Polymer waterproofing for interior work. Polymer waterproofing: variety of materials and features of choice

Polymer waterproofing is represented by compositions based on polymers (primarily polyurethanes), which are ideal for carrying out work to ensure the protection of objects for various purposes from the destructive effects of moisture. Waterproofing polymer materials It is easy to apply on both horizontal and vertical surfaces. It effectively fills seams and joints and provides them reliable protection from moisture penetration.

Polymer waterproofing of a foundation or other building elements involves polymerization of the applied composition upon contact with air. As a result, a plastic and very durable membrane is formed that can become a barrier to moisture.

Application

Polymer waterproofing materials are deservedly considered universal. They can be used for waterproofing:

• residential and industrial premises;
• structures made of concrete and reinforced concrete;
• interfloor floor slabs;
• premises with increased level humidity (toilets, showers, bathrooms, saunas, swimming pools).

Polymer waterproofing of floors and other objects is allowed on bases made of the following materials:

• concrete;
• brick;
• plaster;
• glass;
• tree;
• drywall;
• zinc coated steel;
• Styrofoam;
• tiles.

Advantages

Polymer waterproofing for roofing and other building elements has good adhesion to plaster compounds and various adhesives for tiling. It can also be used before laying linoleum and laminate. Of course, these are not all the advantages of polymer waterproofing. The rest are as follows:

• excellent adhesion to different types of bases;
• high plasticity, allowing to withstand deformations and distortions of building elements;
• immunity to influence ultraviolet rays and temperature changes;
• long service life, which ranges from 25 to 50 years;
• ease of application, possibility of application both manually and with special equipment.

The use of high-quality waterproofing materials selected in accordance with operating conditions increases reliability and reduces the cost of maintenance and repair of buildings, highways, engineering infrastructure facilities and utilities. Therefore, polymer waterproofing, which is sold by the MPKM company, is in demand and is widely used in the construction industry.

Depending on the range of tasks being solved, elastic polymer waterproofing can be used as an independent waterproofing material or as an additional means that increases the reliability of other methods of ensuring concrete waterproofing. Various brands and polyurethane-based formulations can protect building construction not only from water, but also from chemically active and aggressive substances, the impact of which causes the destruction of reinforced concrete structures.

Advantages of polymer waterproofing

The effectiveness of waterproofing materials containing epoxy resins and polymer additives, due to the chemical resistance, durability and elasticity of the film that is formed during application protective compounds on the grounds.

• Elasticity makes it possible to partially compensate for deformations of the base, so the polymer film of waterproofing always remains intact and airtight.
• Polymer-based materials have good adhesion to concrete, brick, cement plaster, tiles, metal and other materials. They can be applied to absorbent and non-absorbent substrates. The waterproofing layer can serve as a base for shotcrete or finishing materials.
• Polymer waterproofing of concrete allows you to process surfaces of complex shapes. The coatings exactly follow the contours of the base and do not have seams that reduce the effectiveness of protection.

Polyurethane-based materials are very technologically advanced. They are quickly applied to previously prepared substrates: liquid polymer waterproofing using spray guns or special equipment for spraying two-component compositions, and paste mixtures using ordinary brushes, brushes and rollers.

Supply of polymer waterproofing materials

The MPKM online store offers wholesale prices for construction chemicals, Sika, and other manufacturers with fast delivery of products to all regions of Russia. Employees of the technical support department provide free consultations on the selection of polymer waterproofing for floors, walls, foundations, technical tanks and other tasks. Advice from an experienced specialist will help you buy waterproofing materials that are optimally suited for certain operating conditions and correspond to the characteristics of a particular facility.

The biggest danger for many building materials represent water and its evaporation, which accelerates their aging and destruction. To avoid this and extend the life of building materials and buildings made from them, waterproofing is widely used.

There is a wide variety of modern waterproofing materials, each of which has its own characteristics. One of them, widely known in Lately, is a polymer waterproofing. In most cases, it is based on polyurethane, to which furan, phenol-formaldehyde, urea and other resins are added.

Features of polymer waterproofing:

The scope of application of such waterproofing is very wide. It is used to protect above-ground and underground buildings and structures, hydraulic installations, roofing and floor coverings, walls, foundations, etc.

Moreover, all polymer waterproofing is divided into several categories:

Consistency

It can be liquid or semi-liquid, and according to its component composition – cement-polymer or bitumen-polymer.

