful for farmers, but dangerous for anyone who uses the leaves of the plant for food or for treatment. The soil is rarely rich only in elements beneficial to health. Much more often today it is radioactive, contaminated with heavy metals, traces of fertilizers and poisons from various pests. That is why in quinoa leaves, depending on where it is collected, you can find phenolic compounds and benzenes, urea and many elements of the periodic table.

Despite the skepticism of scientific medicine, some of the properties of quinoa could still be called medicinal. This is prevented only by the presence in other medicinal plants of a similar effect, but more pronounced. Moreover, their use does not carry the side effects inherent in quinoa, such as irritation of the digestive organs.

Application area

Previously, quinoa leaves and seeds were used in cooking only when absolutely necessary, especially financially. But now, with the return of interest in alternative medicine and its methods, they are recommended to be added to dishes served to the table of well-off people.

True, a significant part of modern recipes for dishes with quinoa are designed to mix into them not garden or spreading quinoa, but quinoa seeds - its South American “relative”. The existing confusion must be taken into account when choosing recipes for your table, since replacing one plant with another will certainly end badly for the stomach.

Indications

In addition to adding to the daily diet, the leaves and seeds of the plant are suggested to be used to treat various diseases at home. Healers and herbalists attribute the following indications for use to quinoa leaves and extracts from them, especially in raw form.

Even possible positive reviews from doctors about the healing properties of quinoa in the case of treating constipation and helminthiasis are absent for two reasons.

1. Side effects on the stomach and intestines. That is, uncontrollable diarrhea and vomiting, provoked by natural saponins in the composition of quinoa leaves. They lead to dehydration of the body, permanently disrupt the condition of the mucous membranes of both the stomach and intestines, and reduce appetite. Such potent drugs are good if it is necessary to develop a physical aversion to food - say, with a craving for overeating (bulimia), if it psychological basis cannot be eliminated. However, in other cases, we are talking about a questionable step, fraught with the development of anorexia.
2. Possible toxicity. That is, the potential danger posed by the accumulated quinoa leaves is toxins from the soil. Therefore, taking quinoa leaves internally is definitely unsafe, although the degree of toxicity of its seeds can still be debated.

Due to severe stomach and intestinal cramps, as well as dehydration caused by diarrhea and repeated vomiting, using quinoa during pregnancy does not seem wise. Although it is not directly prohibited during pregnancy, since it is not poisonous to the fetus. But you need to take into account that the healing properties of quinoa for the body of the unborn child are also absent.

Listed side effects plants are as good as antibiotics, to which modern herbalists have so many complaints. Quinoa also seriously disrupts the functioning of the intestines, and even accumulates dangerous components from the outside.

At the same time, quinoa is unable to seriously influence the course of most diseases for which it is recommended, because antibiotics will cope with sore throat, helminths and acne much better than quinoa. Therefore, it makes sense to use this plant only under the threat of starvation.

Procurement of raw materials

If you decide or were forced to try quinoa to expand your culinary experience or treatment, it is important to consider several mandatory rules for its collection and storage.

• View . The only cultivated and acceptable variety of quinoa in our open spaces is garden quinoa - with crimson-red leaves and branches. Quinoa is a bitter plant, but completely devoid of flavor. That is why dishes with it require the addition of a large amount of spices. The second option for relatively edible quinoa varieties is imported quinoa.
• Gathering place . Quinoa leaves readily concentrate salt compounds from the surrounding soil and water, cleansing the soil of them. That’s why it’s better not to collect quinoa outside the countryside or on plots whose owners are keen on eco-farming.
• Collection time. You can collect quinoa all summer long, but it is better to do it in the spring, before it blooms. You should choose young quinoa leaves, located closer to the top, as they have time to accumulate fewer toxins.
• Storage . As for how to prepare quinoa for the winter, both the leaves and quinoa seeds just need to be dried in the shade, then placed in canvas or paper bags, closed and placed in a cool, dry, dark place. Herbivores and insects rarely show interest in it (which is why it is not recommended for people unless absolutely necessary), so its shelf life reaches two years.

Recipes

In general, the use of quinoa seeds is more for culinary than medicinal purposes. In particular, flour from it is mixed with wheat flour when making bread. The proportion should be no more than 1:3, as it significantly spoils the final product, making it tough and tasteless. Seeds are not added to other dishes, much less cooked as a side dish, like quinoa, since eating such “porridge” will result in uncontrollable vomiting.

