How to strengthen a ditch at the dacha. How to properly strengthen the walls of a drainage ditch How to strengthen a ditch in a country house

home

Fire safety

To drain excess water from a country house or personal plot it is necessary to create drainage system. With its help, you can protect the territory from waterlogging and buildings from destruction. One of the components of such a system are ditches. They can have different sizes (depth, width and length), but in any case their walls must be strengthened. Otherwise, the water will turn the ditches into real ravines, which will reduce the usable area of the site. How to strengthen a ditch at the dacha? This is exactly what will be discussed in the article.

Methods of strengthening

Drainage systems have existed for a long time and people have learned to strengthen their walls. There are several ways to do this. They can be divided into two types:

using scrap materials and plants;
using structures and devices made in the factory.

The walls of the ditch are strengthened using available means with slate, car tires, stones, and also by planting plants. This method is suitable for small ditches or low slope angles.

The geogrid is covered with crushed stone

Various biomats, gabions, geogrids and geogrids are used when the slope angle is more than 8-15 degrees. Also, such devices are used when arranging large-width ditches.

Each strengthening method has its pros and cons. This will be discussed later.

Available means

Reinforcement with slate

One of the simplest and most accessible ways to strengthen the walls of a drainage ditch is to use slate. In this case, you can also use used material. The main thing is that it does not contain big holes and cracks.

The technology using slate is quite simple. Sheets (whole or cut, depending on the size of the ditch) are laid tightly next to each other on the slopes of the ditch. This can be done either strictly vertically or at a slight slope. Then pieces of reinforcement or thin pipes are driven in on both sides of the sheets in a checkerboard pattern.

This method has both its advantages and disadvantages. The first include the following:

low financial costs, and if used materials are used, then you can do without investments at all;
ease of installation. All work can be done by one person.

The disadvantages of this design are its fragility. The appearance of the site itself may also suffer.

Strengthening ditch with tires scheme

Strengthening slopes using old ones looks more aesthetically pleasing car tires. In addition, this method allows you to make a structure that will last much longer than the slate version (up to several decades).

Here you can resort to two methods, depending on the available space. One involves stacking tires along the edges of a ditch. Soil is poured inside, but sand or gravel is better. For greater reliability, you can drive in metal pipes.

If space allows, it is better to lay the tires offset. Each top row is laid halfway down the bottom row. The result is a kind of ladder. Soil is poured inside and plants can be planted. This creates a beautiful slope.

Slope improvement

If the ditch is small and the slope angle is less than 8 degrees, then its walls can be strengthened with the help of plants. Small bushes or perennial herbs are planted along the edges. Their roots will reliably strengthen the walls and prevent water from washing them away and turning the ditch into a large ravine.

Special devices

For more reliable and durable strengthening of the walls of the drainage ditch, you can use special designs and devices. These include:

geo- and biomats;
geogrids;
geogrids;
gabions.

Ditch reinforced with geomats

Geomats and biomats are made in the form of a polymer sponge. With help high temperature Several polymer meshes are soldered together. This structure is impermeable to water, but at the same time allows plant germination.

Geomats

To lay such structures it is necessary to perform following works:

The slope is being prepared. All debris is removed from its surface and leveled. Then it is advisable to compact the surface. This is especially important if the site has sandy soil.
The material is supplied in rolls, so installation begins from the top. The geomat (or biomat) is laid at the top of the slope, the edge is secured;
Then the roll is rolled out to the base of the ditch and the excess is cut off.
The next row is laid in the same way and overlaps with the one already laid. The tolerance can be up to 15 cm.
Now the entire surface is covered with a small layer of soil and seeds of perennial grasses are added (if necessary or desired).

Strengthening the ditch with geogrid

Another type of material for strengthening the slopes of ditches is geogrid. It is a network of polymer material with polyester base. The geogrid is cut into the required pieces and laid on a pre-prepared slope (the surface must be cleaned, level and compacted using a hand roller). The grids are laid close to each other and fastened with anchor brackets.

Geogrid

The mesh can be covered with a layer of soil on top and plants can be planted. Herbs such as mint, periwinkle and bryozoan work well for these purposes. These herbs will use their roots to firmly hold the covering in place.

Geogrids and gabions

Laying geogrid

More powerful structures for strengthening not only the slopes, but also the bottom of the ditch are geogrids. They are made from polypropylene and polyethylene. Such products are not afraid of corrosion, they are quite durable and can last for many decades.

Before installing them, it is necessary that the drainage ditch is dry. You also need to prepare anchor fasteners, a hammer, and fine gravel.

Geogrid installation diagram

After draining the ditch, all debris (large branches, stones, etc.) and large vegetation are removed from the surface. In this case, small grass can be left in place. Then the geogrid is laid out. This must be done over the entire area of the channel; it is advisable to cut off the excess pieces immediately.

Strengthening structure with geogrid

For long service life of the geogrid, it must be properly and securely fastened. This is done using anchor brackets or hooks. They can be purchased together with the grille or made with your own hands from reinforcing bars with a diameter of 15 mm and a length of 50 to 110 cm. The fasteners are placed in a checkerboard pattern at a distance of at least 30 cm from each other.

The next step will be backfilling the geogrid. You can place sand at the bottom of the ditch (if it will rarely fill with water) or crushed stone (if drains will constantly flow in the ditch). On slopes it is better to use soil sown with grass. This way the grille will stay in place more securely.

A more expensive, but also more reliable, way to strengthen the slopes of a drainage ditch is to install gabions. In addition, such designs will look more aesthetically pleasing and respectable.

Gabions in action

Gabion represents factory product, made in the form of a parallelepiped (box). The material used is double twisted metal wire. Large stones or pebbles are placed in such “boxes”.

When producing gabions, they use more than just wire. It has a polymer coating. This protection extends the service life of the product to 70 years. At the same time, the product is not afraid of aggressive environmental influences and can withstand heavy overloads.

Gabion installation diagram

Before installing the gabion, it is necessary to prepare the slope. Since the product is large, excess soil is removed. The gabion is placed in place and filled with large stones or crushed stones. For greater reliability, you can attach a chain-link mesh to the top; it is advisable to choose it also with a polymer coating. For improvement decorative look You can place stones or pebbles on top of the mesh.

Strengthening ditch walls with gabions scheme

If you have the skills welding work And necessary equipment, then you can try to make a gabion with your own hands. Pieces of reinforcement are suitable for this. They are welded together to make a lattice. For long service life, all parts can be coated with an anti-corrosion compound.

