How to properly ventilate a cellar: rules, methods, standards. A competent ventilation system in the basement of a private house. Is ventilation necessary in the cellar?

Most private houses are equipped with basements, which provide storage of agricultural products and home preservation. Home workshops are organized in the cellars, GYM's, warehouses or game rooms. Regardless of the functional purpose of the room located below the zero mark, it is important to ensure the supply of fresh air Into the basement. This will create favorable humidity and temperature conditions in the room, preventing the appearance of dampness, which reduces the shelf life of household supplies and gradually destroys the foundation of the building. Let us dwell in detail on the issues of creating reliable ventilation basement, calculation methods and installation features.

Why is a basement ventilation system necessary?

Many, unfortunately, mistakenly underestimate the need for ventilation of the basement, which is not only a room used for storing food, but also the foundation of a building that can bear increased loads.

In a basement with good ventilation there are no problems with storing food

Neglect of ventilation issues and lack of normal air exchange do not create favorable conditions for storing agricultural products, reduce strength building structures. In conditions high humidity mold and mildew develop in the basement.

The result of lack of ventilation is the formation of mold

Equipping the basement with a ventilation system will provide a comfortable microclimate and favorable living conditions in a private home. The design of ventilation communications is carried out at the design stage. Many people paid attention to the supply lines and vents installed in the foundation of the building.

Air enters the basement through inlet pipes and vents covered with grilles

External air enters through these channels in the basement. However, if there are problems with ventilation, air flow can be ensured by proper installation. ventilation devices in an existing premises.

Basement ventilation will relieve homeowners from increased moisture concentrations, prevent the formation of mold, ensure the safety of supplies, and also extend the life of the building, which will retain its attractiveness and warmth for many years.

The ventilation system is a complex of air communications that ensure air circulation, comfortable temperature conditions and normal humidity.

Calculation and device

The installation of ventilation communications is carried out on the basis of the project and preliminary calculations. To ensure air circulation, it is necessary to take a responsible approach to performing calculations.

When selecting the diameter of air lines intended for supplying and discharging air masses, be guided by the following rule: 25 sq. cm of air line are capable of providing air exchange in a cellar room over an area of ​​1 sq. meter.

For example, for ventilation of a basement area of ​​12 square meters. meters, it is necessary to use an air line with a diameter of 300 square meters. see. Knowing the formula for determining the area of ​​a circle S = πR², it is easy to calculate the radius ventilation duct. For the case under consideration, the value is 9.8 cm. By rounding the value, we obtain a pipeline diameter of 20 cm. In the case of using pipes with a rectangular cross-section, be guided by the area value obtained by calculation. The proposed calculation method allows us to approximately determine the dimensions of air ducts without taking into account the circulation intensity.

To effectively ventilate the basement, the air in the room must be replaced with fresh air masses at least 2 times per hour. Performance selection compulsory system ventilation is carried out by multiplying the volume of the basement by the coefficient of air renewal in the room.

Let's determine the volume of renewed air for a basement with an area of ​​50 square meters. meters and a height of 2 meters. Multiplying the area of ​​the basement by the height, we get the volume. Its size will be 100 cubic meters. meters. If it is necessary to replace air twice per hour, you should multiply the volume of the room by the multiplicity factor. We get: 100x2=200 cubic meters. meters per hour. The resulting value corresponds to the required forced air supply performance.

Ventilation networks, depending on the type of air exchange system, may consist of metal or plastic pipes, as well as fans.

The use of standard plastic elements avoids corrosion and reduces the cost of ventilation installations

To ensure air flow to the basement of the building, the following types of ventilation are used:

On your own, at low cost, it is not difficult to install a system of elementary natural circulation, as well as a forced air exchange system.

Features of natural air circulation

The natural flow of air into the basement occurs due to the difference in internal and external temperatures, which causes air to move through the pipes. Thanks to this simple property, fresh air from the street enters the basement through the supply line and displaces musty and stale air through the exhaust air duct. wet air from the premises.

To ensure traction, the maximum difference between the lines should be ensured

The positive aspects of the natural circulation system are the low installation costs and simplicity of the design.

