How to make door hinges. We make door hinges

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Do-it-yourself repair is a very labor-intensive process. For a successful result, patience, accuracy and attentiveness are required. Self-installation of entrance or interior door includes several stages, one of which is cutting a recess for door hinges. The door is held on by door hinges and from them correct installation depends on how it will open and close.

Preparation for installation

Most often there are two hinges, but if the door is very heavy, additional ones may be needed. The upper and lower loops are placed symmetrically, retreating 20-25 cm from the top and bottom, the third loop is made exactly in the middle.

To get started, you need to assemble some tools that you will need to cut out the recesses for the hinges.

Pencil.
Roulette.
Building level.
Hammer.
Sharpened chisel.
A screwdriver (can be replaced with a screwdriver) and screws.
Drill.
Hinges for the door.

Selection of door hinges

The choice of hinges for a door should be taken very seriously. Please note that there are left-handed, right-handed and universal hinges.

The most reliable and high-quality steel hinges are. Brass is widely used, since the material has good ductility, and brass-plated hinges look more decorative (imitation chrome, gold or bronze). And by choosing hinges with bearings, you can long time use the door and it will not creak.

The method of installing door hinges divides hinges into three types:

Screw-in (made in the form of threaded pins). Such hinges consist of two symmetrically located parts in the shape of a cylinder with holes for screws. One part is fixed on the frame, the other on the door leaf.

Attention! Screw-in hinges can only be used for doors with a European door; ordinary doors cannot be secured to these hinges.

Invoices. The most common are butterfly hinges, which, due to their design, do not require cutting a recess either in the opening or in the door itself. To install the remaining overhead hinges, you need to make a recess in doorway and doors.
Canopy of a hidden insert (the fittings are not visible at all if the door is closed). Design door hardware this type is very complex, self installation such loops are not recommended. For installation, a simple chisel is not enough; you must use a router.

Installation

At the first stage, it is necessary to carry out accurate markings. Using a pencil and tape measure, mark the upper and lower boundaries of the door hinges. Let us remind you that the upper and lower distances are 20-25 cm.
Depending on the length and width of the loop, you need to mark the location for the recess. To do this, attach the loop to the box along the first marked line and outline its outline. Act with maximum precision, the lines must be strictly at right angles, use a level to check.

Do the same with the bottom loop, remembering that the line marked below is the bottom edge of the loop. If it is necessary to install a third loop, it must be placed exactly in the middle. Having calculated the distance, mark the boundaries of the third loop. Mark the locations and drill holes for the screws.

The second stage is cutting out the recesses for the hinges. The depth of the recess must exactly match the thickness of the loop. If the recess is larger, the door may become deformed during operation, which will lead to the need to replace the hinges and door. The chisel must be applied to the drawn line and carefully outline the contour, tapping the chisel with a hammer. Remove the first layer of wood. Then go over the outline again. In this way, remove several layers until the desired depth is formed.

The third stage is to mark in the same way and make a recess for the hinges on the door.

On the fourth last stage you need to secure the hinges with self-tapping screws to the frame and door. It is difficult to install the door alone; ask for help to support the door.

If all actions are done correctly, installed door will last long years, and the money saved on installation will be a pleasant reward for independent work. As you can see, installing mortise hinges is not very difficult; every man who knows how to handle a simple plumbing tool can handle it. We wish you a successful renovation!

Installing hinges: video

How to install hinges in a door: photo

Another thing I like to do is door hinges, they can be used in many wooden crafts. This is not so much a desire to create something new, but simply a desire to make your own door hinges. Most likely, this is disappointment from the type of loops that are available in the store. The hinges are made from hardwood, mainly maple and oak. An important tool in making hinges is a router and a shaped cutter, which creates ornate shapes. The other important part is having a drill bit with a diameter slightly larger than the hole in the hinge. We’ll look at how to make door hinges for boxes on closet doors in more detail in this article.

DIY door hinges.

There are a lot various styles wooden hinges that can be made. All door hinges are made from hardwood, with the majority of door hardware being made from maple and oak. An important component in my case to make door hinges is a router, which will give the hinge a rich shape. Another important part is a drill with a slightly larger diameter than the hinge axis. A hole is drilled in the top of the hinge so that the hinge rotates freely.

