Types of penetrating waterproofing. Penetrating Concrete Waterproofing The Best Penetrating Waterproofing for Concrete

Waterproofing "Penetron" is one of the most popular materials in the construction industry. It is produced in the form of a dry mixture, which includes a specialized albolite and chemical modifiers. The composition is used for waterproofing reinforced concrete and concrete surfaces of structures. "Penetron" increases the resistance of buildings to moisture, low temperatures, acids, alkalis, groundwater, seawater and wastewater.

Scope of application of Penetron waterproofing

The insulating material can either act as an independent composition or be applied in combination with other auxiliary mixtures from a similar series of products. The specific application depends on the type of structure.

Penetrating waterproofing "Penetron" is used when there are cracks 0.4 mm wide on the surface being treated. If the size of the defects is more significant, then the Penecrit composition is also used. Both mixtures eliminate cracks, joints and wide seams.

The advantage of Penetron is its radioactive purity and environmental friendliness. Waterproofing is completely safe for environment and people's health.

The composition is used for waterproofing monolithic and prefabricated structures made of concrete and reinforced concrete. A surface treated with this composition better resists moisture and aggressive agents, and increases its strength and frost resistance.

Advantages of building mixture

Waterproofing "Penetron" today is considered one of the most effective methods from exposure to moisture.

The advantages of the composition include the following facts:

• Penetrating waterproofing is not subject to mechanical wear, since concrete acquires all its insulating properties. The service life of the coating is equal to the service life of the structure to which it was applied.
• A more technologically advanced way to use it. For example, waterproofing the foundation with Penetron can be carried out from any side - the penetrating properties of the solution will do their job without drying the concrete itself.
• The dry construction mixture is capable of closing cracks no more than 0.5 mm wide that form during operation in concrete. When water seeps into the pores of the base, crystals build up, which pushes out the moisture.
• "Penetron" does not change physical properties concrete mixture- strength, mobility, setting time, etc. The exception is water resistance.

Branded Penetron solutions help even in cases where similar mixtures fail.

Operating principle of penetrating waterproofing

Liquid insulation solution is applied only to wet surface concrete. By interacting with the base material, the mixture creates a high chemical potential while maintaining a lower potential of the internal structure of concrete. The resulting process facilitates the penetration of “Penetron” deep into the material of the insulated structure.

The higher its humidity, the faster and more efficiently this process will occur. Waterproofing components are capable of penetrating several tens of centimeters into concrete structures.

Unique properties of "Penetron"

Penetrating mixtures have certain characteristics that greatly simplify their use and increase their effectiveness.

• Such solutions are applied to both wet and dry surfaces. Pre-drying of the base is not required, which saves money cash when performing work.
• No special surface preparation is required before applying Penetron.
• Waterproofing can be applied to any surface. In addition, it reacts not only with it, but also with reinforcing components.
• The environmental friendliness and safety of waterproofing allows it to be used for treating drinking water tanks.

Surface preparation

Before applying the solution to the concrete surface, it is advisable to clean it from sand, dirt, dust, old paint and decorative coatings. For this purpose you can use special equipment, feeding under high pressure stream of water.

The concrete, cleaned of dirt and dust, is washed with a weak acid solution and left in this form for one hour. This is done to eliminate traces of fat and accumulation.

It is worth remembering that best effect Penetron waterproofing can be achieved by saturating the entire concrete structure with the solution and applying it to a damp surface.

Waterproofing "Penetron": application technology

The process of processing concrete structures begins after the surface has been completely cleaned of dirt and prepared required quantity mixtures. Penetron waterproofing is applied in two layers using a brush made of synthetic fibers or a special sprayer.

As mentioned above, all work is carried out only with wet concrete. The first layer of waterproofing is applied immediately after the surface of the structure is wetted with water. Then they wait some time for the composition to “set”, after which the concrete is wetted again and a second layer is applied.

The main requirement is the uniform distribution of the composition over the surface of the structure, without gaps or gaps. On average per one square meter area will have to spend about 0.8-1.1 kg of the mixture, however, the presence of defects and surface irregularities can significantly increase consumption. Waterproofing "Penetron" is often used in conjunction with "Penecrete" and other materials from a similar line, which make it possible to eliminate leaks, seams, joints and joints of block structures.