When strengthening the slopes of drainage ditches, do not forget about the base. Here you can use sand or crushed stone, depending on the frequency of filling with water. If the ditch is small and located in a visible place, then the bottom lined with natural stones. Especially beautiful effect will work in combination with gabions.

Video

Another interesting way fortifications:

kakpravilnosdelat.ru

Strengthening the ditch: what and how to strengthen it

Quite often at country houses or garden plots drainage or ordinary ditches are located. Their slopes can be mobile and gradually move towards the bottom. In this case, the question arises of how to strengthen the ditch. The most various ways fortifications are discussed in our article. In addition, they can be used to strengthen the slopes of ravines or the banks of ponds and other bodies of water.

Driven stones are very famous, but not the most reliable way fortifications

How to choose a strengthening method depending on the angle of the slope

Deciding how to strengthen a ditch is based on the angle of inclination of the ditch slope:

Often, slopes with an angle higher than 8% require serious strengthening. It is enough to plant them with plants of horizontal and vertical action.
Slopes with a steepness of 8 to 15% are strengthened with biomats (geomat) or geogrids.
Significant slope steepness (over 15%) can only be supported by internal reinforcement methods - geogrids and gabions.

Geomats

Geomats are a polymer material with a waterproof structure. It is created by superimposing polypropylene lattices on top of each other under high temperature.

The structure of the resulting product resembles the structure of a washcloth. Thus, geomats protect the soil, and on the other hand, do not prevent plants from growing through them. Over time, plant roots intertwine with the lattice material and strengthen its structure.

Geomat structure

Laying geomats is carried out as follows:

Before strengthening the bank of the ditch, the surface of its slope is leveled and cleared of debris.
the upper edge of the first geomat is secured in the upper part of the ditch using anchor bolts.
The roll is rolled out and cut to the desired length.
Straighten the folds of the material and secure its lower part using anchor bolts.

Geomat laying scheme

The following rolls are laid alternately. In this case, it is necessary to create a longitudinal overlap of one roll on the other by approximately 15 cm.
The resulting surface is covered with a 3-5 cm layer of soil and sown with plant seeds.

Geogrids

Appearance geogrids

Geogrids are made from glass or polyester threads. The product is a mesh with cells square shape, reinforcing the surface of the slopes.

The geogrid installation process looks like this:

The surface is leveled and compacted with hand rollers.
Rolls of geogrids are distributed along the ditch at a distance corresponding to the width of one mesh web.
The rolls are rolled out manually almost end to end.
The unfolded mesh is secured with metal anchors - rods 3-5 mm in diameter, 150-200 mm long with bent upper ends every 1-1.5 m.

Drainage ditch: how to strengthen the walls with geogrid

The laid out geogrids are covered with the selected material (soil, crushed stone or stone) in small piles, which are then leveled by hand.
If the mesh is covered with soil, soil-covering plants are sown on top.

Strengthening with geogrid

What is a geogrid

Geogrid is a mesh of cells made of polyethylene and high-strength polypropylene. The principle of its operation is based on the adhesion force of its cells with the granular material with which it is subsequently filled. Such materials are crushed stone and, less commonly, plant soil. Strengthening the ditch at a summer cottage is enhanced by sowing perennial grasses on the slopes.

It is worth noting that when using ground-covering plants, the geogrid ceases to be visible over time and does not disturb the naturalness of the landscape.

Geogrid fastening process

Strengthening technology

To strengthen the drainage ditch, you need to purchase:

fine gravel or sand;
special geogrid;
fasteners for it:

special plastic device;
or ordinary reinforcement, bent in such a way that it resembles one-sided hooks.

The strengthening scheme can be supplemented with geotextiles

You can strengthen the banks of a drainage ditch with geotextiles as follows:

Preparation for strengthening. The process begins with pumping out water, if the ditch is filled with it, in order to gain access to strengthening its lower parts. There are three possible ways to implement pumping:

using natural drainage (an inclined pipe through which the drains will drain by gravity);
pumping;
self scooping.

Next, they move on to clearing the banks of the ditch or drainage, which will be strengthened. It is enough to remove large clutter - massive branches and plants, large stones, but small grass and minor debris (of plant origin) can be left.
The geogrid is spread along the entire slope of the ditch.
Then it is strengthened using the chosen fastening method (purchased fasteners or made by hand).

Mounting diagram and mounting anchor diagram

The geogrid cells are filled with reinforcing material. You should not use regular soil for this, as it will simply be washed away over time. Depending on the degree of moisture in the ditch, the following is used:

Crushed stone if the depression is filled with water. In addition, to improve the aesthetic properties, crushed stone can be replaced with any similar material, for example, river pebbles.
Sand if the ditch is dry.

Cells filled with gravel

In addition to its aesthetic function, decoration also provides additional strengthening of the banks. You can use small shrubs or seeds of special ground cover plants with abundant roots. In addition, plants will protect the soil from the occurrence of corrosive processes.

DIY gabions

What are gabions

Gabion: diagram, type of double torsion mesh, table of standard sizes

Maccaferri gabions are often used to strengthen open drainage ditches. They are a factory product made of metal mesh, made in the form of a parallelepiped, and then filled with large stone or crushed stone.

Gabions are made from galvanized wire coated with PVC to protect against chemical, corrosive and mechanical influences. The structure is able to withstand significant loads due to the use of a double-torsion mesh.

The drainage properties of the product are ensured due to its porous structure. It also eliminates hydrological loads on the slope and the removal of soil particles from it.

Gabions are a perennial structure. They have a beneficial effect on the natural ecosystem, and due to its action, their effectiveness only increases over the years. The manufacturers themselves promise a service life of up to 100 years.

Appearance of factory gabions

How to make a gabion with your own hands

The only drawback of factory gabions is their high cost. Additionally, finding a company that does retail manufacturing can also be challenging. For this reason, we suggest making them yourself:

You will need reinforcing bars with a diameter of 6 mm. The rods are welded into a rectangular structure of a suitable size.

Structural welding process

The size of the cage cells from the reinforcement is selected according to the diameter of the purchased stones, so they must be purchased in advance. So, if the average diameter of the fraction is 150 mm, then cells of 100 * 100 mm are suitable for you.
After the structure is welded, it is installed on the banks of the ditch.
The cells are then filled with purchased cobblestones.
For reliability, the homemade gabion is covered with a chain-link mesh on top.