The main elements of the natural circulation system are:

Despite the simplicity of the system, the main disadvantages are the poor efficiency of air mass circulation and the dependence of thrust on natural factors(air pressure and wind speed), affecting the efficiency of air exchange.

The classic option of creating a natural circulation circuit is provided at the design stage. Based on the calculation results, the throughput of the highways is determined, taking into account the volume of the basement. Organization supply and exhaust ventilation

does not require special engineering knowledge. The main thing is to ensure that the lines are located in the opposite direction and to correctly mark the lines corresponding to the diameter. The exhaust duct should be located in the ceiling of the room with an elevation of the main line of at least 0.6 meters relative to the top point of the building. The supply line entering the basement is introduced from the opposite zone of the room at a distance of 0.2–0.4 m from the base. Optimal conditions

for natural air exchange, the use of pipelines with a diameter of 12–15 cm is ensured.

Design of a forced air exchange system

The operation of a forced ventilation system is based on the movement of air masses using fans.

1. The forced feeding device can be equipped with filter elements, heating and temperature control devices, depending on the level of equipment of the system and customer requirements.
2. The main elements of the forced ventilation system:
3. Support device comfortable temperature, intended for conditioning the basement room.
4. Ventilation channels that carry out the air exchange process.
5. Air intakes necessary to ensure air circulation.
6. Diffusers that combine air lines of various sections.
7. Tees used when it is necessary to combine air flows.

The forced ventilation system has the following advantages:

• opportunity battery life, regardless of natural factors;
• the presence of automation that regulates air flow and temperature conditions;
• Possibility of installation in larger areas.

The increased costs associated with the purchase of equipment and installation, as well as the complexity of installation operations, make it difficult for the mass use of forced air supply devices.

Install forced ventilation equipment according to a previously developed diagram. Be sure to perform a calculation that determines the intensity of air exchange and the cyclic operation of the system.

When equipping a basement room with a forced ventilation device, take into account a set of factors related to operating features, degree of automation, room area and equipment layout.

A fan installed on the exhaust pipe increases the air exchange rate

Having studied the literature, based on the recommendations of experts, it is easy to independently develop a layout diagram and perform calculations. This will allow you to save financial resources and independently, in more detail, study design features forced ventilation.

DIY ventilation installation

Independently performing work on installing air circulation equipment in the basement requires detailed familiarization with the features of the equipment and the principles of ventilation.

Depending on the size of the basement, install a specific air circulation system:

1. Install natural ventilation when the basement area is less than 50 square meters.
2. Install forced ventilation when the basement area is increased.

The installation of ventilation equipment in a constructed building can be done on your own. You will need a hammer drill, grinder and drill to make holes and form channels in the base of the building, walls, plinth and ceiling. Let us dwell in detail on the stages of implementation of measures for the installation of ventilation communications.

Stages of installation work

At small area In the basement, to ensure air exchange, make small channels (vents) in the basement of the buildings, located on opposite walls.

Ventilation of small basements is carried out through channels at the base of the building

Install bars to prevent rodents from entering the basement.

Installing a grill will reliably protect the basement from rats and mice

Install dampers inside the basement on the openings designed to regulate the volume of incoming air.

The natural air exchange system does not require the use of special devices. Air masses enter the basement of a private house through the supply line and exit through the tension channel. Important condition- location of air ducts in opposite zones of the basement.

Ventilators do not always provide the desired efficiency of air exchange. In this case, we recommend installing supply and exhaust ventilation.

Supply and exhaust ventilation consists of two air lines

Carry out installation in the following way:

1. Prepare metal or plastic pipes for the supply main and exhaust duct 10–15 cm in diameter.

   

   Using standard elements will speed up installation

2. Mark opposite sections of the basement where you need to make holes for supplying air ducts.
3. Drill holes in the basement and ceiling that correspond to the size of the air lines.

   

   Using a special tool makes the job easier

4. Install the supply pipe, ensuring that the outer part is located at a distance of 1 meter from the zero mark, and the inner part is located at a level of 0.2–0.5 m from the floor.

   

   The supply channel ensures the flow of air

5. Insert an exhaust pipe into the ceiling hole, which should exit through a hole in the roof of the building.
6. Fix the exhaust line, ensuring the distance above the ridge of the building is more than 50 cm, necessary to ensure draft.
7. Insulate the surfaces of the exhaust pipe extending outside the building and located in the attic.