Purpose

• Directions for use

The first contains Portland cement and synthetic resins, additives and fillers. Ready composition It is a fairly plastic mass, similar to plasticine. One of the conditions for durability waterproofing coating from this material is the absence of particles of dust and debris (this must be carefully monitored during work).

The second is produced on the basis of oxidized bitumen with an organic solvent. In addition, the mixture is added various substances, increasing waterproofing characteristics. It is produced in the form of mastic, which is associated with some of the features of this waterproofing material. So, when drying, it forms an uneven surface, which must be covered on top with a screed (if the floor is insulated) or sheathed with finishing material (on the walls).

Application of polymer waterproofing:

Most often, polymer waterproofing materials are used to treat dry surfaces, but there are also those that can be safely applied to wet ones.

However, most formulations are sold in dry form and must be prepared immediately before application. The main condition for this is compliance correct proportions and quick application of the compositions, since the “lifetime” of many of them is only a few hours (and sometimes minutes).

In addition, polymer waterproofing is, as a rule, very toxic and fire hazardous. Therefore, when working with them, it is important to strictly follow safety rules. True, at present, manufacturers are already producing practically harmless compounds that can be worked with in enclosed spaces.

Advantages of polymer waterproofing:

The indisputable advantages of this waterproofing material include the fact that it forms a continuous, seamless fabric with high water-repellent properties.

It is durable (warranty is 25 years, but in practice this period is much longer). At the same time, the waterproofing layer does not thin out over time, and remains as smooth and durable as just after application. By the way, the service life of a cement-polymer coating is much longer than a bitumen-polymer coating.

Another advantage is that it is equally suitable for any structure - it can be easily applied even to complex and small, convex and concave elements. The type of surface on which the waterproofing is applied does not matter. It will go well with concrete, block, metal, wood and other types of coating.

Polymer waterproofing is not afraid of ultraviolet radiation, temperature changes, chemical effects of substances and mechanical damage(impacts, scratches, etc.).

It is also important that applying this material is quite simple. This does not require special qualifications and great experience. There is also a wide palette of colors.

The only drawback is most often the price of this type of waterproofing. However, as you know, the stingy has to pay more.

Rules for applying polymer waterproofing:

In order for waterproofing to fully demonstrate its advantages, it is necessary to first follow all the rules for its application.

Before starting waterproofing work, it is necessary to prepare the surface by removing all contaminants from it and eliminating unevenness. Some solutions and mastics also require preliminary wetting of the surface with water (these requirements, along with mixing proportions, should be indicated on the packaging). Only after everything preparatory work completed, you can start mixing the ingredients.

It is necessary to coat the surface evenly, paying special attention to “wet” places (where the greatest exposure to steam or water is expected). After applying the first layer, you need to let the insulation dry and then repeat the procedure.

Polymer waterproofing video:

Cement waterproofing provides protection various designs from exposure to moisture. Materials of this group are often used due to many advantages. Proper mixing of components ensures high reliability and increases the service life of the coating. Exist different types cement-based mixtures. When choosing, their composition and properties are taken into account.

Peculiarities

Waterproofing mixtures are used to protect various surfaces from water: floors, walls and ceilings, seams, etc. Cement-based materials have become widespread. This is due to its reasonable price and relatively simple use.

Although cement absorbs some moisture, mixtures containing this component provide high protection against water. At the same time, there are no contradictions in properties, since in the manufacture of cement-based waterproofing, special additives are used that repeatedly improve the characteristics of the material.

For waterproofing surfaces, compositions containing prestressing cement are used. It is distinguished by increased strength and resistance to cracking. Compared to other brands, this cement absorbs moisture minimally. The use of hydrophobic additives and plasticizers helps to increase resistance to water and enhance reliability by increasing the plasticity of the mixture.

Waterproofing is applied in a layer of significant thickness, due to which the structure being treated is better protected. The principle of application is similar to the method of use plaster mixtures. Thanks to the waterproofing layer, condensation does not form, which gradually destroys the structure and cladding. As a result, the fenced surfaces retain their attractiveness longer and also last a long time.

