Wooden balcony in a brick house. Balcony in a private house under the roof

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In the conditions of Central Russian and more northern regions, it has been going on for many years. Both supporters and opponents of this architectural element make compelling arguments. Trying to maintain neutrality, we will talk about how to avoid mistakes when building a balcony, make it “habitable” and easy to use.

IN wooden buildings the support for the balcony can be the release of several logs (beams) interior walls. Such consoles are very reliable and also decorate the building. Photo: MOLLES

Balcony or loggia?

When it comes to cottage development, the terms “balcony” and “loggia” are often confused, since the definitions given by building regulations refer to multi-storey buildings. In general, it is generally accepted that, unlike a balcony, it does not protrude beyond the plane of the wall of the floor below. The base of the loggia floor, as a rule, is the interfloor ceiling, and bottom harness the balcony rests on pillars (columns) and/or consoles - specially provided outlets of slabs or floor beams.

If there is no roof over the balcony, it is not difficult to mount a transparent or translucent canopy that will fit into the appearance of the facade. The most durable products are made from monolithic polycarbonate with an aluminum frame. Visors from cellular polycarbonate on steel brackets are cheaper, but less reliable. Standard products with an area of 100 cm (extension) × 150 cm (width) are sold in construction hypermarkets for 3800–4500 rubles. They can be installed in a row, sealing the joints with roofing sealant. A visor of other sizes will be made in a specialized workshop.

If there is a roof over the balcony, but it is still covered with snow, it is worth purchasing so-called soft windows - curtains made of PVC film with zippers that allow you to tightly close the facade of the balcony. They are very easy to install, and you can remove them in the spring in a matter of minutes. The price of “soft windows” is from 2800 rubles. for 1 m 2.

The facades of private houses are full of variety. You won’t see any kind of architectural delights on city streets and on the Internet.

Houses are decorated with small porches, massive terraces and verandas, sometimes even around the entire perimeter of the building, columns, statues and much, much more. Today we will talk about a balcony in a private house above the porch. Let's consider what it can be like, and whether it is possible to make it yourself.

And we will talk according to tradition - about the types of balconies, design, materials from which they can be made, not forgetting to remember what difficulties a person will face when undertaking such construction.

Advantages and disadvantages

So, it is important to know that building a balcony is only possible if the main building has at least two floors or at least has an attic. In addition to the aesthetic component, a balcony is also needed for exercise or entertainment. The balcony is an excellent place for house plants, which also decorate it further.

“Blooming balcony” - joy for a housewife

This is the first advantage of this design - the opportunity to decorate the facade and create a unique individual appearance building. A balcony above the porch in a private house gives it completeness.
From functional features Note that the balcony is an additional emergency exit from the building in case of fire. Since there is a porch underneath, you can always carefully climb down the supports and beams if it is no longer possible to go through the main exit. Perhaps the people who come to your aid will be able to extend a ladder to you. Plus, if the room is heavily smoky, the balcony will allow you to get away from carbon monoxide and breathe oxygen.

The balcony is also a great place for smoking. Helps out when household members cannot stand the smell of tobacco. This aspect can also be considered an additional gain fire safety Houses.
Access to fresh air - if people with disabilities live in the house disabilities For those who find it very difficult to get outside, a balcony may be the only way out.

Now a little about the disadvantages of balconies:

The construction of such a structure will require you to have a project that will contain complex calculations by weight, dimensions, maximum load, amount of material, etc. Only a qualified specialist can perform such work, and it is better to do it at the design stage of the main structure.
It is important to choose the optimal location for the balcony and decide on the rationality of its construction so that it does not become useless and inconvenient.
The presence of a balcony greatly affects the heat loss of the building during the heating season, due to the fact that solid walls are partially replaced by thin ones doorways. This problem especially affects cantilever extensions, which also transfer heat through the floors.
It is better to budget for a balcony at the design stage of the building, since the price of work will increase if you start attaching a balcony to an already erected building.

This seems to be all; other aspects are either not worth attention or can be solved with a timely and competent approach.

Balcony designs

The balcony can be monolithically connected to the house or adjacent to it as an independent structure.

