This hydraulic fracturing siphon creates an air barrier between the boiler and the outlet hose, preventing germs from entering the water heating device. Sewage drain: types, selection criteria, features Sewage inlet funnel

The sewer drain is special variety drain funnel, built directly into the floor or any other horizontal surface. Such a funnel works both as a drain and as a siphon, ensuring effective drainage of wastewater and the absence of a specific sewage odor in the serviced area.

Typical sewer drain consists of the following structural elements:

• Front panel , built into a plane, into a specially equipped cavity.
• Intake funnel located under the panel. Using a funnel, you can adjust the installation height of the drain by installing the product in a slab with a thickness of 50 to 200 millimeters.
• Base bodies with overflow , forming a hydraulic valve, or with a dry valve. Moreover, at the base there can be either one or several branches, with the help of which the drain is connected to several sewer branches at once or cuts into an existing pipeline.

• Cups and racks . The cup insert retains large inclusions. The grille traps hair and filters runoff.

• Seals and fasteners , sealing interface units constituent elements housings. Using seals, you can secure the drain outlet in the socket of the sewer pipe, fix the funnel in the body and seal the gap under the front panel.

The drain point in the shower and the drain are arranged in a similar way. storm sewer, and a funnel in the production room. The functional purpose of the ladder does not affect the structural design.

Types of drains for sewerage

The classification of sewer drains can be built according to the following schemes:

• By design features

In this case, two groups are distinguished in the assortment: horizontal and vertical. The funnel of the horizontal drain is oriented vertically, and the drain fitting of the base body is oriented horizontally. In a vertical drain, the funnel and drain fitting are oriented along a common axis (vertical).

Horizontal drains are compact, while vertical drain points provide maximum throughput. For example, at least 3.5 liters of liquid per second can be passed through a vertical drain for sewage systems in buildings 100b.

• By shutter type

In this case, the assortment is divided into “dry” and “wet” groups. Dry drains are designed according to a check valve design - the pressure of the drains “opens” a membrane or float partition, which “slams shut” after the water goes into the pipeline. Wet drains are designed according to a siphon with a hydraulic seal - an S-shaped channel is built between the funnel and the drain fitting.

Moreover, dry drains are considered more reliable than their counterparts with a hydraulic seal. After all, the water in the S-shaped channel can dry out or simply flow into the sewer pipe if overpressure, provoked by failures in fan boner. As a result, owners of a “wet” drain run the risk of encountering not the most pleasant odors, the source of which is sewage.

• By type of material used in the manufacture of the ladder

In this case, the assortment of drains can be divided into three groups, namely: plastic, metal and mixed.

Plastic sewer drain made from structural polymers - polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene or polypropylene. The main advantage of such ladders is inertia construction material. Plastic does not rust or oxidize when in contact with concentrated acids. The main disadvantages are low mechanical and temperature strength. Plastic will not withstand a sharp impact, abrasive load and wastewater temperatures above 50-70 degrees Celsius.

Steel and cast iron sewer drains made from stainless steel or malleable cast iron. The main advantage of such ladders is their high strength. This product will withstand both impact and high temperature and corrosion. The main disadvantage is the high price.

Composite drains from a mixed group made from metals and polymers. Moreover, only the upper (visible) part of the ladder is made of durable and expensive metal, while the base body and other “internal” elements are made of cheap plastic. Such products will last longer than polymer drains and will cost less than their metal counterparts.

Review of popular models

Popular models of flat-mounted flush points include the following products:

• Polish ladder 15 B110 RM , the body of which is made of polymer, and the front panel and funnel are made of of stainless steel. The height of such a ladder can be adjusted by moving the funnel, which is fixed using a flange seal. The diameter of the drain fitting is 110 millimeters. The dimensions of the lattice front panel are 150x150 millimeters. Price – 14 euros.

An important element of roofing drainage system building (structure) is a drainage funnel. Its main functional purpose is to organize the collection and removal of excess moisture from precipitation or snow from the roof surface. When building houses with flat roofs, drainage funnels are installed in roof areas specially prepared for this purpose.

Gutters are selected according to their design and structure, depending on the type of used roofing materials. Such funnels are used on bitumen roofs With internal system drainage.

A properly selected drainage funnel design will ensure complete and rapid drainage of water accumulating on the roof, will not damage the waterproofing, and will not lead to local accumulation of water.

In addition, such a drain will fit harmoniously into common system drainage system, will not violate its technical and functional integrity, and will become a kind of aesthetic completion of the overall architectural plan of the roof.

