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Bottom PD 10 volume of concrete m3. Road plate PD10

Bottom PD 10 volume of concrete m3. Road plate PD10

Well bottoms (bottom plates) PD 10 bottom plate are a prefabricated element that is designed to prevent runoff water from entering the ground and groundwater into the well system. They are used in water supply, gas, sewer wells, as well as in the construction of drinking wells, septic tanks and cesspools. The products are suitable for use in dry and moisture-saturated subsidence soils.

The reliability of the entire structure depends on the quality of the bottom plate and the correctness of its installation. Well bottom PD 10 bottom plate designed to withstand any load despite soil mobility and the influence of groundwater. The size of the product is selected in accordance with the size of rings, covers and manholes.

Advantages

  • High level of strength and durability finished products thanks to the use of high quality materials
  • Quick and easy installation due to precise overall dimensions
  • Resistance to lateral, static and dynamic loads
  • Simple, low-labor maintenance and cleaning
  • Products are suitable for any type of soil

The well bottom slab is a round-shaped reinforced concrete product. The diameter of the bottom should not be less than the diameter of the outer ring. There are several modifications of slabs, differing in height, diameter and weight. An alphanumeric designation is used to mark them. It is recommended to select modifications with a specialist to avoid incorrect calculations.

Specifications

  • In the manufacture of the bottom slab, heavy concrete class B15 (M200) is used.
  • The frost resistance index of concrete is F100
  • The waterproof rating of concrete is W4
  • Reinforcement is carried out with steel class Bp-I or AI-AIII
  • Products are equipped with steel mounting loops class A-I
  • To be able to use well elements in aggressive soil environments, in concrete mixture add sulfate-resistant cement, which tolerates reactive and chemical substances well.

Selecting a location

Before starting construction of the structure, it is necessary to decide on its location. The site must be convenient for use. When building a water supply or sewer well, be sure to calculate its volume, depending on daily requirement water and wastewater disposal.

Installation

Well bottom plate PD 10 bottom plate is lowered into the shaft first and laid horizontally. After it, wall rings are installed, which are covered well cover and a hatch. The joints between the bottom and the wall rings are carefully sealed with mortar with the addition of cement.

The bottom must be installed level, on the prepared cushion and concrete base, ensuring stabilization of the structure. Otherwise, misalignment may occur, which will lead to cracks and failure of the well seal. Before installing a well bottom, it is recommended to examine the soil and determine the depth of groundwater.

The mark of the well axis is verified using a level. Sometimes during installation a slope is created towards the outlet pipe to avoid the formation excess water in system. We should not forget about additional waterproofing of the bottom of the well.

The bottom slab bears the weight of the entire structure, therefore it is made of heavy grades of concrete that are resistant to corrosion, moisture and impact low temperatures. The product is reinforced with steel rods.

Indicators by which acceptance tests are carried out

  • Brand and class of concrete for compressive strength and tempering strength
  • Concrete surface quality
  • Thickness of the protective layer of concrete before the reinforcement
  • Correspondence of metal and embedded elements
  • Strength of welded joints
  • Correct geometry

Quality control

It is mandatory to have a technical passport (certificate), which indicates the date of manufacture, grade of concrete, compressive strength of concrete, water resistance and frost resistance of concrete, results of acceptance tests.

Shrinkage cracks with a width of no more than 0.1 mm are allowed on the surface of products. Deviations in geometry should not exceed 5 mm in thickness and 6 mm in diameter. A small number of shells with a diameter of no more than 15 mm and a depth of up to 5 mm is acceptable. Mounting loops should not be hidden behind beads of concrete, as this may complicate installation.

Company experts "DSK-Stolitsa" always in touch and ready to advise you on any issue the right choice bottom plates, possible timing production and speed of delivery to the site!

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One of the most important components in the design of various types of motorized equipment is the engine starting system. The reliability of operation, the speed of switching on the motor, and therefore its correct operation directly depend on it. The PD 10 launcher is installed on MTZ tractor equipment, which is rightfully considered the most common.

