How to glue wood

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How to glue wood - advice from experienced craftsmen. How to glue wood - choice of glue (1 photo) What glue to glue wood with

Making furniture with your own hands is becoming increasingly popular due to its high cost. finished products, and thanks a large number source materials that appear in the public domain. At home, with a minimum set of appropriate tools, it is possible to assemble viable furniture that will serve well and delight you with its appearance. One of the most popular joining methods is gluing, which makes it possible to obtain durable, monolithic parts. Bonding can be used as an independent fastener or as a backup when used external elements, such as dowels, dowels or screws.

DIY laminated wood

Before gluing, the parts are processed; this is done not only to clean the surface, but also to open the wood pores. When applied, the adhesive composition penetrates through the pores into the wood structure, into the intercellular space, and when hardened, it forms many thin threads (webs) that reliably “stitch” the workpieces together. The strength of a correctly executed seam exceeds the strength of the wood itself; when testing for fracture, the part breaks not at the gluing site, but along the whole wood.

Gluing wood allows you to obtain products with better parameters than solid ones. During the gluing process, elements that are suitable in texture and shade are selected, damaged, cracked and knotty areas are rejected. As a result, the glued parts have greater strength than ordinary parts, and by gluing the finest veneer onto the front surfaces, the products are given the appearance of the most valuable species. Wood glued according to all the rules is much less likely to warp, crack and dry out than solid wood.

How to glue wood. Technology

There are several ways to connect parts when gluing.

Gluing wood into a smooth fugue - joining smooth parts without increasing the penetration area.

Microthorn gluing – increasing the penetration area by 2.5 – 5 mm by creating a toothed relief on the part (using a milling cutter).

Gluing onto a serrated tenon – increasing the penetration area by 10 mm by creating a serrated tenon.

Gluing to tongue and groove (tongue and groove, dovetail, oblique tenon) - additional grip due to the groove connection.

Although in certain situations where it is expected special conditions applications, groove and tenon joints are relevant; in most cases, parts are glued together using a smooth fugue. Modern adhesives penetrate deep into the structure and create a strong joint without additional wood removal.

How to glue boards together. Options

The wood to be glued must have a moisture content in the range of 8–12%, maximum 18%. If there is a need to glue wet parts, a special compound is used; during the hardening process, it draws moisture from the wood. When gluing blanks with different humidity levels, a difference of more than 2% is not allowed in order to avoid internal stress in the adhesive seam due to deformation of the wetter part. The temperature of the workpieces to be glued varies between 15 - 20⁰С, so the work is carried out in warm rooms(18 - 22⁰С). In the cold, most compounds crystallize, which leads to a deterioration in the quality of gluing and complicates the process.

Final preparation of wood (planing, jointing, sanding) is carried out immediately before gluing in order to increase the permeability of the glue and avoid warping. It is important not only to select parts according to dimensions, structure and external data, but also to arrange them correctly.

When gluing along the length, planks of only one type of sawing are used - tangential or radial;
When gluing both along the length and width, alternating different parts of the wood is not allowed - the core is laid with the core, the sapwood (the young, outer part) with the sapwood;
The annual rings of adjacent blanks made of boards or bars should be directed in different directions or at an angle to each other of 15⁰.

The standard thickness of furniture panels is 2 cm, but to glue wooden boards at home, when choosing boards for the board, the expected waste during processing is taken into account, so the workpiece is selected with a thickness of up to 2.5 cm. The excess will be removed during the initial processing, when eliminating defects, and after gluing, when sanding the board. If you dissolve for furniture board board 5 cm thick, you get two blanks with the same texture and shade, which increases the decorativeness of the product. For panels, boards of wood of the same species, up to 120 mm wide, are selected, so that it is possible to properly process the edges of the panel; the length of the blanks must have a margin (2 - 5 cm).

Adhesives

The adhesives used to make laminated wood are divided into two main groups.