Both options include the following elements:

Balcony slab– made of reinforced concrete, metal or wood, is the main part;
Supports– additional load-bearing elements for long-distance flights;
Fencing– a parapet mounted for safety purposes along the entire perimeter of the balcony;
Visor- although not required part, but very necessary and useful. The balcony itself and the people on it protect from precipitation.

A balcony with a cantilever slab embedded in the wall - as many have already guessed, such a slab is installed during the laying of the walls. It is embedded into the wall to a certain depth. It is important to know that the maximum reach of such a structure, due to its considerable weight, cannot exceed 1 meter.

Balcony supported by beams - in in this case the scheme is similar to the previous one, but the slab is replaced by two massive beams, on top of which boards or a concrete slab can be laid. The maximum width of such a structure does not exceed 1m 20 cm.

Balcony supported by triangular brackets - most often this scheme is used when adding a balcony over an open porch without a canopy. Wood or metal is used as the material for the supports; the platform frame is attached to the house and filled. Sometimes you can see that old cantilever balconies are strengthened in this way.

Triangular metal brackets can be beautifully decorated with figures cast from concrete. The width of the balcony is up to 150 centimeters.

A balcony on supports is another option for an attached balcony. The structure rests on columns that are firmly connected to a separate foundation. The size of such a balcony is limited only by the space for it and the designer’s imagination, since it does not increase the load on the walls and foundation of the house.

Very often, the listed construction techniques can be combined with each other, which makes the structure more durable and original.

What can a balcony be built from?

The type of material from which you will build a balcony mainly depends on the facade of the house to which it is attached. Most often, materials of the same type are used, which, in harmony with each other, create a feeling of solidity and completeness of the overall composition.

Although many people prefer to combine different types of materials, making both the balcony and the porch a bright contrasting spot on the overall facade of the building.

Concrete

If your house is built of brick and concrete, then the best solution would be to use reinforced concrete as the main material for the balcony.

Here are the main features associated with the use of this material:

The supporting platform or beams become pinched in the wall of the house. Their metal mortgages are connected by welding to the same floor elements, or powerful anchors that are securely fastened. If there is a possibility that the wall of the house cannot cope with the increased load, additional support pillars are installed.
Concrete slabs are installed in brick walls along the entire length.
The top level of the slab should be 10 - 12 centimeters below the main floor level.
The surface of the slab is positioned in such a way as to form a 2% slope in relation to the main plane of the building walls to ensure natural drainage of liquid during rains.
A waterproofing layer is placed on the slab, on top of which a concrete screed is mounted.
The door threshold to the balcony should be 10 centimeters above the floor level.

Like any other balcony, a concrete one is equipped with railings. To make the structure monumental, they can also be made of reinforced concrete. Wooden, forged and simple metal fences are also suitable - the main thing is to maintain the general architectural style and avoid conspicuous mistakes.

Advice! Let us repeat again that such work without the proper experience and knowledge is carried out at great risk. Without imagining the final look in your head in advance, you are doing everything at random.

Tree

The tree is lightweight material, which is used mainly for attached balconies. However, if the house itself is made of timber, logs or wooden frame, then consoles can be immediately provided in its design.

The following requirements and recommendations apply to wooden balconies:

For the manufacture of load-bearing elements of structures are used wooden beams, cross-section not less than 100x200 mm.
All parts of the timber in contact with the ground, brick and concrete must be fired or coated bitumen mastics in order to obtain a water-repellent effect.
Beams should be placed at a distance of 80 cm from each other, in the absence of additional supports.
The supporting beams of the attached balconies are attached to the main walls using corners made of of stainless steel and powerful anchors that can withstand heavy loads.
The logs filling the space between the main beams should have a section of 50x100 mm. They are fastened with the same corners, or installed in grooves cut for them.
The load-bearing posts of the fence must also be able to easily support the weight of a person. For them it is better to use beams with a cross section of 40x100 mm. They are fastened with studs or bolts.
The flooring must also be durable and not sag under the weight of people walking on it. For an open balcony, it is recommended to use boards with a thickness of 4 centimeters.

We'll talk about the railings a little later.

It is very important to remember that wood suffers greatly from exposure to ultraviolet radiation and precipitation. Over time, it loses not only its visual appeal, but also its strength, which is unacceptable for hanging structures. Therefore, you must protect the wood flooring as much as possible.