For therapeutic purposes, quinoa leaves are usually used in fresh or dry form. The doctor will definitely advise their ingestion for only two purposes - to cause diarrhea (for example, with constipation, but with an eye to its causes) or vomiting (for example, with food poisoning) within the next hour. Otherwise, official medicine recommends using plant preparations only externally. Traditional healers think differently. Here are the most common folk recipes: medicines from quinoa leaves.

Water infusion

You will need:

• a tablespoon of dried quinoa leaves;
• a glass of boiling water;
• A working thermos with a glass inner flask.

Preparation

1. Finely chop the dry quinoa leaves and pour into a heated thermos.
2. Pour boiling water, close the lid and leave until the infusion has cooled completely.
3. Strain the resulting product through gauze folded in three layers.

You need to take the resulting remedy during the same day, dividing it into three or four servings of approximately 75-100 ml each, and drinking one of them half an hour before meals. The product should not be stored for more than a day. Traditional medicine believes that taking it will reduce appetite, normalize intestinal motility, and provide a general strengthening and anti-inflammatory effect in case of any infectious pathologies.

Decoction

You will need:

• two tablespoons of dried quinoa leaves;
• a glass of hot water;
• enamel dishes.

Preparation

1. Coarsely chop the dry ingredients and replace a teaspoon of leaves with quinoa seeds if desired.
2. Place the prepared base in an enamel bowl, add hot water and bring to a boil over medium heat.
3. Turn the burner to low, cover the pan with a lid and leave for twenty minutes.
4. Cool covered and strain several times through cheesecloth folded in three. Then bring it hot drinking water to the initial volume.

The resulting extract should be taken one tablespoon before meals, three times a day. Healers claim that it relieves intestinal spasms, pain caused by osteochondrosis, arthritis and gout, and improves digestion. It is also claimed that rinsing with it reduces the symptoms of sore throat and inflammation of the gums, and douching and rubbing the skin treats candidiasis, purulent wounds and pimples, as well as fungal infections.

Juice

In folk medicine, quinoa juice is also used, obtained by rolling fresh leaves and stems through a meat grinder and then squeezing the resulting mass. It must be taken orally before meals, one tablespoon three times a day. And it acts as an anthelmintic and laxative.

External applications of quinoa juice obtained in this way supposedly help cope with age-related and traumatic pain, inflammation of the musculoskeletal system, as well as skin diseases. It is also used as a hair mask, rubbing into the scalp after washing once a day (preferably at night).

Doctors will probably remind you in this regard that taking quinoa remedies internally for gout is strictly prohibited, and that instead of relieving spasms, you will probably get an increase in them. And they will advise you to try everything else at your own peril and risk, since the medicinal properties of quinoa for many pathologies simply have not been tested, but there is nothing in its composition that would allow their presence to be assumed.

If you have quinoa in your garden, that's... good! This means that the soil in the beds is fertile, loose, with a neutral or slightly acidic reaction - what is needed for a good harvest of vegetables. In principle, this weed can grow on poor soil, and even on saline soil - but the plants will be weak and depressed.

Their lush growth is a sign of soil saturated nutrients, rich in nitrogen. Quinoa also doesn’t like competitors - since it has appeared, it means there are no other weeds.

This is also wonderful!
Is there quinoa in the garden? No problem! Photo by the author However, you shouldn’t relax: if you don’t do anything, we’ll end up with thickets the size of a man, because in favorable conditions The quinoa bush can reach 1.5 m in height. And each plant will produce a colossal amount of seeds.

No matter how useful they are, it is unlikely that a modern gardener aims to obtain such a “harvest.” Quinoa (Atriplex) is a genus of the Amaranthaceae or Chenopodiaceae family, numbering about 250 species.
On the left is garden quinoa (Atriplex hortensis), on the right is arrowhead quinoa (Atriplex sagittata).

Botanical illustration by Jacob Sturm from the book Deutschlands Flora in Abbildungen, 1796

Quinoa is often also called its relative, pigweed (Chenopódium). Despite the fact that they belong to different genera of the same family, the similarity between these plants is so great that only botanists can confidently distinguish them.

