How to build a good and inexpensive sauna at your dacha with your own hands - step-by-step instructions. Budget sauna: how to get noticeable savings without losing comfort Sauna at the dacha projects

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If the size of the summer cottage does not allow the construction of a full-fledged building, then Alternative option– mini-bath. In terms of functionality, level of comfort and safety, it is absolutely not inferior to traditional steam rooms, but at the same time it requires much less usable space. Besides, self-construction baths from available and safe materials even a novice master can do it.

Available materials for the construction of a budget bathhouse

Before you build a budget sauna for your dacha, you need to decide on the material for the wall structures. As a rule, for the construction of a private steam room it is used natural wood- timber, a simple or rounded log, but increasingly, in order to save money, site owners prefer simpler and cheaper materials. The most popular of them are:

Brick.
Wooden beam.
Edged board.
Steel frame with wood cladding.
Plastic corrugated sheet.

Each material has its own strengths and weak sides, which can be advantageously used when constructing a compact steam room.

Types of economy baths

An economical bathhouse in the country is perfect solution for small garden plots, the area of which does not exceed 10 acres. This means that the structure itself must be ergonomic: up to 6 meters in length and 4 meters in width.

Let's consider the main design options that can be advantageously arranged on a small private plot.

Frame

The simplest frame bath it is built on a lightweight foundation, has a wear-resistant wooden frame, covered with high-quality materials.

To provide a small frame bath with additional protection from the negative effects of moisture and temperature changes, the structure is insulated and waterproofed.

Dry logs with a cross-section of up to 112 mm are suitable for constructing a bathhouse. To make a compact bathhouse with an area of up to 13 square meters. m, it is necessary to prepare 80 units of lumber. Can be used for insulation mineral wool, tow fiber and tow.

Frame structures do not require additional external finishing. If desired, it can be done, but this will significantly increase the costs of implementing the project.

Monolithic

Another economical option structures for construction on summer cottage. It involves the use of cheap material - wood concrete, which is prepared from sand, cement, chemical additives and filler. Sawdust from coniferous and deciduous trees, hemp and flax bonfires, rice and cotton straw stalks.

There are two technologies for constructing a bathhouse: from sawdust blocks brickwork or monolithic casting. Monolithic technology provides for a preliminary removable type with subsequent filling of the walls with the finished mixture.

Mobile

The modern market offers ready-made ergonomic bathhouse designs with various technical and operational parameters. One of them is a small sauna, which is a tent on a steel base, equipped with a mobile heater and a backpack for transportation.

There are more affordable and lightweight designs that are equipped with a small-sized steam unit.

The undoubted advantage of a mini-bath for use in the country is the ease of assembly and installation in any accessible place. Depending on the design features, dimensions and type of bathhouse, it can accommodate from 2 to 5 people.

Ergonomic

The budget barrel sauna is the most popular and sought-after design option, which has almost all the advantages of a stationary building.

This structure is a large barrel made of wood. It is divided by a special partition into two functional areas: a steam room and a shower room - for health and water treatments, and a dressing room - for installing heating equipment. A mobile barrel-shaped sauna can accommodate from 2 to 4 people in one session.

For the construction of walls, edged boards from deciduous trees up to 6 cm thick are used. A mobile economical sauna does not require a foundation, but to increase the stability of the structure it is recommended to use an additional wooden base made of boards up to 5 cm thick.

If the bathhouse is intended to be used not only in summer, but also with the onset of cold weather, then insulation of the structure is a prerequisite. For thermal insulation, frost-resistant and durable materials are used, inert to rotting and negative impacts. external factors.

Choosing a site for the construction of a country bathhouse

On a small site, it is better to build a bathhouse near existing buildings - a residential building, a summer kitchen, a sanitary unit. This option has many advantages, since it allows not only to effectively connect the usable area various buildings, but also significantly save on construction and finishing materials.

When building a bathhouse, it is necessary to take into account the following basic recommendations:

The bathhouse must be removed from any bodies of water safe distance to avoid possible flooding of premises.
The distance of the building from the hydraulic structure should be 15 meters, from neighboring areas - 5 meters.
It is better to locate the bathhouse in the backyard or south side of the site.
You should not build a building near a road, field or garden.
All fire safety rules must be observed.
When developing a project, it is taken into account competent organization ventilation and wastewater systems, as well as safe installation of steam and heat insulation protection.

Construction of a budget bathhouse at the dacha using frame technology

It is possible for any owner to build a bathhouse in a country house with minimal investment. small area, according to construction technology All work is carried out step by step in the following order:

Preparing the site for construction.
Construction of the foundation.
Harness wooden frame.
External wall cladding.
Thermal insulation.
Arrangement of communications.
Installation of heating equipment and furniture.