Homemade gabions stacked on top of each other

Regular mesh netting is susceptible to rusting. This problem can be solved in one of two ways:

purchase galvanized chain-link, coated with PVC and free from such drawbacks;

fasten the chain-link in such a way that after a few years it can be replaced with a new mesh.

kanalizaciya-prosto.ru

Strengthening the walls of drainage ditches: a review of the best methods

The site on which the house is built most often needs a drainage system. This is a rather complex and by no means cheap design. The most expensive option is gasket closed system, so many people choose open. It consists of several drainage ditches connected to each other. The main problem with this design is the gradual crumbling of the slopes, which eventually “slide” to the bottom. There are many ways to strengthen the walls of drainage ditches. Let's look at them in more detail.

When choosing a method for strengthening the slopes of a ditch, you should be guided, first of all, by the angle of inclination of its walls:

Slopes with an inclination angle of less than 8° do not need strengthening. For them, planting vertical and horizontal plants will be sufficient.
Walls, the steepness of which varies from 8 to 15°, must be reinforced with geogrids or geomats.
Slopes of significant steepness with an inclination angle of more than 15° must be strengthened using methods that involve internal reinforcement. Gabions and geogrids are well suited for these purposes.

In addition to the angle of inclination of the wall, the depth of the ditch is also of great importance. If it is small, you can strengthen the slopes by driving stones into them.

The slopes of drainage ditches need strengthening. If their depth is small, you can strengthen the slopes by driving stones into them

Option #1 - 3D geogrid

Geogrid is widely used to reinforce slopes. It is produced from polymer fibers with a reinforced monofilament intertwined structure and stitched cell nodes. To increase strength, the material is additionally impregnated with polymer compounds. The root system of plants easily penetrates through the cellular covering and forms a turf layer, which allows the soil cover to be securely fixed on the slope, strengthens the slopes and increases their stability.

The geogrid is being laid in the following way:

We level and compact the walls of the ditch using a hand roller.
We lay rolls of material along the trench at a distance that corresponds to the width of the panel.
We roll out the mesh, laying the strips almost end to end.
We secure the laid material every meter and a half with anchors with bent upper ends. If in this area are not uncommon strong winds, then it is best to use U-shaped metal brackets as fastenings.
We fill the fixed geogrids with soil or decorative material. It could be stone, crushed stone, etc. Suitable plants are sown on top of the soil.

Anti-erosion geogrid is resistant to rotting, corrosion, high and low temperatures. The material is not afraid of aggressive environments, withstands high stress and does not deform. Over time it performance characteristics don't change. The geogrid limits slope deformation and ground movement. The material becomes the basis for a strong mass that can withstand heavy loads. Including frost heaving, subsidence and soil displacement. Flexible coating can be used on surfaces of any configuration.

The geogrid limits slope deformation and ground movement. It is durable, resistant to aggressive environments and rotting

Option #2 - anti-erosion geomats

Geomats are structures formed by three layers of double-oriented polypropylene lattices. The meshes are superimposed on each other and fastened together with polypropylene thread. The structure of the resulting product resembles a washcloth, which allows it to fix the soil without interfering with plant growth. Over time, the roots of vegetation entwine the grids of geomats, which makes their structure even more durable.

Geomat has a porous structure that allows the root system of plants to easily pass through the material

Material properties:

resistance to UV radiation;
complete preservation of its properties in sea and fresh water;
resistance to aggressive environments;
non-toxic;
resistance to a wide range of temperatures;
low level of smoke generation and flammability;
resistance to microorganisms.

The use of geomats allows you to preserve the natural appearance and character of the landscape. The material is quite easy to install and, if necessary, can even be placed in winter period. The process of strengthening slopes is carried out in several stages:

We level and clear the walls of the ditch from debris.
We fix the upper edge of the first roll anchor bolts at the top of the slope.
Roll out the roll to the bottom and cut off the required length.
We carefully straighten the material and secure it bottom part.
We lay the next strip of covering on top of the first with an overlap of about 15 cm.

A layer of soil 3-5 cm high is poured on top of the laid geomats, into which plant seeds are sown. Professionals recommend using this sowing scheme. Sow two thirds of the seeds on the open surface of the material, and a third on the backfilled soil. Seed consumption is about 40 g per square meter. meter.

After laying the geomats and filling them with soil, you need to sow the plants, root system which will strengthen the slopes of the trench

Option #3 - homemade gabions

Gabions are a frame made of metal mesh with hexagon-shaped cells. The structure is filled with crushed stone, pebbles or stones. This system perfectly protects the slopes from crumbling. Gabions are made from a double-twisted metal mesh coated with zinc, galfan or polyvinyl chloride. The contents of the structure are selected in such a way that the filler fraction is smaller size cells. To facilitate installation, gabions are first installed, and then filler is poured into them.

There are two types of structures: mattress-mattress and box-shaped. The former are used to cover surfaces and give them shape. Retaining structures are made from box-shaped ones. They are used to strengthen the slopes of trenches. The porous structure of the product provides the necessary drainage properties, eliminates hydrological loads on the walls of the ditch and the removal of soil from the slope. The manufacturer guarantees a long service life of the structure, it can reach one hundred years. Gabions have a beneficial effect on the natural ecosystem, and their effectiveness only increases over time.

Gabions are very aesthetic structures. They not only strengthen, but also decorate drainage structures

The disadvantage of factory designs is considered to be their high cost. However, gabions can be made independently, choosing the most suitable sizes for specific conditions. The work is carried out in several stages:

We determine the dimensions of the future structure. For small plots It is optimal to choose gabions with dimensions of 800*400*400 mm. We select the cell sizes, which should be larger than the diameter of the filler. Therefore, the latter must already be purchased.
We weld structures from rods with a diameter of 6 mm the right size rectangular shape.
We install the finished frames on the slopes of the drainage ditch.
We fill the gabions with pre-prepared filler.
We cover the top of the homemade gabion with a chain-link mesh. This way the structure will become more durable.

Chain-link mesh is susceptible to corrosion. The problem is solved in two ways. You can purchase a mesh with protection, PVC coated or galvanized. Or do the following: secure the regular mesh so that it can be easily replaced with a new one after a while.

Option #4 - volumetric geogrid

Geogrid or geocells, geocells are a geosynthetic coating, which is a three-dimensional structure made of tapes that are fastened together. During the manufacturing process of the geogrid, polyethylene tapes are welded to each other in a checkerboard pattern. The result is a reliable frame with cells of equal size.