Synthetic - obtained on the basis of resins or polyvinyl acetate dispersions (PVA). They are characterized by increased strength of the resulting connection, moisture resistance, and biostability. Disadvantages include the presence harmful substances, which can stand out in environment during operation and further operation. Compositions based on phenol-formaldehyde resins are “famous” for this. Modern PVA dispersions and their derivatives are non-toxic and are usually used in the domestic sphere and are considered universal for wood. The bulk of synthetic mixtures are ready for use. Epoxy glue needs finishing; to work with it, the hardener included in the kit is mixed with epoxy resin.

Natural mixtures - animal, plant, mineral. They are safe, provide a strong connection, but are produced in the form of semi-finished products that are prepared before use. How to glue wood with them: when preparing, you must strictly follow the instructions and observe the dosages, otherwise the quality of the glue will not allow you to obtain a strong connection. To prepare the glue, you usually need to dilute the powder concentrate with water to the desired consistency (it may require a certain period of swelling) or melt the solid particles. Direct exposure to fire is not allowed, “ water bath", on which the mass with the addition of water after swelling melts to a homogeneous consistency.

When gluing wooden surfaces glue is applied to both parts in an even layer. The thickness of the layer depends on the type of glue, its consistency and the type of surfaces being glued - the thinner the wood, the thinner the layer. The glue should wet the part, but not excessively; when connecting the elements, an even bead should emerge outward. Glue drips are removed from the surface as soon as they set a little, using a scraper or spatula. Cured excess glue greatly spoils appearance parts and complicates their further processing.

How to glue a piece of wood.

After applying the glue, the parts are kept for a certain period of time, this allows the composition to penetrate deeper, at the same time excess moisture evaporates, and the concentration of adhesives increases. During exposure, the seam should not be exposed to wind or become dusty. Some types of natural glue (bone, flesh) must be applied hot, instantly fastening the parts without soaking, since as the composition cools, the composition loses its properties.

Wood gluing tool

To obtain the most durable connection, when gluing, the wood is pressed - subjected to compression using special presses. At home, improvised tools and means are used for these purposes - vices, clamps, cam devices, frames made of metal corners with clamping mechanisms. The pressure when pressing wood is maintained in the range from 0.2 to 1.2 MPa. In production, large values are possible; at home, such indicators are enough for the structural parts to stick together.

Do-it-yourself laminated wood.

If the gluing technology is followed, the adhesive seam is strong and reliable, and, unlike the method of joining parts with metal fasteners, it does not spoil the appearance.

For those who like to create household items on their own, a topic is open on FORUMHOUSE. You can find out how to organize a convenient corner for working with wood in the article. The video about wooden elements in a country house shows interesting products, made by portal users.

Properly selected furniture adhesive significantly extends the life of the set or its individual elements.

Using this product, you can restore damaged parts, improve the appearance, and return the former functionality of a cabinet, sofa, etc. In addition, the glue must meet the following requirements:

strength, reliability - after all, the duration of operation depends on this;
safety – complete absence (especially of trichloroethane) or minimal content of toxic substances;
durability - the dried adhesive layer must retain its structure, not dry out, or crumble under the influence of external factors(temperature, humidity).

One more important parameters when purchasing an adhesive is its cost. For small volumes of work, you can purchase a more expensive option. However, high cost does not always guarantee adequate quality. IN in this case It is better to pay attention to the properties of the product and select a composition that is optimally suited for a particular material.

Varieties

quick-drying glue instantly glues wood surfaces together

There are several types of adhesive mixtures, which differ depending on the purpose. Each of them has high drying strength. A certain type of adhesive is selected, as a rule, based on its composition. There are:

Water-based glue (animal, PVA). The product reliably fixes fabric surfaces, foam rubber, and types of non-woven fiber.

PVA glue is perfect for gluing foam rubber

When working with this type of material, you cannot use any other type of adhesive other than PVA. Not only can they be ineffective, but they can also damage the surface. For example, liquid super glue instantly corrodes the fabric base.