Waterproofing "Penetron": reviews and approximate cost

Before purchasing any building materials, it is important to ensure their quality. You can do this by looking at reviews from real consumers. one line receives mostly positive responses, including Penetron dry mixes. The price of these building materials is perhaps the only point that causes dissatisfaction.

If we compare the cost of laying adhesive-type waterproofing, taking into account its service life, then the cost of purchasing a dry mixture will not be so large.

On average, the price for one package of Penetron waterproofing varies from 200 to 300 rubles.

Caring for structures treated with waterproofing

For three days after applying the composition, the concrete surface must be protected from mechanical damage and influences. The base should also not dry out - this can cause cracking and peeling. To avoid this, you can spray water on the surface with a spray bottle or cover it with plastic wrap.

In most cases, concrete structures are finished decorative materials. When treating surfaces with Penetron waterproofing, carry out the following Finishing work possible only after 28 days.

Sometimes conventional waterproofing does not help protect foundations that are in active contact with water. To prevent damage to structures from moisture, it is necessary to use penetrating water-stopping waterproofing for concrete. Today we will talk about penetrating compounds, consider their advantages and disadvantages. We will introduce you to the mechanism of penetrating waterproofing, recommend the best mixtures for it, and inform you about the technology for using such waterproofing.

Area of ​​application of penetrating waterproofing

Waterproofing is necessary in order to protect the structural material installed in the room from moisture, increasing its service life. Water contains salts, which, penetrating into the structure of the material, begin to destroy it, reducing its strength and durability. To prevent negative impact water on the building, increase the moisture resistance of the building material, lay a waterproofing layer.

Penetrating waterproofing - cement-sand mixture using chemical additives.

The difference between penetrating waterproofing and other compounds is that it creates a waterproofing layer not on the surface of the foundation, but in its thickness, inside.

Chemical additives are capable of penetrating to a depth of 10-12 cm.

This waterproofing is used in many structures with high humidity:

Operating principle, pros and cons of penetrating waterproofing

The material is applied to wet concrete, pre-mixed with water. Chemical substances, which are part of the penetrating materials, react with the elements of the concrete mixture and form insoluble crystals.

And since the structure of concrete is capillary-porous, the crystals fill its microcracks, blocking access to water. Air can pass through it, allowing the concrete to breathe. Thanks to penetrating waterproofing, concrete becomes compacted, a high-strength film 2-3 mm thick is formed on it, and even strong water pressure cannot wash out the active substances from it.

If water molecules get on such concrete, the chemical reaction resumes again. Substances penetrate even deeper into it, thus capturing larger areas of it, making it highly durable and waterproof. The penetration depth of such waterproofing throughout the entire thickness of concrete is 30-40 cm; it can close cracks 4 mm wide.

Benefits of use:

Penetrating waterproofing has its disadvantages

Selecting penetrating waterproofing

"Penetron"

One of the most popular construction penetrating mixtures is “Penetron.” This material system increases the water resistance of concrete by 4 levels. So, before processing the concrete, it withstood water pressure of 2 atmospheres. After using Penetron penetrating waterproofing, it is able to withstand water pressure of 10 atmospheres, and over time it can achieve water resistance.

The chemically active substances of Penetron penetrate into the concrete regardless of the direction of water pressure. The movement of Penetron elements is possible deep into the concrete and against the flow of water. Once inside, active chemical elements"Penetron" reacts with aluminum, calcium ions, oxides and metal salts. As a result, an insoluble precipitate appears in the form of crystals, which fill the concrete cells without letting water inside. The water resistance of concrete increases.

"Penetron" is a dry construction mixture, which includes quartz sand and chemical additives. This quality, patented material has been used for over 50 years in cast-in-place and precast concrete and reinforced concrete structures. American penetrating material protects and restores old concrete with cracks no more than 0.5 mm.

Its effectiveness allows Penetron to be used not only for industrial purposes, but also for domestic purposes: to protect swimming pools, bathrooms, and basements. The material is not cheap - the cost for 1 kg is 4-5 dollars, and its consumption is 1 kg per square meter.