It is difficult for an ordinary gardener to understand such nuances, and in general it is not necessary - after all, even in popular literature and reference books of medicinal plants they are often combined, described as one plant. Therefore, in this article we will talk about both quinoa and pigweed.

Quinoa and pigweed are close relatives

Most often, quinoa is found in potato plantings - there for it optimal conditions. It does not disdain landfills and wastelands; it grows both on roadsides and in arable land. But in the meadow, in the field grasses, you will never find it.

In our country, the most common wild species is considered quinoa spreading(Atriplex patula). From a gastronomic point of view it is of interest garden quinoa(Atriplex hortensis) - in European countries it is cultivated in gardens and the fresh leaves of the plant are used to prepare various dishes.

Garden quinoa is not a weed, but a food and ornamental plant

Both quinoa and pigweed reproduce by seeds. The leader in their “production” is considered white pigweed(Chenopodium album): one plant produces over 100 thousand seeds per season (and some sources cite more impressive figures - up to 700 thousand). However, it is not only a matter of quantity, but also of quality.

White pigweed produces three types of seeds

The pigweed produces three types of seeds. The first ones are the largest, Brown. They germinate almost immediately as soon as they hit the ground. The second ones are smaller, greenish-black. Their task is to overwinter and sprout next year. in early spring. The third ones are the smallest, black in color, with a dense shell. They are “responsible” for the preservation and distribution of the species: these seeds remain viable for up to 10 years and are not harmed by unfavorable conditions. It is they who, together with manure, “come” to vegetable fields and populate new territories - even such a tough test as traveling through the digestive tract of ungulates is not capable of killing them.
Quinoa and pigweed produce a huge number of seeds. It is useful to know about one more feature of the seeds of quinoa and pigweed: only those that end up in the soil at a depth of no more than 4 cm germinate. The rest go into a dormant state and wait in the wings. First of all, it is worth doing prevention. Since quinoa and pigweed do not like competitors, we do not leave the cultivated land empty. The garden bed is free - let's sow green manure. Let's think carefully before buying manure: remember that along with it it is useful organic fertilizer It’s easy to bring in weed seeds, which will then take a long time to get rid of. And of course, we do not allow the formation of seeds if we have not succeeded in completely destroying their source.

Nobody canceled weeding either. Weeding quinoa while it is young is not at all difficult: its root is a taproot, and while it is not yet sufficiently developed, it can be pulled out of loose soil without any problems.

While the root young plant poorly developed, it is easy to weed out quinoa. Photo by the author It is more difficult to cope with an adult plant: its root becomes deeper, branches out, forms many adventitious roots, and the stem often breaks off when trying to pull the weed out of the ground. And the remaining stump will certainly grow back - mowing will not remove the quinoa.

On biological features plants based provocation method, which allows you to accelerate the germination of quinoa seeds and get rid of its seedlings before planting cultivated plants.

Mulch inhibits quinoa seedlings

In early spring, as soon as the ground thaws, it is loosened. Quinoa and goosefoot seeds begin to germinate at a soil temperature of +3...+4 degrees, but for this, as we remember, they certainly need to get into the upper layers. Loosening will help with this. As soon as the shoots appear, we loosen them again, destroying the weeds. If necessary, repeat the procedure.

After sowing or planting vegetables, we loosen the row spacing until the cultivated plants grow up (then they can handle the quinoa themselves: it doesn’t like competition).

Mulch inhibits quinoa - this should also be used. Only the mulch layer should be significant - 10-15 centimeters.

This a good option for potato plantings, beds with cabbage, cucumbers.

Quinoa seeds are collected and dried for the winter - both domestic and wild birds readily peck at them. In folk medicine, fresh and dried herbs are used, as well as quinoa juice. But different sources describe the healing properties of this plant differently, and sometimes this information is quite contradictory. Therefore, do not rush to be treated with quinoa - it is better to pay attention to its nutritional properties, which are confirmed by historical experience. In times of famine, quinoa saved people from death. Residents of besieged Leningrad cooked porridge from seeds and ground them into flour to bake flat cakes. The leaves of this plant (not necessarily cultivated varieties, by the way) are used in salads; they can be fermented for the winter and cooked with cabbage soup.
Garden quinoa - healthy greens

Now this herb is cultivated not only in European gardens - quinoa seeds can already be purchased in domestic stores. And how to grow it, read the article Garden quinoa - an ancient vegetable green. There are also salad recipes.