Using a router and milling table cut a tenon on both sides of the piece of wood, then cut it in half to make two door hinges.

Question for the erudites: what mechanism is designed for a house, a car, an airplane, and even spaceship? There is no need to go to the encyclopedia or frantically enter a query into Google, just walk up to any door and push it. The door did not fall - it swung open, revealing to the inquisitive mind this simple engineering structure called a door hinge.

In fact, the door hinge is simply irreplaceable, and the person who gave the world such a necessary mechanism was simply a genius. Now many modifications of this device have been created, which are used in almost all areas of life. Even secret loops have been invented.

What is a door hinge: purpose

A mechanism by which any door, hatch, window frame has the ability to open by rotating relative to a fixed part, for example, a door frame, and is called a door hinge. In addition to the opening function, the canopy supports the entire mass door leaf and attaches it to the opening. For the door to work effectively, the swing mechanism must provide:

Reliable connection to the box. Doors can be quite heavy. Therefore, hinges are usually made of steel or metal alloys with high strength.
Ease of turning. High-quality canopies are adjusted in such a way that there is minimal play between the moving parts of the mechanism. This eliminates jamming at the moment of opening or closing.
Availability of service. Hinges usually have technical holes to allow them to be treated with lubricants.
Convenient mounting holes available. In any canopies, the mounting holes are made for countersunk screw heads. Thanks to this, there is no load on the mechanism being pulled out when closing the door.
Aesthetic appeal. Modern products coated with decorative alloys using the electroplating method and look like a filigree loop (bronze, copper, nickel are its coating materials). It is beautiful and, most importantly, protects against corrosion.

Types of loops and their features

There are a few standard designs loop mechanism used for wooden doors household use:

A special feature is that they are attached not to the end, but to the main visible plane of the door leaf. They usually have one long and one short leaf. Sometimes such canopies are made in fancy shapes with patterns or forging.
Mortise design. Under these hinges, a special sample is made at the end of the door and frame for the thickness of the sash. They are most often used for their reliability, relative ease of installation and simplicity of design. Basically, this type of mechanism is collapsible, providing the ability to remove the door leaf.
Hidden door hinges. If the canopy models described above are visible both when the door is open and when the door is closed, then this view is completely invisible to the eye when the doors are closed. The design is not easy to install, as it requires sampling for complex swivel mechanism both at the end of the door and in the door frame. The price for such accessories is also more expensive.
type. Original look awnings, one part of which is attached to the frame, the other - to the end of the door. In this case, the door should not be flush with the frame. There are regulated and unregulated mechanisms.
The design is interesting in that it allows the doors to be opened in both directions. This is ensured by a double hinge mechanism. Additionally, they are equipped with special springs that return the open wings of the fittings to the closed position.

Hinges for basement hatch

This option requires a non-standard approach. To make the entrance to the basement invisible, what needs to be organized? The answer is simple. Need a secret hatch. This is possible if the hatch cover is finished with the same material that covers the rest of the floor surface. For better camouflage, it is necessary that the gap between the door and the floor be minimal. But the question arises: how to make the lid lift easily? The fact is that the thickness of the hatch is flooring maybe a few centimeters and with conventional canopies, the gap is simply not enough for the hatch to open freely, it will get caught and jam.

Eat special type a mechanism that can solve this problem is pantograph loops. They are designed in such a way that they first move the lid up and then move it to the side. When closed, the canopies are not visible, so they can be considered as hidden hinges. You can further enhance the lifting of the hatch by equipping the structure with a pair of pneumatic lifts from the car trunk door.

How to install hinges on a door

Let's try installing mortise-type hinges on the door. If the canopies are detachable, then you first need to decide on the side in which the doors will open (there are right and left). Then, taking the loops for the appropriate purpose, perform:

Marking the installation location on the door leaf. To do this, apply the canopies to the end and trace the outline of the hinge wing with a simple pencil.
Selecting a plane for the wing of the hinge mechanism. Along the contour outlined in pencil, a chisel is punched to the depth of the thickness of the wing. Next, use the same chisel to remove the layer of wood.
Fastening the fittings to the end of the door. The loop is opened and one half is applied to the place where the plane was previously removed. Then they take wood screws and screw the mechanism with them.
Marking the location of the hinge on the box. Open the mechanism to an angle of 90 degrees. Pick up wooden shingles as thick as the gap between the door and the floor. Install the door on the shingles at an angle of 90 degrees to the opening so that the hinge wing rests on the door frame. Outline the canopy with a pencil.
Selecting a plane for the hinge on the box - step 2 is repeated.
Attaching the hinge to the box - repeat step 3.