An expensive pleasure, isn't it? But it's worth it. It's better to buy quality material than to resume later renovation work. Just carefully look through the goods on the market so as not to buy a cheap fake.

"Kristallizol"

High-quality mixture for penetrating waterproofing. Kristallizol contains river or quartz sand, special cement and active chemical additives. The manufacturer GidroStroyKomplekt does not reveal the secret of the composition of the mixture.

It is produced in Russia, so it costs less - only 1 dollar per 1 kg. But it is in no way inferior to the famous brand, and in some respects even superior.

Yes, waterproofing plaster mixture restores damaged concrete structures, perfectly protects swimming pools, water tanks, walls and floors of basements that are below level groundwater.

For joints and seams it is produced – “Suture” “Kristallizol”, for new and old concrete structures – W12, for walls of wells “Gidroplomba”, for restoration – “Repair”

"Lakhta"

Reviews of the dry mixture are the best. Consumers praise construction material for quality, efficiency and lower price than foreign analogues: 2-3 dollars per 1 kg. At the same time, it is higher than the price of the penetrating mixture domestic manufacturer"Crystallisol." It consists of a mixture of quartz sand, cement and active chemical additives.

“Lakhta” does not peel off and forms a protective layer that prevents mechanical damage. Waterproof W10. "Lakhta" is effective even at high hydrostatic pressure. Widely used in industry and everyday life. Safe material, therefore approved for waterproofing drinking water tanks.

Before applying Lakhta, the concrete surface should be cleaned of oil products, dirt, and dust so that foreign substances do not prevent the material from penetrating into the pores of the concrete.

The smooth surface should be sanded under high pressure, and then hydrochloric acid diluted in a ratio of 1:10 should be applied to it. This is necessary so that the pores of the concrete open.

"Element"

Penetrating waterproofing "Element" is produced in Stavropol. It costs one and a half dollars per kilogram.

Used to protect basements, balconies, swimming pools, cellars, underground parking lots, plinths, mines, hydraulic structures from water. The “element” penetrates several tens of centimeters into the concrete.

The crystals that fill the capillaries of concrete go deeper inside, the wetter it is. And the stronger it becomes. Concrete after exposure to the penetrating mixture “Element” prevents water filtration even under high pressure. The armoring layer that appears when using the mixture protects against mechanical damage, chemical influences, and metal corrosion.

"CT TRON"

Krov Trade specialists offer a wide range of building mixtures products. There is not only penetrating waterproofing, but also compounds that protect seams and joints of structures, as well as mixtures for eliminating instant leaks.

The line includes waterproof plaster, which is applied to walls, and additives to concrete that increase its water resistance.

The company employs professionals in their field who use the best achievements of science and technology. The main advantages of the composition of penetrating materials is the presence in them of elements similar in structure to cement. Therefore, they have a service life the same as concrete. Penetrating mixtures are used to make structures dry, waterproof: basements, garages, plinths, bathrooms, industrial and energy complexes.

"Hydrotex"

Penetrating waterproofing contains sand, cement and additives. For waterproofing the inner layer use “Hydrotex B”, for the outer layer “Hydrotex U.”

Manufacturers of "Hydrotex" claim that their compositions can penetrate to a depth of 1 m.

"Osmosis"– penetrating materials made in Italy. They protect both industrial facilities and private buildings. Before using them, walls and floors should be plastered.

Aquatron-6– this waterproofing penetrates 40 cm deep into the concrete.

Technology for working with penetrating compounds

Technology of penetrating waterproofing of joints and seams

If there are cracks big size, add fine gravel.

If the concrete structure shows signs of destruction, then the mixture is applied with a spatula in several layers. The layer size must be at least 13mm.

After an hour, treat the surface with a liquid waterproofing compound.

Technology for treating foundations with penetrating waterproofing

This technology is used to process new block or monolithic foundations as with inside, and from the outside.

The composition can be applied both inside the room and outside.

If there are damaged foundation structures, the mixture should have a paste-like consistency. Apply it in a 2mm layer.

The decorative layer should be applied to the surface only 21 days after use. waterproofing materials.