Advantages and disadvantages

Positive traits:

• wide range of applications: protection of foundations, fencing of single-story and multi-story buildings, waterproofing of swimming pools and tanks in contact with water, preparation for cladding of bathrooms, balconies, application to structures that are exposed to a significant load of water under pressure, when premises are flooded;
• high degree of protection from moisture, cement-based waterproofing can be used in any conditions, even the most difficult;
• simple principle of application;
• the possibility of application to a moistened surface, which is due to the presence of cement in the composition, the adhesion of which only increases if the humidity of the enclosed surface is first increased;
• providing protection against corrosion;
• absence chemical reaction in contact with aggressive environments;
• resistance to impact low temperatures;
• vapor permeability;
• absence of harmful components.

Such mixtures have few disadvantages. They note the possibility of application only to structures that have already gained strength. In addition, cement-based waterproofing materials provide high degree protection, provided that several layers of material are applied to the fenced structure.

Varieties by composition

When choosing, take into account the type of components and the structure of the mixture. The material is selected taking into account the intended purpose of the enclosed structure and operating conditions. Waterproofing must comply temperature conditions, at which it will be applied and serve in the future. Violation of this condition will lead to the gradual destruction of the protective layer.

Cement-sand waterproofing

The composition is produced in the form of a dry mixture. This is the simplest type of waterproofing in terms of properties, which is due to the use of cement as the main component. The mixture is quite hard during the drying process protective covering should be moisturized frequently - up to 3 times a day for 2 weeks.

For application, it is recommended to use the method of spraying the composition using special equipment. Main special purpose cement-sand mixture - protection of the monolithic base of objects. If you plan to apply waterproofing yourself, you need to add special additives to increase the density of the composition. Without them, the service life of the waterproofing will be shortened, and the coating will not perform its functions.

The mixture is applied sequentially several times. When the work is completed, it is recommended to protect the enclosed structure from possible damage while it dries.

However, the surface of the waterproofing layer can still be deformed. In this case, moisture evaporates unevenly, which leads to a change in volume with different intensities.

With added latex

This composition ensures the plasticity of the material. Latex increases the resistance of waterproofing to cracking. The material withstands the effects of temperature changes and low values ​​of this parameter much better. As a result, the cement mixture resembles liquid rubber By appearance and properties. After applying the material, an impermeable coating is obtained that reliably protects the enclosed structure from moisture.

You can add latex to the cement mixture yourself, observing the proportions. However, it is much easier to use a ready-made mixture.

• using the shotcrete or spraying method on a surface that has previously been carefully prepared;
• the mixture should be hot.

The result is a seamless coating that does not allow moisture to pass through, does not crack, is resistant to mechanical stress and lasts a long time, and also withstands high temperatures.

With liquid glass

This component is added to the cement mixture, which improves the properties of the rigid cement-sand mortar. Most often the material is used to protect the foundation, ground floors, for the formation of fire-resistant coatings.

• protection from high temperatures;
• high adhesion;
• manifestation of antiseptic properties;
• absence of toxic components in the composition.

• liquid glass is applied to seams, joints, cracks, this option is used as an auxiliary measure; after applying waterproofing of this type, roll material is also used;
• Liquid glass is used as the main component of a cement mixture intended for pouring a foundation.

Cement-polymer

The composition includes Portland cement, sand, plasticizers. Cement-polymer waterproofing has improved properties. The main advantage of this material is considered high stability to tensile and tensile loads. This is due to the formation of molecular bonds when combining polymer components and cement. As a result, the enclosed structure can withstand dynamic loads well and is resistant to cracking.

There are different types of polymer cement mixtures:

• waterproofing glue;
• waterproofing.

There are one- and two-component formulations. Moreover, the second option is more common. It contains acrylic emulsion and microfiber. This material is used when there is a high risk of exposure to deformation loads (cracks of more than 1 mm are formed). In other cases, dry one-component mixtures can be used.

Types of compositions by method of application

The materials differ in structure and method of application. The choice is made taking into account the condition of the enclosed structure. Penetrating compounds are preferable for use on surfaces that are porous. Coating-type cement waterproofing, plaster and elastic coating mixture are applied to the surface. Selected species materials are intended only for repair of objects.

Coating

This is the most common mixture; it is used to protect various surfaces during construction and at the renovation stage: floors, walls, ceilings, balconies, bathrooms, foundations, water tanks. Coating waterproofing allows you to create an impermeable layer on the enclosed surface that thoroughly protects from water.