Site preparation and foundation construction

On initial stage it is necessary to prepare the site for construction. The area is cleared of dirt and vegetation and leveled. Next, the foundation for the bathhouse is arranged.

A cheap option for a foundation for a frame bath - it is durable and durable. It is recommended to use asbestos cement pipes as supports.

The required number of recesses are prepared for the pipes around the perimeter and at the junctions of the walls.

The installation step of the supports is selected taking into account the type of soil and the maximum load exerted on the base.

Shrinkage of the supports is carried out to a depth of up to 150 cm, while a drainage (15 cm) cushion based on sand and fine crushed stone is first poured into the bottom of the pit.

The pipes are installed in a vertical position, with fittings placed in each. The cavity of the pipes is concreted, the area around each pipe is also filled with mortar.

After the concrete has hardened, a wooden or metal grillage under the frame is installed on each support.

Timber frame strapping

The frame for a budget wooden bath is made of timber 15x15 cm in size, dried and treated with moisture-proofing compounds. The initial crown is laid on the waterproofed base with alignment around the perimeter. Laying method - in the paw.

The walls are erected to the required height with the organization of door and window openings. The crowns are fixed to each other using wooden dowels. The beams are insulated with jute fiber or tow.

On the upper crown, the rafters are fixed to metal brackets, taking into account the configuration of the future roof. For a pitched roof, the rafters are fixed with external and internal supports, for gable roof– at the bottom the rafters are mounted to the load-bearing walls, and at the top they are brought together in the form of a roof ridge.

External wall cladding and thermal insulation

Even simple and compact sauna needs high-quality thermal insulation and external cladding. For frame structure you can use available and cheap materials - OSB and CSP (cement-bonded particle boards), moisture-resistant plywood and boards.

The sheathing is mounted on the finished frame using self-tapping screws, and the joints are filled with foam or sealant.

Reliable thermal insulation will provide additional protection for the wooden structure from increased moisture and temperature changes. Mineral and ecological wool, polystyrene foam sheets, reed boards and jute can be used as a heat insulator.

Thermal insulation materials are installed in the free space between the inner and outer cladding, preventing the formation of cracks that could lead to heat loss.

A vapor barrier layer made of glassine or polyethylene film.

Arrangement of communications

At this stage, all main communications are laid - water supply (cold and hot), waste and ventilation system, electrical wiring.

The laying of the sewage system - the construction of a drainage well, a septic tank or a tie-in into the central sewer system - must be provided for at the stage of constructing the foundation.

It is better to make a wooden base a leaky structure with a small hole for drainage. The floor is arranged with a minimum slope of 5 degrees.

Next, reinforced electrical wiring is laid. Afterwards the insulation of the wall and ceiling structures using improvised and moisture-resistant materials, decorative finishing clapboard or plywood. Finally, doors and windows, heating equipment and electrical appliances are installed.

Installation of heating equipment and furniture

For frame village bathhouse At the dacha, it is recommended to choose a compact and economical heater - an electric stove or a wood stove with a metal body. Massive stoves require the construction of an additional foundation, which will entail increased costs for the construction and maintenance of the bathhouse.

Finally, a standard set of furniture is installed - shelves and benches for the steam room, a table, chairs and hangers for the dressing room (dressing room), benches and shelves for the shower room.

The construction of a small private bathhouse on a personal plot is a complex and responsible undertaking. To get a decent result from your work, experts recommend drawing up detailed plan construction process. This will simplify the passage of the main stages of work and avoid serious mistakes.

Step-by-step instructions for building a mini-bath include the following steps:

Choosing a location on a building site.
Construction of a foundation for a bathhouse.
Construction of walls, partitions and interfloor ceilings.
Installation of the rafter system.
Thermal insulation, waterproofing and vapor barrier of walls, ceilings and floors.
External insulation and cladding.
Installation of heating equipment and chimney.
Laying floors, installing door and window structures.
Communications supply.
Internal cladding of premises.
Selection and arrangement of furniture, bath accessories.

Projects of small-sized baths

Construction work begins with the preparation of the design of the future bathhouse. Here it is important to take into account all the main parameters: dimensions and internal layout, location, construction and Decoration Materials, furniture and equipment.

The most common sizes of budget baths are:

3x3

Square one-story building of 9 square meters. m - the most affordable option small bathhouse. It provides for a steam room and a washing room, located on 4 squares with a minimum set of furniture, as well as a dressing room of 4 square meters. m with a folding table and benches. Here you can also organize a locker room and a relaxation area. A small corridor is intended for convenient storage of bath accessories.

4×3

Bathhouse project for 12 sq. m provides for a budget construction designed for a small company of 2-3 people. The overall space of the bathhouse can be divided into several functional zones by thin partitions made of timber: a steam room, a washing room and a dressing room. A small tray with a drain hole is installed in the washing room. For such a bath, it is recommended to choose a compact metal wood-burning heater or an electric stove.