It is more advisable to first fasten the canopies with two screws, and add the rest after adjustment.

It is better to take one-piece hinges so that the lid does not move to the side when open.

How to adjust hinges

After the door is seated, it is opened slightly and released. Let's assume that it remains in place, then we move it to a position of 90 degrees to the opening and release it again. If the door is motionless at any point of opening, it means that it hangs correctly and its vertical is not displaced anywhere.

Next, check the operation of the loops. By slowly opening the door leaf, make sure that the awnings do not make any other movements other than the rotating ones provided for by the design. In the event that the hinges begin to bend or the door moves randomly in any direction when released, it is necessary to adjust the position of the hinges.

You can adjust the awnings so that the door does not open arbitrarily by placing a backing under one part of the hinge. To do this, the lower hinge is released at the point of attachment to the box and pieces of cardboard are inserted into the gap, achieving a position where the door stops moving spontaneously. After this, they plan out a wooden backing to replace the cardboard and firmly fix it under the canopy.

Align the loops so that they do not bend in the following way. At the top one, the topmost screw is loosened slightly, the second one is completely unscrewed. Then they slowly open and close the door, observing how the canopy begins to shift from the second landing hole. The average position of the loop for the entire cycle of movements is noted and it is firmly fixed through the new mounting holes.

Hinges for hidden hatches do not need adjustment. This is a plus of the product. This ease of use is due to the fact that the secret hatch does not bear any special load on tearing off.

How to care for the mechanism

Any mechanism requires care. For hinges, this is regular lubrication. If the canopies are collapsible, then it is better to treat them with lithol or similar mastic. Non-removable or hidden door hinges are usually lubricated, but in the process of movement the material is produced. Therefore, it is advisable to regularly treat such canopies with oil for lubrication. sewing machines. Typically, the hinges have technical holes for these purposes.

It is also important to periodically check that the screws are securely fastened. A small play can very quickly break the mounting holes or loosen the mechanism itself. The play can be felt when the door is opened, when it moves slightly.

Homemade loops

Door hinges are not in short supply and are affordable for anyone. But sometimes there is a need to make a temporary door to carry out some work. For example, fence off a construction site with a board and make an entrance to this area. It is not necessary to buy iron canopies for this. You can make them yourself from rubber.

An ordinary used one will do. car tire. Two rectangular strips of 100x300 mm are cut out of it. One strip at the top, the second at the bottom is attached to homemade door. The second parts of the strips are fixed to the fence at the opening. Now the door is ready.

Car hinges

Canopies on vehicle doors require much more care than ordinary doors in the house. Caring for such mechanisms as hinges for a basement hatch also cannot be compared with car canopies. This is due to the fact that the load on them is much more intense. There is also exposure to high positive and negative temperatures. Therefore, to care for such mechanisms, special lubricants have been developed that provide:

short ;
long term retention of lubricating properties;
stable homogeneous structure;
high frost resistance;
corrosion protection.

Conclusion

It is not difficult to answer the question of which loops are best to use in a particular case. You need to know the purpose of the door, its weight, and how it should look aesthetically. All awnings have load limits and special purpose. But if you want to experiment, please do so. For example, the entrance to the basement is a non-standard situation, so the hinges for the hatch to the basement can be arranged differently. It all depends on the engineering mind of the performer.

Who among us has not witnessed how an unlucky buyer in a hardware store painfully tries to figure out which hinges he needs - left or right?

So I, when I finally decided to replace the old and not very attractive hinges on the doors to the bathroom and toilet, did not immediately remember how to distinguish between them. But the matter is, in general, simple. Detachable half-hinged hinges (exactly what I needed) have a fixed rod in the bottom card (this part of the hinge is installed on the door frame), and the upper part of the hinge, which is attached to the door leaf (top card), has a cap-shaped hinge that fits onto the rod.

