Do-it-yourself frame house construction technology. Stages of building a frame house - what you need to know

Frame construction technology combines houses that are based on a frame - a rigid structure made of wood or metal. The main advantage of such buildings is the speed of construction. They are suitable for any soil and climate. The light weight of the structure is a reason to save money by making a shallow foundation. If you are still in doubt whether it is worth building a frame house or whether it is better to give preference to a stone one, study the features of the technology, types of construction, advantages and disadvantages.

Types of frame houses

According to classical technology, a frame is first assembled from the upper and lower frames, vertical racks and cross beams, then they sheathe it sheet materials, insulate, do. The insulation is mounted vertically in the gaps between the racks. The pitch of the racks is made slightly less than the width of the insulation sheets to ensure a tight fit without gaps.

There are several types of frame houses:

1. Houses made of SIP panels (Canadian).
2. Technology "Platform".
3. Frame-by German technology.
4. Frame-framed, including half-timbered.
5. Frame houses with.

Houses made from SIP panels - the experience of Canadian builders

SIP panels or sandwich panels - ready-made shields small size with insulation inside, which are used for floors and walls. Polystyrene is usually used as insulation; it is glued between two sheets of OSB and pressed. OSB is an oriented strand board, a mixture of chips and shavings, glued with resins.

The insulation layer is slightly shorter than the slabs; this recess is needed for fastening to the timber. To connect the panels, the tongue-and-groove principle is used; the joints are foamed before installation. polyurethane foam. The edge panel is attached to the floor joists or frame beams.

SIP panels are produced in the factory, this speeds up the assembly of the house on site. The technology is widely used in Canada and the USA, so houses built with its help are often called "Canadian".

Flaws: the project must include a system forced ventilation, otherwise condensation will form. The use of ready-made factory panels is much more expensive than conventional insulation and installation of OSB.

Technology "Platform" - assembly of walls on the floor

Wall panels are assembled in a horizontal position on the floor plane, which serves as a platform, and then raised. Sometimes the sheathing is also attached while the shield is lying down. To prevent the frame from warping, they make jibs - additional inclined supports.

The jibs are cut at an angle into the upper and lower trims and nailed to each vertical post for strength. If the walls are made of slab material, then the structure turns out to be quite rigid, then the jibs are installed temporarily and then removed. The panels for the second floor are assembled on the ceiling. This “layer-by-layer” assembly allows you to do without scaffolding.

Frame-panel houses using German technology - practicality and energy efficiency

The German version of frame-panel houses - record construction times and ready-made wall panels. Large panels are completely assembled at the factory and delivered to the construction site with windows, cladding, and even utility lines installed.

However, the size of the panels requires powerful equipment for transportation, which is not able to drive and turn around everywhere. Another drawback is the difficulty of controlling the quality of panels on the part of the customer during their production at the plant.

The advantages of such houses, in addition to rapid construction, include energy efficiency. Practical Germans take into account the costs not only of construction, but also of future operation. If the winter turns out to be frosty, then the cost of heating country house will result in a significant amount, so the building must “keep” heat well.

Frame and half-timbered houses - installation of insulation in the “frame”

The frame-frame method is the construction of a frame from timber and boards that form a “frame” for installing sheathing and insulation. When performing interior decoration, it is possible to hide communications in the walls, but this also turns out to be a disadvantage if remodeling is required later. “Comes to the foreground” human factor", since there are no ready-made shields, it is completely assembled by hand.

Half-timbered houses features a characteristic frame with inclined beams, which is visible from the outside and highlighted in color. The tradition of half-timbering comes from the Middle Ages, but then the space between the beams was filled with stone and clay, and today houses in this style are characterized by large areas of glazing.

The main load falls on the frame, to which the inclined elements impart rigidity, so glass is used to fill the space between the beams without fear that it will burst.

Glued laminated timber is usually used for the frame; it does not deform or crack. The thickness of the beam depends on the requirements for the thickness of the heat-protective layer.

Fachwerk has all the advantages frame house: low specific gravity, no shrinkage, but plus this - original appearance. However, aesthetic appeal has reverse side: development individual project in this style it is more expensive than for a traditional “frame”.

Frame houses with DOK

The use of a double volumetric frame eliminates cold bridges and allows the construction warm houses For year-round residence up to 5 floors high. The vertical posts are staggered and staggered. The insulation is laid in two layers, completely eliminating the gaps.