Various fillers can be filled into geogrid cells. For “wet” ditches, pebbles or crushed stone are preferable; for dry ditches, sand is suitable

There are two types of geogrids available: with and without perforation. The first is characterized best ability to the drainage. It is this material that is recommended to be used to strengthen the walls of drainage trenches. Covering without perforation is allowed to be laid on slopes only if there is an intermediate layer of geotextile. Installation of the geogrid is carried out as follows:

We level the slopes of the trench, giving them the required form and compact the soil. If necessary, we lay geotextiles on the base.
We lay the material from top to bottom.
We stretch the geogrid and fix it with L-shaped anchors. The service life of the structure depends on the correct execution of this operation.
We fill the coating with bulk material. If the recess is filled with water, crushed stone, pebbles or any similar filler are laid. Sand is suitable for dry trenches.

Geocells differ in cell sizes and edge heights. The choice of material depends on the type of bulk material and the steepness of the slope. The product has good flexibility and high strength. It is resistant to various aggressive environments, does not rot or deteriorate, is non-toxic and has a long service life.

Option #5 - budget methods

The options described above are quite expensive. If you want to strengthen the walls of a drainage ditch according to the “cheap and cheerful” principle, you can use the following methods.

Using old tires

This cheap method involves using used tires, which in most cases can be obtained for free. For backfilling you will need normal soil or sand. Tires are laid in rows, with each next one moving by half the diameter of the tire. The parts are tightly connected to each other and reinforced with stakes that are driven into the center of each tire. The laid parts are covered with soil or sand. The gaps between the tires are also filled. The structure is ready.

Reinforcement with slate sheets

An even simpler option involves using slate sheets. You can use flat or wavy material. The sheets are secured with metal posts. The main advantages of this method can be considered low labor costs and low cost. Unfortunately, such a system will not last too long. However, it performs its function quite well and saves the slopes from sliding.

Strengthening the walls of a drainage ditch with slate sheets is one of the simplest budget options

The drainage system is a necessary attribute of most sites. You can arrange it in different ways. The simplest of them is open drainage ditches. To protect the slopes of trenches from collapse, you can choose various methods. You can decide on an option only after analyzing specific conditions, including the type of soil, the angle of the ditch and, of course, the financial capabilities of the owner. Experts recommend using modern reinforcing materials, which may be more expensive than “budget products.” But such systems will last a long time and will not cause trouble to the owner.

aqua-rmnt.com

How to strengthen a ditch at the dacha

Many summer residents face this problem when arranging their territory. The presence of groundwater and swampy soil lead to the creation of a drainage system. Moreover, flooding of the site occurs for other reasons. Stormy rains or heavy melting of snow in the spring lead to flooding of the house, basement or other utility rooms.

But before you strengthen the ditch in your dacha, you need to carefully familiarize yourself with its structure and choose the most suitable one. suitable option wall fastenings.

Ditch construction

Gutter shape

Creating an effective drainage system requires the presence of at least two independent networks.

Linear is designed to drain the area itself. Usually it is erected when constant flooding occurs. The branches of closed ditches should be spread from the top topographic point, while ensuring a slope of 5–10 mm per meter. All water goes into the open drainage system.
A second independent network must protect the foundation and basements Houses. Here the reference point is the far corner of the building. The drainage ditch along the perimeter should also have a slight drop in level of 0.5 percent. To cover it, use turf or concrete paving slabs.
Any trench in this system must be at least 50 cm deep and wide. Near the foundation this figure may be higher. To install drains, a simple method is used: fascines (these are bundles of twigs and branches) or wooden boxes.
To strengthen the bottom, gravel, crushed stone or simply sand of different fractions are often used. But at the same time, the walls of the ditch periodically settle and crumble. Today there are several effective ways that will allow you to avoid this.

Basic methods of strengthening

Before choosing a reliable method, you should carefully measure the angle of inclination of the ditch walls.

Use of plants

If the slope angle does not exceed 8%, then it will be quite enough to strengthen it with the help of various plants.
Biomats or geogrids are used at a steepness of 8 to 15%.
If the angle exceeds 15%, then you cannot do without geogrids and gabions. True, at shallow depths, you can simply use stones and drive them into the slope.

Use of slate and tires

Reinforcement with slate

One of the most simple ways The ditch wall can be strengthened using ordinary slate.

In addition to sheets, you will need metal pipes or fittings, a shovel and a crowbar, as well as an angle grinder and a respirator.
Using a grinder, the sheets are cut into equal pieces. They are placed directly into the ground to a depth of 25–30 cm straight or with a slight slope. The sheets should fit snugly against each other.
Reinforcing bars are driven in on both sides in a checkerboard pattern. It is best if they are treated with an anti-corrosion compound or paint beforehand.
Western builders have come up with another one inexpensive way strengthening with car tires. Old tires can be laid in rows and secured together. The stakes hammered into the middle will give additional strength. The space inside can be filled with soil, but it is better to use sand or fine gravel. It is also useful for voids between tires.
There is another way. Tires can be stacked in several rows. In this case, each overlying one shifts by half the diameter. Then the tires are also covered. Using tires is very cheap, especially if you can get them for free or for next to nothing.

Tire stacking

Of course, you can’t count on too long a service life, so it’s worth taking a closer look at more expensive but reliable materials.

Strengthening the slopes of the site with tires

Installation of geomats and geogrids

Biomat structure

Geo- and biomats are nothing more than polymers with a waterproof structure. Polypropylene gratings are superimposed on each other under the influence of high temperature. This structure is more reminiscent of a sponge, but this is done so that various plants can grow through the holes.

Geomats

The first step is to prepare the slope itself. It is necessary not only to level it, but also to clear it of any debris.
Geomats are sold in rolls, so the top edge is aligned with top part ditch and secured there with anchor bolts.
The roll is rolled out to the bottom, and then cut and secured with anchors.
The next roll should overlap with a tolerance of about 15 cm.
Then you will need to cover everything with a small layer of soil and use the seeds for sowing. Usually 40 grams per m² is enough.
Geogrid is also available in rolls. It has a polyester base and square cells. For installation you will need a tape measure, a marker, scissors, a hammer, as well as a rake and a hand roller.
It is with the help of a roller that the slope surfaces are well compacted and leveled.

Geogrid laying scheme

Each roll must be cut into a certain number of pieces, and then laid tightly on the slope directly next to each other. For fastening, metal anchor rods or staples are used. They are especially needed in places where there is a high probability of strong winds.
The geogrid is also covered with a layer of soil and plants such as periwinkle, mint or bryozoan are planted. True, you can simply use small crushed stones or pebbles.

Geogrid

But for more durable strengthening, the use of geogrid will be required.

Geogrid installation

Its basis is polypropylene and polyethylene. This alone suggests that this is a very highly durable and durable product. In addition, the geogrid is not afraid of corrosion and can last for many years.