A universal option is PVA, hot glue. Subject to the right technology gluing ensures long-term fixation strength.
Wood glue for furniture (resortive). The base contains aliphatic resins. Used for gluing wooden surfaces, including outdoor furniture.
Contact furniture adhesive (based on synthetic rubber, hot melt adhesive, high-strength PVA). Used for repair and restoration work at home, outdoor furniture. It sets quickly, but the item can be used for its intended purpose after a day.

uniform application of glue on the PVC sheet

Based on the principle of hardening, all furniture adhesives are divided into groups:

quick-drying (drying) - just leave the glued elements in the air (PVA), they will firmly stick to each other;
thermoplastic (hot melt adhesive) - available in the form of cartridges, granules, blocks, rods; activation of the fixing properties requires exposure to temperature (the composition passes from a solid to a liquid);
thermosetting (BF) - an adhesive seam is formed when the composition hardens under the influence of elevated temperatures.

The last group of furniture adhesives is divided into:

one-component – sold ready-made;
multi-component - as a rule, mixed immediately before application.

thermoplastic glue

Based on the origin of the main ingredient, there are:

organic;
organoelement;
inorganic adhesive mixture.

Depending on the form of release on the market building materials The following types of adhesive compositions are presented:

liquid;
dry;
solid.

Furniture glue containing a solvent (cyclohexane, acetone, hydrocarbon compounds, etc.) quickly hardens due to the evaporation of volatile substances. Water-based products take longer to bond.

Properties

to tightly bond the surfaces of the beams, clamp them with a clamp

To ensure maximum strength and reliability of connections, the adhesive seam must be made with a product containing optimal composition. Ingredients should be selected taking into account the following parameters:

resistance to temperature load (use of objects outdoors in the open sun, near heating devices, gas, electric stoves);
strength under weight load (seats of sofas, chairs, table legs, shelves in closets, other elements that can withstand the weight of objects);
vibration resistance – furniture located in close proximity to washing machines, generators, other working equipment;
resistance to chemical attack - refers to those elements that are supposed to be washed frequently with detergents household chemicals(kitchen, bath, toilet).

Technical parameters of thermoplastic furniture adhesives:

melting temperature value is within 80-100 o C;
the working temperature of hot melt adhesive is 120-200 o C;
hardening period - from 5 to 40 seconds depending on the composition.

Hot melt adhesive does not contain active (volatile) solvents. To firmly fix the surfaces, they must be pressed against each other and held for some time (until the adhesive seam initially hardens). Reliability of gluing is ensured by the resins, rosin, and synthetic rubber included in the composition. Some options contain a small amount of highly volatile solvents, which reduces the setting time of the mixture.

liquid glue in tubes for gluing fiberboard surfaces

Durable versions of water-based adhesives sometimes require placing the treated surfaces under a press. This ensures better bonding of the layers and increases the reliability of the adhesive seam.

The quality of gluing depends not only on the properties of the adhesive composition, but also on the correct preparation of the surface.

For example, porous materials such as plywood, wood, chipboard must be pre-dried and cleaned. High percent moisture can increase the setting period of furniture glue and reduce the strength of the adhesive seam.

Application

Furniture adhesive must be selected not only taking into account the type of material being glued, the load applied, external conditions. Don't forget about ease of application.

applying glue to plywood boards

Hot melt adhesive will provide fixation furniture edge(PVC, melamine, etc.). It is applied using a gun, inside of which melting occurs adhesive composition until liquid.
Animal glue, which is unfairly considered an outdated option, can be used when gluing plywood. The inconvenience of use is that the granules must be dissolved in water when high temperature(in a glue pot). The resulting seam can be melted down and the plywood can be re-attached with it many years later.
Contact types of adhesives for furniture on a polymer (rubber, butadylene-styrene) basis - best option during restoration work with soft upholstery, joints of fabric base, wood, leather, plastic parts. The adhesive seam is quite elastic and resistant to temperature and humidity.
A subtype of contact furniture adhesives is acrylic, which contains latex. The environmental friendliness and high strength characteristics of this product allow it to be used for working with children's furniture made of wood, plastic, chipboard, and other materials.
PVA furniture adhesive (Lux type) is intended for gluing particle boards, veneer, pressed cardboard, laminate, plywood, and wood. Forms a durable film of increased elasticity.
Epoxy (two component) is universal option for fixing any surfaces. It can be used to fill cracks and gaps.
Rubber furniture adhesive (grade 4010) is the best option for attaching metal, wood, fabric, rubberized fragments to a base. It has increased elasticity and resistance to external influences.
BF (phenolic butyral), Rapid 100 are used for fixing the foam layer to the surface.