Foundation repair technology using penetrating compounds

This technology is used to eliminate leaks with strong hydrostatic pressure. Water-penetrating insulation stops leaks by installing a waterproof plug in the crack

Today we introduced you to penetrating waterproofing, its advantages and disadvantages, told you where it is used, and the technology of its use.

We hope that our advice will help you protect your building from destruction and extend its service life for many years.

Waterproofing is one of the the best ways protection of foundations from the harmful effects of groundwater. Moisture can destroy not only classic brick or rubble masonry, due to its chemical properties water also destroys over time durable concrete, destroys the reinforcement frame of the base. It is necessary to select waterproofing taking into account the climate of the region and the type of foundation.

Main types of foundation waterproofing

There are three main types of coatings that can protect the foundation from moisture:

1. Coating. These are special waterproof coatings that create a waterproofing layer no more than 3 mm thick. They are made from bitumen (a solid or resin-like product) with the addition of polymer resins and essential oils, rigid and elastic polymer-cement compositions. The main purpose is to prevent capillary penetration of moisture into the concrete structure; they are applied using a spatula or roller. In some cases, when coating waterproofing It is supplied in the form of a suspension and is applied by spraying.
2. The adhesive waterproofing of the foundation is a built-up layer. This group of products includes roofing felt, various types of penetrating membranes and bitumen polymers. The peculiarity is that they are all produced on the basis of bitumen, so for better pasting the materials need to be heated. In terms of price, glued foundation waterproofing is cheap; its disadvantage is a possible violation of the tightness and penetration of moisture through the joints.
3. Penetrating waterproofing, its second name is plaster. These are materials that are produced on the basis of cement with the addition of various composite compositions and are applied to the surface in the form of a solution. In most cases, these are powders. Sold in bags, before use they need to be diluted in water and applied with a spatula like regular plaster. The average thickness of the coating is 5-15 mm, it copes well with capillary moisture, but is not very resistant to mechanical damage, and over time, cracks appear on the coating.

The choice of this type of waterproofing is quite large; almost all of them are made on a mineral basis, therefore they are environmentally friendly.

Penetrating waterproofing - principle of operation

Concrete is a porous material, inside of which there are specific micro-channels through which moisture can penetrate inside. Such micro-channels can be closed only by external high-quality treatment. Moisture, entering the middle of the concrete foundation, after freezing, expands to significant volumes and destroys the concrete from the inside. It gradually destroys the internal structure of concrete and slowly reaches reinforcement cage. If metal corrosion begins, it is almost impossible to stop it, and within a few years the destruction of the foundation will begin.

Built-up waterproofing is not suitable for all types of foundations. It is often used as an outer protective layer for other insulations.

Modern types of pasting or coating materials are not resistant to mechanical stress and cover only the outer surface of the foundation, practically without penetrating into the pores.

Penetrating waterproofing, in turn, due to the formation of crystals of water-insoluble mineral salts, gets inside the pores and clogs them, protecting the integrity of the concrete. Crystals are able to fill even minimal porous channels and water leakage no longer occurs through the increased surface tension of the water surface. That is why the choice of penetrating waterproofing is justified.

Penetrating waterproofing is a cement-based mineral mixture with synthetic additives. polymer materials and resins. If they are applied to a cold, damp surface, the crystals will grow almost continuously, so even after mechanical damage coating, waterproofing will quickly recover. This type protective coating copes well with seasonal temperature changes. Note that this is an environmentally friendly material that can be used both outside and indoors. Some suspensions can be applied by spraying, but they are expensive and are used more on large concrete surfaces.

Types and purpose of the base protective layer

Based on its composition and purpose, penetrating foundation waterproofing is divided into types:

1. An aqueous solution that is applied with a brush or spray. It is used mainly on new surfaces that do not have visible damage or large cracks.
2. The mixture is dry and must first be diluted with water to a paste consistency. It is applied with a spatula, used for repair and restoration waterproofing work, and can also be used as a primary layer before installing roofing felt.
3. Waterproofing seams. This cement mixture, is used exclusively for tightening seams and cracks.