Since geogrid cells can be stretched both in length and width, they adhere tightly to the soil or crushed stone. In addition to the rolls, you will need anchors, scissors, a hammer, as well as fine gravel and sand. A pump may be needed.
Installation work can only be carried out when the drainage ditch is not filled with water and all slopes are completely dry. Therefore, you will have to not only pump out the water, but also prepare the surface. It is necessary to remove all debris, large stones and branches. In this case, small grass can be left untouched.
The geogrid is spread along the entire length of the ditch. In this case, the unnecessary piece must be cut off immediately.

Scheme of soil strengthening with geogrid

The most an important stage is considered correct fastening. After all, then the service life will be at least twenty years. You can buy fasteners or make them yourself. To do this, use hooks made from ordinary reinforcement. The thickness should be 1.5 cm, and the length should be 50–110 cm. Such hooks are placed at a distance of 30 cm from each other in a checkerboard pattern.
All that remains is to secure all the cells well. Sand is suitable for a dry ditch. If it is often filled with water, then it is better to use crushed stone or river pebbles. Even better if the slopes are sown ground cover plants. Over time, this will create even greater adhesion to the geogrid.

Filling with crushed stone and sand

The most expensive, but most successful solution may be to strengthen the slopes of the ditch using gabions.

Advantages of gabion

Typical sizes designs

This factory product is a product made in the form of a parallelepiped from a double-torsion metal mesh and filled with large stone or crushed stone.

To make the gabion, the factory uses special galvanized wire, which also has a PVC coating. It is this that reliably protects this structure from corrosion, aggressive chemical environments and mechanical damage. Even heavy loads are not scary. The average service life can be more than 70 years. But this affects the cost.
Therefore, it is possible to make a gabion on our own. To do this, you will need reinforcement rods with a diameter of 6 mm, as well as electric welding. In addition, you need to stock up on a tape measure, a marker, an angle grinder, a chain-link mesh, a shovel and a wheelbarrow. Cobblestones will also be required.
The design with dimensions 80×40×80 cm is suitable for small area. The reinforcing bars are welded together to form a rectangular structure. The width of the cells will depend on the diameter of the selected stones.

Application of gabions

Using a shovel, it is necessary to prepare and widen the slopes of the ditch. Only then can cages be placed along the entire shore.
Each cell is filled with large cobblestones and, if necessary, several rows are installed at once.
A chain-link mesh is attached on top for better fastening. To avoid the need to change it frequently, it is better to choose a mesh that also has a PVC coating. It can be easily reinforced from above with cobblestones. In addition, this gives the entire structure a good decorative look.

Gabions

Gabions can last the longest, while they fit well into the ecosystem. Manufacturers guarantee at least one hundred years of service.

Arrangement of the drainage system

Before you start strengthening the walls of the ditch, you need to properly equip the drainage system itself.

You can use large pebbles

In addition to creating the desired slope, you need to correctly make the bottom of the trench. For this, sand and fine gravel are used. With their help, the necessary pillow for drainage pipe.

Its protection is provided by a volumetric crushed stone filter, as well as geotextiles, which protect against the ingress of excess debris and soil.

Most often, ceramic or perforated asbestos-cement pipes are used for drainage. But in Lately Plastic gutters also began to be used.

Note! Do not forget about the drainage well where it will drain excess water. After all, a ditch that constantly contains water begins to collapse the fastest.

Modern materials will allow all the walls of the ditch to be well strengthened, and then the threat of flooding will be reduced to almost zero.

How to strengthen a ditch at the dacha

But before you strengthen a ditch in your dacha, you need to carefully familiarize yourself with its structure and choose the most suitable option for fastening the walls.

Ditch construction

Creating an effective drainage system requires the presence of at least two independent networks.

Linear is designed to drain the area itself. Usually it is erected when constant flooding occurs. The branches of closed ditches should be spread from the top topographic point, while ensuring a slope of 5–10 mm per meter. All water goes into the open drainage system.
A second independent network should protect the foundation and basement of the house. Here the reference point is the far corner of the building. The drainage ditch along the perimeter should also have a slight drop in level of 0.5 percent. To cover it, use turf or concrete paving slabs.
Any trench in this system must be at least 50 cm deep and wide. Near the foundation this figure may be higher. To install drains, a simple method is used: fascines (these are bundles of twigs and branches) or wooden boxes.
To strengthen the bottom, gravel, crushed stone or simply sand of different fractions are often used. But at the same time, the walls of the ditch periodically settle and crumble. Today there are several effective ways to avoid this.

Basic methods of strengthening

Before choosing a reliable method, you should carefully measure the angle of inclination of the ditch walls.

If the slope angle does not exceed 8%, then it will be quite enough to strengthen it with the help of various plants.
Biomats or geogrids are used at a steepness of 8 to 15%.
If the angle exceeds 15%, then you cannot do without geogrids and gabions. True, at shallow depths, you can simply use stones and drive them into the slope.

Use of slate and tires

One of the easiest ways to strengthen the wall of a ditch can be ordinary slate.

In addition to sheets, you will need metal pipes or fittings, a shovel and a crowbar, as well as an angle grinder and a respirator.
Using a grinder, the sheets are cut into equal pieces. They are placed directly into the ground to a depth of 25–30 cm straight or with a slight slope. The sheets should fit snugly against each other.
Reinforcing bars are driven in on both sides in a checkerboard pattern. It is best if they are treated with an anti-corrosion compound or paint beforehand.
Western builders have come up with another inexpensive way to strengthen it using car tires. Old tires can be laid in rows and secured together. The stakes hammered into the middle will give additional strength. The space inside can be filled with soil, but it is better to use sand or fine gravel. It is also useful for voids between tires.
There is another way. Tires can be stacked in several rows. In this case, each overlying one shifts by half the diameter. Then the tires are also covered. Using tires is very cheap, especially if you can get them for free or for next to nothing.

Of course, you can’t count on too long a service life, so it’s worth taking a closer look at more expensive but reliable materials.

Installation of geomats and geogrids

The first step is to prepare the slope itself. It is necessary not only to level it, but also to clear it of any debris.
Geomats are sold in rolls, so the top edge is aligned with the top of the ditch and secured there with anchor bolts.
The roll is rolled out to the bottom, and then cut and secured with anchors.
The next roll should overlap with a tolerance of about 15 cm.
Then you will need to cover everything with a small layer of soil and use the seeds for sowing. Usually 40 grams per m² is enough.
Geogrid is also available in rolls. It has a polyester base and square cells. For installation you will need a tape measure, a marker, scissors, a hammer, as well as a rake and a hand roller.
It is with the help of a roller that the slope surfaces are well compacted and leveled.