With development chemical industry the range and variety of adhesive mixtures is increasing. At the same time, the quality of popular and widely used furniture adhesives used for restoration and repair is improving.

When choosing furniture glue, you should pay attention to the expiration date

Wood products, finishing from various types of wood, wood as a building material are always popular. Wood is a beautiful, warm, stylish, easy-to-process material. When making various panels, parts, fragments and compositions, along with fasteners, wood glue is required. Which of its several varieties is better to choose, what features and properties each of them has - let's figure it out.

Every day new varieties of wood glue appear, and well-tested ones are constantly being improved and their characteristics are improving. The choice of such adhesive depends on the characteristics of the product or structure made of wood, and the required properties after manufacture.

PVA

Children's crafts, paper applications and various three-dimensional paper toys are strongly associated with this name. But polyvinyl acetate glue (PVA) has proven itself to be excellent when applied to wood. Many carpenters and woodworkers love to work with it. The disadvantage of PVA is its instability to moisture. Therefore, it is not suitable for outdoor use and damp areas. However, it is convenient to work with, it is inexpensive, and dries quickly.

IN Lately moisture- and even water-resistant PVA appeared. They are more resistant to moisture, but much more expensive than regular glue. Another advantage of PVA is its lack of toxicity.

Wood glue

There are types of glue that are resistant to chemical substances, oils, surfactants. There is wood glue that is waterproof, frost-resistant, resistant to fuels and lubricants, or, conversely, for temporary gluing - its layer can be easily destroyed with a hammer, the parts can be separated using steam, water or heat. Important characteristic The great thing about wood glue is how fast it dries.

Which glue is best for wood is not a completely correct question. The modern market offers a range of high-quality products for gluing wooden surfaces. It is best to choose one whose characteristics meet all the consumer’s requirements. It is also useful to listen to the opinions of professionals, reviews experienced craftsmen, wood specialists.

How to glue wood to wood

What glue to use to glue wooden parts to each other depends on several factors:

wood species, wood colors;
where the glued structure will be permanently located;
what impact will be exposed to;
size of parts and surfaces to be glued;
what load the adhesive joint must withstand.

Also important are the cost of the glue, its consumption, whether it needs to be prepared and for how long, the speed of drying and hardening. Knowing all these parameters, an experienced craftsman can easily determine which glue would be better suited for this product, parts or design.

In order to properly glue wooden parts, structures, and surfaces together and with other materials, you need to listen to the advice of experienced carpenters and woodworkers. Such tips include:

the quality of gluing depends on the quality of the glue and the quality of its preparation;
the most liquid glue is used for gluing the ends of parts; it fills pores and irregularities well;
Before gluing, the surfaces must be carefully prepared - precisely adjusted and roughened with a rasp to ensure better adhesion;
surfaces or parts to be bonded must be clean, without greasy stains, dust, dirt;
the quality of the connection depends on the thickness of the glue layer, you need to apply a layer that is not too thick, but not too thin, it should be dense and uniform;
Excess glue that is squeezed out must be immediately removed with a rag so that the glue does not have time to dry and spoil the appearance and color of the wood.

Very often, during various repair work at home or at personal plot You may be faced with the need to perform high-quality gluing of various wooden elements between themselves. Or with a more complex problem - the need to glue wooden elements with other materials. The eternal question arises - how can this be done, and what glue is best suited to solve this problem?