Design Features

The drain funnel has a complex interface with other structural elements. On the one hand, she is integral part drainage system. The pipeline for draining rain and melt water begins from here. On the other hand, the roof drain is part of the roofing system.

It should not violate the integrity of the waterproofing layer and the topography of the adjacent roof surface. This is especially important to observe at the junction of the funnel material with the roof waterproofing.

Considering that this element of the drainage system is located outside, it physical properties must meet strict climatic requirements:

• withstand significant differences temperatures;
• do not crack or crumble from exposure to severe frosts and winds;
• do not soften, do not lose shape and strength when exposed to strong heat in summer.

Freezing of water should not lead to its destruction. Also, the design of the funnel should prevent debris and other unwanted inclusions from entering the drainage pipes. In addition, the material from which drainage funnels are made must be resistant to solar radiation (ultraviolet radiation). It must also be resistant to acidic environments.

Some requirements for funnels

Manufacturers produce a wide range the lineup drainage funnels. They differ in shape, size (diameter, height, depth), design features structure, type of material, method of installation and fastening in the roofing system.

Most often used as a material for funnels polymer materials with high resistance to weathering and ultraviolet radiation. Metal (cast iron, stainless steel) funnels can be used less frequently. By design they distinguish roof drains vertical and horizontal.

Taking into account the climatic characteristics of Russia, funnels with forced electric heating are popular in our country. They differ from conventional ones by the presence of a fuel element in their design. The thermostat that controls the operation of the heater is set to a temperature range from -5°C to +5°C. When the heater is operating in drainage funnel No ice is formed that prevents outflow. Electricity is supplied using a special three-core solid cable (adapters, connections are not allowed).

Installation of a drainage funnel

Drainage outlets must be level and firmly installed in the intended place. seat. Funnels are equipped with airless flow filters. These design elements significantly increase the throughput of the drainage system during storm flows. Depending on the design of the roof and the funnel itself, various combined types fastenings

For example, on bitumen roofing types, the funnel flange is placed between the insulation layers. Additionally, the funnel can be attached to the base of the roof with screws. Similar installation technologies are used on other types of roofing (EPDM membranes, single-layer PVC coatings).

Funnels can be purchased at a low price in Moscow in the Santekhkomplekt online store. We are ready to offer discounts to wholesale buyers.

Well designed and executed sewer system plays an important role in creating a comfortable atmosphere and pleasant microclimate. At the same time, any sewage system is a potential source of pathogenic bacteria and microbes. The function of protection against harmful inhabitants of the pipes is performed by a siphon with a jet break. The regulations prescribe the mandatory use of devices of this type in catering and other public institutions. In everyday life, their use is advisable when installing air conditioning systems, individual hot water and heat supply.

Standard siphon - a structure connecting the drain hole to the outlet sewer pipe. Its anti-intrusion function unpleasant odors performed using a water seal system. The principle of operation is based on creating a pressure difference in the siphon elbows, which have different lengths and heights. The bottle siphon, most often used in recent years, works according to a similar law.

A siphon that provides a break in the flow is characterized by the presence of a gap between the water outlet and the receiving pipe. In other words, direct contact of the liquid exit point into the sewer with the main part of the water seal system is excluded. The water flows into a special funnel, and from it into the pipe.

The standard siphon package includes:

• receiving funnel (oval or round);
• fastening element;
• water seal system;
• outlet pipe;
• It is also possible to have an outlet for sewerage with a diameter of 40 or 50 mm.

Siphon with a break in the stream flow: video instructions

Features of using a siphon

Typically, the water jet gap is 20-30 mm. This distance is enough to block the path of microbes. The low height of free fall of water into the funnel ensures the absence of unpleasant annoying sounds. This device prevents bacteria from entering the sink or other plumbing fixtures. This important condition maintaining hygiene in crowded places.

Moreover, SanPiN norms require catering establishments to separate sewerage systems. Domestic and industrial wastewater should not intersect. On the one hand, such requirements complicate the work on equipping a cafe, restaurant, school canteen or food manufacturing enterprise. On the other hand, the risk of microbes getting into food and poisoning is significantly reduced.

With the right approach, the system can be designed in such a way that drains from several sinks converge into one funnel. This contributes to a more efficient sewer system and eliminates the need to purchase additional plumbing fixtures. However, in any case, such work should be trusted to specialists.

Receiving funnel must be made of heat-resistant materials.

In production facilities, it is possible to connect several outlets to one funnel

Additional options for using flow interruption devices

At home, siphons that provide a break in the stream are most often used for air conditioning systems and boilers.

