Do it yourself manual hoist. Do-it-yourself winch - simple manufacturing methods

A hoist is a device for lifting and lowering a load. In addition, such a mechanism can hold the load in a suspended position. Hoists can have manual or electric drive. With an electric drive, an electric motor is responsible for the movement of the cables. The manual hoist uses a chain mechanism. Such a device can be gear or lever. In this article I will talk about the principles of operation of a manual hoist.

The most successful solution for lifting loads and working with them at height is a manual gear hoist. This mechanism is designed for raising and lowering loads of various configurations. As the name of this device implies, the mechanism is driven manually. This does not require an energy source. A person who does not have much strength can operate a manual chain hoist.

The operating principle of a chain hoist is not very complicated. This mechanism can be used as a stand-alone lift or as part of a crane beam structure. The hoist can be mobile, lever or stationary.

To work with a stationary hoist, the operator must be located directly next to the load. Thanks to the rotating casing, the load can not only be raised and lowered, but also unfolded for more comfortable work with him.

The mobile chain hoist is attached to an I-beam profile, along which, using the carriage included in the hoist, loads can be moved in two directions: vertical and horizontal. Such a hoist, which is mounted on a carriage, is called a telpher.

How does a chain hoist work?
A chain hoist consists of two blocks and a chain thrown between them. The lower block has a chain sprocket, and the upper block has two sprockets of different diameters. It is because of the difference in the diameters of the sprockets that the load is lifted more efficiently.

In addition, we should not forget about increasing the efficiency of the hoist due to the block system.

Advantage of chain hoist:
Compactness;
Light weight;
Ease of use;
No energy consumption;
Durability;
Relatively low cost.

You can learn about chain hoists on the website stropu71.ru.

Here you can also purchase cable slings and others lifting mechanisms and accessories for them. The Partner StroyServis company has been supplying lifting and geodetic equipment for about ten years. In addition, the services of this company include the design and manufacture of slings and ropes of any size and type.

The movement mechanisms of hoists, the load capacity of which is 1, 2 and 3 tons, include such elements as a driven and idle trolley, and a traverse. Using the last element, the lifting mechanism is fixed and connected to the movement unit.

The hoist trolleys are attached to the traverse using vertical-type hinge pins. This design ensures a turning angle of the trolley of 15-18 degrees.

Thanks to the hinged design (guide rollers are provided on the vertical axes), the hoist with the movement mechanism freely passes along paths that have a minimum radius of curvature.

Due to the low-mounted electric motor, the movement mechanism of the electric hoist easily overcomes small switches.

The monorail mechanism for moving electric hoists is offered in normal and reduced dimensions.

The movement mechanisms of normal-sized hoists are equipped with one common sidewall on each side. The motor is mounted on one side via a flange. The connection between the motor shaft and the primary gear is realized through the use of a reduction attachment.

A hoist with a movement mechanism of reduced size is characterized by a different type of design. Instead of two, there are 4 sidewalls (two driven and two driven).

On devices with low load capacity and low lifting height, only 1 trolley is provided. The trolley is rigidly fixed to the body using a frame.

For hoists equipped with a pair of trolleys, 2 types of fastening are provided - rigid (frame) and hinged (special bolt).

Variations of fastening mechanisms for moving electric hoists

The design of the lifting mechanism is adapted to fix the unit for moving the load along a horizontal plane. Such mechanisms are being developed for monorail or double-rail tracks. Clamps can be of the following types:

• Rigid (hinged) – for a normal-sized movement mechanism. Pulley hoist 2/1 and 4/1. Figure 4A shows an electric hoist with one trolley.

• Hinged (Fig. 4B I) – lifting device not rigidly fixed around the axle and road wheels.

• Swinging or semi-hinged - the lifting mechanism swings. In Fig. 4B shows an electric hoist with two trolleys.

• Non-jointed 2/1 and 4/1. Designed for hoists with reduced dimensions of the movement mechanism. The lifting unit is mounted on the side of the rail track. This design allows you to save useful space.

• Lifting mechanism with a unit for moving along a double-rail track. Fig 6.

Figure 4 shows a diagram of the movement mechanism, which includes Electrical engine(2), gearbox (3), driving block (4), driven block (5).

The winch is an indispensable device, as in household, and in the garage. Lift a roll of roofing felt onto the roof, throw a couple of bags of cement into the second floor window of a private house under construction, pull the engine out of the hood, and drag the broken car itself into the garage... This is an incomplete list of tasks that can easily be done alone with its help.

Adaptations drum type for lifting or moving heavy objects, they differ in the way they transmit torque. From our school physics course we know how the shoulder works. Losing in speed or distance, we gain in strength. The phrase of Archimedes: “Give me a fulcrum, and I will turn the Earth upside down” precisely describes the principle of operation of the winch.