Be sure to close wooden porch a canopy to reduce the amount of precipitation falling on it;
Treat the wood with fire retardants to make it resistant to fire;
Impregnations are applied to the surface of the timber and paints and varnishes to finally protect it from moisture, rot and mold. Such processing must be carried out periodically.
Treatment with an anti-insect agent is encouraged, as they can eat through the body of boards and beams until they form dust.

Instructions for processing with all of these compounds are indicated on the manufacturer's label. Doing it yourself will not be difficult.

Metal

The frame for a balcony can be made not only of wood, but also of metal. This material Although heavier, it is still significantly inferior in this parameter to reinforced concrete structures.

But at the same time:

The metal is very durable and retains this property for a very long time, even when exposed to corrosion. Well, if it is treated in time, such a structure can last a hundred years.
Connect metal parts welding, which makes the structures made of them monolithic.
It is possible to produce forged elements from metal that can be used to decorate any balconies.

Such balconies can be either permanent, with consoles made of channels, or attached, assembled from individual corners and pipes into a single frame.
The balcony area is filled with various materials - the main thing is to ensure the strength of the structure.

As you understand, balconies structurally differ little from each other, but when constructing one, it is necessary to know exactly the maximum permissible dimensions and loads. All these values are calculated by a professional designer.

Attention! By refusing to comply with the required standards, you take full responsibility for the collapse of the structure upon yourself. You should not save on such a dangerous element of the building as a balcony.

Other details of balconies

What else have we not mentioned when discussing the design of balconies? These are, of course, fencing and roofing.

Parapets

The balcony parapets are a looped series of balustrades. This element is installed to ensure the safety of people on the balcony, but this does not mean that it cannot be beautiful and decorate the facade of the building. Since our balcony is located above the porch, that is, in plain sight, this applies to it to a greater extent.

The following requirements apply to the parapet:

The fence must be able to easily withstand vertical loads of 100 kg and above.
The use of horizontal balustrade filling elements is not recommended if small children can access the balcony. They can climb up them and fall.
The distance between the balusters at the widest point should not be more than 15 cm. If we are talking about a child again, then we reduce this value to 10, or use boards made of wood or glass as filling.
The height of the handrail at its peak can be from 90 cm and above.
All elements must be securely fastened without play or rotation.

Externally, you are free to design the parapet as you please, using any materials you like. Do not forget to take into account that the weight of the fence and other elements, together with the people on the balcony, should not exceed the maximum permissible values.

The roof of your house

Above the porch, the balcony is often equipped with an additional canopy. Although this element is not mandatory, like a parapet, its presence will definitely decorate the structure and increase its service life.

The canopy is designed to protect you and your home from the vagaries of the weather. They are made mainly from slate, polycarbonate, ondulin, corrugated sheets and metal tiles. Each material has its own installation features and price, which determines the design budget.

Polycarbonate is considered the simplest to make, as it is lightweight, easy to cut and bend. Anyone who knows how to hold a screwdriver can install such a canopy.

Canopies over the balcony can be of the following type:

The main roof of the building can overhang the balcony. Naturally, such a decision is a pre-thought-out, prepared project.

Single-pitched - the most simple design. The angle of inclination of the roof ensures unhindered outflow of rain and melt water.

Gable - a canopy with straight lines, which will allow precipitation to escape even more efficiently.

“Awning” is a light, airy solution that will decorate the house and protect the balcony from the scorching sun.

Various variations of arched, domed and other curved surfaces - this solution is very original and reliable, but for its manufacture you will need to hire qualified craftsmen.

Balcony design

Well, in conclusion, here you go small photo a selection with beautiful original facades with balconies. After the presented gallery, you will also find a video in this article, where you can also learn a lot interesting information on this topic.

Let's finish our story here. As you can see, a porch with a balcony in a private house is convenient, safe, beautiful and practical. We wish you flights of fancy when decorating your homes, but do not forget about the safety of this façade element.

Need for self-construction Balconies often arise among owners of private houses or residents of apartments in which the presence of such a room was not initially provided for by the design.

The work of constructing and finishing a balcony can be handled on our own. Read the instructions provided and get started.

Construction options

There are 2 main options for building a balcony, namely:

If the structure is attached to the second and higher floors, it must have additional supports. It is prohibited to attach the building exclusively to the wall - it will not hold up.