Used for a long period, fills the smallest cracks. This composition can be applied to surfaces made of different materials: drywall, metal, brick, wood, concrete, etc.

Elastic coating

This group includes materials containing plasticizers. These are auxiliary components that are used to increase the elasticity of the cement composition. This type of mixture is recommended to be used to protect surfaces of complex configurations that are prone to the formation of small spider-like cracks up to 0.5 mm wide.

The advantages of elastic waterproofing include increased strength. It is permissible to apply it on the surfaces of: swimming pool, terrace, balcony, water tank. It differs from classic coating-type waterproofing in its high price.

Plastering

This version of the material is susceptible to cracking, so it is not recommended to use it under increased dynamic loads. The surface of the enclosed structure should not be deformed, then a significant duration of waterproofing service is ensured. To improve the properties, it is allowed to add auxiliary components, for example, liquid glass. This type of material has the advantage of being able to level curved surfaces and at the same time provide protection from moisture.

Penetrating

Waterproofing of this type can only be used to protect structures made of concrete and reinforced concrete. This is due to the fact that the composition provides effectiveness provided that the enclosed surface is porous. Waterproofing penetrates into the structure of concrete, upon contact with moisture contained in such material, it crystallizes, clogging the pores.

This prevents the risk of moisture penetration. This composition is used when it is not possible to protect the outer surfaces of the structure using external waterproofing.

Repair compounds

Are different high speed drying. This type of material is recommended for filling seams and cracks. It can be used on different surfaces, including when restoring the foundation. The advantages of this mixture include the absence of shrinkage upon drying.

Water plug

The material is used when it is necessary to quickly restore the integrity of concrete pressure structures. Used for repairing objects made of stone, concrete, reinforced concrete. Available in dry form. Upon contact with water, when a deformed area in the thickness of a concrete or stone structure is blocked by the mixture, the cement composition instantly hardens, forming an impenetrable barrier to water. The advantage of the water plug is its high adhesion to the enclosed surface. It is used even if there is a leak.

Application technology

Instructions:

1. If the base is old, it is repaired: removed upper layer, cleaned, leveled using special mixtures.
2. Before use cement compositions the surface is moistened.
3. When the excess moisture has evaporated and the enclosed structure is slightly moistened, waterproofing is applied.
4. Use a spatula or special equipment to spray the mixture.
5. The material is applied several times. After the first layer is formed, you need to wait 2-3 days, during this period the surface is moistened.
6. For 3 days, until the first layer has dried, apply the next one, and then another. Cement based waterproofing should not be allowed to cover a dry surface.

Manufacturers

To purchase high-quality certified material, consider products from common brands. It should be taken into account that prices vary in Moscow and the regions.

Ceresit CR 65

This is a cement-based rigid waterproofing material. Application area:

• internal and external surfaces;
• structures buried in the soil;
• bath pool and other reservoirs;
• protection of walls, floors and ceilings in rooms with high humidity;
• waterproofing of hydraulic engineering and wastewater treatment facilities;
• protection of various objects from destruction and exposure to low temperatures.

On deformable objects, an elasticizer is added before using the mixture.

Bergauf Hydrostop

Waterproofing belongs to the group of coating-type materials. This is a one-component mixture, applied with a thickness of 1-5 mm. It gains strength after 28 days and is resistant to bending and compression loads. The composition can be used in conditions of high and low temperatures: -50…+70°C.

Cement NC

Tensile cement belongs to a separate group of materials, because it has a high linear expansion rate, does not shrink, and does not deform. This is the most durable substance, and also outperforms Portland cement in terms of moisture resistance. The material contains almost no pores, so it protects well from moisture.

APPLICATION OF CEMENT-POLYMER WATERPROOFING TYPE

High-quality cement itself has waterproofing properties to a certain extent. However, it is difficult to make a regular cement-sand mortar so that there are no pores in it at all through which moisture penetrates. Special cement-polymer waterproofing compounds do not have these disadvantages.

The composition of cement-polymer mixtures includes three components:

• Binder (astringent) is a high-quality cement that ensures the strength of the composition and largely repels water.
• Filler - fine quartz sand.
• Polymer additives. They provide increased adhesion of the composition to the base, penetrating deep into the surface of concrete and crystallizing in its structure, firmly connecting the base with the applied coating. Increases the hydrophobic properties of the cement composition.