Do you grow quinoa?

Source: https://7dach.ru/MarinaGerasimenko/v-ogorode-lebeda-ne-beda-126150.html

How to get rid of quinoa in the garden: methods of weed control

Quinoa is a member of the Chenopodiaceae family, with about 200 species present in many places around the world - USA, Latin America, Mexico, etc.

An interesting fact is that in many countries, garden quinoa is cultivated for gastronomic purposes, using the leaves and stems to prepare delicious dishes.

• 1 Description
• 2 Fighting methods
• 3 Prevention
• 4 Useful properties

Description

Russian summer residents most often have to deal with common quinoa, which densely fills garden plots in the summer.

Few people have any idea that quinoa is a capricious weed, and its appearance in the country is a sign of fertility and richness of the soil in minerals.

However, on this note, the pleasant moments, as a rule, end, and without the proper intervention of the summer resident, it takes on the appearance of a harsh, one and a half meter bush, creating shade and taking away moisture from the crops grown in the beds.

Quinoa propagation occurs by seed. Mature plant, the destruction of which occurred after the moment of shedding of the seed material, is capable of extending its residence to summer cottage during several years. Potato plantings and beds with beans especially suffer from it - these crops react acutely to lack of moisture.

Fighting methods

When the first signs of quinoa growth appear, careful weeding should be done. Since the seeds contained in the soil sprout unevenly, it is advisable to assume that systematic weeding will be required.

It is important to understand that, having allowed the technical maturity of one plant, dacha wrestling with quinoa will drag on for several years to come. Young seedlings with a tap root system are best weeded.

Subsequently, the quinoa root begins to develop in breadth, forming complex, branched processes. When weeding out taller specimens, it is easy to leave the root in the soil, and the plant will begin its development with new strength. Mowing the weed, as a rule, does not bring results.

With a sufficient level of soil moisture, the root continues to actively grow, and the newly emerged shoots will have time to mature to the self-sowing stage.

Getting rid of an adult quinoa bush can provoke the death of seedlings located close to the weed and becoming entangled in the root system.

Complete elimination is facilitated by the use of herbicides - specialized means that have a poisonous effect on the plant. Young shoots are especially sensitive to treatment; several treatments can be used to destroy adult bushes.

Prevention

Even the most attentive and diligent summer resident can detect the appearance of quinoa on his site. The reason for this is the introduction of manure containing thousands of weed seeds.

Thanks to the incredibly long germination period, the seeds of this grass survive long periods of time in compost pits and humus boxes. Having gained access to prepared, dug up and loosened soil, the quinoa begins to develop the newly provided territory.

Therefore, when using manure and humus, you should prepare for frequent weeding of the garden to avoid the development of weed beds.

When making compost, you need to limit the use of herbs that have seed germs - they should be burned.

The place where self-seeding of quinoa was allowed should be mulched using garden fabric and natural material- manure, rotted straw and sawdust, fallen leaves, which can prevent access sunlight directly to the soil.

Since quinoa is capable of spreading the sowing of its own seeds over areas of a sufficiently large radius, the plant should also be disposed of outside the perimeter of the dacha, on the sides of adjacent roads and on the border with neighboring areas.

Beneficial features

In Russia, quinoa has been considered edible since time immemorial. In simple peasant houses, cabbage soup was cooked from it, and the seeds were used as feed for poultry V winter time. The leaves were fermented along with cabbage.

A historical fact is the use of weed seeds as a material for making flour under the conditions of besieged Leningrad. Quinoa bread was remembered by many participants in those tragic events.

Currently, some varieties are widespread, the leaves of which are especially valuable in salads and decorations for meat dishes.

The nutritional value of quinoa lies in the high content of vegetable protein, vitamins E, PP, C, many macro- and microelements, and fiber.

In folk medicine it is used mainly as an antitussive. However, there is a widespread high opinion of the general strengthening effect that is achieved by regular consumption of the raw leaves of the plant. Its juice has a mild laxative effect. It is also taken to combat obsessive chronic pain syndromes.

Source: https://3vedra.ru/sornyaki/lebeda.html

Quinoa - is it really a problem?