Moreover, the variety of adhesive compositions available on the modern market in very different price categories misleads the buyer - after all, you want to do everything reliably, without overpaying “for the brand.” So, in fact, such a varied assortment only makes it difficult to choose.

So before you go to the building materials store, you need to thoroughly study the main characteristics of various adhesive compositions, decide what exactly you need to glue, clearly limit your financial capabilities in solving this issue and understand what you will need to purchase. Because, you yourself understand perfectly well, any seller is interested in selling you the most expensive product possible - and if you yourself understand what you need, then the likelihood of losing money on overpayment will become much less.

Range various types glue

Types of glue and main characteristics of the chemical composition

The characteristics that mainly determine for what purpose what kind of glue is used include the following:

The drying period is the time that must pass from the moment the glue applied to the surface of two elements hardens and it can be verified that the parts are firmly connected and will not come apart.
Bonding density is a value determined by the force that must be applied in order to separate two glued surfaces.
Moisture resistance is determined by the humidity level at which the glue begins to lose its properties.

In the vast majority of cases, when working with wood, the following types of glue are used:

BF glue;
epoxy adhesive;
casein glue;
hot melt adhesive for wood (resistant to elevated temperatures);
polyurethane wood glue;
polyvinyl acetate glue (PVA);
syndeticone glue;
glue “Moment” (a variety intended for wood);

One of the most reliable compounds, but at the same time very toxic. Even its fumes, which occur when heated, are poisonous.

The main criteria according to which the adhesive composition is evaluated

Two things are of greatest importance when choosing an adhesive: it chemical composition and quality (which in turn is determined by the three characteristics mentioned above). Great importance also depends on the nature of the work being carried out. Agree, it’s one thing to glue furniture that will be indoors all the time; facade works or gluing any elements that are constantly located on the street. In the second option, it is clear that much more stable glue will be needed.

Requires high strength adhesive that is resistant to high humidity and the action of light, and in addition - immunity to various unfavorable factors of biological origin.
What is also interesting is that it is necessary to take into account not only the nature of the work being performed and the location where it is carried out, but also what types of wood will need to be glued together. This is due to the fact that when choosing an adhesive composition, the moment that matters is whether elements consisting of the same type of wood or different ones will be glued together.

In this way, PVA glue is applied to the prepared adhesive surface. It is the application in a thin strip that allows you to connect even the smallest parts. However, in this way it will be possible to glue only wood to wood

That is, the main goal for any adhesive composition is to form an inextricable connection between parts. The chemical basis of any glue is a binder or adhesive component, and in addition - a solvent or accumulator. In the event that the technological process involves instant hardening, then it will be necessary to include a special crystalloid hardener in the adhesive composition. And if it is necessary for the glue to maintain its properties for a certain amount of time, a stabilizer is needed. There are some types of adhesives that contain plasticizers - due to this, the adhesive composition becomes resistant to action low temperatures and high humidity. In principle, each package of glue indicates its composition and finding a suitable composition, clearly understanding what you need and what each component provides, will not be difficult.

In this case, the turner violates safety rules - he is going to work with a highly toxic compound and does not even bother to wear gloves. This may cause burns or allergic dermatitis

Below we will present the characteristics of the physical and chemical composition of the most commonly used adhesive mixtures.

PVA (polyvinyl acetate glue)

This container is remembered by everyone who has ever worked with wood - PVA has been used for more than 100 years and does not lose its relevance

Ideal for securely gluing parts made of all types of wood. It is completely non-toxic and harmless to health. It can be applied to the surface to be bonded, regardless of its configuration; in addition, this composition is characterized by a long storage period and is designed for a maximum load of up to 60 kg per 1 cm².

Technical characteristics of PVA glue: in the vast majority of cases it is used for gluing furniture and various parts made of any type of wood. The only drawback of this glue is that it has low rate moisture resistance. That is, it cannot be used to glue wooden surfaces that are located on the street. In addition, the use of PVA is not recommended if it is necessary to glue wood with any other materials.