DOK - a frame of increased strength, allows you to increase the load on the floors. Technology makes it possible to design houses with complex configurations.

Frame house design

Construction of a house by frame technology much like constructor assembly. What is included in this “constructor” and how to assemble it correctly?

Main components of a frame house

Its reliability and strength depend on how well the components of a frame house are designed and executed. If the frame components comply with SNiP, then the house will withstand any snow and wind load and will last for many years with proper operation. Nodes are divided into constructive and auxiliary.

Structural units:

• fastening harnesses;
• places where the jibs are inserted;
• strength elements of door and window openings;
• floor units;
• roof frame.

Frame house assembled using nails, the strapping is attached to the foundation with anchors. At the joints of joists, corners between walls, door and window openings it is necessary to strictly adhere to the technology, since it is not always possible to eliminate shortcomings after completion of construction.

Building angle

Proper connection of the trim elements and fastening of the corner posts is important to ensure strength and prevent cold bridges. For the bottom trim, a beam connected “in half a tree” is used. To fix the racks, jibs are installed. When installing vertical posts, be sure to check the angle values.

Foundation

The technology of a frame house allows the use of shallow-depth strip or columnar. However, the choice of the type and structure of the foundation depends not only on the design of the house, but also on climate zone, level groundwater, freezing depth, relief, soil type.

Heaving soils expand and swell when they freeze, weak soils “shift” under strong pressure. Before construction begins, soil samples should be taken to determine whether it can serve as a foundation for a foundation. Loose soils are strengthened or partially removed.

The construction of the foundation begins from the base - the site is leveled, cleared of turf, then trenches are dug or a cushion of crushed stone is prepared, depending on the soil.

Heaving soils are found in all regions middle zone Russia. The moisture in the soil freezes, the soil increases in volume and “pushes out” the supports. In this case, the foundation should be below the freezing level or located closer to the surface - a shallow type.

Another problem is seasonality. Pouring concrete is done at above-zero temperatures, but builders also work in winter, and at this time clients are usually offered discounts. In order not to depend on the time of year, choose pile-screw foundation . Hollow piles are screwed into the soil and the cavities are filled with concrete. The advantage of this method is that air circulates freely in the base part, this protects the wood from rotting.

If the choice fell on a pile-screw foundation, it is recommended to do a test “screwing in” to find out where the solid soil begins and at what depth to install the piles.

Slab foundations are reliable, but expensive and require more time, so they are not widely used.

Types of frame: wood or metal

Traditionally, the frame is made of wood: timber 100x100 mm and edged board. If planned attic floor, then to increase the strength of the structure, the thickness of the beam increases.

The use of a frame made of galvanized, corrosion-resistant metal thermoprofile increases the life of the house. Perforation holes make the profile light, so the structure is light in weight, but the frame is not afraid of rotting and fires. The main difficulty in working with a thermal profile is sealing; if construction rules are not followed, there will be unnecessary heat loss.

Roof and roofing materials

The roof structure is designed taking into account snow and wind loads, and the choice of roofing materials depends on the customer’s budget, roof slope, and permissible load.

Main types of roofs:

• gable;
• hip;
• attic.

Popular roofing materials:

• asbestos cement slate;
• Sheet steel;
• metal tiles;
• ondulin (bitumen slate).

Advantages and disadvantages of frame technology

Frame construction technology cannot be called ideal; it has not only advantages, but also negative aspects.

Advantages of prefabricated houses

1. Construction time is the main, and often decisive, argument for the customer. Once the foundation has hardened, the simple project is assembled in two weeks. Construction of a large house with a complex architectural design takes several months.
2. Materials used in frame construction: laminated veneer lumber, boards, OSB boards, SIP panels, do not deform from changes in humidity. You can immediately begin finishing.
3. Savings at all stages: lightweight foundation, low transport costs, inexpensive materials and installation.
4. Use of shallow foundations.
5. Possibility of construction on difficult soils.
6. Modern insulation provides good thermal insulation and allow you to live in a frame house all year round.
7. All-season construction work.
8. It is allowed to lay communications in wall cavities.