4x4

Bathhouse project for 16 sq. m is quite in demand due to its spaciousness. A standard building is built on one floor and may include the following premises: a steam room, a washing room, a dressing room, a sanitary unit and a rest room. In some cases, such a project provides for an open terrace. The bathhouse may have a second floor, equipped as a guest room, game room or office. To build such a bathhouse, timber, logs, cinder blocks and bricks are used.

4x5

Budget project for a country bathhouse for 20 square meters. m includes a minimum of structural elements. As a rule, the building is built on one floor and is divided into a steam room, a washing room, a relaxation room and a terrace. Heating equipment and furniture are installed in the steam room, an area with shower and sanitary facilities is installed in the washing room, and Appliances and furniture. This project may not include a dressing room, which allows you to get a fairly practical summer option baths

6x4

The most popular project for a small-sized bathhouse of 24 square meters. m, which consists of a steam room and a washing room of the same area, a dressing room, small room for relaxation combined with a terrace. Such dimensions of the building allow it to be used for a company of 4-6 people. To save space, multi-tiered folding shelves can be installed in the steam room. If desired, you can reduce the area of the rest room by allocating a small room for a locker room.

Photo examples of ready-made baths in the country

Before starting the construction process, it is necessary to develop a working design and draw up detail drawing indicating technical parameters future building. Original and popular options for budget bathhouses in summer cottages, built with your own hands, in our photo selection.

A functional frame bathhouse on a summer cottage is an accessible and relatively cheap construction option for home use. To reduce construction costs, you can create your own project, and also use only inexpensive and practical materials. A compact heating stove, made by yourself, will also help to significantly reduce the cost of servicing the finished bath.

Traditionally, bathhouses are usually installed on their own personal plots or at dachas in the form of separate buildings. However, not everyone has enough territory to install such a full-fledged bath complex. In this case, a mini sauna for a summer residence comes to the rescue.

You can build this miracle yourself, based on the space allocated for it. In this case, you will need to draw up a full-fledged project with scrupulous geometric calculations. Also, this stage is easily delegated to professionals who, for a certain cost (it can be quite large) as soon as possible will provide the result. In some cases, it is appropriate to use ready-made standard proposals.

Dimensions

A mini sauna for a dacha, built with your own hands, will bring more joy to the owner and will allow you to significantly save on the project and on paying third-party builders. At the design stage, you will have to pay attention to the fact that in projects for mini-baths for summer cottages, as a rule, not all traditional rooms found in classic bathhouse complexes are included.

In most cases, such buildings are devoid of rest rooms and other frills. Only functionally important elements remain:

a steam room that combines the functions of a washing room;
a dressing room where people undress and leave things.

Pouring the foundation

The implementation of a do-it-yourself mini bathhouse project for a summer cottage begins with the construction of a foundation. Since the structure is supposed to carry a small load, in most cases they make do with support-column piles or a shallow strip foundation.

For a small structure, a strip base is suitable

The second option is relevant for loose soft soils. Piles are used in cases where the soil is quite hard and digging a deep trench is not advisable. When the mini sauna in the country (the video is presented on the page) will be mounted on hard and dry soil, they will make do with pouring a lightweight version of the foundation. To form it, a layer of stones is laid close to each other over the entire area of the future building. A layer of clay is applied on top of it and compaction is carried out. After carrying out such work, it is necessary to level the surface and then lay a waterproofing layer on it.

If a mini bathhouse for a summer residence (the photo is on our website) requires the presence of a strip foundation, then the following actions are carried out:

a sand cushion of up to 150 mm is poured into the trench;
roofing felt is laid for waterproofing;
wooden formwork is installed;
Prepared concrete is poured into the formwork cavity.

To make a columnar foundation for a mini bathhouse for a summer residence, you need to buy concrete pillars and bury them at approximately equal distances from each other, 0.8-1.0 m. This type of foundation will be relevant for frame construction.

It is also worth paying attention to pile-screw foundation, which is much easier to install than concrete pillars, but at the same time is a more durable base.

The distance between piles should not exceed two meters around the perimeter of the building. Piles can be screwed in manually or using special equipment (hole drill), and they are always immersed to a depth below the freezing level of the soil (150-200 cm).

Piles for one house with an area of up to 60 sq.m. two people can do it in 1 day.

Wall installation

You can make it easier to build a foundation for yourself using the frame construction method. This option is the most economical in this situation.

Construction of walls

The inner side of the installed wooden frame is sheathed with timber. At the next stage, a layer of thermal insulation is formed. To ensure the effective functioning of a budget mini-sauna in a country house, installed with your own hands, you need to choose the right insulation layer. The following materials serve as it:

mineral wool;
sawdust with clay;
expanded clay

Covering the outside with a block house will give an elegant appearance designs. You can choose the finishing of the building in the same style as the house located on the site.