IMPORTANT! When working with such a device, the support points are the body and the place where the winch is attached. Both elements must be reliable.

A manual winch, with the help of an attached shoulder, increases human strength so much that one operator can move cars or lift weights of several hundred kilograms. With the same (from a mechanical point of view) principle of operation, these devices have various ways execution.

Manual drum winch - varieties

A hand winch with a drum is a classic of the genre. In addition to the common element - the pulley on which the cable is wound, the devices have Various types drive.

A large, main gear is firmly attached to the drum. The entire load falls on it, and on the fastening. Therefore, the reliability of the elements must be at the proper level. In mesh with the main one, there is a small driving gear.

The ratio of the number of teeth is the value of the gear ratio. In other words, gain. The drive gear is integral with the drive shaft. Because the we're talking about O hand tools– a handle for rotation is put on the shaft.

The length of the lever also affects the degree of reinforcement. The larger the handle arm, the less effort you need to apply.

With the help of such devices, you can single-handedly lift several centners of cargo or move a car weighing 2-3 tons. At the same time, the rotation speed of the drum is quite high.

The design consists of two or more pairs of gears, each of which has a gain of tens of times. With sequential engagement, these coefficients add up, multiplying the force.

back side medals – proportional reduction in speed. Having such a winch, you can slowly vertically lift loads of more than a ton, but if you have to work with two bags of cement, the lifting time will stretch for tens of minutes.

The winch is one of the oldest devices that facilitates the movement of heavy objects, invented by man much earlier than he knew the laws of physics. The principle of operation of the winch is based on the rule of leverage: by applying minor forces to the handle, you can move and lift quite a lot. heavy objects. Winches and hoists are widely used on the farm for lifting building materials, dragging loads, and even for plowing land. Winches, powered by manual or electric drive, are also indispensable for lovers of off-road travel.

Buy a winch or make it yourself? Which winch design is better? The answers to these questions depend on how often you plan to use it and what loads you move. Manual winches require force but are not dependent on electrical power. An electric winch can move heavy loads without any effort on your part, but it must be powered or battery-powered. Below are the designs of several winches that you can make with your own hands; which winch to choose is up to you.

Winch made from a cable and a piece of pipe

A version of the simplest winch, which can be made literally from scrap materials and in a few minutes, is popular among car enthusiasts. This design is a cable rigidly attached to a piece of pipe placed on an axle. The axle is driven into the ground or secured in some other way. Any lever is slipped under the bottom turn of the cable: a shovel handle, a pipe, a strong pole. By rotating the lever so that the cable is wound around the pipe, you can move a fairly heavy object, for example, a stuck car. This device cannot be called a full-fledged winch, but it performs its functions.

Manual winches include any devices that allow you to move loads and are manually driven. The most common are drum-type winches: a cable is wound on a reel, and the rotation of the reel is carried out using a handle through a gear transmission: a worm or a sprocket system different sizes. The higher the gear ratio, the less force is required to apply to the handle.

For effective operation, the hand winch must be rigidly fixed to a stationary object; for this purpose, mounting holes are made on the winch frame. The handle is connected to a shaft on which a small sprocket is rigidly fixed. The coil is rigidly connected to a large sprocket, which has a clutch with a small one. The cable is attached at one end to the reel, and a carabiner or hook is attached to the other end.

Do-it-yourself winch with manual or electric drive

If you have the skills to work with a welding machine, you can make a winch yourself from scrap materials.

You will need:

• Rectangular pipe for making the frame;
• Pipe or finished drum shaft;
• Sheet metal for drum discs, thickness 3 mm;
• Threaded rods M10-M12, 24 cm long – 6 pieces, nuts;
• Tube with a diameter of Ø14 – 6 identical pieces of 20 cm;
• Large and small sprockets and chain;
• Hubs for attaching the drum to the shaft and for attaching the shaft to the frame;
• Lever for manual drive, gasoline or electric motor, powered by ~220 V mains or car battery;
• A cable of the required length with a carabiner at the end;
• Welding machine and electrodes;
• Grinder with cutting and grinding disc;
• Paint and primer for metal;

Set of wrenches.

Winch manufacturing technology:

1. According to the drawing, a 20x20 mm rectangular pipe for the frame is cut with a grinder. All connections made perpendicularly are obtained by cutting the workpieces at an angle of 45 degrees.

   

2. Lay out the workpieces on a flat surface. The winch frame is welded using a spot welding machine at the junction of the workpieces. Check the perpendicularity of the corners and the consistency of the dimensions, after which the seams are completely welded. Weld the platform from sheet metal with longitudinal grooves for mounting the drive motor. Remove scale and burrs with an angle grinder grinding wheel.