The PD 10 starting motor is designed to ensure stable starting of the engine of MTZ tractors; it stands out among other analogues with its excellent technical characteristics and high stability of operation. It is a standard launcher equipped with one cylinder. Its working volume is 0.346 liters, which is quite enough to start the engine even in unfavorable conditions. The power of the unit at 3.5 thousand revolutions reaches 10 hp.

Having studied the technical characteristics of the product, it should be noted that it is of a two-stroke type and is equipped with a crank-chamber purge. The engine runs on a gasoline mixture, the quality of which is regulated using a carburetor, which allows for finer tuning of the engine. The operating principle of such a device is extremely simple.

First, the PD-10 is started through a standard tractor starter, after which it is connected to the main engine of the vehicle. With the help of mechanisms, rotational energy is transferred to the gearbox and, subsequently, the tractor crankshaft gains the necessary speed for stable independent operation. After the main engine has reached operating condition, the starting analogue stops operating.

Diagram of the PD-10 starting motor

The starting motor of this brand consists of a number of components and appears to be a complex technical unit designed to ensure a stable start of the MTZ tractor engine. Studying its structure, we can highlight the following key elements designs:

  • cylinder. Attached to the crankcase using nuts. Purge channels, strategically located tangentially to the circumference of the unit, reduce leakage of the mixture into the exhaust. The cylinder head is equipped with a spark plug;
  • piston. Made from high strength aluminum alloy. His distinctive feature is a spherical bottom, which improves the quality of cleaning the cylinder from exhaust gas. Wanting to achieve correct position piston, it should be placed so that the arrow on its bottom points towards the rear axle shaft of the crankshaft;
  • connecting rod mechanism. Made of special grade steel, equipped with a bronze bushing. The mechanism heads are one-piece, and the bearing is double-row, roller type;
  • gears;
  • crankshaft. Roller bearings with rubber seals act as its support. In order to equalize the centrifugal force, the knees of the cheeks are equipped with special weights;
  • The cooling system of the unit is connected to a similar system of the main motor.

These elements are key and take the most active part in the operation of this engine. At the same time, there are many other components, such as pins, rings, windows and other components.

PD-10 maintenance

As a rule, the launcher will not require much time from the owner to carry out maintenance work on the unit. It is important to remember that the use of fuel in pure form, without a preliminary mixture with oil, is strictly prohibited, as this can lead to engine damage and subsequent failure.

In order to refuel the engine, you will need to mix pure gasoline of proper quality and motor oil in a clean container, strictly observing the proportions of 15:1. When refueling, it is necessary to use a special filter funnel, which will prevent large and small contaminants from entering the internal components of the unit.

Scheme PD-10

As you use it, you should rinse the fuel tank sump, and promptly rinse or replace the air filter. It is recommended to do this every 480 hours of use. Since many problems that arise with the starter are associated with unsatisfactory cleanliness of the air filter, it should be periodically removed and cleaned, following the following instructions:

  1. Remove the air purifier protective cap and limiting mechanism.
  2. Remove the filter.
  3. Rinse it in diesel fuel, then moisten it with oil.
  4. Install the filter, restrictor mechanism and cap.

It is necessary to pay due attention to the maintenance of the gearbox operating in conjunction with the PD-10. First of all, the oil should be changed after 960 hours of operation, and topped up every 480 hours, as needed.

The functionality of the clutch assembly should be checked at similar intervals. During operation, it is necessary to remember that the operating time of the launcher should not be more than 10 minutes, otherwise the likelihood of its failure increases significantly.

Setup and adjustment

Its technical performance, as well as the stability and efficiency of operation, depend on the correct tuning of the engine, including the PD 10u. Adjustment of the device is carried out in several stages, the first of which is considered to be setting the carburetor.