Familiar strangers in the garden

Quinoa is often considered only a weed, forgetting about its nutritional, decorative and medicinal benefits. Of course, these days there are enough food greens, and there are enough medicinal plants that are familiar to us. But as a decorative addition to a flower garden, garden quinoa will certainly attract the attention of gardeners. Quinoa - is it really a problem?

In the spring, in a vacant lot where summer residents take garbage from their plots, I caught my eye on the burgundy-red shoots of some plant. At this moment, the rays of the setting sun illuminated the little ones - they began to glow, glow, transforming the approaching twilight.

The time for replanting was favorable - it rained periodically, so without thinking, I tore out elastic, strong sprouts from the loose soil, wrapped them in a burdock leaf and hurried to the house. I planted the foundlings among the phloxes and chrysanthemums - they were not yet to bloom soon, and these corners of the flower garden were not particularly spectacular.

I watered it once, and after a couple of days they began to grow, and after a week and a half, the young slender plants already favorably set off the greenery surrounding them. This is how I met garden quinoa.

The plant captivated me with its unpretentiousness, it was pleasantly pleasing to the eye, especially in those moments when the sun illuminated it. And of course, I wanted to know more about him. It turns out that quinoa has been known as a food plant for a long time and was specially grown in gardens and vegetable gardens until the 19th century. Later it was replaced by spinach.

The ancient Greek physician Galen noted that quinoa increases the nutritional value of the food to which it is added. In lean years, quinoa saved people from starvation, and in the spring of 1942 besieged Leningrad This unpretentious plant helped thousands of residents survive.

The benefits of quinoa are primarily due to the content in it of a large number of amino acids necessary for human life, various vitamins and minerals.

Moreover, the chemical composition is sufficiently balanced to provide the body with the necessary substances for normal functioning. Quinoa normalizes metabolic processes in the body, has bactericidal and anti-inflammatory properties, and improves the vascular system.

Due to its high protein content (up to 18%), this plant increases nutritional value dishes.

Rod Lebeda, by modern classification, belongs to the Amaranth family, is a relative of spinach, strawberry spinach, beets, and amaranth. There are more than 200 herbaceous plants, subshrubs and shrubs in the genus.

The following types of quinoa are common in our areas: wild, white, gray, garden, spreading, Tatar and others. Feature quinoa - the ability to accumulate salt in its leaves, so it can be used to cultivate saline soils.

The leaves of most types of quinoa are covered with silvery hairs - as if sprinkled with flour, perhaps this became a hint for people to use it in baking bread.

Gardeners are very familiar with quinoa; they are actively fighting it, but for all its fertility, it cannot be compared with such malicious weeds as wheatgrass or sow thistle.

The Eastern Slavs rhyme quinoa with trouble: “It’s not a problem if there’s quinoa in the rye, two troubles when there’s neither rye nor quinoa,” this once again reminds us of the benefits of quinoa. And the porridge made from quinoa seeds was affectionately called: swan.

The French call quinoa bonne dame (nice woman), and the Germans call it der dute Heinrich (good Henry).

Isn't this popular recognition of the usefulness of the plant? For use as food, it is recommended to grow garden quinoa - its leaves are larger, juicier and more tender.

Moreover, she will wonderful decoration beds or flower beds - its varieties have leaves of yellow, green, and various shades of red.

Source To extend the period of obtaining green quinoa, it should be sown at intervals of two weeks, starting from April to August.

Quinoa is quite unpretentious to soils and easily tolerates cold and heat, but to obtain a better harvest it is necessary to sow it on fertile soils, and provide irrigation during dry periods. Young shoots do not have a pronounced taste and smell, so when preparing dishes, a lot of herbs, spices, onions, and garlic are added to it.

Quinoa is added to salads, borscht and soups, made into cutlets, pie filling, pancakes, pancakes; also dried, ground into powder and then placed in dough, first and second courses. To get rid of the saponins contained in quinoa as much as possible, it must be thoroughly washed before cooking.

Young quinoa, like sorrel and spinach, can be used to make an excellent filling for pies, pies, and pancakes. To do this, take a bunch of quinoa, rinse it thoroughly, cut it, add salt, green onions, dill, boiled eggs.

Pleasant-tasting and healthy cutlets are made from quinoa and oatmeal: boil 150-200 g of quinoa leaves in salted water for ten minutes, drain in a colander, add 50 g of oatmeal, herbs and spices to taste, form cutlets, fry in vegetable oil .