It is the half-hinged hinges that are left and right. The left ones are for doors that open in left side, right - for doors opening in right side. Determining which loops are needed is not at all difficult. To do this, you need to stand in front of the door so that it needs to be opened towards you. If the loops are located on the right, then they are called right loops. And if on the left, then, accordingly, to the left.

However, I needed both of them, since the doors of the bathroom and toilet opened in different directions.

There was, however, a doubt: should we change the hinges to one-piece ones? Nowadays most of these are found on sale. But they have a number of disadvantages compared to half-hinged ones. Firstly, it is more difficult to hang a door on permanent hinges alone, since you have to hold it suspended and at the same time screw in the fastening screws. Secondly, adjusting the door leaf in height becomes much more difficult. So I settled on new split hinges.

Operating procedure

First you need to remove the door from its hinges. You can do this without outside help if you use a block with a cross-section of 40 * 40 mm and a piece of not very thick board. The block is placed in front of the open door as a support, and the board is slipped under the door leaf, placed on the block and used as a lever.

This allows without extra effort Without overloading your back, remove the door alone. Then unscrew the old hinges. It’s good if the screw slots are not damaged and not too covered with paint, as often happens. Otherwise, you need to clean them first. In addition, the blade of the screwdriver must exactly match the slot of the screw.

If you can’t unscrew the screws quickly, you can try soaking them in kerosene (so that it seeps onto the threads) or applying a heated soldering iron to the head of the screw. Sometimes it is possible to move a screw from its place by first turning it slightly clockwise (in the direction of tightening). Car enthusiasts can use a so-called impact screwdriver. If all of the above methods do not help, then the used screws will have to be drilled out.

If the old hinge was too deep into the door frame, you can use a nest-shaped insert cut out of hardboard. Having previously leveled the old socket in the door frame with a chisel, install the liner in it and screw the hinge card to the door frame with long self-tapping screws.

To make installation of the door leaf easier, the rod at the bottom hinge can be shortened slightly. To do this, some part of it is sawed off with an ordinary hacksaw for metal and a file is used to chamfer the end of the rod after sawing off.

The next operation is installation upper parts hinges (top cards) on the door leaf. Perhaps, in this case, you will first have to slightly adjust the sockets on the edge of the door leaf and only then screw the hinges. After the cards are screwed in, all that remains is to hang the door leaf in place. At the same time, it is raised above the floor and held using the lever that was used when removing the door.

The door is installed, but there is one more aspect of the work being done - lubricating the hinges. There are different lubricants for this. For example, the tried-and-true old-fashioned soft pencil lead. You need to lift the door leaf a little and push the stylus through

into the gap between the rubbing surfaces of the hinge, and then lower the door leaf and open and close the door several times. Graphite will grind into powder and eliminate squeaking just as well as any other lubricant.

But there is also modern materials, borrowed from the arsenal of motorists. These are aerosol semi-synthetic lubricants with high degree adhesion agents designed for processing parts in hard-to-reach places. For example, HHS 2000 lubricant. Such compounds easily penetrate into the smallest gaps of the mechanism and form a sticky film that is resistant to high loads (pressure or vibration).

In addition, they provide the rod with hinges reliable protection from corrosion. Of course, this is not very relevant for a city apartment, but for country house- very important. By the way, almost all modern hinges are sold treated with just such lubricants.

How to change door hinges - progress of work

The hinges have served for many years and are obsolete.
Left and right hinges of modern manufacture.
A simple lever made from scrap materials will help you remove the door.
Unscrewing old hinges can sometimes be very difficult.
The old socket in the door frame must be adjusted to the size of the new hinge.
If the nest is chosen too deep, you can install a hardboard liner in it.
The hinge card is screwed to the door frame with long self-tapping screws.
To make installation of the door leaf easier, the rod at the bottom hinge can be shortened slightly.
After sawing off the rod with a needle file, remove the chamfer.
If necessary, the sockets on the edge of the door leaf also need to be corrected.
The top hinge card is screwed to the door leaf.
The door leaf took its place.

Replacing door hinges - photo

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Hinges are accessories that just a few years ago were an unremarkable unit of one option. Now the situation has changed and this fittings may be different. Hinges are required for opening and closing doorways. There are several options for mounting door hardware; the methods directly depend on the type of door. To carry out this work, some skills are required, suitable tool and the concept of a certain sequence of actions. Most often, hidden loops are chosen, since they are almost invisible and thanks to this everything looks more attractive. Insertion of hinges closed sample accessible to any master.