When choosing materials, it is necessary to take into account their fireproof properties.

Water supply and drainage

In order for a mini sauna for a summer residence to be inexpensive, it is necessary to install an effective but compact drainage system. A hole with a useful volume of about 100 liters is dug nearby for it. This is enough for 1-2 people. You can put a barrel without a bottom inside it to prevent the walls from collapsing. It is necessary to lay the pipeline from the steam room taking into account the operating time of the mini bath. For winter period plastic sewer pipe deepen below 0.8-1.0 m so that it does not freeze.

Draining

To provide a mini sauna at the dacha hot water, you need to buy an inexpensive electric heating element. It will quickly heat a small volume of water, which will reduce the time it takes to light the stove. Containers with water are placed higher so that it can be used without additional pumping, and it flows by gravity. In some cases, a mixer is installed.

The water drain can also be connected to a common home sewer system. This option will reduce the cost of additional equipment autonomous system drainage.

Drain communications are laid at a slight angle of inclination so that water does not linger in the cavities. For an autonomous pit, a layer of expanded clay or coarse crushed stone is provided at the bottom of the cavity. From above it is necessary to reliably insulate it from freezing. It is enough to lay a layer of soil or clay.

Ventilation installation

In order for a mini bathhouse in the countryside assembled with your own hands to look like in the photo for a long time, it is necessary to provide it with high-quality ventilation. If this is not done, then it will form inside bad smell, which will be difficult to get rid of. At good ventilation internal wooden base long time will have therapeutic and prophylactic properties.

Ventilation

For a small bathhouse, a glazed window will be suitable, which will be located opposite front door. It can also be seen by simple holes with a damper in the wall. If the budget allows, then buy an exhaust or supply opening of the required dimensions.

Even when building a frame bath, you need to pay attention to thermal insulation. It doesn’t matter what the temperature inside the room and steam room will be if more than 50% of the heat escapes through the walls and ceiling. The main points of heat loss are walls, floors and ceilings. To insulate them, standard heat insulators are used, but with mandatory waterproofing.

Single design

The simplest option is a frame mini-sauna in the country, installed with your own hands. The minimum size of the structure is often limited to a length of 2 meters. Its width rarely exceeds 1.3-1.5 m. The outer layer is lining, and the waterproofing is roofing felt. The room can be heated with a powerful heater up to 4 kW. It is located next to the heater made of fragments of soapstone or basalt.

Single bathhouse

Limestone, flint or layered sandstones should not be used as heating stones for the heater.

If space allows, it can be filled with a wood-burning stove. Small room it will warm up very quickly.

VIDEO: Mini sauna. The dream of all summer residents! Log house 2x3 and dressing room made of clapboard

What could be nicer after a long time? working day in the garden, visit a steam room with a fragrant fresh broom? It will immediately relieve fatigue and back pain will subside! But not everyone knows how to build a bathhouse on a garden plot with your own hands, economically and in compliance with the rules. We will teach our readers how to assemble an inexpensive but high-quality bathhouse using all technologies.

A bathhouse in a garden plot should not only be practical, but also beautiful.

For a garden plot, choose a small bathhouse made of inexpensive material. You can assemble a structure from timber or frame, so you don’t have to build a massive foundation. The main thing is that the bathhouse in the garden meets a number of requirements:

includes a steam room for 2-3 people, a dressing room, a small rest area and a locker room;
the stove is wood-burning, since not every area has electricity, and firewood is always available;
the firebox can go into the dressing room, so the room will warm up without extra costs;
The steam room and water should warm up quickly;
can be used not only in summer, but also in cool times in spring or autumn;
located at a remote distance from the house and no closer than 1 m to neighboring areas and plantings;
minimal costs for materials and finishing, according to the principle of “we sculpt from scrap materials”;
All work can be done with your own hands.

To comply with all the rules, you need to make a plan. You can use a standard one, which can be taken from any commercial website. But it's better to cook individual project Moreover, it will not have to be approved by architectural companies in the city. It’s a good idea to choose projects with a small veranda. In winter, the veranda can be used for tools, and in summer it will serve as a relaxation area. Comfortable benches and a table are placed on the veranda.

Project of a small cottage for a garden plot.

If the bathhouse will be used as an additional room, for example, a guest room, then choose projects with an attic. In early spring You can live in the attic yourself, without having to heat the garden house.

How to choose materials economically?

You can purchase everything new for construction, but it will be more economical to use available materials: old window frames, doors, everything will go into action. You can make a good water heater from an old boiler, or cook a stove from Kamaz wheels. Wood can be taken from the forest, old dead wood. But initially you need to get a permit from the local forestry, the price of the issue is from 50 rubles / m3. Agree it's cheap.