Attention! Despite all the usefulness of quinoa, it should be remembered that excessive consumption of seeds can cause gastrointestinal upset. It is also not recommended to eat quinoa greens in large quantities for people suffering from gastritis, colitis, stomach or duodenal ulcers, cholelithiasis and urolithiasis.

Lyudmila Belan

Source: http://sadovodka.ru/posts/7243-lebeda-razve-ona-beda.html

Garden quinoa

For the vast majority of gardeners, the word “quinoa” means the mortal enemy of the garden, no matter what is written after this terrible word. This name really shocks everyone.

Yes, this is understandable, because in the minds of gardeners and gardeners, quinoa is in the first row of the most malicious weeds next to wheatgrass, sow thistle, dandelion, wormwood, although in lean and war years it, along with nettles, more than once saved our ancestors from starvation.

And if you don’t get rid of the quinoa in time, then you won’t find any other seedlings in the garden bed.

But now we are talking about a vegetable crop that deserves the widest distribution. The quinoa genus is very numerous, with a large number of species. But these are all weeds.

No wonder in the old days they said: “Sow thistle and quinoa are a disaster for crops.”

Only one plant from this genus has been introduced into cultivation - garden quinoa, which has two varieties: salad form with green and yellow leaves and a decorative form with blood-red leaves.

Garden quinoa – annual herbaceous plant from the goosefoot family, a cultural form of the familiar quinoa. This is a very rare vegetable crop in amateur gardens and vegetable gardens.

Like a vegetable cultivated plant garden quinoa was known back in Ancient Greece And Ancient Rome. Currently widely cultivated in countries Western Europe and in the USA.

Garden quinoa is a very tall and powerful plant. Its stem is erect, pyramidal in shape, up to 1.8 meters high. The leaves are triangular, spear-shaped at the base, jagged, yellow or green in color.

Decorative forms of garden quinoa have red, yellow or variegated leaves. The flowers are very small, collected in bunches into spike-shaped inflorescences.

Garden quinoa seeds are small, covered with a hard shell, which is why they remain in the soil for a long time without germinating.

Now many varieties of this plant are known, but garden red, garden yellow and garden green are in greatest demand.

Garden quinoa is a very cold-resistant plant, tolerates frosts down to minus 5°C. The most favorable temperature for plant development is 15-18°C.

Garden quinoa is not demanding on soil fertility, but it is very demanding on soil moisture, and at the same time it can withstand short-term drought well.

But in this case, the quinoa quickly forms a flowering stem, its leaves become coarse and become unsuitable for food.

It is necessary to place the beds with quinoa in a bright place, although it tolerates light partial shade. Delicate, tasty greens can only be obtained if the soil is sufficiently supplied with moisture.
They eat juicy greens that have a salty taste.

Having virtually no odor, when adding onions, peppers, garlic, and spicy herbs, it is an ideal ingredient for preparing a wide variety of salads, side dishes, and various soups, while simultaneously enriching them with protein. They also make delicious cutlets from it.

In Western European countries, quinoa greens are widely used as a winter vitamin seasoning for first and second courses, sauces, and gravies. To do this, the prepared leaves must be dried and ground into powder.

Garden quinoa leaves have a rich chemical composition. They contain plant proteins and various mineral salts, are rich in vitamin C - up to 95 mg%, rutin - up to 110 mg%.

They contain significantly less oxalic acid than the famous spinach. And in terms of yield, garden quinoa is far superior to spinach, and it accumulates nitrates significantly less than spinach.

She is believed to have therapeutic effect for stomach diseases.

Any cultivated soil is suitable for its cultivation. However good harvest Tender greens can only be obtained in well-prepared beds with constant watering. It is very profitable to grow it as a very early green in a greenhouse.

The soil for garden quinoa is prepared in the fall: it is dug to a bayonet depth, first adding half a bucket of rotted compost per 1 sq.m, 1 tbsp. a spoonful of superphosphate and 1 teaspoon of potassium fertilizer. In the spring, as soon as the soil allows, it is dug up again to a depth of 12-15 cm, adding 1 teaspoon of ammonium nitrate per 1 sq.m.