Disadvantages and weaknesses

1. The main disadvantage is the short service life, 50-80 years. However, any wooden building needs to be repaired; with proper care, the house will last longer.
2. Frame houses are low-rise. An exception is projects with a frame made of metal profiles. With a wooden frame, it is not recommended to have three floors, but an attic is quite acceptable.
3. Redevelopment in panel houses impossible, but in frame-and-frame construction it depends on the project: some walls are removed if they are not load-bearing. But the issue must be agreed upon with the authors of the project.
4. Low sound insulation.
5. If polystyrene foam is used as insulation, the house may be damaged by rodents.
6. Low fire safety is a relative disadvantage. There are insulation materials that are resistant to fire, for example, basalt wool. The wooden parts of the structure are treated with protective compounds.

Video: how to build a frame house

This video quickly shows all the stages of building a house using frame technology.

Everyone who is going to build or is just thinking about it is concerned about one sensitive issue - the cost of the project. You can endlessly select building materials to reduce the cost of construction, but in the end you will get a structure made from materials Low quality, which may affect the reliability of the design. And you won’t save much money, because it’s much more difficult to work with such materials, and builders will demand higher payments. But there is a solution, you need to build a frame house with your own hands. The step-by-step instructions given in this article will help you understand all the nuances of this topic.

Read in the article

Everything about a do-it-yourself frame house. Step-by-step instructions, photo examples and recommendations

Building a house is a very labor-intensive and time-consuming task. Here you cannot neglect the little things or skimp on materials, make false calculations or underestimate the importance load-bearing structures. This also applies to frame house construction, but there are several parameters that put such buildings a step higher than houses with reinforcement and masonry, namely:

• low cost of construction;
• increased heat transfer;
• fast construction;

• environmentally friendly materials;
• lightweight design.

To understand how to build such a house, the stages of work are given below.

Preparing the site for the foundation

The layout of the site for building a house is organized based on the location of the site, depth, evenness of the surface and those planned near the future building. To make it easier to perceive information, the actions will be described in a table with photographs based on a columnar structure.

Type of work	Required action	Execution method	Illustration
Location determination	Plan the exact location of the house, taking into account all distances to other objects	Using a tape measure, measure all sides of the plan and write them down on paper
Drawing	Create a small copy of the foundation layout	Using a ruler and pencil, draw the boundaries of the foundation indicating all dimensions of length, width and trench sizes in millimeters
Land marking	Transfer drawing data to site	Using pegs and a cord, organize the marking of the area for the future
Digging trenches	Dig trenches according to the dimensions in the drawing	You can dig trenches using a mini excavator or by hand. The width is adjusted according to the tensioned cords, and the depth is determined depending on total area buildings and number of floors
Marking for pillars	Determine the distance between the foundation pillars	In the trench you need to mark the places where the recesses for the pillars will be dug
Drilling wells for piles	Dig wells suitable for the diameter and height of the pillars	Using a drill or shovel, all holes are dug at the places where they are marked in the trench

Note! Preparatory work also includes completely leveling the site around the perimeter and filling in all recesses, if any. In the case of loose soil, dense compaction of all trenches and wells will not hurt.

Laying a columnar foundation with your own hands for a frame house

There are several ways to organize a columnar structure, each of which has its own technological subtleties.

1. Laying the foundation using asbestos or metal pipes. After fully marking the site according to the project, in the places where the piles will stand, wells with a diameter of 20 centimeters and a depth of 50 centimeters are drilled. After this, pipes are installed of such length that the top edge is 30 cm above the ground. Next, you need to fill inner part pipes, having previously inserted them into them so that it sticks up 15 cm. After pouring, you need to raise the piles by 10-15 cm so that a concrete pad is formed under them. The pipes should be filled so that there is 10 cm of empty space left to the top. The soil that you got from the well must be poured around the pillars and compacted. After installing the columns, it should take about two days for it to harden well and be able to continue working on the foundation. The next stage involves installing the bars perpendicular to the pillars. They are attached to anchors sticking out of the pipes. The size of the timber, which also serves as a frame for the future floor, should start from 150x150 mm. Regarding the principle of location along the perimeter, it should be noted that the columns should be located under all walls and partitions, since these places have the greatest load. The distance between piles must be at least 1.5 meters.