Another plus is that dead wood will not shrink as much as chamber-dried wood. The felling is carried out on straight trees with less rot. Bottom part sawed off, since the tree begins to rot from the root. The length of the log is taken from 2.5 m, with a cross-section of 18–25 cm. The bark and knots are removed from the logs and sanded. It will be difficult to remove a larger diameter from the forest on your own, as well as living wood.

A sauna built with your own hands at the dacha from dead wood.

To work you will need the following tools:

chainsaw, for example Makita;
electric planer, the speed of working with a log depends on its quality;
grinder with attachments for metal and stone, for foundations and stoves;
axe;
improvised tools (screwdriver, screwdriver, pliers, etc.).

If you decide to buy a new one construction material choose the most inexpensive one, for example, simple edged timber natural humidity, round timber or foam blocks. Linden lining is used as finishing, the price of which starts from 120 rubles.

For roofing, purchase inexpensive roofing felt, slate or ondulin. Issue price from 70 rubles.

Mineral wool and ecowool are used as insulation. but you can collect and dry moss from the forest. This way you will save at least 15,000 rubles.

After purchasing materials, you can begin construction.

The main stages of building a bathhouse on a garden plot

All construction takes place in several stages:

Foundation installation.
Assembly of walls.
Roof, floor and ceiling.
Insulation and vapor barrier.
External and internal finishing.
Improvement.

Let's look at each stage in more detail.

Installation of a foundation in a garden plot

To build a foundation, you need to purchase material. Which one will depend on the choice of foundation. The most inexpensive option is to fill the columns or make a non-buried strip.

It’s easier and cheaper to make a strip foundation for a bathhouse yourself.

The work is performed in the following order:

For the posts and strip base, markings are made and removed upper layer soil.
They drill wells or dig a trench. The depth should be no less than freezing of the soil. A sand cushion is placed at the bottom of the trench and compacted thoroughly. Then a layer of gravel is poured. A frame made of reinforcement is simply inserted into the wells.
For strip formwork, formwork is made to a base height of at least 20 cm.
The formwork is bound with reinforcement and binding wire.
Concrete is poured. It is important to fill in one step, since the base must be monolithic.
On hot days, the foundation is shed with water 2-3 times a day for a week, until it is completely ripe. After a week, the foundation is opened and allowed to dry completely. Without watering, the base will dry unevenly and may crack.
Remove the formwork.
Columns in loose soil can be covered with roofing felt before pouring. Reinforcement is left on top for further tying.

At the stage of installing the foundation, it is necessary to take care of the drainage system and the foundation pad under the stove. For iron stove there is no need to make a massive base, since the structure is 3–4 times lighter than a brick one.

After drying, the foundation must be waterproofed on top with roofing felt in 2 layers.

Assembling log walls

The walls begin to assemble from bottom trim. It is made from moisture-resistant wood, such as aspen or larch. A log or beam of larger cross-section is taken and laid on the foundation. From below it is necessary to lay thin sticks in two rows; they will ensure uniform shrinkage of the walls.

The log house is assembled onto a finished and waterproofed foundation.

You can assemble the box with an outlet or in a closed corner. A corner connection with an outlet “into the bowl” is considered warmer, but it is easier to assemble it “into the paw” with your own hands. The beams or logs must be fastened together with wooden dowels. They can be made independently or from any type of wood.

Between each log or beam, insulation made of moss or flax is laid. When laying logs, pay attention to the cracks; they are hidden inside the masonry. Before laying, compensating cuts are made in the timber to reduce cracking.

Laying is carried out up to the top log according to the plan. Door and window openings do not need to be cut out immediately.

Before laying any lumber, it is important to treat it with an antiseptic compound, for example, Senezh. Do not use old machine oil or a mixture of copper sulfate, at high temperatures they will emit toxic fumes.

When the box is assembled, proceed to the roof rafter system.

Assembling the rafter system of the bathhouse

The roof for a bathhouse in a garden plot is chosen to be of the simplest design, single or gable.

Simple gable roof Ideal for a bath.

The shed is laid on the mauerlat, on the one hand, on the other, it can be laid directly on the top log. The gable is assembled on the ground and lifted upward in separate elements.

Roofing felt is used as a roof for a bathhouse in a garden plot. If the log house was assembled from wood with natural moisture, we do not recommend laying slate or ondulin right away. The building is left to shrink for 1 year. It is necessary for the bathhouse to stand for all seasons with a rough roof, only after that they lay a finishing one and begin installing windows and doors.

Windows and doors

In a small bathhouse there is no need to have many windows and doors. It is enough to install a window in the dressing room for ventilation and doors to the steam room and the entrance. According to fire safety regulations, doors must be opened from the inside.

Before installing windows and doors in the bathhouse, a frame is made from 40x20 mm timber in the garden plot. The window frame is installed to prevent distortions and jamming of windows and doors in any wooden structure.