Garden quinoa is cultivated by sowing seeds in open ground With early spring, as soon as the soil allows, and then two weeks before the onset of hot weather. In conditions of short daylight hours flowering occurs later, and the yield of green mass is higher.

In gardens and vegetable gardens, garden quinoa is sown in rows with a row spacing of 35-40 cm. The seeds are planted to a depth of 2-3 cm. After sowing, the soil must be rolled. And if you are going to use quinoa only as an early spring salad plant, then the seeds can be sown in the garden simply in bulk.

To obtain fresh greens throughout the summer, repeat sowings are done every 12-15 days.
Caring for plants involves loosening the rows and removing weeds.

In the phase of two true leaves, the seedlings are thinned out, leaving a distance of 15-20 cm between the young plants, and after another 10 days this distance is increased to 30 cm.

Plant feeding is carried out on poorly prepared soil after thinning with nitrogen fertilizers (1 teaspoon of urea per 10 liters of water). During dry periods, plants are watered.

During the growing season, quinoa greens are picked for food 2-3 times, cutting off the leaves and tops of the plants, leaving some of the leaves for the development of the plant. You can also cut off the plants entirely or uproot them when they reach a height of 40 cm. In the area freed up in this case, you can re-sow vegetable plants.

Harvested quinoa leaves are used fresh or cooked, much in the same way as lettuce and spinach. Moreover, it must be used as soon as possible, because... The products wither rather quickly and lose their presentation.
To obtain seeds, the seed bush is not touched until autumn. To prevent the shoots from falling, they must be tied to a support. In autumn, seed plants are cut and threshed.

Garden quinoa, like all its wild “relatives,” is prone to self-sowing. But this should not be allowed, as it greatly clogs the area.

V.A. Loiko

Source: https://fermer.ru/sovet/rastenievodstvo/31362

Quinoa is not a problem | You are healthy

As a child, I was often sent to help my great-grandmother, and since she always kept cattle, the main help was caring for her.

I was offended to tears if my great-grandmother handed me a huge drag basket right from the doorstep, in which they collected goose grass (quinoa). I took the basket and went to the collective farm fields, where there was a lot of quinoa.

To fill the basket, I had to fight with the grass for several hours.

I was not many years old then, and sometimes I had to grab the plant with both hands and almost lie down on the ground to pull it out. I came home dirty from head to toe.

My great-grandmother, grumbling, washed me, sat me down at a huge table on which the samovar was making noise, and said: “ Quinoa - no problem“There is no worse misfortune when there is no bread or quinoa.”

And again, once again, she began her story about the hungry years, about how they only survived then thanks to the swan.

After tea, the great-grandmother pulled the basket of quinoa towards her and sorted it into two piles - one for herself, the other for the cattle. They dried only part of the quinoa, the rest was given to livestock feed, they made salads, cooked soups with it, and even baked bread, pies and shangi.

My great-grandmother believed that quinoa gave great strength to humans and animals. And that it is precisely in her that the secret is that the cow always gives birth to healthy calves, for which the great-grandmother always had a long line, because they all always survived and quickly gained weight. Great-grandmother said that there is no disease that quinoa cannot cope with.

Quinoa leaves are rich in protein, in which scientists have discovered 17 amino acids, 10 of which are irreplaceable for our body and can only enter the body with food.

Maybe this is precisely the ability of this plant treat impotence, radiculitis, gout, sore throat, heart and lung diseases, tumors, purulent wounds and rejuvenate the body's cells.

Quinoa can even improve memory And get rid of depression, but it must be used with great caution.

Contraindications

Quinoa is on the list of the most common allergen plants, so treatment with this plant or eating it should begin with small doses, always take a break between courses and not exceed the dose during treatment. Long-term use of quinoa seeds may cause nervous disorders, and continuous consumption of any parts of the plant threatens severe weight loss and gastrointestinal upset. So everything should be in moderation!

Wounds

Quinoa heals well both fresh and old purulent wounds.

My grandmother told me that when men unfit for service and sent home to die began to return from the war, this herb saved many and some even completely recovered. I remember well my grandmother’s brother-in-law, who lost his leg in the war.

My grandmother said that when he was brought in he was already very bad. The stump was severely inflamed, the man rarely came to his senses and recognized almost no one. The grandmother washed the stump with boiled water, crushed the quinoa and applied it to the wound. We tried to change the bandage as often as possible.