To do this, you should set the length of the rod between the damper and the regulator, and then adjust the engine operation at low speeds. After this, they begin to adjust the crankshaft, which can be done using the appropriate spring. The more it is compressed, the higher the engine speeds.

Then, you need to start setting up the ignition system, and the last, final stage will be setting up the mechanism responsible for turning off the drive gear.

Conclusion

PD-10 can be called one of the most important components installed on tractors manufactured by MTZ. They have the necessary characteristics for stable engine starting and are unpretentious in maintenance and care. Thanks to this combination, the 10 series launchers have become incredibly widespread.

Well slab PD10 - monolithic reinforced concrete with round hole under the technological hatch and a recess into which the cover of the round well is installed. This design allows you to tightly and firmly fix the components of the well and prevent shifting under load. PD10 well slabs are indispensable when the well is located on a road surface with heavy vehicle traffic. Their purpose is to protect engineering infrastructure from the effects of dynamic loads from passing vehicles.

Application of well slabs

Installation of heavy, reliable slabs allows you to extend the service life of wells. The unified form allows them to be used for all types: drainage, sewer. The slabs can also be successfully used for other structures, primarily with service hatches, for example, when laying drainage and communication lines, installing inspection and communication wells for water supply and gas pipelines. The products are often used in the construction of military training grounds, helipads and auxiliary airfield structures. Precast concrete products protect roadbed from subsidence and deformation at the location of the well, Different kinds vehicles can safely pass through such areas. In this case, the manhole cover must be mounted so that it is flush with the road surface.

To manufacture PD10, durable and dense heavy grade concrete and powerful reinforcement with prestressed reinforcement are used, which significantly increases wear resistance. For ease of installation and transportation, the design includes mounting loops: a heavy slab will be lifted onto them when using cranes.

Quality control

PD10 is standardized for strength, water resistance (moisture absorption cannot exceed 8%), and frost resistance.

The product must be marked: the letter part indicates its category, and the digital part indicates the hole diameter rounded to the nearest dm. If necessary, additional information about the permeability of the concrete is then provided, and design features: presence of niches and cutouts, additional holes, number of mortgages. During the quality control process, products in which parts of the reinforcement protrude from the concrete layer are strictly rejected. When used under load, such products quickly begin to crumble, and the exposed reinforcement is subject to corrosion. This may threaten road safety. Control of crack resistance is also required; only minor surface cracks formed during concrete shrinkage are allowed.

Finished PD10 are additionally treated with hydrophobic and anti-corrosion compounds, as they are often used in aggressive external conditions, for example, as storm drains on highways.

Bottom plates PD 10 - This is a heavy concrete structure that is equipped with special limiting edges-grooves. This design allows for the most secure fixation reinforced concrete tray. Bottom plates are characterized high degree strength, reliability and stability. Invaluable quality of slabsPD 10 is their durability. Their production uses high-strength concrete, which is adapted to various climatic conditions, which provides long-term operation slabs

Throughout the entire period of operationbottom plates PD 10 do not corrode, do not deform, do not move, do not rot. Also, cracks do not form on their surface.

1. Marking writing options

Designate this type of product in accordance with current standards and GOSTs.Series IS 01-04 includes drawings, calculations and other information related to the production of floor slabs. The series includes fourteen main types of bottom slabs of various sizes, which are marked with serial numbers:

1. PD 1;

2. PD 2;

3. PD 3;

4. PD 4;

5. PD 5;

6. PD 6;

7. PD 7;

8. PD 8;

9. PD 9;

10. PD 10;

11. PD 11;

12. PD 12;

13. PD 13;

14. PD 14.

2. Main scope of application

Bottom plates PD 10 used to create various designs, in which it is planned to install vertical manholes. Most often they are used for the construction of wells, hatches, tanks, etc. The main purpose of the bottom slabs is to prevent the collapse of the soil and chambers. The bottom plates also ensure tightness. engineering communications. Thanks to special production technology, slabs for the bottom equipment of engineering structures prevent the penetration of ground moisture, providing additional strength and reliability of communications.