   

2. Columnar foundation with elements. In this case, things are a little more complicated. Here you will need formwork, imported concrete, etc. First of all, you need to mark the plane according to the documentation. Then, using an excavator or shovel, dig trenches; their dimensions will be 30 cm wide and 40 cm deep. Next, the places inside the trench for the piles are marked, the hole size is 20 cm wide, 20 cm long and 1.5 meters deep. After earthworks comes . Pieces equal to the length of each trench are cut. The frame must have four identical rods on which clamps are attached square shape, in increments of 20 cm. The parts are fastened using a knitting wire and a special hook. The size of the frames for such trenches should be 30×30 cm. For piles, frames are also knitted using the same technology, but their size should be 15×15 cm, and the length, taking into account the fact that the end of the reinforcement is located inside the trench frame, means plus 30 cm. When the entire structure is assembled, you need to install formwork along the entire perimeter of the trenches so that the height of the foundation is at least 50 centimeters. Formwork is made from boards that are knocked down required sizes into shields. They are placed along the edges of the trenches and reinforced with spacers, tied with wire and fixed with supports with outside so that the boards do not burst apart when . The prepared form for the foundation is filled with concrete brought by special mixer machines or you make it yourself using a concrete mixer. After several days, the formwork is removed, all sides of the foundation that are above the ground are lubricated with resin, and the top is covered with roofing felt. A 150×150 beam is laid on roofing felt and attached to the concrete.

Note! When constructing a columnar foundation, a basement or cellar is not provided under it. The implementation of such a construction is very labor-intensive and requires additional manipulations in the form of filling the space between the pillars, digging a pit and concreting the entire surface of the basement.

The latest technologies for building frame houses step by step with your own hands + photos

Any construction of a house begins with, which takes into account all the dimensions of the elements and their placement. It is better to order a frame house project from professionals, because without a proper string of knowledge in this area, it will be difficult for you to draw everything correctly.

Now you have a project and a ready foundation, you can start building a house. Below we will describe how to build a 6x6 frame house with your own hands, step-by-step instructions and illustrations.

Floor assembly

Façade cladding and interior work

To fully create a frame-panel house with your own hands, you need to sheathe all the walls. Most suitable material for external cladding - these are OSB boards (moisture resistant). The sheets are screwed so that there are no gaps left. Inside the house you can use it, which is also fixed with self-tapping screws. After this, the walls are decorated either or.

Do-it-yourself method for insulating frame houses step by step + instructions

It can be done from the inside, but it is more convenient and practical to do it on the facade. Most popular material for such work it is polystyrene foam.

• The first sheet is glued from any bottom corner, to fix it to the OSB, liquid nails or special umbrellas are used.
• When all the foam is glued, you need to tighten it with a mesh, coating it.
• After the glue has hardened, you can make finishing decorations, for example, paint over it.

Ready-made solutions for turnkey frame houses

When a person does not want to know how to make a frame house with his own hands, he can resort to purchasing ready-made solutions.

House price table

Image	Name	House dimensions	Number of floors	Cost, rub.
	Reference	7x8	2	893 000
	Forester	6x8	1	432 000
	Lukomorye	8x8	2	764 000
	Premier	9x10	2	1 010 000
	Brig	4x6	1	372 000
	Giant	9x10	2	1 325 000

conclusions

The principle of building a frame house with your own hands ( step by step instructions presented in the article) is not that complicated, the main thing is to follow all technological processes. This building is very warm and comfortable, wood creates a cozy atmosphere, complement it with a fireplace and you will have the best housing in the world!

It has long been known that frame construction is the fastest and most economical construction option. wooden house. Frame houses have several varieties, namely:

frame-panel;

• frame.

The technology for constructing a frame house, depending on the insulation used and the structure used, is divided into Finnish and Canadian. The basis of any frame construction a wooden frame is laid with insulation inserted into it, which is most often fire-resistant mineral wool. The house is covered with siding, clapboard, imitation timber and other materials. Thanks to its lightweight and durable construction, a frame house can become an object for implementation design ideas home decoration.

What you need to know about frame houses

Before erecting the walls of a frame house, it is necessary to decide on the purpose of its use: it will be a temporary home ( country house) or a home for permanent residence. The structure itself is a combination of vertical posts and horizontal frames. The building can be assembled block by block from ready-made panel walls, or a three-dimensional “skeleton” of the building can be erected on a ready-made foundation, and then sheathed with sheet material.