In addition, the grandmother poured one tablespoon of crushed fresh grass with one glass of spring water and told the man to drink only this water when he came to his senses, until his condition improved.

The man’s brother brought a local paramedic, who, after examining the patient, said that there was no chance of survival.

My grandmother said that she also doubted it at first, but on the third day she announced to everyone that the man would rise, and forced them not to stop changing the quinoa bandage. The man really rose up and lived to a ripe old age.

As children, we often ran to him with the neighbor kids, and he, sitting on a bench, cut out whistles for us and told us fairy tales.

Gout

Pour 100 ml of boiling water over two tablespoons of dry crushed quinoa, bring to a boil and simmer over low heat for 15 minutes. Cool, strain and add boiling water to the original volume. Take one tablespoon three times a day before meals. The course of treatment is seven days, then take a week break and, if necessary, repeat the course.

Worms

Since I was three years old, I have been in love with my grandmother’s neighbor’s son, Vovka. It didn’t bother me at all that he was 16 years older than me, and I revolved around him all day. When he got married, I had not yet gone to school, and for me this news became a real tragedy, which my childish mind could not accept.

His wife immediately disliked me and forbade me to come to them. Everything changed when their son turned two years old. He suddenly fell ill, and doctors could not diagnose him. He was getting worse, the boy stopped talking and walking. When they took him outside, I saw how bad he was.

He lay in a stroller and looked at one point, and on his small, emaciated face there were huge bruises under his eyes. Grandma, noticing that I was standing for a long time near the stroller with the baby, decided to see what interested me so much. Seeing the child, she didn’t even say a word, she waved her hands and went into the house.

The grandmother brought out a jar with some green liquid and ordered to give the baby one teaspoon three times a day.

When the child began to recover on the third day, Vovka came to see us. He asked his grandmother what the baby was sick with and how she managed to cure him.

The grandmother explained to him that there was no illness at all, that the child was being eaten from the inside by a worm, and simply that he had worms.

And if treatment had been started earlier, there would not have been such consequences; the child was greatly weakened, and now he needs long time for restoration.

From that day on, the doors of Vovkin’s house became open for me even at night, and his son did not leave me a single step when I was visiting my grandmother.

Radiculitis

For radiculitis Pour boiling water over fresh quinoa and apply a compress to the sore spot. It is better to do the procedure at night and repeat until the condition improves.

Angina

I only suffered from purulent tonsillitis three times in my life, but each time I suffered the disease very hard and the treatment was delayed for several months.

Last time purulent sore throat overtook me when I came to visit my grandmother.

For treatment, she poured five tablespoons of dry crushed quinoa herb with one glass of boiling water, left for an hour, strained and added boiling water to the original volume.

I gargled with this infusion every hour, using half a glass per procedure. In the morning and evening, my grandmother gave me a glass of hot milk, to which she added one teaspoon of quinoa juice and honey.

I completely recovered in two days, although before that I had been suffering from purulent sore throat for three months, two of which I practically did not get out of bed.

After my grandmother’s treatment, I never had such a severe sore throat again, although almost 30 years have passed.

Haemorrhoids

Finely chop fresh quinoa leaves and apply for 15 minutes to the problem area. Repeat the procedure 2-3 times a day until the condition improves. You can make lotions with an infusion of dry herbs.

To prepare the infusion, pour five to six tablespoons of dry crushed quinoa herb with a glass of boiling water, leave for one hour and strain. Apply a lotion to the problem area for 15-20 minutes half an hour before bedtime.

Carry out the procedure once a day until the condition improves.

Mastitis

Even with advanced mastitis There is a wonderful remedy that helps you avoid surgery and make a full recovery. To prepare it, you need to pick about one kilogram of quinoa, rinse it in cold water and dry.

Buy half a kilo of old lard (the yellower the better), remove the salt from it and grind it together with quinoa in a blender. Apply the mixture in a thin layer on a paper diaper or towel, wrap the chest and secure with a scarf or towel.

Change the bandage once a day until the condition improves.

Dry cough

For a dry cough, my grandmother poured one teaspoon of dry crushed quinoa with one glass of boiling water, left for five minutes and added honey. I took the infusion 3 times a day until the sputum began to leave.

Ekaterina Zarudnaya, herbalist, Arkhangelsk region

town "Travinka" No. 7, 2015