Hinge options for interior doors

There are currently five options door awnings. Each option has its own specificity and strengths. You can find and purchase the following types of canopies:

straight or card - simple classic, with special side plates;
corner - similar to the first, classic canopy with a slight difference in the shape of the plates, most often installed on pendulum structures;
“invisible” - special mechanisms that are recessed into the door leaf, most often used on expensive doorways;
eversible - there are no plates, but only pins on a special eversible axis;
Italian - equipped with a special hinge, installed on European doors.

All interior hanging structures are divided into universal ones and those that have a specific direction: right-handed and left-handed.

As for the loop options, they are:

mortise;
invoices;
screw-in

DIY hidden door hinges

Most often, the invisible version of the loops is a priority, as it allows you to make the object aesthetically attractive. Installation of this fittings is a little more complicated than overhead fittings and also requires more time, but if you wish and have some skill, you can install the hinges quickly and correctly with your own hands.

The advantages of this option are as follows:

Reliability and safety - thieves will not be able to enter the premises due to the fact that they cut off the hinges, as happens with overhead options; hidden hinges are hidden from outsiders.
High strength - the product can easily withstand the weight of the structure itself, made of metal or wood material.
Practicality - products can last for decades with proper care.
Visual appeal - when the doors are closed, the hinge is not visible, this allows you to maintain the aesthetics of the appearance.
Great variety - you can choose canopies that can withstand heavy loads or small designs for closet doors.

The disadvantage of this method is the fact that installation is not easy and requires some effort. In addition to this, there are a number of weaknesses of this product:

A hidden canopy is expensive compared to other options. But even among the category of hidden interior designs, you can find those that are higher or lower. It should be understood that the quality of the hinge directly affects the price of the product.
Unfortunately, there are a large number of counterfeits, you can end up purchasing a low-quality product and losing money
A noticeable disadvantage is the fact that not every canopy can be disassembled if necessary.
Due to the large recessing depth, it is not always possible to install this type of canopy.

Installing hidden hinges on doors

If you don’t delve into the installation features door design, then mounting the hinges of the hidden version is simple and straightforward: you need to cut out a niche and insert the mechanism, then securely fasten it and start using it. But in reality, everything is a little more complicated.

Installing hidden hinges yourself is not entirely easy. It is necessary to stock up on the tools needed to carry out the work. In addition, there is an instruction that describes all the stages; following the recommendations of specialists allows you to install the mechanism efficiently and quickly. The following tools and items are required for installation:

"invisible loops";
fastening elements for installation;
simple pencil;
yardstick;
sharp knife;
chisel;
screwdriver;
screwdriver;
hammer.

First of all, you need to make a hidden basting. It is important to think about which direction the door will open and at what level the hidden door hinges will be located. This is not at all blindly following the requirements for show; in fact, this will affect the ease of use, durability of the canvas and Supplies. To slow down the swinging of doors, experts advise installing special stoppers. In this case, the door will not hit adjacent furniture or the wall.

The number of hinges depends on the characteristics of the door: material, weight, purpose. Classic door requires the installation of two hinges, this is enough. A door made of heavy wood has a different weight, so a couple of hinges will not be enough; three elements need to be installed. Two are installed near the floor and top of the doorway. The third loop is located in the center of the side panel. All attachment points are marked with a pencil. It is necessary to calculate the depth of the excavation in advance.

How to install concealed awnings

As already mentioned, depending on the weight and size of the door, the number of hidden hinges is planned. The markup has specific stages, and they can be displayed in the following order:

at a distance of twenty to twenty-five centimeters from the top and bottom, a mark is placed for future loops; for convenience, you need to mark with a simple pencil;
to the future location of the canopies, it is necessary to attach loops and outline their contours;
when installing the third loop, it is placed strictly in the center, at an equal distance between the first and second;
two contours are immediately marked, internal for the canopy and external for the lining.

Marking the door, namely the door frame, is considered not an easy task. Like any other process, door marking has its own order and looks like this:

the accuracy of the door leaf is measured using a building level and secured with wooden wedges;
now you need to mark the places where the loops will be inserted;
The loops are outlined with a pencil to indicate their attachment location.