The function of supports is most often performed by columns. They fit well into environment and favorably complement the architecture of the house.

Before starting work, draw up or order from a specialized organization a balcony project with a detailed diagram.

Construction of a balcony on a foundation

If the balcony is attached to the first floor, a simple strip base will be sufficient. In the case of arranging an extension on the higher floors, build.

In general, the order of arrangement concrete foundations remains almost the same. The following are instructions for constructing a strip-column foundation. By removing recommendations for installing poles from the manual, you will receive ready-made instructions for installing a strip base.

First step. Mark the future foundation on the ground. Use pegs and string to mark.

Second step. Get rid of the top layer of soil. Dig a trench of the required depth (determined in accordance with the soil characteristics of the area) and holes for the posts.

Third step. Drive (screw in) the support piles. You can also make supports yourself from pipes, concrete pillars or other suitable materials. To ensure additional strength of the installation, before installing the pillars, the bottom of the pits can be filled with a 20-30 cm layer of concrete. The empty space between the walls of the pits and the pillars after their installation is also filled with mortar.

Fourth step. Compact the bottom of the trench, fill it with a 10-centimeter layer of crushed stone and a 15-20-centimeter layer of sand. Thoroughly compact each layer of backfill.

Fifth step. Assemble the formwork from durable boards.

Sixth step. Lay the reinforcing frame. Use reinforcement with a diameter of 10-14 mm. As a result, you should get a reinforcing mesh with a cell size of no more than 150x150 mm.

Seventh step. Pour the concrete and give it a month to gain strength. It is recommended to dismantle the formwork after the concrete has completely hardened.

Eighth step. Cover the frozen foundation with waterproofing material (bitumen, roofing felt).

Ninth step. Fill all voids with soil.

Tenth step. Tie the pillars along the upper edges using a channel. The height of the balcony foundations must match.

Balcony design

First step. Place a wooden or reinforced concrete slab on the finished base.

Second step. Using a hammer drill, create an opening in the wall for installing a balcony block.

Third step. Install balcony block. After installation, level the slopes with cement mortar and seal any existing cracks with polyurethane foam.

Fourth step. . The most convenient way to do this is to use building blocks, for example, from foam concrete. They have a relatively light weight and will put a noticeably less load on the foundation compared to the same brick.

The thickness of the walls should be at least 25-30 cm. Bring the walls to the upper ceiling.

During the construction of walls, perform reinforcement every 3 rows.

Finally, all that remains is to arrange the roof. Roof structure must be made with a certain slope in the direction from the house.

To arrange the roof, it is enough to lay wooden joists or mount metal carcass, and then lay the finishing roofing material.

Will cope perfectly with the functions of support columns wooden beam square section. Select the parameters of the timber individually. Most often, supports with a side of 100 mm are sufficient. You can use another one instead of timber suitable material at your own discretion.

Columns must be installed strictly vertically, otherwise the reliability balcony design there will be no question. To ensure verticality, support the columns with temporary struts while the foundation dries.

Floor

Lay a 4 cm thick planed board on the floor. Pre-treat the material with an antiseptic and fire retardant.

Lay the boards across the support beams. Leave a 2-3 mm gap between the boards to drain precipitation.

Use self-tapping screws to secure the boards. The heads of the fasteners should be slightly recessed into the material.

Railing

And the last structural element of the balcony is the railing. The choice of manufacturing material, design features and appearance of the railing remains at the discretion of the owner. If you wish, you can do without them altogether by making fences of suitable size from concrete slabs.

Glazing

Can be used for wooden frames or metal-plastic structures. At this point, everything also remains at the discretion of the owner.

Balcony insulation

Necessarily . Start from the floor.

Floor

Foam boards are good for flooring. The material is characterized by high thermal insulation properties and can easily withstand various types of loads.

Level the base and glue the foam boards to it using an adhesive specially designed for this purpose. Provide additional fixation of the slabs using plastic dowels.

Place the mounting mesh on top of the insulation with glue, and then fill the entire structure with a self-leveling mixture.

Instead, you can make a wooden sheathing on the base, fill the voids with insulation, and fill the top with plywood or boards.

Linoleum is a good choice as a finishing floor covering for a balcony. You can also use waterproof laminate and other materials with similar properties.