The decision to build a frame-panel house with your own hands will allow you to significantly save on building materials And earthworks. In addition, such houses have significant advantages: structural strength, in the shortest possible time construction and low cost of materials. Production roof trusses And wall panels It is made from dried lumber, which completely eliminates possible shrinkage of the structure.

On a note: Work on the construction of a frame building can be carried out all year round, since there are no “wet processes” during the assembly process.

When building a house, you should take into account that a typical “pie” wall of a frame house does not have a ventilation gap. This entails the formation of condensation under the skin due to temperature changes, which in turn leads to damage to the wood. To avoid this, you can install an additional frame, which will increase the overall size, but will also reduce possible costs for reconstruction and renovation of the house in the future.

Choosing a foundation for a frame house

When laying the first stone of a future home, you need to be 100% confident in the strength and reliability of the building. That is why the choice of foundation should be approached very carefully. So which one should you choose? There are several options suitable for the power of the future home and the geological conditions of the site.

Strip foundation – best option subject to dense soils and shallow freezing of the ground. Suitable for one-story construction, has a uniform draft, high reliability, at the same time labor-intensive and materially expensive.

Columnar foundation - made of concrete, brick, wood. Suitable for all types of frame houses, durable with minimal investment.

Pile foundation - used if there is a layer of silt or peat in the soil layers. Screw metal piles can support the weight of a two-story frame building. It is the most economical option of all listed.

A monolithic slab is the most expensive foundation option, which also serves as the ceiling of the first floor of the house. There is a high probability that the slab may tilt the house, so this issue is resolved when designing and studying the soil of the site.

On a note: Due to the fact that a frame house is light in weight, material costs, time and effort for laying the foundation can be successfully reduced.

Is it necessary to insulate a frame house?

Comfortable living implies the warmth and coziness of a home, which is why insulation of a frame house is considered the most important stage its construction. Thermal insulation of walls not only prevents the penetration of cold into the room in winter, but also serves as protection from heat in summer. The technology for insulating the walls of a frame house consists of laying a layer of insulation between the frame posts.

The following types of insulation exist:

Mineral wool is the most common material for insulation. Available in the form of slabs and rolls, it has excellent sound and heat insulation. It is toxic and does not tolerate moisture well, as a result of which it must be used in conjunction with additional waterproofing.

Ecowool – natural material, which includes shredded newsprint soaked in salts boric acid. Non-toxic, quickly installed, however, the installation itself requires the involvement of specialists.

Polystyrene foam is lightweight and cheap material, does not absorb moisture, and therefore does not require additional moisture-proof membranes. The disadvantage is flammability, which releases toxins, and poor sound insulation.

Polyurethane foam is a liquid component that is applied to the surface of the walls through a sprayer, foams and hardens, thereby providing good thermal insulation. It is non-flammable and non-toxic, and has a high cost compared to other insulation technologies.

On a note: When insulating with mineral wool, preference should be given, and it must be laid in layers of 50 mm with an overlap in order to prevent the penetration of cold.

Vapor barrier of walls - a whim or a necessity?

In order to avoid water vapor getting inside the insulation, which entails its damage and loss of heat-insulating properties, a vapor barrier is installed on the walls of the frame house. The vapor barrier membrane has a multilayer porous structure, which ensures air circulation not only through doors and windows, but also through walls.

The membrane has a smooth surface on one side and a rough surface on the other. Moisture settling on the rough side gradually evaporates, preventing the formation of mold and mildew inside the wall. It should be remembered that the installation of the membrane is carried out with the smooth side facing the insulation, and the rough side inside the room.

On a note: The vapor barrier membrane should be glued with special tape, avoiding the formation of tears and folds. Otherwise, the insulation will become unusable after 2-3 seasons.

Materials for exterior home decoration

It not only serves as the “face” of the house, but at the same time protects it from bad weather. The exterior of a frame house is finished using a variety of materials, the main ones being:

Siding is an affordable, durable and aesthetically attractive material that protects the walls of a house from snow, wind and rain. Currently, many types of siding have appeared - steel, wood, cement, vinyl. Fastening is carried out on a wooden sheathing and can be done on our own.

Decorative brick or stone - create the illusion of a stone cottage. A huge selection of various colors and textures allows you to turn a frame house into a work of art. The disadvantage is the weight of the structure and the high cost of materials.