On the waterproofing materials market, liquid mixtures are considered the best; they perfectly cover porous surfaces. concrete base and penetrate to a depth of up to half a meter. Liquid penetrating foundation waterproofing is resistant to atmospheric and mechanical influences, it does not dissolve in acids, alkalis and is almost impossible to destroy. After treating a wet surface, a durable crystallization layer is formed, which has the ability to recover.

Application is carried out in four stages:

1. The surface of the foundation must first be cleaned of dust, grease and old bitumen. Then treat the concrete under pressure with water so that it penetrates deep into the pores. Clean the protruding parts of the fittings from rust and treat them with anti-corrosion compounds.
2. Mix the composition with water until a medium-density suspension is achieved.
3. Apply the composition in two layers to the concrete surface, the interval between applications should be at least 6 hours.
4. Before applying the second layer, it is recommended to brush the first one to ensure penetration of the next layer of waterproofing.

If it is necessary to restore the waterproofing layer of a destroyed foundation with a liquid composition, then the mixture is diluted to a thick paste-like mass and applied with a spatula. Decorative coatings can be applied over waterproofing only after a month.

Foundation repair using penetrating waterproofing

The essence of the method is that some special mixtures tend to quickly harden under the influence of water, forming a durable concrete plug in places where the base is deformed:

1. The crack or seam must first be widened, deepened and cleaned of dust and foreign objects.
2. Then prepare a thick paste and mold it into a plug in the shape of a hole in the concrete. All work must be carried out as quickly as possible, since the mixture dries quite quickly.
3. Place the plug in the gulley, hold it with your hands or heavy materials at hand for several minutes. This time will be enough for active crystallization to begin; the mixture may heat up significantly during this time.

The surface of the gulley is leveled with a compound and treated with liquid penetrating waterproofing.

Advantages and disadvantages

This the best remedy to protect the foundation from moisture in porous micro-channels:

1. A deep waterproofing layer can be formed.
2. This is one of the few waterproofing materials that can be successfully used for treating indoor residential premises, since the waterproofing does not form volatile substances hazardous to health.
3. Can be applied to wet surfaces regardless of the direction of groundwater movement.

The disadvantages include:

1. Provides protection of porous micro-channels from moisture only in concrete structures; it is not suitable for treating brick and rubble foundations.
2. Penetrating waterproofing can only be used on crack-resistant concrete foundations.
3. Cannot be used for waterproofing structures made of porous materials.
4. Cannot be applied to prefabricated strip foundations due to the presence of too large seams between the blocks.

In addition to dry mixtures, which are then diluted with water, for greater efficiency it is also advisable to use adhesive waterproofing. Then both layers of material will provide maximum reliability and protection from moisture. Some types of waterproofing are also added to the concrete before it is prepared and poured. Then you get a material that is resistant to moisture, mechanically strong and inert towards contaminated water. When applying penetrating waterproofing, you must remember the safety rules and wear rubber gloves and goggles.

Penetrating waterproofing for concrete- this is a set of measures that prevent the ingress of water, as well as protect the structure from the effects of aggressive environments. Waterproofing work helps to avoid corrosion, wall destruction, dampness and mold. They are carried out during the construction of concrete structures - foundations, basements, floors, walls, swimming pools, underground garages and tunnels. Also, these works can be carried out at the stage of sealing seams, joints, and ceilings.

Penetrating waterproofing products are available in powder or ready-made solution. The basis of any mixture, as a rule, is cement and fine quartz sand. The compositions of the mixtures differ due to various modifiers and fillers.

Penetrating mechanism

Active additives penetrate into microcracks in concrete (water repellents) to a depth of 10 to 60 cm and enter into a chemical reaction with it. At the end of the process, crystals are formed that are stronger than concrete. The crystals of the waterproofing solution do not dissolve back with water. A durable waterproof coating appears on the outside.

Double benefit

Thus, the waterproofing solution performs a double function: it clogs pores and uneven areas inside and forms a protective layer on the outside. These properties are especially beneficial for the reconstruction and restoration of concrete walls.
When water disappears, the chemical reaction stops. The next time water hits the surface, the crystallization process resumes in depth. Thus the crystals become integral part concrete structure. The degree of penetration of active substances depends on the density of the concrete, its humidity and the ambient temperature.
As a result of the use of funds penetrating waterproofing You get a coating that will become harder every day.