Walls

Attach the frame to the walls wooden slats. The spacing of the slats is determined by the width of the insulation.

Cover the frame with waterproofing film. To attach the film, use construction stapler. Be sure to seal the joints of the waterproofing material with tape.

Fill the sheathing cells with the selected one. Place a vapor barrier on top of the insulation. You can also fasten the material using a construction stapler.

Place a second batten on top of the finished insulating pie, perpendicular to the first, to install the finishing material.

Ceiling

The ceiling can be insulated using mineral wool.

Nail a sheathing of 10mm thick boards to the ceiling. Fix the boards edge down.

Fill the gaps between the boards with insulation.

Cover the insulation with waterproofing material and nail additional cross-bars to the boards. They will retain heat and moisture insulation, as well as provide the necessary ventilation gap between the insulating cake and the finishing material.

Prices for popular types of insulation

Insulation

Lining is well suited for a balcony. The material has excellent properties even without extra effort attached to the sheathing using clamps.

Exterior finishing of a structure is most often done using siding. This material is characterized by high reliability and excellent performance indicators, has an attractive appearance and is easy to install without the involvement of third-party installers.

In general, when choosing a finish, focus on your personal preferences and available budget.

Good luck!

Prices for popular finishing wall panels

Wall panels

Video - How to make a balcony with your own hands

The balcony is not only a decorative decoration, but also a place where you can relax, smoke, relax with friends or family. In urban buildings, such structures are found almost constantly, but in dachas, not everyone wants to spend time and money on its construction. A balcony in a private house will allow you to diversify the design of the entire territory; its construction is not particularly complicated, but has a number of nuances that must be taken into account.

Source balconycentr.ru

Pros and cons of building a balcony

The possibility of constructing such a structure is available only if the house already has at least 2 floors, including the attic. Construction of a balcony in a private house has a number of undeniable advantages. These include:

Often such an extension can become great place for entertainment and relaxation, but it can also be used to expand space.
Original design A balcony can greatly decorate the appearance of the entire house and site. There is a huge amount design solutions, so that the developer can choose the most suitable option.
Quite often, such structures can not only be used to expand space, but also fulfill the purpose of an attic roof or porch, providing some protection for them.
Arranging a balcony will allow you to create an emergency escape exit, which can be useful in an emergency.

Source sageerp.ru

However, the construction of a balcony in a private house also has weak sides. Among them are:

The construction of such a structure should be included in the project plan when constructing the private house itself. An extension to an already built house will be quite expensive, and the work will be extremely labor-intensive.
Before starting construction procedures, you will need to make detailed calculations. It is better to entrust such work to professionals; they will be able to accurately calculate the dimensions of the extension and the number necessary materials for this. Balconies are quite dangerous structures, and their construction without calculations can cause serious complications.
Installation balcony door can lead to large heat transfer throughout the house. This drawback is quite common in cantilever structures. Heat loss can be avoided by building on independent supports.
It is necessary to carefully study the need for such an extension, since often a balcony in a private house can become useless.

Video description

If the choice is made in favor of building a balcony, its ideas interior design you can watch it in this video:

Types of balconies

The design and construction of such a structure can vary quite a bit. It all depends on the type, cladding and material of the house itself. It is extremely important that the style of the balcony does not stand out from the background private building. The most common options are:

Concrete-based balconies.
Wooden structures.
Forged.

Concrete balconies

Source pskb.ru

On our website you can find contacts construction companies who offer house design services. You can communicate directly with representatives by visiting the “Low-Rise Country” exhibition of houses.

A fairly common solution is the design with concrete floor. It has a number of nuances:

The supporting structures of one side must be attached to the wall of the building. Their connection is made using electric welding with pre-installed anchors. The strength of the entire structure will depend on the thickness of the surfaces. If the walls of the building, which must distribute the load, are not reliable enough, you will need to build spare supports.
The depth and reach of the structure should not be more than 1 m.
In brick-based houses, the slabs are built into the load-bearing surface along their entire length. They are connected to the lintel reinforcement by welding.
The top level of the main support slab should therefore be approximately 100mm below the level of the floor surface.
The floor of the balcony should have a slope of 2% from the main building.
The concrete slab must be treated waterproofing materials. To do this, a special protective material is installed on it, onto which a solution based on sand and cement will be poured.
The parapet parts of the extension must be at least 1 m. For this, metal gratings based on handrails and racks can be used. The rack is installed using electric welding to the embedded materials of the slab, and the edges of the product are immersed in the load-bearing surface of the house.
The threshold for the doorway should be installed 100 mm above the floor surface.