   

3. Sand the frame, cover it with a metal primer, and after drying, paint or enamel in two layers.

   

4. Start making the drum. Two circles of the same diameter are cut out of sheet metal - approximately 30 cm. A hole is drilled in the center of each circle according to the diameter of the shaft, and six holes are also made at a distance of 7-8 cm from the center. Drill holes for fastening the hubs - 4 on each disk. The hubs are secured to a bolted connection. The drum disks are fastened with studs: each stud is secured in one disk, a Ø14 tube is put on it, after which a second disk is put on the studs and tightened onto the nuts and locknuts.

   

5. The drum is mounted on a shaft. The shaft can be made from metal pipe suitable diameter or use a ready-made shaft made of high-strength steel from any mechanism. On the shaft with outside a large sprocket is attached to the drum - you can use a sprocket from a motorcycle gearbox, for example. Hubs are installed on the protruding parts of the shaft to secure the drum to the frame.

   

6. Install the drum with the shaft on the frame, securing them with external hubs and bolts. An electric or gasoline engine with a small sprocket rigidly fixed to the output shaft is installed on the platform. Put on the chain and adjust its tension by moving the electric motor along the platform in the rectangular mounting grooves to the optimal position. The chain should not sag, but too much tension is not advisable - wear on the sprockets will increase, and the chain may also break. You can check the chain tension by rotating the drum with your hands - it should not hinder the rotation of the drum when unwinding the cable.

   

7. Wind the cable around the drum, securing its end to the shaft. The second end of the cable is equipped with a durable carabiner. For ease of movement, the winch is mounted on a frame with a wheel pair using a shank.

   

8. The shank on the opposite side is designed for attaching the winch to the car. In this case, it is recommended to close the drum protective casing, preventing dirt and precipitation from getting onto the cable.

   

9. If the drive is planned to be universal, then a handle can be mounted on the outside of the shaft. In this case, in the absence of fuel or electricity, it will be possible to use the winch manually.

The presented winch design is simple and reliable, and although it does not have the ability to switch gear ratios, reverse and other auxiliary functions, it performs the task of moving heavy loads in a horizontal plane perfectly. If it is necessary to lift a load to a greater height, such a winch can be used in combination with a manual hoist or simply by throwing the cable over a strong support.

So in today's lesson we looked at creating manual winch do it yourself, subscribe to our group and stay updated on all the important news!.

A suspended hoist in a garage is used as a lifting device. The equipment helps to move heavy objects and make car repairs more convenient. Armed with the necessary components, you can assemble the hoist with your own hands.

A lifting hoist, also called a hoist, can be manual or electrically driven for automated use. According to technical characteristics, the equipment is a mechanism for lifting and moving various loads, including car parts.

The mobile trolley can be placed in any room, regardless of the available space and ceiling height. Depending on the type of design, the load capacity can reach 10 tons. A standard hoist is capable of lifting loads to a height of up to 12 m. The structure consists of the following elements:

• chain hoist, consisting of several blocks connected to each other;
• cylindrical coaxial gearbox;
• disc braking system;
• output shaft;
• hanger with hook.

Where is it used?

A lifting device is used to move loads of various sizes and weights. These could be objects household appliances, metal constructions and automobile spare parts. In production facilities, equipment is used to lift loads and place them on top shelves.

Manual hoist finds wide application during repair and construction work when there is a need to lift tools and heavy materials.

Varieties of hoist designs

There are several types of design that differ in installation method, design features, control option and others. technical characteristics. Choosing suitable option equipment for the garage, it is necessary to take into account the individual needs and parameters of the room.

Manually driven

Hand hoists are used to lift objects to low heights. The lifting capacity of manually operated equipment varies from 1 to 8 tons. The traction force on the lifting mechanism is 30-65 kgf, which provides a speed of 0.3 to 0.1 m/min. The weight of the structure depends on the material and additional components and ranges from 50 to 400 kg.

Gear manual

Chain hoists with a gear mechanism are used to perform installation work within a garage or in an open space. The equipment is controlled at the load securing point. Gear models are equipped with a hanging hook and are easy to install and operate. Design features gear hoists allow them to be used as independent equipment or as a lifting element for cranes.

Lever

The manually operated lever hoist is equipped with a hanging hook and can be secured to support beams or wire rope. Manual principle operation ensures independence from the presence of electricity. The design provides a locking mechanism for fixing objects in a suspended state.

Worm

Worm hoists, by analogy with other varieties, are used to lift and lower loads. When picking additional elements worm hoists can move objects along an I-beam monorail track. You can hang a stationary hoist on a hook manually or make a complete version connected to a mobile trolley.