Each roll must be cut into a certain number of pieces, and then laid tightly on the slope directly next to each other. For fastening, metal anchor rods or staples are used. They are especially needed in places where there is a high probability of strong winds.
The geogrid is also covered with a layer of soil and plants such as periwinkle, mint or bryozoan are planted. True, you can simply use small crushed stones or pebbles.

But for more durable strengthening, the use of geogrid will be required.

Geogrid installation

Since geogrid cells can be stretched both in length and width, they adhere tightly to the soil or crushed stone. In addition to the rolls, you will need anchors, scissors, a hammer, as well as fine gravel and sand. A pump may be needed.
Installation work can only be carried out when the drainage ditch is not filled with water and all slopes are completely dry. Therefore, you will have to not only pump out the water, but also prepare the surface. It is necessary to remove all debris, large stones and branches. In this case, small grass can be left untouched.
The geogrid is spread along the entire length of the ditch. In this case, the unnecessary piece must be cut off immediately.

The most important step is correct fastening. After all, then the service life will be at least twenty years. You can buy fasteners or make them yourself. To do this, use hooks made from ordinary reinforcement. The thickness should be 1.5 cm, and the length should be 50–110 cm. Such hooks are placed at a distance of 30 cm from each other in a checkerboard pattern.
All that remains is to secure all the cells well. Sand is suitable for a dry ditch. If it is often filled with water, then it is better to use crushed stone or river pebbles. It is even better if the slopes are sown with ground cover plants. Over time, this will create even greater adhesion to the geogrid.

The most expensive, but most successful solution may be to strengthen the slopes of the ditch using gabions.

Advantages of gabion

This factory product is a product made in the form of a parallelepiped from a double-torsion metal mesh and filled with large stone or crushed stone.

To make the gabion, the factory uses special galvanized wire, which also has a PVC coating. It is this that reliably protects this structure from corrosion, aggressive chemical environments and mechanical damage. Even heavy loads are not scary. The average service life can be more than 70 years. But this affects the cost.
Therefore, you can make a gabion on your own. To do this, you will need reinforcement rods with a diameter of 6 mm, as well as electric welding. In addition, you need to stock up on a tape measure, a marker, an angle grinder, a chain-link mesh, a shovel and a wheelbarrow. Cobblestones will also be required.
A design with dimensions of 80x40x80 cm is suitable for a small area. The reinforcing bars are welded together to form a rectangular structure. The width of the cells will depend on the diameter of the selected stones.

Using a shovel, it is necessary to prepare and widen the slopes of the ditch. Only then can cages be placed along the entire shore.
Each cell is filled with large cobblestones and, if necessary, several rows are installed at once.
A chain-link mesh is attached on top for better fastening. To avoid the need to change it frequently, it is better to choose a mesh that also has a PVC coating. It can be easily reinforced from above with cobblestones. In addition, this gives the entire structure a good decorative look.

Gabions can last the longest, while they fit well into the ecosystem. Manufacturers guarantee at least one hundred years of service.

Arrangement of the drainage system

Before you start strengthening the walls of the ditch, you need to properly equip the drainage system itself.

In addition to creating the desired slope, you need to correctly make the bottom of the trench. For this, sand and fine gravel are used. With their help, the necessary cushion for the drainage pipe is made.

Its protection is provided by a volumetric crushed stone filter, as well as geotextiles, which protect against the ingress of excess debris and soil.

Most often, ceramic or perforated asbestos-cement pipes are used for drainage. But recently, plastic gutters have also begun to be used.

Note! Do not forget about the drainage well, where excess water will drain. After all, a ditch that constantly contains water begins to collapse the fastest.

Modern materials will make it possible to strengthen all the walls of the ditch well, and then the threat of flooding will be reduced to almost zero.

The site on which the house is built most often needs a drainage system. This is a rather complex and by no means cheap design. The most expensive option is to install a closed system, so many people choose an open one. It consists of several drainage ditches connected to each other. The main problem with this design is the gradual crumbling of the slopes, which eventually “slide” to the bottom. There are many ways to strengthen the walls of drainage ditches. Let's look at them in more detail.

When choosing a method for strengthening the slopes of a ditch, you should be guided, first of all, by the angle of inclination of its walls:

Slopes with an inclination angle of less than 8° do not need strengthening. For them, planting vertical and horizontal plants will be sufficient.
Walls, the steepness of which varies from 8 to 15°, must be reinforced with geogrids or geomats.
Slopes of significant steepness with an inclination angle of more than 15° must be strengthened using methods that involve internal reinforcement. Gabions and geogrids are well suited for these purposes.

In addition to the angle of inclination of the wall, the depth of the ditch is also of great importance. If it is small, you can strengthen the slopes by driving stones into them.

The slopes of drainage ditches need strengthening. If their depth is small, you can strengthen the slopes by driving stones into them

Option #1 - 3D geogrid

Geogrid installation is carried out as follows:

We level and compact the walls of the ditch using a hand roller.
We lay rolls of material along the trench at a distance that corresponds to the width of the panel.
We roll out the mesh, laying the strips almost end to end.
We secure the laid material every meter and a half with anchors with bent upper ends. If strong winds are common in this area, then it is best to use U-shaped metal brackets as fastenings.
We fill the fixed geogrids with soil or decorative material. It could be stone, crushed stone, etc. Suitable plants are sown on top of the soil.

Anti-erosion geogrid is resistant to rotting, corrosion, high and low temperatures. The material is not afraid of aggressive environments, withstands high stress and does not deform. Over time, its performance characteristics do not change. The geogrid limits slope deformation and ground movement. The material becomes the basis for a strong mass that can withstand heavy loads. Including frost heaving, subsidence and soil displacement. Flexible coating can be used on surfaces of any configuration.

The geogrid limits slope deformation and ground movement. It is durable, resistant to aggressive environments and rotting

Option #2 - anti-erosion geomats

Geomat has a porous structure that allows the root system of plants to easily pass through the material

Material properties:

resistance to UV radiation;
complete preservation of its properties in sea and fresh water;
resistance to aggressive environments;
non-toxic;
resistance to a wide range of temperatures;
low level of smoke generation and flammability;
resistance to microorganisms.

The use of geomats allows you to preserve the natural appearance and character of the landscape. The material is quite easy to install and, if necessary, can be installed even in winter. The process of strengthening slopes is carried out in several stages:

We level and clear the walls of the ditch from debris.
The upper edge of the first roll is secured with anchor bolts at the top of the slope.
Roll out the roll to the bottom and cut off the required length.
We carefully straighten the material and secure its lower part.
We lay the next strip of covering on top of the first with an overlap of about 15 cm.