Block house – high quality and economical option finishing of the house, reliably protecting it from bad weather. Self-installation allows you to significantly reduce the cost of facing work.

On a note: If desired, you can combine various methods of decorating the facade, which will help give the building additional respectability, maximum security, as well as visually lighten, or vice versa, add volume to the structure.

The technology for constructing a frame house makes it possible to erect a building of this type within a period of 2 to 5 months, and weather conditions do not affect the construction. Frame houses maintain indoor temperature 2 times longer than houses made of blocks or bricks. However, in Russia they have not yet received due demand due to the insufficient number of professionals in this field.

Frame house construction technology video:

Over the past few years, the construction market has been flooded with so-called frame houses, which are erected weekly in huge numbers both by companies and with their own hands. The reason for such love for “frameworks” lies in the ease of construction and the pace of construction. Phased construction frame house allows you to install a full-fledged residential building in one season, which will look quite presentable, and have an attractive price and cost-effectiveness in maintenance. The technology is easy to understand and implement with your own hands.

What is the essence of construction

As the name implies, the technology consists of forming a kind of frame made of wood (boards or timber) or metal, with gradual, step-by-step covering of it with layers of films, membranes, insulation, etc. This multi-layer wall construction makes it possible to achieve good thermal characteristics with fairly thin walls.

What materials form the wall?

• mineral wool insulation
• insulation foam sheets
• waterproofing in the form of a film or membrane
• vapor barrier in the form of a diffusion membrane
• OSB sheets
• external and internal finishing

When constructing the building frame, do not forget to make openings for windows. They must be strengthened with crossbars that take the load and distribute it evenly to the foundation. Read more about inserting windows.

After erecting the walls, it is necessary to proceed to the next stage.

Third stage of construction: roofing

Even while designing your house, you should have decided what type of roof will crown your building. Most often they choose for frame houses gable roof, however, single-pitched ones are also in demand due to the ease of DIY installation, simplicity of design and lower price.

The construction of the roof begins with the rafter system. Rafter system- This is the main frame of the roof. The rafter system consists of the following elements:

• Mauerlat
• rafter legs
• racks
• runs
• puff
• sill
• struts
• sheathing

When the roof frame is completed, it is necessary to insulate it. The roof filling consists of almost the same layers as the wall. From the outside, we insulate the roof with sheets of foam plastic or mineral wool, lay down waterproofing, which we fix with lathing.

On the inside we put a layer of mineral wool or polystyrene foam if the attic space will not be residential. We fix the vapor barrier layer and cover everything with OSB boards. Covering the roof roofing materials depending on the slope of the slope and your own preferences. Remember that soft roof, which became very popular in Lately, is laid only on a plane, so the sheathing must be supplemented with OSB boards. In this case, the angle of inclination can be small - from 5 degrees.

Fourth stage of construction: floors

On the ground floor, floors are most often installed on the ground. What does it mean? The technology is as follows. We remove it initially fertile layer soil, and in its place we fill a layer of gravel. It is necessary for drainage, since moisture will seep inside and have less contact with cement screed. On the ground we make a layer of sand of 30-50 cm, depending on the height of your foundation. Carry out compaction with your own hands or using equipment. As a result, the sand layer should be located 5 cm below the foundation level to avoid cold bridges and freezing in the corners.

Next, we perform a rough screed using liquid cement. If you take cement that is a little more liquid than for constructing a foundation, you will not have to level it with tools, since under the influence of gravity the cement itself will be evenly distributed over the ground. The most important thing is that the ground is level, otherwise the liquid cement will flow into one place.

When the rough screed is dry, you can continue installing the floor. To do this, we waterproof it with a film, on top of which we lay out the floor insulation. Using a mesh, you can attach underfloor heating pipes (liquid or electric) on top of the insulation. And fill in the finishing screed.

The final part of the floor construction is flooring. These can be wooden floors, tiles, laminate, etc.

If you do not want to use cement in the construction of the floor (for example, if construction takes place in winter), the technology of constructing wooden frame floors based on logs will help you. How to arrange such a floor, see the diagram:

To set it up you need:

• board 25x100
• timber 200x200
• timber 70x195
• board 50x150
• wind protection
• insulation
• underlay and laminate or tile

You will find more information about flooring in a frame house.