When the cooling system operates, condensation is generated. In most cases, a small pipe is brought out into the street, and water drips onto the ground, hits passers-by, and flows down the wall. This creates inconvenience for outsiders and causes complaints from neighbors. This problem is relevant for cafes, restaurants, and offices of small firms, which are often located in residential buildings.

It is possible that sooner or later the rules for placing outdoor objects will be streamlined. Therefore, when installing an air conditioner, it is advisable to provide for water flow directly into the sewer.

When the boiler is operating, water is removed from safety valve. When using this device, it is also advisable to ensure that water flows into the sewer - you do not have to monitor the level of liquid in the adapted container or constantly wipe the floor.

IN living conditions the funnel can become a single water receiver for various systems life support at home

Why do you need specialist help?

A carefully designed project is carried out once, is reliable and practical. It is possible to connect several pipes to a common funnel. This ensures safe drainage of water from several sources into the sewer system. It all depends on the practical possibility of implementing such an engineering solution, which must be carried out by specialists.

It is very problematic to independently think through options, perform correct calculations and implement your plans in practice. Knowledge, experience and skills are required. Professionals who have been working on sewerage installations for many years will always be able to find the right solution, offer a compromise and fully implement the agreed project.

Video story about the types of water seals

Siphon with jet break required for installation in in public places in accordance with SanPiN 2.4.1.2660-10. Prevents the entry of E. coli from the drain into the sink due to the non-contact connection to the sink.

The main purpose of the siphon is to limit odors from the sewerage system so that they do not enter the premises where they are located. plumbing fixtures. This is a water castle.

Here is an excerpt from the Sanitary and Epidemiological Requirements for the Design, Content and Organization of the Work Mode in Preschool Organizations Sanitary and Epidemiological Rules and Standards SanPiN 2.4.1.2660-10

14.9. At the point where the production baths are connected to the sewer, there must be an air gap of at least 20 mm from the top of the receiving funnel, which is installed above the siphon devices.

Why do you need a siphon with a jet break?

By sanitary standards The sewage system (toilets and washbasins) should not come into contact with the production area associated with the preparation of products for industrial purposes (for example, canteens of all levels from kindergarten to the restaurant). This can be achieved in two ways.The first is the construction of separate systems, with separate outlets into the well.Second installation siphon with jet break.

Simply put, this is done to prevent any microbes from getting through the pipe into the sink from the sewer. The presence of a rupture in the stream does not relieve one from the obligation to install a siphon elbow (hydraulic seal).

Now siphons with a jet break are produced by both domestic and foreign manufacturers.

The Austrian company HL (Hutterer & Lechner KG) is the world's leading manufacturer of sewerage equipment (drains, funnels, storm drains, storm water inlets, valves, gates, flanges, siphons, outlets, adapters, cuffs, pipes, etc. HL sewerage equipment produced in Austria and Germany for over 100 years.

We offer a wide range of HL sewerage equipment allowing you to choose the sewer drain, roof drain, sewer seal, check valve or a siphon that you need for a specific project, rather than adjusting the project to specific equipment.

Our organization offers the following HL sewerage equipment:

HL funnels for internal storm drains can be used on all flat roofs with any hydro- and vapor barrier materials, with “pies” of any thickness and filling. HL funnels with both vertical (outlet sizes DN 40, 50, 70, 100, 125 and 150) and horizontal outlets (DN 70, 100); with stainless steel compression flange (for any waterproofing materials) or with a polymer-bitumen sheet for welding.

To improve the quality of roof repairs or when using old storm drains when reconstructing buildings, we offer repair funnels HL with outlet DN 70, 100, 125, 150 for steel or smooth walls cast iron pipe. We can also offer roof drains using the “water pump” principle with a PE outlet pipe for welding.

For balconies and terraces we offer HL funnels and drains with a swivel joint and an outlet pipe rotation angle from 0° to 90°. For our climate zone The most suitable are HL funnels with built-in electric heating (a self-regulating cable that changes its heat output depending on the air temperature).

Advantages of HL roof drains:

Power supply from 220V network (no need for a step-down transformer);
- electrical cable located inside the funnel body made of PP (there is no danger of breakdown through water drained from the roof);
- durability of the electrical cable (no contact with the environment);
- With outside the cable is shielded with thermal insulation (all the heat goes to heating the inner surface of the funnel);
- self-regulating electrical cable (no need to install remote thermostats);
- operating temperature from -50 to +100°C;
- PP material is not afraid of ultraviolet radiation, and its acid resistance is superior to cast iron and stainless steel;
- simple installation (no thermal compensators required);
- durability.