After laying geomats and filling them with soil, you need to sow plants whose root system will strengthen the slopes of the trench

Option #3 - homemade gabions

Gabions are a frame made of metal mesh with hexagon-shaped cells. The structure is filled with crushed stone, pebbles or stones. This system perfectly protects the slopes from crumbling. Gabions are made from a double-twisted metal mesh coated with zinc, galfan or polyvinyl chloride. The contents of the structure are selected in such a way that the filler fraction is smaller than the cell size. To facilitate installation, gabions are first installed, and then filler is poured into them.

Gabions are very aesthetic structures. They not only strengthen, but also decorate drainage structures

We determine the dimensions of the future structure. For small areas, it is optimal to choose gabions with dimensions of 800*400*400 mm. We select the cell sizes, which should be larger than the diameter of the filler. Therefore, the latter must already be purchased.
We weld rectangular structures of the required size from rods with a diameter of 6 mm.
We install the finished frames on the slopes of the drainage ditch.
We fill the gabions with pre-prepared filler.
We cover the top of the homemade gabion with a chain-link mesh. This way the structure will become more durable.

Option #4 - volumetric geogrid

Various fillers can be filled into geogrid cells. For “wet” ditches, pebbles or crushed stone are preferable; for dry ditches, sand is suitable

There are two types of geogrids available: with and without perforation. The first is characterized by better drainage ability. It is this material that is recommended to be used to strengthen the walls of drainage trenches. Covering without perforation is allowed to be laid on slopes only if there is an intermediate layer of geotextile. Installation of the geogrid is carried out as follows:

We level the slopes of the trench, give them the desired shape and compact the soil. If necessary, we lay geotextiles on the base.
We lay the material from top to bottom.
We stretch the geogrid and fix it with L-shaped anchors. The service life of the structure depends on the correct execution of this operation.
We fill the coating with bulk material. If the recess is filled with water, crushed stone, pebbles or any similar filler are laid. Sand is suitable for dry trenches.

Option #5 - budget methods

The options described above are quite expensive. If you want to strengthen the walls of a drainage ditch according to the “cheap and cheerful” principle, you can use the following methods.

Using old tires

This cheap method involves using used tires, which in most cases can be obtained for free. For backfilling you will need regular soil or sand. Tires are laid in rows, with each next one moving by half the diameter of the tire. The parts are tightly connected to each other and reinforced with stakes that are driven into the center of each tire. The laid parts are covered with soil or sand. The gaps between the tires are also filled. The structure is ready.

Reinforcement with slate sheets

Strengthening the walls of the drainage ditch with slate sheets is one of the simplest, budget options

The drainage system is a necessary attribute of most sites. You can arrange it in different ways. The simplest of them is open drainage ditches. Various methods can be chosen to protect trench slopes from collapse. You can decide on an option only after analyzing specific conditions, including the type of soil, the angle of the ditch and, of course, the financial capabilities of the owner. Experts recommend using modern reinforcing materials, which may be more expensive than “budget products.” But such systems will last a long time and will not cause trouble to the owner.

A drainage system is necessary for most sites on which houses are built or will be built. This design is not cheap, so prudent owners often strive to save as much money as possible without damaging the quality of the structure. This can be done by installing drainage on the site. open type. It is a system of interconnected grooves that effectively drain excess water.

The main thing is to properly strengthen their walls to protect them from crumbling. You need to know that not all grooves need such arrangement. If the angle of inclination of the walls is less than 8%, they do not need to be strengthened. Slopes with a slope of 8 to 15% are best secured with geomats or geogrids. If the wall slope is more than 15%, internal reinforcement should be used.

5 most effective methods for strengthening the slopes of drainage trenches

Use of geomats

This coating is made in the form of a unique interweaving of three layers of three-dimensional polypropylene mesh. The gratings have double orientation and are secured to each other using polypropylene threads. The result is a material that resembles a porous, voluminous washcloth. It stabilizes the soil well, but does not pose an obstacle to the development of plants.

The anti-erosion coating is durable and resistant to aggressive environments and microorganisms. It is non-toxic, insensitive to sudden temperature changes and does not burn well. Over time, the structure of geomats only becomes stronger due to the fact that plant roots entwine polypropylene gratings. The coating is very easy to install, and if necessary, this can be done even in winter.

Before strengthening the groove walls, they must be cleared of debris and leveled. After this, they begin to roll out the geomat roll. Its edge is securely fixed to the top of the trench, the material is lowered down, and a strip of the required length is cut off. The next covering sheet is laid on top of the first one with a slight overlap. The laid geomats are covered with a 4-5 cm layer of soil. Later, plants are sown in it.

Installation of volumetric geogrid

The anti-erosion material is manufactured in the form of a three-dimensional structure. It consists of polyethylene tapes welded together in a checkerboard pattern. The result is a durable synthetic frame consisting of cells of the same size. They are filled with filler, which is selected based on the operating conditions of the structure. Crushed stone, sand, pebbles, etc. can be used here.

There are two types of geocells: with perforated and solid walls. The first option has the best drainage characteristics and it is they who are recommended to strengthen the slopes of the grooves. In addition, the geogrid may have different sizes cells and wall height. In any case, the material is highly durable and flexible. It is not subject to rotting and is resistant to various aggressive environments.

Installation of the coating is quite simple. The groove walls are leveled and compacted. If necessary, they are covered with geotextiles, after which a geogrid is laid from top to bottom. The top and bottom edges of the covering must be secured. Moreover, the fasteners are installed from below after the material is stretched and takes on the desired shape. Filler is poured into the resulting cells.

Securing the walls with a 3D geogrid

The material is intended for securing and reinforcing steep slopes. It is a polymer mesh of an interwoven structure, which is significantly enhanced by monofilament stitching. To give even greater strength, the coating is impregnated with special compounds. The structure of the material does not interfere with the growth of plants whose roots strengthen the crumbling slope of the ditch.

Geogrid is non-toxic, easily tolerates significant stress and temperature changes, is insensitive to aggressive environments, durable, and does not rot. Moreover, during operation, the characteristics of the coating remain unchanged. It withstands soil displacement, subsidence and frost heaving. Can be used to strengthen surfaces of any configuration.

Before laying the anti-erosion material, the slope is cleared, leveled and compacted using a roller. The mesh is rolled out along the wall and fixed every 1.5 m with L-shaped anchor fasteners or metal brackets. Each next strip material is laid end to end with the previous one. The laid geogrid is covered with a small layer of soil or decorative backfill, on top of which plants are planted.