Finishing a bathhouse in a garden plot

After shrinkage, the log house must be caulked. To save money, use dried forest moss. Caulking is done along the entire perimeter of the log house, punching through each log on both sides. It is necessary to caulk the bathhouse starting from the bottom, rising throughout the entire structure. If you caulk first one wall, then the second, the bathhouse will warp.

The inside of the bathhouse is hydro- and vapor-insulated using foil insulation. The material is laid end-to-end, sealing the seams with metal tape. A sheathing is made on top, onto which clapboard or linden is sewn.

The inside of the bathhouse is lined with clapboards and a canopy is installed.

Canopies and benches for a bathhouse in a garden plot can be made with your own hands from boards. The structure is sheathed on top with the same clapboard. For convenience, hangers and a mirror are hung.

The stove is thermally insulated, and the chimney outlet is lined with asbestos. Water can be supplied from a homemade well or a well can be built next to the bathhouse.

A sauna in a garden plot can be assembled quickly with your own hands. But it will take free time and diligence. If neither the first nor the second is available, then it is better to use the services of professionals who will assemble a small steam room in a matter of days. What kind of bath could it be? manual cutting in the garden plot, look at the video:

You want to get a bathhouse, but your summer cottage is so small that it does not allow you to build a steam room standard dimensions? The best way out of the situation is a mini-bath. In terms of functionality and comfort, it is in no way inferior to traditional structures, but it takes up much less space and does not require serious expenses. In addition, you can easily make a small steam room for your dacha with your own hands - then we will tell you how to bring such an idea to life.

Design and foundation

It is impossible to build even a small bathhouse without at least the simplest project, so the first stage of work is drawing up a plan diagram. Here you need to indicate the location of the main objects and their dimensions.

As a rule, there are four zones in a bathhouse:

dressing room - enough space with an area of 1.5 x 2 m;
rest room - about 2 x 2 m;
shower room - at least 1 x 1 m;
steam room - no more than 1.5 x 2 m.

Thus, we obtain the minimum dimensions of the bath: length – 6 m, height – 2 m, width – 2.5 m. This is quite enough to create a comfortable and practical steam room.

The second stage of work is pouring the foundation. When deciding on the type of foundation, focus on the type of soil in the area.

If the mini-bath is being built on hard and dry ground, you can limit yourself to a lightweight foundation: lay flat stones, cover them with clay, compact them, and arrange a dense layer on top wooden beams and treat them with waterproofing bitumen.

If your site has soft soil, lay a strip foundation: dig a trench, fill it alternately with layers of sand and crushed stone, compact the base and secure a reinforcing mesh on top, and then fill the pit with cement mortar.

Important! The strip foundation must be covered with a layer of waterproofing. The simplest option is sheets of roofing felt.

On soil with a high sand content, a foundation of concrete blocks can be laid under a miniature bathhouse. For a lightweight design, 10 blocks of standard dimensions 20 x 20 x 40 cm are enough.

Construction of a bath frame

The best method of constructing a mini-bath is frame. It is lightweight, fast and economical. To build the frame you will need:

bars 5 x 5 cm;
boards 2.5 cm thick;
waterproofing film or foil;
thermal insulation material.

First, a frame is assembled from beams, corresponding in its dimensions and configuration to the previously developed project. The inside of the frame is covered with boards. To connect the elements together, use all kinds of anchors and various screws. Insulating materials are mounted on top of the boards: mineral wool, expanded clay or sawdust can be used as thermal insulation, and bitumen or polymer mastics can be used as waterproofing. It is necessary to insulate not only the walls, but also the floor and ceiling.

Advice. It is advisable to additionally cover the thermal and waterproofing of the ceiling with roll-up boards - a row of wooden boards.

After insulation procedures, you need to take care of the roof. As a covering, you can use corrugated sheeting, slate or metal tiles: first mount the rafter system on the frame, and then secure the roof to it with self-tapping screws. When constructing the roof, leave an opening for the chimney.

The outside of the mini-bath can be covered with a block house or clapboard - these materials will give the structure an aesthetic appearance.

Arrangement of communications

The final stage of work on the mini-bath is the arrangement of the necessary communication systems.

Water supply and drainage. Feeding can be done by gravity:

Prepare two 50 liter tanks, a hose and a pipe with a mixer.
Tank for hot water install 0.5 m lower than the cold tank.
Connect the tanks together with a hose: fix one end in the lower zone of the “cold” tank, the other in the upper zone of the “hot” tank.
Additionally, connect the tanks with a pipe with a mixer at the end.

To ensure water drainage you will need a drainage system:

Dig a drainage well near the steam room.
Make holes in the floor of the bathhouse for drainage.
Bring the pipes to the holes, installing them with a slight slope.
Direct the pipe into the drainage well.