Wooden structures

Source balconymaster.ru

An open balcony in a private house based on wood is also quite popular. The nuances of its arrangement include:

The load-bearing products of such structures are beams. For their production it is used wooden panels with a section of 10 by 20 cm.
With a depth of at least 25 cm, the board is attached to the load-bearing surface and treated with solutions to protect it from moisture or lined with similar materials. The interval between beams should be 80 cm.
The beams are fastened using angles or strips of steel.
Attached to the beams wooden racks 4 by 10 cm.
After that, longitudinal ones with a size of 5 by 10 cm are also attached above the console panels. The interval between them should be 30-40 cm.
To ensure increased rigidity, grooves approximately 3 cm deep are installed at the connection point between the longitudinal and console panels.
The floor is also laid using 4 cm thick boards.
The partition must be erected from panels with a section of 3 by 13 cm. They are attached to the racks using screws or nails.
The wooden handrail should have a cross-section of 4 by 9 cm. It is attached with nails to the racks and installed in the supporting structure.
All components of the balcony must be treated with a hydrophobic solution or oil, this will provide them with protection from rotting and deformation. Fences and handrails must be additionally lined with a frost-resistant compound in several layers.

Forged structures

Source art-kov.ru

This type of balcony has an attractive appearance. Its construction has the following nuances:

The wrought-iron extension should not be larger size slabs and openings, this will eliminate the need to cut the grating. Minor reductions would be welcome.
When installing such a structure, it is necessary to take into account the condition of the slab, since metal materials will exert a greater load. The surface of the base must be smooth without significant unevenness or damage.
To restore the quality of the slab, you will need to process the embedded parts, to which the decorative grille will be attached during installation.
To restore the reinforcement of the coating, the first layer of finishing is removed from it down to the base.
If the slab is broken or deformed at the edges, the frame must be welded in such a way that it is possible to fill cement mortar without changing its shape. The frame is welded using metal.
Iron mortgages are attached to the attached sections of the frame. They will help with the installation of the partition.
After all the elements are welded, the formwork is installed and the slab is poured.
The grate should only be installed after it has completely hardened. cement mixture. The same applies to other construction procedures. The time for complete hardening will be approximately a month.
If the slab has some damage, you should not use a composition based on cement and sand to restore it, as it will fall off quite quickly.
To repair minor cracks, tile adhesive is added to the composition in an amount equal to cement. If the applied layer is no more than 20 mm, you can use only glue.

Construction of a French balcony

Source nigaahart.com

How to build a balcony on the second floor of a private house of this type? This design is a fully glazed extension with tinted or clear windows. Tinting is performed using a special film, which is applied partially or completely. Features of installing such a balcony include:

Anchors are attached to the boxes at intervals of no more than 80 cm.
The connection line between the block and the opening must be treated with a well-compressed dense tape, then the outermost block can be mounted on the supports.
Another one is attached to the built-in block and connected with screws located at intervals of 40 cm.
After which the assembled components are aligned and attached using dowel nails.
The resulting empty space is sealed with mounting mixture.
The remains of the installation solution are removed, then the surface is covered with vapor barrier tape.
The final procedure will be the installation of handles and lining the slopes with plaster mortar.

An extension with a canopy can be classified as a separate category. To equip it, you need to use pipes from the profile, which will be used to assemble the frame, and materials for the roof.

Source big-projekt.ru

Often, sheds are built from slate, ondulin, polycarbonate or metal tiles. The optimal solution is to use polycarbonate. Its installation is simple, in addition, it perfectly absorbs noise, has a long service life and is protected from the harmful effects of sunlight. Slate and ondulin have a lot of weight, and their installation is quite complicated.

There are the following types of visors:

Single-pitch. The simplest and most economical solution. A uniform angle of inclination is obtained using triangular-shaped brackets, on which the roof is mounted.
Gable. A more complex variety in the form gable roof, will be an excellent solution for corner balcony or loggias. Such a canopy will be more protected from various precipitation and will eliminate the problem of snow accumulation.
Visor "Marquise". The advantage of this type is the impossibility of accumulating icicles and snow during the cold season.
Dome. Not a very common solution, since its construction will require a lot of time and money. The advantage is its attractive appearance, which can decorate any garden plot.
Arched. It is easy to use and easy to install. Also has quite attractive design and expanded functionality during operation.