Cement-polymer compositions have a number of advantages compared to bitumen-polymer insulation:

1. They can (and even need) be applied to wet surface. The composition holds well not only on dry, but also on wet concrete. At the same time, the bitumen insulation will simply be torn away from the surface by the backflow of water (from inside the concrete).
2. The adhesion (adhesion strength to the surface) of cement (mineral) waterproofing is higher than that of bitumen-polymer. The compositions adhere perfectly to concrete, brick (including sand-lime brick) metal and wooden surfaces. Mineral insulation has high mechanical strength, abrasion resistant.
3. The surface treated with cement waterproofing can be finished two weeks after applying the composition without any additional preparation. Glue tiles, plaster, putty, paint - Decoration Materials adheres well to mineral substrates. Bituminous insulation will have to be covered with plaster over a mesh or screed. This is a huge plus in the manufacture of pool bowls and more.
4. Cement-polymer waterproofing has unique property: It is vapor permeable. That is, water will not penetrate inside the structure, for example, the base of a building, while the masonry, if it is moistened, will dry out. The occurrence of delamination is eliminated if moisture does not come from outside, but from inside the concrete; it will gradually be removed outside. In such cases, moisture tears off the bitumen waterproofing. Due to its high vapor permeability, mineral insulation can be used specifically for internal waterproofing, and often this is the only thing possible solution during the reconstruction of buildings.
5. The compositions are chemically neutral, environmentally friendly, and approved for use in drinking water reservoirs.

Types of cement-polymer waterproofing. Based on their properties, we would divide cement-polymer waterproofing into three groups:

• Standard mixtures that create a very abrasion-resistant outer coating. However, it is inelastic and if a crack occurs in the base (concrete), the waterproofing will also be damaged. And this, you see, is a significant drawback, since the probability of cracks appearing is almost one hundred percent!
• Crystallizing mixtures (penetrating insulation) contain salt additives, which, when penetrated into concrete, form waterproof structures. Moreover, over time and as it gets moistened, the waterproofing “grows” more and more into the base and becomes more reliable. Such compositions are capable of covering small cracks(about 0.5 mm) at the base, they perfectly hold negative water pressure, do not allow water to pass through from wet concrete, which makes them indispensable for the reconstruction (drainage) of underground structures, where external waterproofing missing or broken.
• Elastic cement-polymer coatings are intended for problematic substrates in which cracks can form, and this is the majority concrete foundations performed today! Market-recommended brands are reliable, guaranteed to cover cracks up to 1 mm, and withstand vertical water pressure up to 50 m.

Polymer-cement compositionBitumsealFlexproduction plantBitumPetrochemicalIndustriesLtd. covers cracks of more than 2 mm! Thanks to latex added to hydraulic additives, the finished waterproofing coating BitumsealFleximparts unique elasticity.

Waterproofing technology

• Before starting work, surfaces must be cleaned of dust, dirt and oils. In case of weak loose foundation, the manufacturer Bitum Petrochemical Industries Ltd. recommends pre-treating the surface with a two-component Aquapoxy penetrating primer.
• The crumbling mortar and concrete are removed from the seams and cracks, cleaned and tightly caulked with any non-shrinking cement mortar Cracks, seams and large shells are embroidered and tightly filled with the same solution or hydraulic seal.
• The surface must be moistened immediately before applying waterproofing.
• In the corners and in the half-wall interface, first make fillets with a radius of 3-4 cm. For this you can use cement plaster. Additionally, strengthen the joints with waterproofing tape, embedding it into the material. Place an additional layer of Bitumseal Flex on top.
• Coating compounds are applied only with a brush or spatula.
• When applied manually, the cement mixture is thoroughly rubbed or smeared into the surface, leaving no gaps. Small shells are filled with the mixture.
• To achieve the desired result, apply two or three layers. When applying the first layer, movements with the spatula should be in one direction. Each subsequent layer is applied at intervals of 12-24 hours. The next layer is applied in a direction perpendicular to the previous one. The applied layers of the mixture should be protected from drying out too quickly. To do this, the surface must be wetted every 2-3 hours for 1-2 days.
• Internal prefabricated processing concrete walls basement is completed. After two weeks, the surface can be protected with tiling, plaster or screed.

When carrying out internal waterproofing of basements and basement floors, this is generally the only option.