Fifth stage of construction: finishing

At the fifth stage of construction, the exterior and interior decoration of the house is carried out, plumbing installation, connection of lamps, sockets, heating of the frame house and other work that will make a simple box with walls and a roof real home for housing or recreation.

Since the walls of the frame house are closed OSB boards, it will not be difficult to carry out external and internal decoration even with your own hands. About how to do external finishing and choose the right materials, you can read in our article.

Interior decoration depends primarily on the preferences of the owners of the house, and can be done using tiles, wallpaper, liquid wallpaper, plaster, in particular decorative. The walls can be painted, upholstered with clapboard, siding, ceilings whitewashed or technology used suspended ceilings. The floor can be covered with tiles, parquet, laminate. In general, there is room for your imagination to run wild.

By this time, you should already have all the pipes for installing plumbing installed (they are removed during the construction of the floors, during the rough screed), and the electrical wires should be laid out. Construction of a frame house from the first to the fifth stage takes about 3 months.

The construction of frame structures has long become extremely popular. There is nothing surprising about this. This construction method is very attractive due to its simple technology, which allows you to carry out all the work on your own, without resorting to the help of hired workers. And the materials required for construction are not too expensive and quite affordable.

However, when deciding on the type, one should not proceed from the mass of the building alone.

The location on which the building is planned to be erected must also be taken into account. If it is clayey, heavy enough, then without a thorough, monolithic foundation It's unlikely to get by. If the soil has a normal sand content, then or is quite enough.

If a homeowner has doubts about the quality of the soil for construction on his site, he can check its type and composition with a local architectural office. You should not neglect it without first making sure that you can actually do without it. The proposed construction will use natural material wood origin. Even fully processed, quality material, it is better to avoid prolonged contact with water.

There are two schemes for building a frame house:

• All activities are completely self-guided. Ready-made blocks are not used: only original building materials;
• construction of a structure from fully finished, complete blocks, which are manufactured industrially.

Let's consider the first, more democratic option

Diagram of frame house components: laying the foundation

The material for the roof is selected according to the preferences and capabilities of the construction owner. It could be roofing material, and much more. Like others installation work, installation of the frame also starts from the corners.

The ends of the roof frame are securely attached to the floor joists. The roof usually has the shape of an isosceles triangle. The distance between the rafters corresponds to the width of the material that is supposed to be used as insulation or coating.

It is convenient to assemble the roof frame on the surface of the ground, and then lift it and install it on the house.

Do-it-yourself cladding of a frame house

Covering options may vary. This and more. A durable, waterproof material is laid under the overlapping sheathing, with a margin of 20-30 cm.

The walls are covered with the selected material, then the roof, windows and doors are inserted. The floors are laid last. The boards are hemmed under the laid joists, all the gaps formed between the boards and joists are filled with insulation.

If there is such a possibility, then it is better to make the floor insulation double-layer.

First, a layer of polystyrene foam, followed by mineral wool. When all the insulation is laid out, the floorboards are laid. They are placed perpendicular to the joists. For greater evenness and smoothness of the floor, you can finish it on top OSB boards or sheets of plywood I. This is a rather complex process, so before starting work you should carefully study the technology. Who doesn't know much about construction work, you may not immediately understand what kind of nodes these are.

These are important junctions between individual structural elements buildings. The most important among them are floors, walls and roofing systems. Each of the designated main nodes in its own design also has a certain number of node connections.

Let us list them in order, from the bottom of the building to the top:

• in corner joints this is the joining of the lower trim to each other; fastening the lower frame, consisting of timber, to the foundation surface;
• installation of vertical racks: first installed corner posts, and only then the remaining ones;
• reliable fixation top harness, consisting of timber;
• connections that serve to securely fix the structure of the frame itself in both vertical and horizontal planes: this guarantees its rigidity and stability;
• fastening ceiling beams to the timber frame at the top.

Connections of the main roof elements to each other:

• top trim and ;
• the rafters themselves at the very top, in the ridge area;
• and rafters;
• rafters and counter-battens;
• rafters and battens

All designated nodes are load-bearing, as they are responsible for the reliability and strength of the entire structure. Secondary nodes should also not be overlooked; they are no less important for the stability of the structure. These are interfloor ceilings and logs. Special fasteners are used as a proven connection of individual elements of a building.