Canopy installation process

To install the visor you will need the following tools:

Welding equipment for canopy formation.
Hammer.
Screwdriver.
Level and pencil for measurements.
Hammer.

Balcony with canopy "Marquise" Source makebestphoto.ru

The installation consists of the following steps:

The first step is to accurately mark the fastening load-bearing frame, and also determine the locations for making holes for dowels. The exact line and level of placement of the extension is set.
Using a drill, holes are made to install the frame dowels.
The frame is fixed. The anchors are clamped and tightened with appropriately sized wrenches.
Between the load-bearing elements of the frame there are stiffening ribs made of similar profile pipe. They can be welded or bolted on.
This stage is already envisaged established base, all that remains is to install the roof. The roof is attached to the stiffeners using self-drilling screws.

Arranging a roof balcony

Such designs come in 3 varieties:

Pedimental. This type can be protruding or recessed, in the form of a small terrace.
Roofing.
Windows-balconies.

All these types differ in properties and installation methods.

Source e-dach.com.ua

Creating a pediment structure has the following nuances:

One of the fronts should be arranged lower, based on the planned width of the structure. A hanging rafter system is used for roof cladding.
The slab between the lower floor and the future balcony is lined with insulation and waterproofing.
After which the partition is installed. The material used for such an element can vary quite a bit.
The wall that separates the balcony should not be too thick.

Source deko.access.ly

The balcony window also has its own design features. These include:

This type consists of an upper and lower sash. Bottom part will serve the purpose of the railing, and the top one will serve as a canopy.
Hinges will allow you to fix the lower sash in the selected position or move it carefully.
When open, this design creates handrails.

Bottom line

Installing a balcony in private buildings is good decision. Residents will feel the lack of this space very quickly, especially if they previously lived in a house or apartment with a balcony. But such construction procedures require experience and certain knowledge, therefore, both at the planning stage and at the construction stage it is worth using the help of specialists. First of all, out of security interests. In terms of functionality and design, a large number of designs and designs of such extensions will allow you to choose the most suitable solution.

A balcony can decorate a house and make it more comfortable, or it can turn into a source of additional costs during construction, and then practically not be used. Let's try to understand the pros and cons of this structure.

A balcony is a platform that protrudes from a wall and has fences and railings on three sides.

This structure is intended to allow you to relax on fresh air, without leaving home.

Many people dream of a balcony, but in reality it turns out that two-story house You can easily do without a balcony, since it’s easy to go down from the second floor and go out onto the terrace.

And in general, in our latitudes open balcony It is used at best for six months, and the rest of the time it not only sits unused, but also requires funds for operation.

In general, the answer to the question of whether a balcony is needed depends on the lifestyle of family members.

4 advantages of a balcony

1. The beauty of the facade. Additional element, breaking the monotony of the facade

2. An additional place to relax when you want to be alone, you’re too lazy or you can’t go downstairs.

3. Scenic view. These expectations are met only if the balcony faces a river bank or forest, and not a neighboring plot

4. Extra space that is always in short supply

4 Disadvantages of a balcony

1. Requires floor waterproofing. Snow and rain water sk
stains on the floor, corners rot and mold

2. Disturbs the insolation of premises. The room adjacent to the balcony gets less sunlight

3.Complicates the design of the façade. As a result, its construction and Maintenance are more expensive

4. Increases heat loss. A balcony door means a large glazing area plus frequent opening

ADVICE

You should not make a balcony facing a noisy street or the nearby façade of a neighboring house. In a children's room, the balcony will become a source of increased danger and will be closed most of the time.

Where and when do you need a balcony?

Most often, a balcony is placed on the front facade of a building. In this case, it can serve as a canopy over the entrance to the house. This arrangement is also convenient because the walls
the premises under the balcony (vestibule, veranda or terrace) can become a support for the balcony slab. The main disadvantage of this option is the lack of privacy. Most often, the main entrance is oriented towards the street, and you won’t be able to relax on the balcony.