Preparation of the adhesive surface - in this case, the surface of glass and wood will be bonded using special glue BF-2

Glue from the BF series specially designed for wood

This composition, unlike PVA glue, allows you to reliably connect not only elements of wood of different species, but also glue wood with other materials - glass, plastic. To connect wood and metal, you must use BF glue of the BF-4 and BF-2 series. It should be noted that BF-2, which has good resistance to high humidity and temperature, is best used for interior works, and BF-4 - for external ones.

In order to be able to glue this part, it will still need to be processed with a special abrasive tool

However, in order to achieve a truly reliable connection when using this glue, you must adhere to a certain method of using it.

The glue is applied in several layers:

the first layer (otherwise called the primer) must be allowed to dry for one hour at room temperature or 15 minutes – in special thermal ovens;
and the second (final) layer applied to the already dried first layer will only take a few minutes to harden.

After that, the elements to be glued are connected to each other, allowing the glue to dry and harden completely. The gluing of wood performed in this case is capable of withstanding high loads - it will be similar to fusion.

In this case, the glue was chosen incorrectly - excessive pressure was applied to the joint, and the glued surface simply could not stand it

Thermostatic glue for wood of various species - a reliable and expensive option for gluing wood

As is clear from the name itself, the use of this glue is indicated in cases where it is necessary to carry out work in conditions of elevated air temperatures. Its application is carried out only with the help of special “guns”, which ensure the release of a thin stream of glue.

Another important advantage of this technique is the ability to glue even the smallest wooden products. This adhesive composition hardens in just a few seconds. Gluing wood using this composition is one of the most reliable.

In this case, we have to glue wooden parts and every mm of this part is important. So the processing is done on a lathe

General rules that must be followed when gluing together both wooden elements and wood with other materials

Regardless of what type of adhesive composition is used, these rules will be the same in all cases and following them guarantees high-quality, reliable connection surfaces:

Pay attention to this craft - in this case, the round parts were connected using heat-resistant glue. It is very difficult to do this due to the small contact area of the surfaces

An adhesive that is suitable both for joining wooden surfaces and for joining glass and wood. Moisture resistant, used for outdoor

But this is special assembly adhesive. It is suitable not only for gluing wood and glass, but also stone, iron and organic glass. Hardens very quickly, is not susceptible to moisture, and is resistant to high temperatures.

Conclusion

At making the right choice glue and fulfilling all the requirements for carrying out this work, it becomes possible to obtain strength indicators at the gluing site higher than the wood itself. In principle, this can be done even using the simplest PVA.

So there is no point in purchasing any special compositions - any surfaces can be reliably joined using the simplest glue, which is always on sale at affordable price. You just need to understand what exactly needs to be glued and observe safety measures during work aimed at connecting surfaces using an adhesive composition.

Specialists who work with wood know well that they cannot do without a high-quality adhesive composition, either in the manufacture of furniture or in minor repair work.

Can be used like good old recipes wood adhesives, and purchase modern mixtures that act quickly and efficiently and are actively used in production.

The choice of glue depends on the task at hand. Some options will help connect the parts together, others will fix wooden product, others are suitable for treating joints and protecting from moisture.

Modern adhesive mixtures are characterized by heat and moisture resistance, rapid hardening, durability and bond strength.

Types of wood adhesives - how to glue them

Let's look at the most popular types of wood glue.