Water heating system. To heat water, you can use a mini-stove or heating elements. In the first case, you must first install the device, and then in its hottest place, going around the base of the chimney, install a U-shaped metal pipe: the supply end of the pipe should be placed on the body, and the outlet end 5 cm higher. In the second case, it is necessary to install heating elements under the “cold” tank and connect them to the water supply system with hoses and pipes.

Ventilation system. To ensure ventilation in a small bathhouse, it is enough to make holes with a damper in the wall opposite the entrance.

A mini-sauna is the choice of those who do not want to give up a full-fledged steam room due to the modest dimensions of their summer cottage. As you can see, building it with your own hands is not difficult: foundation, frame, communications - you will successfully cope with these tasks if you follow simple recommendations and rules.

Do-it-yourself mini-sauna: video

Many owners of land plots prefer to have on their suburban areas your bathhouse. Dimensions and internal layout of a bathhouse are a purely individual matter, especially since on several hundred square meters, when everyone is precious square meter, it is unlikely that anyone will erect a massive structure.

If you mean inexpensively, and even with your own hands, then the choice of options for building a bathhouse is not so large. Which bathhouse is more appropriate to build at the dacha, what to take into account and provide for - this is discussed in the article.

When it comes to erecting any building on a summer cottage, various instructions, recommendations and advice, a very important issue is most often overlooked - the specifics of the operation of the facility. In other words, is the dacha a place of permanent (year-round) residence, or do the owners come to the site only during the season? In the first case, we should talk about full country house. Both it and all other buildings (including the bathhouse) must be built completely. Expensive or cheap is another question.

Firstly, it’s hardly worth counting on being able to come to the dacha to take a steam bath in winter. main reason– skidding on the roads. If you can still drive up to the massif itself, then get along the alleys to own dacha quite problematic.

Secondly, it is necessary to take into account how long it will take to heat the bathhouse. For the majority of summer residents, it is needed on the site only when the owners work or relax on it. And going out of town for the whole day just to take a steam bath for an hour is a dubious pleasure.

Thirdly, the idea of building a bathhouse comes, as a rule, 2–3 years after the development of the site, when everything has already been planned and arranged, including the plantings. Or if the purchased dacha does not have it. It’s unlikely that anyone will want to launch large-scale construction on inhabited territory.

Therefore, before you figure out “how to build” and “inexpensively”, you should find out what materials and technologies can be considered optimal for summer bath in the country. This information will be much more useful than " step-by-step instruction”, Moreover, it is not a fact that this is the option that the reader will choose.

Wood

Log or timber (in any modification) – The best decision. The cost of materials cannot be called high, there is no need for a “heavy” foundation, and in terms of “environmental cleanliness” and the effectiveness of procedures, there are no complaints. But there is one “but”.

A bathhouse (at a dacha or other place) is a specific structure. One of the main requirements for it is maximum thermal insulation. Building a high-quality log house with your own hands, no matter what the various instructions say, is quite a complicated matter. How to make joints of workpieces “in the paw”, “in the clap” or in another way is simple and understandable only on paper. But in practice, rarely anyone can build it themselves good bath from logs or timber. Here, only the materials are cheap, but the services of a professional are expensive.

Cellular concrete

Such construction is considered budget-friendly. But is it really that simple? Gas silicate intensively absorbs moisture. The stone itself is inexpensive, but finishing the bath (primarily waterproofing) will not be cheap. It's about the same with foam concrete. In addition, the blocks are “set” on the mortar, so you will need a concrete mixer with all the accompanying “delights” - heaps of sand, crushed stone, bags of cement and dirt in the country.

Is it worth organizing full-scale construction if most garden plots contain only small, lightweight houses? In any case, it is also quite difficult to call such a bathhouse cheap if we're talking about specifically about the summer version.

A brick bathhouse should not be considered - this definitely cannot be done either “with your own hands” (a complex matter that requires professionalism) or “inexpensively”. The most acceptable solution for a dacha is a bathhouse built according to frame technology. Let’s look at the features of its construction.

Frame bathhouse in the country

Dimensions

Taking into account the fact that there is not too much free space at the dacha, you will have to be content with a small building. There is another reason that limits the size of the bathhouse. By definition, it is a fire hazard, so it is built at a distance from residential buildings (both your own country house and neighbors), as well as fences and roads - at least 15 m. But this is in theory. In practice, you just need to clarify what restrictions apply to your dacha area. Perhaps local conditions are more “mild”.

But we definitely can’t talk about a massive structure with several rooms. For a dacha, the optimal size of a bathhouse will be 3.5 x 3.5 or 3 x 4 m. It is quite enough to divide the building into 3 rooms (dressing room, steam room and washing room), and it will be really inexpensive.