For private relaxation, a balcony facing the garden would be more useful - in the bedroom of a smoker, in the room of an elderly person who has difficulty going downstairs, in an office - for short breaks while working.

A balcony may also be needed if the area is small and there is not enough space to relax. In this case, the roof over the terrace can be replaced with a balcony.

Basic requirements for a balcony

The balcony must have a minimum width of at least 80 cm. In this case, you can not only stand on it, but also sit on it. To place a set of furniture for relaxation (chair, table, chaise longue), a width of 120 cm is desirable.

If two or more people are expected to rest, the width should be at least 150 cm. A balcony wider than 105 cm will require additional support in the form of columns or walls of the room located underneath it. Safety requirements are met by a balcony railing with a height of at least 105-110 cm.

The permissible width of the balcony door opening is at least 70 cm. You can make a wider exit and even double door, however, you need to remember that any door facing the street increases heat loss in the house.

According to fire safety conditions, blank partitions of at least 120 cm are required on the sides of the balcony door and glazing. In this case, it is better to refuse spectacular glazing across the entire wall.

Ideal shapes for a balcony

How simpler form balcony, the easier its design.

However, it should be taken into account that narrow and long balconies are inconvenient to use - it is impossible to place furniture on them. Wide balconies allow you to divide the space into functional areas and place the necessary set of furniture in them, but will require additional supports.

In principle, a balcony can be located anywhere on the front of the house. But it is better if it fits into the structural and planning structure of the building and uses its features. Bay windows, projections and differences in the plane of the facade can be effectively used when creating balconies of unusual shapes - semicircular, trapezoidal, etc.

Designs and materials for balconies

To ensure the strength and safety of the balcony, it is better to involve a specialist in its design. Material and type load-bearing structures are chosen depending on the wall materials and the structural design of the building.

Metal and wooden beams with laid on top of them wooden flooring suitable for walls made of any materials. In a house with stone walls use reinforced concrete slabs or metal beams. There are several types of balcony design solutions: cantilever, attached and supported.

Types of balcony designs

1. Cantilever or suspended balcony mounted on beams protruding from the outer wall of the building. It is limited in width, but does not require additional supports and can be placed anywhere on the façade.

2. Leaning balconies There are different types. Essentially, these are the same cantilever balconies, but with additional supports in the form of columns resting on the ground, or in the form of triangular brackets that transfer the load to the wall of the house. Structures with supports do not limit the width of the balcony and allow the use of any materials. However, with this constructive solution there is a danger of uneven shrinkage of wall foundations and supports.

3. Extension balcony being added to an existing building. In this case, the balcony together with the supports is an independent structure. There are no restrictions on the shape and size of the balcony, but installing a separate foundation for supports requires additional costs.

Attention, dampness!

The most important issue in constructing a balcony is maintaining a slope of 2% (2 cm per 1 m of length) in the direction opposite to the house.

Otherwise, water will stagnate on the balcony, which will damage flooring. The surface of the cantilever reinforced concrete slab should be carefully waterproof to avoid corrosion of the fittings located in it top layer. A properly made balcony slab has a wedge around the perimeter of the lower surface - a groove that prevents water from flowing onto the wall.

If there is a continuous fence on the balcony, drainage should be provided. When laying a wooden floor, the boards are placed at intervals for natural water drainage and ventilation. We should not forget about the threshold between the floor levels of the room and the balcony. To prevent melt or rain water from flowing into the room, its height must be at least 15 cm.

Balcony as a home decoration

As a rule, a balcony serves as an important style accent of the house. Its decoration uses materials identical to or in harmony with the decoration of the building. The greatest attention is paid to the balcony railing.

IN wooden building it is most often made of wood, often decorating the balustrade with spectacular carvings.

However, wooden balconies They are also suitable for houses made of other building materials.

A universal fencing is a black forged lattice - it is used in buildings of almost any style. In houses designed in a distinctly modern, minimalist spirit, chrome-plated steel, glass, plastic, and composite panels are often chosen for fencing.

The same material is used in canopies as on the roof. If there is a lack of sunlight, you can arrange a transparent polycarbonate canopy.

In the photo: 1. Console balcony on reinforced concrete slab 2. Extended balcony wooden supports 3.Cantilever balcony on metal beams

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