Wood glue. It is traditionally made from animal bones and skins. The adhesive properties are imparted by the protein included in its composition. Until relatively recently, wood glue was actively used in furniture industry and woodworking. Today it is rarely used, except for manual veneering. It is sold in the form of granules or grains, which need to be dissolved in water using a special glue maker. You can also buy jelly-like glue that is liquefied directly in a glue maker or in a container placed in hot water.
Animal based formulas safe, non-toxic, produce a hard adhesive joint that can be sanded and re-softened. Worthy of attention and moisture-resistant wood glue casein It holds wood, paper, leather, and various fabrics well. Casein powder is mixed with water until the consistency of liquid sour cream is obtained. It is then applied to the parts and left for five minutes. Next, the parts are tightly compressed. It may leave marks, so you need to use it carefully.
Hot melt adhesive. To use hot-melt glue, presented in the form of cylindrical sticks, you need a hot-melt gun. The composition is convenient, hardens quickly, therefore it is actively used for making templates and models. Adhesives are also available in stores in the form of thin sheets. They are placed between the base and the veneer and heated with an iron.
PVA wood glue. PVA is an accessible, inexpensive and convenient option. The PVA water emulsion hardens due to the evaporation of moisture or its absorption by the tree. The non-toxic composition is perfect for performing simple repair work at home. The shelf life is almost unlimited if stored at room temperature. Semi-plastic PVA has a tendency to “creep”, but this property usually manifests itself under increased load. Standard PVA is not resistant to moisture, but manufacturers offer waterproof solutions for outdoor work. Yellow, with a thick PVA consistency, is more resistant to moisture and heat than white and is easy to sand.
Urea-formaldehyde glue. It is considered a waterproof composition that fills cavities well and hardens quickly. Available in powder form, which must be mixed with water and then applied to both surfaces. Some adhesives are made and supplied with a hardener, which is applied to one part, and a mixture of powder and water to the second. The connected parts are additionally fixed for setting with a clamp. When working, be sure to use safety glasses and gloves to ensure access to fresh air.
Resorcinol glue. This option is resistant to various weather conditions, such as sun and moisture. It is two-component, consisting of a hardener and resorcinol-formaldehyde resin. Some types of the mixture are sold immediately in liquid form, or one of the components has a powder composition. After hardening, the glue gives a brown seam, which will be noticeable when working with light wood. For faster hardening, a temperature of at least 15C is required.

Wood gluing technology - blanks and parts

VIDEO ON THE TOPIC

In general, the gluing order is as follows:

surface preparation,
applying the adhesive mixture,
exposure before pressing,
pressing and holding under pressure,
exposure after gluing.

Surface preparation

To successfully glue wood, it is necessary to thoroughly clean the surfaces, degrease them, and make them smooth and even. The presence of roughness will not help to obtain a better quality seam, so they try to get rid of them.

Glue application technology

Usually the mixture is applied in an even thin layer to both parts. Two-component options are applied differently - a hardener is applied to one part, a resin is applied to the second, and then the parts are connected so that the reaction begins.
Most often, it is impossible to do without clamping parts, for example, using clamps. As a result of close contact, excess glue is squeezed out, and before it hardens, they can be carefully removed with a damp cloth.
If contact adhesive is used, the parts will set immediately after joining. Some types allow you to adjust the position of the parts for some time before setting.
Also, depending on the technology and method of fastening wooden parts, they are divided into two groups - cold and hot gluing.

Cold gluing of wood

This method gluing does not involve heating the mixture. To work you will need:

glue,
clamp,
vaims,
special clamps.

Weights are cold pressing equipment, indispensable for gluing parts made of timber, frames, and panels. Cold gluing involves the use of PVAD-based compounds. Due to water based The glue quickly absorbs into the wood and gives a reliable connection. It hardens on average in 15-25 minutes, then requires exposure under pressure for an hour.

VIDEO

Hot wood gluing

This technique is convenient for gluing thin sheets; it involves heating the glue using electricity or steam. Once heated, it hardens in 30-40 seconds.

Presses for gluing wood are divided into:

inclined, horizontal, vertical depending on the location of the shield,
electromechanical, manual, hydraulic, pneumatic depending on the type of drive,
positional and pass-through type based on the operating mode,
steam, electric, HDTV, water depending on the type of heating.

Glue is applied to the parts in advance, then placed in hot-gluing presses. Pressing takes up to 5 minutes, and complete hardening of the glue occurs outside the pressing equipment.

Thus, for high-quality and reliable joining wood parts with glue Today you can use both inexpensive PVA, which are suitable for use at home, and professional types from famous manufacturers. The latter provide a strong and durable connection of parts in industrial scale, facilitate the work of craftsmen in the manufacture of furniture and other wooden structures.

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