Foundation

For a small bathhouse in a country house, the best solution is a pile-grillage foundation. Firstly, you can install screw supports yourself. You only need one assistant to ensure that the pile does not go sideways during installation. Secondly, such supports are easy to expand with additional “knees”. Consequently, groundwater and freezing depth are not the determining criteria when choosing the type of foundation. The pile foundation is suitable for almost any terrain. The main thing is to correctly calculate the installation depth of the supports. Thirdly, there is no need for any earthworks, which is important for a developed summer cottage.

There are others inexpensive options- installation of a bathhouse on sleepers, stones and the like - but this is unlikely good decision. The possibility of soil heaving cannot be discounted, so such a bathhouse will have to be constantly reconstructed.

Is it possible to do without a grillage?

In relation to the bathhouse - no. And that's why. If the wind is blowing under the building, then the floors will be constantly cold. This means that it is necessary to think about their maximum insulation, and this will lead to higher construction costs.

Frame

Since we are talking about a small-sized bathhouse, it is not difficult to assemble the “skeleton” by installing timber in the corners. The best option is to make the strapping, sheathing and carry out all other finishing activities with your own hands without any difficulty.

Main stages of bathhouse construction

Marking the territory and laying the foundation

What to consider:

Piles are screwed into the ground at the corners, as well as at the abutment points interior walls to the outside. Depending on their length, additional supports are placed at intervals of approximately 2 m. If the soil is soft, you can drive in pipes and pour concrete mortar into them for strength. All that remains is to align them on top in a horizontal plane and weld on the heads.
The root system of most weeds develops at a depth of up to 150 mm. Therefore, you will have to excavate the soil in the outlined rectangle (square) to prevent the germination of weeds under the bathhouse. The thickness of the layer is about 30 cm. Why, it will become clear later.
To prevent the appearance groundwater in this area, the soil should be compacted and rich clay should be poured, which is also compacted. The result will be a primary layer of waterproofing.
Next is a thickened P/E film (the cheapest insulating material).
On top there is a backfill of expanded clay (10 cm is enough). It will provide additional insulation of the “bottom” of the bathhouse, so the influence of the cold coming from the ground will be practically neutralized.
Experienced builders recommend doing and cement screed. But this is already taking into account that it is not a residential building that is being erected, but a bathhouse - at the discretion of the owner.

Assembling the bath frame

Its elements need to be attached to something. Therefore, the piles are first tied. For the support frame, it is better to purchase used sleepers. This is already prepared (impregnated) material, which can be purchased either at the railway or at a specialized enterprise, from the so-called substandard.

Another option is to purchase timber. The blanks have the correct geometry, it is not difficult to fasten them together with your own hands (staples, plates, corners). All that remains is to impregnate it with special agents (antiseptic + fire retardant) and dry it. In practice, it is enough to process machine oil(spent), in some cases, and coat with liquid tar.

Installing vertical posts from the same timber is also not a problem. The strapping is done with slats.

Sheathing of the structure

The most inexpensive options are boards or multilayer plywood (FC or FSF). Such sheets are cheap, and given the fact that they are characterized by high moisture resistance, they are quite suitable for a bathhouse.

Everything else concerns the internal arrangement. Here everyone has their own decision.

For a country bath best option roofs are flat (single-pitched). It hardly makes sense to build a rafter system if any site already has a utility room for storage gardening tools. A flat roof is the most inexpensive option.
For a country bath, it is advisable to choose a small heater. This one (to the question of “inexpensive”). And there will be no problems with fuel.
When choosing timber, you should focus on larch. Considering the specific structure, especially excess moisture, it is better suited than other breeds. When wet, this tree only gains strength, which is what is required from the point of view of the durability of the structure.
It is quite difficult to insulate a frame bathhouse, since there will definitely be gaps. Therefore, since all the finishing is done with your own hands, it is advisable to focus on insulation with a reflective surface. For example, Penofol (also inexpensive). Taking into account the small dimensions of a country bath, a thickness of 10 - 12 mm is quite enough. Please note - the material is laid with foil inside the room!

Perhaps the information provided is enough to understand which bathhouse option for a summer residence is better.

Many specialized companies market ready-made house structures as inexpensive bathhouses for summer cottages, which are delivered to the site and installed on a pre-prepared foundation. The starting price is about 105,000 rubles (2.5 x 4). It seems inexpensive. But this does not take into account several points.

Firstly, will heavy equipment be able to drive through country lanes?

Secondly, will the reach of the crane boom be sufficient to install a bathhouse in the location chosen for it?

Thirdly, such houses have only a rough finish. Consequently, issues of insulation, purchase and installation of a stove, laying communications and a number of others will have to be resolved separately. And these are additional costs.

Therefore, this option is unlikely to fall into the “inexpensive” category. It’s easier to build in the country frame house under the bathhouse with your own hands.

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