Installation of gabions

Box-shaped gabions, which are a mesh frame filled with pebbles, crushed stone, stone, etc., are well suited for strengthening slopes. The structure of such decorative designs does not interfere with the drainage process. At the same time, they prevent the removal of soil from the walls of the trench, strengthen its slopes and decorate the landscape. Over time, the effectiveness of gabions only increases. The service life of such structures is tens of years.

For installation you can purchase ready-made designs or make them yourself, which is not that difficult. The frames of future gabions are welded from metal rods, filled with the selected filler and covered with a chain-link mesh. For the manufacture of elements, it is advisable to choose a material with an anti-corrosion coating, otherwise the finished the structure will not last long and will have to be repaired. published

The problem of how to strengthen a ditch in a summer cottage often arises when creating a drainage system that allows you to properly drain excess moisture from the soil. To solve this issue, both improvised means and specialized materials are used.. Knowing the rules and the sequence of their application, you will ensure normal functioning this essential element of the water system.

Gabion structures are highly durable and reliable.

Setting up drainage is quite simple. The main difficulties begin with its long-term use: the ditch requires constant cleaning, otherwise the water will for a long time stagnate. Strengthening the walls also becomes very important, since if you ignore their care, the ditch very quickly erodes, capturing adjacent dacha areas fertile land.

Gabions. This engineering structures used in particularly difficult cases when high speed water flow in the ditch or at a large, even vertical, angle of inclination of the drainage walls. Gabions can often be seen on the banks of mountain rivers, where they protect the banks from erosion. Gabions look like a cage made of cellular wire mesh filled with large stones: river pebbles, crushed stone, etc.

Purpose of drainage ditches

Slate can serve as a material at hand to strengthen the ditch.

The system of drainage ditches at a summer cottage performs a very important function - draining excess groundwater and lowering its level. This allows you to reduce soil swampiness and avoid flooding, especially in low areas of the territory.

There may be ditches different shapes, differ in width and angle of inclination of the walls. If the drainage runs through neutral territory along your fence, then it is especially important to strengthen its walls, because soil weakened by water can begin to collapse, expanding the drainage, which will undermine the foundation of the fence.

Drainage ditches are used not only to lower the water level in the soil, but also to remove moisture from areas surrounding the foundation of the house. Thanks to this solution, the basement will not be flooded with water.

Geomats and geogrids are designed to strengthen a slope by creating and holding a plant layer on its surface. These materials have a porous structure that allows plants to develop freely. Unlike open soil, porous protective materials create an inextricable layer with plants that is not washed away by water.

Return to contents

Methods for strengthening ditches

There are many ways to strengthen the walls of a drainage ditch, but they are all used with one common goal - to prevent further increase in the width of the sides and siltation of the bottom. Let's take a closer look at the most popular methods of achieving this goal:

Use of geogrid. It is a flexible cellular structure made of polymer material. The walls of the cells have holes to ensure free flow of water. Geogrid is the most technologically advanced and correct method of strengthening ditches, as it is highly reliable and completely environmentally safe.
The main purpose of the geogrid is to create a layer through which groundwater will move freely from the source of its accumulation (in in this case- soil) to the place of unloading - reservoir, drainage well or other ditch.
Installation of concrete gutters. An effective, but rather expensive method, especially if the length of the ditch is significant. Concrete trays make it easy to clean the drainage. Such a drain can be made quite narrow and deep, thereby preserving the area of the site. Concrete trays can be purchased ready-made or made yourself using formwork. The latter method is even preferable, as it will make it possible to make a solid tray, without seams or joints into which water can get in.
Planting. This method does not always help, only if the slope of the ditch walls is no more than 8-10°.
Use of available materials: old slate, car tires or other materials. Due to the fact that the main purpose of these materials is not to protect the slopes of the ditch, one cannot count on their long service life. They can only be considered as a temporary solution.
A small and shallow drainage ditch can be lined with flat river pebbles, secured together cement mortar, but this method is only suitable for drainage with a small amount of water.

Return to contents

How is ditch protection installed?

From correct sequence actions during strengthening of drainage walls depend on their service life, stability and reliability. First of all, you should choose a method for strengthening the drainage walls. It is recommended to use professional modern means: geogrid, geomats and geogrids, in particularly difficult conditions - gabions.

Regardless of the chosen method, you should start working only with a dry ditch, so work is carried out during the period of minimum groundwater levels. Let us consider in detail the installation sequence of some of the materials listed above.

The geogrid is installed on a surface cleared of debris, large stones and branches. Perfect option- a flat slope that may be slightly overgrown with grass. Along the upper edge of the drainage, pieces of reinforcement 50-60 cm long are driven into the ground, and the distance between them should correspond to the size of the grid cells. The upper end of the reinforcement is bent at an angle of 90°, thus creating an L-shaped fastener.

The mesh is put on fasteners and stretched in the direction of the opposite side, securing in the same way. After the lattice has taken a stable position, fastenings are made in separate cells using pieces of reinforcement or anchors. It is not necessary to install fasteners in each segment; it will be enough to distribute them evenly in a checkerboard pattern.

The final stage is filling the cells with fine crushed stone, gravel or sand. The size of the material depends on the speed of water movement - the higher it is, the larger the filler should be.

Geomats and geogrids are also rolled materials used to cover drainage slopes. Under these materials, you can install a non-woven insulating material that will allow water to pass freely, but will not allow the soil layer to erode. A geomat or geogrid is laid on top of it. Their upper edge is secured along the slope with anchor bolts and pulled to the opposite side, where the action is repeated. The surface of the material is covered with a small layer of soil mixed with seeds lawn grass. In just a couple of months, all layers will grow together, creating a reliable natural protection slope

Gabions are used in cases where saving space on the site is critical. They allow you to make the ditch wall almost vertical, narrowing the drainage to a minimum.

Creating a gabion yourself requires significant financial and time costs, but the result will be reliable design, which will last for decades.

To work, you will need reinforcement bars with a diameter of 5-6 mm, a fine mesh netting (preferably with polymer coating), welding machine And a large number of large stones. First, long mesh boxes are made from reinforcement, the height of which should correspond to the depth of the ditch. The size of the cells will be such as not to allow stones to pass through them. After installing the boxes on both sides of the drainage, they are filled with stones, and the entire structure is covered with a chain-link mesh on top, screwing it to the reinforcement with galvanized wire.

The advantage of gabions is their beautiful view, which fits into landscape design. Budget method strengthening - installation of old slate. To do this, use both wavy and flat covering. It is buried in the ground along the slopes of the ditch, strengthened with spacers made of metal pipes or large diameter fittings.

Sections