How to make a homemade manual hoist: step-by-step instructions

Making it yourself manual hoist, just follow step by step instructions. Equipment can be crafted by following these steps:

1. Weld the faucet legs to the I-pipe.
2. Position the metal corners at 45 degrees to create stiffening ribs that secure the rack. The bulk of the load being lifted falls on this rack, so for additional reliability, spacers need to be welded to it.
3. If the hoist is mobile, rollers must be welded on each stand.
4. Fix a pipe on the garage ceiling along which it will move lifting mechanism.
5. Weld an I-beam in the center of the pipe to secure the roller mechanism.
6. Insert the frame crossbar into the pipe.
7. Drill through holes on both sides of the holder and fix the lifting mechanism.

Tools and materials

To build a hoist, you must first prepare a set of tools and components. In particular, to create a hoist you will need:

• an I-beam with a length of about 4-4.5 m (the exact length depends on the height of the ceiling in the garage);
• square pipe with dimensions 10x10 cm, 2 pipes with a diameter of 10-12 cm and a length of 2.5 m;
• Bulgarian;
• metal corners 10x10 cm;
• M16 bolts with nuts;
• lifting mechanism.

If you plan to install a mobile hoist, you will additionally need to use 4 rollers. The components are used to move the trolley.

Mounting nodes

One of important stages construction of a mobile structure is the installation of components. First, you need to drill holes in the racks through which a rod with threads at the ends will be pulled. Washers are attached to the base of the rod and nuts are screwed on to limit the divergence of the posts. Then a chain is fixed on each side in the middle of the pole.

In order for the winch to move freely, there should be some slack in the chain. A block with a cable is installed on the chain, running along the middle pillar and fixed from the bottom.

Activation and performance testing

Before each start-up and operation of the hoist, it is recommended to check the functionality of the main elements. The following components are subject to inspection:

1. Chain. Since the chain is responsible for holding the object at a height, it is important to check the load capacity. Periodic maintenance involves cleaning the chain from dirt and lubricating it with grease or similar materials.
Share link:

A movable and simpler stationary crane beam in the garage with your own hands is quite doable if you have it welding machine and two days of free time. For a professional auto repair shop, it is easier to buy ready-made lifting equipment.

If the need for a crane is rare, then it is cheaper to make a simple and reliable lift yourself. Such a homemade crane can easily lift a weight of up to 800 kg, and this is for repair work It's enough in the garage.

In order to make a frame for a small beam crane in a standard garage with your own hands, you will need the following materials:

• I-beam (4 - 4.5 meters) - the required footage depends on the height of the garage;
• pipe (diameter 10-12 cm), length 2.4 meters - 2 pieces;
• one square pipe (10x10 cm);
• corners (10x10);
• manual hoist and hoist;
• bolts (M16) with nuts.

If you are planning to build mobile crane, then you need four more rollers and a hoist.

The procedure for making a crane frame with your own hands:

• We weld the legs of the crane - you need to weld the corners on both sides to the I-beam pipe;
• The location of the corner is at an angle of 45 degrees. The result is a kind of stiffening ribs that will firmly fix the stand, which bears the bulk of the weight of the load carried by the crane;
• We weld two triangles and spacers on each crane post.

• if the crane is a mobile beam, then on both sides from the bottom, on each stand, a roller must be welded horizontally - ordinary rollers are suitable for metal containers, furniture will not withstand the weight;
• At the top, we fix a pipe as a crossbar along which the lifting mechanism will move;
• We weld an I-beam in the center of the pipe to secure the roller along which it will move. steel rope crane lifting mechanism.

• above I-beam We weld a piece of a square pipe (to give rigidity to the frame) - 40 cm. The pipe should protrude on both sides by at least 20 cm. It turns out that the side post is located in the middle of the crossbar stiffening pipe;
• V square pipe insert the transverse pipe of the frame crossbar;
• We drill through holes for fastening bolts on both sides of the square holder and in the crossbar pipe itself - we need rigid, reliable fixation on both sides of the vertical post.

The result is a U-shaped structure of the crane frame, which is installed on rigid legs with spacers, and a crossbar pipe is rigidly bolted to the top.

Installation of lifting mechanism - manual or automatic

To mechanically lift loads onto the frame, you need to install a manual hoist - a worm winch and a cable. How to attach the hoist to the frame:

• on the side of the rack we install a manual worm winch (load capacity 800 kg, no less);
• The steel cable moves along rollers.

This mechanism makes it easy to lift the engine or a car behind the hood on one side.

You can use the lifting mechanism and rollers from the elevator door as a drive. The rollers there are reliable and durable.

An electric lift drive can also be installed on the manufactured base. A 300 - 500 W motor will be quite enough for simple repair work in the garage.

Such cranes are often used for the repair and reconstruction of old wooden houses. The construction of a log house will go faster if the logs are laid using a mobile homemade crane. In this case, the width of the frame is the length of the logs.

You can also make a simpler lift for the engine, on one support, watch the video.