Pros of penetrating waterproofing

More details

Treatment with penetrating compounds significantly increases frost resistance and water resistance building structures, the strength characteristics practically do not increase.

Penetrating waterproofing is insensitive to damage to the outer layer, since the waterproofing properties are distributed throughout the depth and volume of the concrete.

The porous structure of concrete stone acquires waterproof properties, but at the same time continues to remain vapor permeable (breathable)

The classic composition of penetrating waterproofing includes only environmentally friendly mineral components.

The waterproof crystalline structure formed in the pores of the cement stone is practically inseparable from it and continues to function throughout the entire life of the building structure.

Penetrating waterproofing is a volumetric material that is applied to the surface of concrete, but at the same time ensures the formation of a waterproof crystalline structure in the entire available volume of the material, which is actually limited by the dimensions of the porous system of the concrete stone and the initial supply of chemically active substances.

The material can be used under positive and negative hydrostatic pressure and applied to both the outer and inner surfaces of the structure being treated

Disadvantages of penetrating waterproofing

More details

Penetrating waterproofing is used only for materials based on cement binder (concrete, reinforced concrete, plaster and other construction mixtures). This is due to the fact that the components of cement stone are the basis for the formation of a crystalline structure in the pores of concrete, providing high performance waterproof.

Penetrating waterproofing is not used to prevent water from entering through technological, including cold, seams, as well as concrete cracks, because the process of germination of a crystal structure can only develop within a single, connected system por. Special suture materials are used to waterproof seams and technological openings.

Penetrating waterproofing does not prevent water from entering through newly formed cracks, incl. shrinkage and structural defects of building structures. Therefore, when carrying out work on external waterproofing of buildings and structures, the use of penetrating compounds is recommended in combination with elastic waterproofing materials.

Penetrating waterproofing does not work effectively in porous cement-containing materials with compressive strength characteristics less than 150 MPa.

Instructions for use (abstract) of penetrating waterproofing:

The information is intended to be familiar with general principles application of penetrating waterproofing.
When carrying out work, you must follow the instructions placed directly on the packaging of the material used, as well as in the corresponding section of our website.
More details

Surface preparation:

1. The material is used exclusively for processing concrete or other bases made on the basis of a cement binder, because the presence of calcium is a prerequisite for the formation of a waterproofing crystalline structure.
2. During preparation, it is necessary to ensure maximum opening of the pores on the treated surface and its abundant moisture, since the presence of water molecules is another prerequisite for the formation of a waterproofing crystalline structure, and its growth and development occurs directly in the pores of the concrete stone. The presence of pollution of various natures is unacceptable.
3. The material is not intended for waterproofing seams and cracks with an opening of more than 0.4 mm, therefore, to prevent the entry of water, these defects must be reliably waterproofed in advance with suture or repair materials.

Preparation of penetrating waterproofing.

1. Use only clean drinking water, because the presence of foreign impurities of organic and inorganic origin has a harmful effect on the course of chemical processes in modern multicomponent compositions and significantly reduces the final water resistance of the building structure.
2. Care should be taken to comply with the requirements for intermediate holding of the solution, aimed at ensuring better dissolution of, as a rule, a small amount of modifying or chemical active components, initially in dry form and achieving uniform distribution throughout the entire volume of the solution.
3. It is prohibited to add water to the solution in excess of the technological norm, because the presence of excess water leads not only to a decrease in the ease of application of the solution, but also to serious deterioration technical characteristics material. Please note that the consistency of the solution changes significantly during mixing and until all additives are completely dissolved it may look quite hard.
4. If the temperature of the mixing water significantly deviates from the norm, an imbalance occurs in all time parameters of mixing and hardening of the solution, which should be taken into account when applying the material and carrying out further work.

Applying a penetrating waterproofing solution:

The requirements when applying the solution are related to ensuring the most active interaction of the chemically active part of the solution with the surface being treated.