Design bottom plates PD 10 makes it possible to firmly fix all elements without allowing them to shift or shift, but nevertheless it is recommended to use them in areas with a calculated seismological activity of no more than nine points. Regarding climatic conditions -bottom plates PD 10 can be used in any area, but in areas where the temperature is expected to drop to -40 degrees Celsius, they must be used with extreme caution.

3. Designation

To mark this series of slabs, a combination of letters and numbers is used in accordance withSeries 3.006-2 . The letters in the marking indicate the type of structure, and the numbers indicate its dimensions. For example, you can considerbottom plate PD 10, Where

1. P (plate) D (bottom) – solid, consisting of prefabricated elements;

2. 10 – standard size of the structure;

When choosing products, you should take into account their overall dimensions:

Length = 1470 ;

Width = 3180 ;

Height = 300 ;

Weight = 1500 ;

Volume of concrete = 0,6 ;

Geometric volume =1,4024 .

Information about the production date and the main parameters of the product is applied to the end side of the bottom plate.

4. Basic materials and their characteristics

Bottom plates Made from high-quality materials that can withstand even extremely high loads. Such elements are actively used, including in the construction of intra-shop channels, through which the direct removal of large-volume waste liquids is expected. Consequently, the slab must be sufficiently reliable and completely sealed in order to withstand impressive external pressure. Therefore, for the production of productsSeries IS 01-04 High-strength concrete grade B15-25 is used based on portlament M200 or M300. Also, the bottom slabs are reinforced with steel with a diameter of 8 mm of class A-I or A-III.

In production bottom plates PD 10 frame reinforcement is used. A steel mesh is applied to the lower and upper surfaces of the product, after which a protective layer of concrete at least 15 cm thick is applied to the frame. To prevent the destruction of the bottom slabs under the influence of aggressive environments, the products are impregnated with a special hydrophobic composition and treated with a sealant.

5. Transportation and storage

For storage bottom plates PD 10 stacked. Since their production uses hydrophobic compounds, storage of slabs in the open air is allowed in all weather conditions. When laying products of this series, it is necessary to monitor the height of the stack, which should not exceed two meters. Products must be transported strictly in a horizontal position. Since the bottom slabs have special sides for fixing reinforced concrete trays, to prevent their deformation during transportation, wooden linings are used, which are recommended to be laid on the bottom of the vehicle body. Transportation of bottom slabs can be carried out by any vehicle appropriate dimensions and load capacity in compliance with safety regulations. During transportation, each slab must be carefully secured at the locations of the lifting loops.

We provide delivery to any region of the Russian Federation. We fulfill our delivery obligations regardless of the batch size and quantity commodity items, destination and state of the transport network in the destination region.

Prom ZhBI sends tens of tons of reinforced concrete products every day to different parts of the country. Our regular customers are large contracting organizations from Kaliningrad and Vladivostok, Arkhangelsk and Belgorod, Nizhny Novgorod and Astrakhan. Consistency of orders placed at Prom-ZhBI construction companies and operating organizations, due to:

  • our compliance with delivery conditions (deadlines, nomenclature and quantity of concrete products)
  • efficiency in order processing
  • compliance with the rules for transporting reinforced concrete products
  • vast experience in organizing the transportation of reinforced concrete products, which allows you to avoid force majeure along the way
  • well-functioning logistics system (we choose the most convenient and inexpensive options delivery)

With us you will always receive your ordered materials on time. We organize delivery of any goods manufactured in our production.

The low price for the entire range of products manufactured by the company is complemented by affordable delivery costs. At the same time, the Prom-ZhBI company takes upon itself all organizational efforts. We control:

  • order completion and shipment
  • route and travel time
  • delivery time to the destination and order completeness at the unloading point

Regardless of the region in which you are located, delivery is organized as quickly as possible: no matter where you expect the cargo, it will arrive to you on time and without any effort on your part.

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