To avoid mistakes, you need to carefully carry out the insertion process. Holes must be made after several checks of the correctness of the future location of the hinged hinges of the hidden version.

How to decide on the choice of invisible loops

The hidden mechanism is a kind of invisible mechanism, equipped with a hinge, equipped with two elements connected by a screw. To do right choice When purchasing hidden mechanisms, you should listen to the recommendations of experts:

before purchasing a mechanism, you should study their features; if they are not universal, then you need to decide on the sides of the attachment - right or left;
if the hinges are inexpensive, then most likely the manufacturer saved on the control mechanism;
during installation heavy doors The issue of saving should not be prioritized;
when installing a door in a new building, it is necessary to purchase a copy with adjustment so that when the house shrinks, it is possible to correct the misalignment of the door, which will happen in any case;
when installing awnings with adjusting screws, there will be no problems with large objects drifting in - the swing angle of the sash can reach 180 degrees;
It is necessary to select hinges based on the characteristics of the door.

Door frame: how to install hidden hinges correctly

The first step to install the mechanism is milling. This is the creation of shallow recesses for recessing hinge elements. It is possible to make such connectors yourself using a hammer and chisel. The main requirement for the notch is accuracy and correct size. The depth of the notch depends on the thickness of the loop, and if a shallow one can be widened, it will be very difficult to correct an excessively deep one.

Using a drill, make a recess along the contour outlined with a simple pencil. There is no need to rush; the result depends on the measured actions. It is necessary to make recesses in the sash and in the frame. this work takes no more than forty minutes. The hinges are installed in the cleaned recesses. This involves the following actions:

the canopy is immersed in a specially made hole, you need to ensure that the part fits tightly and takes its place;
Recesses are made for the screws with a special tool - a screwdriver;
You need to insert loops into the resulting recesses and tighten them, you need to make sure that the loop does not skew.

If necessary, it is important to adjust the “invisible” hinges. In this case, you can check the functioning of the door and make sure that the “invisible” hinges are located correctly.

Hidden hinges for doors with your own hands, adjustment

The adjustment features depend on the type and version of the loop. And although the market is presented a wide range of loops for hidden installation, they all have identical adjustment options and design. To adjust the hinges, you must follow the following steps:

the cover is removed from the loop, this allows you to expose the adjustment mechanism;
to change the vertical skew of the door, you should turn the bolt; this manipulation can be done using a special hex key;
Under the mechanism panel there is a screw with which the surface of the blade is adjusted.

Expensive and complex designs have a complex adjustment mechanism in three directions at once and this makes it possible to create ideal conditions for operation and quality of service.

It is necessary to avoid the situation when hinges are purchased immediately before installing the product. Such purchases can be made in a hurry and without taking into account many features, which will negatively affect the durability of the door. It is recommended to purchase hinges in parallel with the purchase of the door, in order to take into account its dimensions and weight, and select the color of the hinges. And although they are called hidden and partially recessed, when open doors they are visible, so it is advisable to choose a shade.

Also, you should not purchase a mechanism of unknown origin or go for cheapness: hinges ensure reliable opening and closing of the door.

You can make installation easier and faster using a special template. This will help avoid mistakes when basting.

How to hide door hinges, requirements for the mechanism

There are certain requirements for fittings. The main thing is that they must withstand mechanical loads. Since the door material can be different, awnings are divided into three main categories:

for doors up to sixty kilograms of weight;
for a one hundred and twenty kilogram door;
for massive structures weighing up to two hundred and fifty kilograms.

If the door has even more weight, individual structures for fastening are made. There are a number of requirements for hinges:

they must be durable, reliable, and easy to install;
the form must be made in such a way that the fastening is as reliable as possible;
it must be taken into account that during its service life the door can open half a million times, so the material must be appropriate;
priority is given to the use of hinges made of aluminum, hard plastic or metal - depending on each specific situation;
parts must be coated with anti-corrosion agents.

If you still have questions about how to make a choice and install hidden hinges with my own hands, watch the video. There you will find answers to all questions. Install hidden hinges on our own it’s possible if you follow the recommendations and prepare the necessary tools. The use of such mechanisms will allow you to enjoy the quality and aesthetics of the product.

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