1. The solution should be in close contact with the base over the entire area of ​​the treated surface.
2. The thickness of the working layer must be uniform and correspond to the material consumption rate.
3. The "swelling" areas are cleaned and re-processed without fail.

Care of the treated surface.

1. The treated surface must be kept moist for three days to ensure diffusion of the active components of the composition into the thickness of the treated surface and maintain the dynamics of the primary formation of a waterproofing crystalline structure.
2. The holding time of the material before applying subsequent layers is, in general, 28 days, but can be significantly less. in this case, it is indicated by the manufacturer in the instructions for use located on the product packaging.
3. In the case of germination of the crystal structure to the outside waterproofing coating Before applying subsequent layers, it must be mechanically removed, and the surface itself must be treated with a weak acid solution to stop the crystallization process.

IN Lately quite often there are cases when penetrating materials are used as the main waterproofing element, which WRONG.

Penetrating compounds can be used as one of the elements in the chain of system waterproofing materials, but not as the main one. These materials are convenient to use, effective when a new structure (basement, underground garage, etc.) has leaked, but consider them as universal remedy for all occasions - WRONG, especially since they also have limitations (large pores, old leached concrete, etc.).

When repairing an old base, when the external pores are oily or clogged, it is necessary to thoroughly clean the surface of the plaster and degrease it, opening access to the capillary system. Moreover, it will not be possible to do this with a simple iron brush - you need to clean it thoroughly, preferably with sand or water under high pressure. There are other significant points that limit the use of penetrating waterproofing.

The problem of waterproofing foundations actively in contact with water, as well as in cases with limited access to outside foundation, is that the use of traditional waterproofing materials does not always lead to effective protection against water and moisture. To further enhance the waterproofing properties of a concrete structure (foundation), it is recommended to carry out waterproofing from penetrating materials on the inside of the protected structures (basements).

Penetrating waterproofing- cement-sand mixture using chemical additives.

Fundamental difference penetrating compounds from all other materials - the formation of a waterproofing layer not on the surface of the foundation, but in its considerable thickness (the penetration depth of active chemical components can reach 10-12 cm).

Application

• waterproofing of surfaces of concrete and reinforced concrete structures;
• waterproofing of foundations and basements actively in contact with water;
• in combination with surface waterproofing of the foundation with high level groundwater.

Advantages

• increasing the water resistance of concrete structures (and ONLY! concrete);
• formation of a waterproofing layer in the concrete mass;
• the ability to process external and internal surfaces of the structure, regardless of the direction of water pressure;
• applied to a damp surface, there is no need to dry the concrete.

The main advantage of penetrating materials is the ability to protect the structure from moisture penetration from the outside. Therefore, this type of waterproofing has found wide application during the reconstruction of basements and semi-basements, when external waterproofing it is no longer possible to perform.

FLAWS

• used for waterproofing on crack-resistant concrete structures;
• anti-capillary protection brick walls does not provide (due to the absence of substances necessary for the reaction in the brick);
• not used for waterproofing walls made of porous materials (foam concrete, aerated concrete, etc.) due to the large size of the pores;
• It is not recommended to apply prefabricated foundation blocks (the problem area is the joints between them).

The combination of penetrating waterproofing on stable bases and elastic waterproofing on bases subject to deformation can solve many waterproofing problems during the repair and reconstruction of underground structures.

Penetrating waterproofing mechanism

The waterproofing mixture is mixed with water and applied to the wet concrete surface. The waterproofing effect is achieved by filling the capillary-porous structure of concrete with insoluble crystals.

The active chemical additives that make up the material, penetrating into the concrete, enter into a chemical reaction with the components of the concrete mixture, forming insoluble compounds (crystals) that create a continuous barrier that prevents the flow of water.

The process of concrete compaction develops in depth upon contact with water molecules and stops in its absence. Upon new contact with water, the reaction resumes.

The depth of penetration of active chemical components into the concrete body can reach tens of centimeters. Micropores, capillaries and microcracks up to 0.3-0.4 mm wide (diameter), filled with products chemical reactions, increase the water resistance of concrete by 2-3 steps.

As a result, the penetrating waterproofing becomes an integral part of the concrete, creating compacted, waterproof concrete.