   

8. Install protective grilles on the supply ducts.

Installation in the output line of a small axial fan, designed to function in exhaust mode, will increase the intensity of air circulation, providing forced ventilation.

Use clamps to secure the pipes and securely fasten the system elements during installation.

Effective operation of the supply and exhaust system is guaranteed with a basement area of ​​20–40 square meters. m. For larger rooms, installation of a forced air exchange unit will be required. Installation of complex ventilation systems equipped with air conditioning and control devices temperature regime We recommend entrusting this to professionals.

Equipment installation video

The presented video will provide additional information about installing ventilation system elements.

Checking the functionality of ventilation

Checking the efficiency of the ventilation system does not require special training.

Flame deflection indicates normal draft

To determine the quality of air exchange, light a match or lighter and bring it to the exhaust line. If the combustion stops, it means the concentration has increased carbon dioxide in the basement.

The problem is solved by increasing the cross-sectional area of ​​the supply main. The reduced diameter of the inlet channel makes it difficult for air masses to enter. To regulate the intensity of air exchange, equip the pipes with a damper that allows you to regulate the air supply speed.

After making sure that the ventilation is working, use the dampers to adjust the cross-section of the channels, ensuring optimal air exchange.

Video: how to make basement ventilation with your own hands

The video shows a simple DIY version of natural cellar ventilation.

It is not difficult to ensure effective ventilation of the basement on your own. It is important to think carefully technical features ventilation systems and, with a little construction skills, reliably install the elements. Self-installation air exchange devices will provide comfortable humidity air into the basement, and also save financial resources. Having developed clear plan action, start equipping the basement of a private house with a ventilation device.

Basement ventilation, like ventilation of any living space, is necessary to ensure that exhaust air is replaced with fresh air. Thanks to organized air exchange, the cellar or basement becomes suitable for use as a pantry, storage for vegetables or fruits.

If you take the improvement of the basement more seriously, then in this area you can place a swimming pool, garage or home gym. However, basement ventilation in a private house has its own characteristics. We will talk about them in more detail in our article. We will analyze the rules for arranging ventilation in the basement with natural air exchange, as well as in the case of using forced ventilation.

There are many reasons to install a complete, properly functioning basement ventilation system. They concern both the preservation of the building structure and the provision of a favorable atmosphere for living.

Stagnation of air masses and lack of ventilation lead to the fact that fungus and mold affect all objects in the room - from things and products to walls and foundations.

Fresh agricultural products stored in the cellar require special conditions. In addition to a certain temperature and humidity, air change is also important to prevent the appearance of rot or mold.

To create a comfortable microclimate in the cottage, it is important that both the attic and all other technical and living spaces are equipped with a ventilation system. Therefore, methods for its construction are thought out during planning, when a house project is being drawn up.

Among the most rational techniques is the arrangement of supply and exhaust ducts, as well as openings in the walls, providing a natural change of air.

Basements in a private house can be used for a wide variety of needs. As a rule, they house workshops, gyms, and saunas. And in some cases the basement is used as a cellar. Regardless of its purpose, good air circulation should be ensured in it. Ventilation of the basement of a private house can be done independently or by the hands of professionals.

Everything will depend on the complexity of the design and the size of the room, as well as the results that the owner of the house wants to achieve.

Without constant air circulation and elimination of excess moisture, fungus and mold will form on the walls of the basement. To prevent this from happening, it is necessary to organize effective ventilation in a private house.

Types of air exchange systems

Ventilation in the basement can be forced or natural. If the ventilation in the basement or cellar is natural, then the air will independently enter the basement through pipes and then be discharged in accordance with the laws of physics. In other words, natural circulation will occur without the use of any special devices. In a wooden private house small sizes This type of ventilation seems to be the most appropriate. In this case, the hood will be sufficient.

Exhaust air ducts under the ceiling.

Forced ventilation speaks for itself - air will circulate in the room using special fans. They will pump fresh air into the basement and also remove stagnant air after some time. Such ventilation will ideal solution for organizing air exchange in any cellar.

Of course, here we can also consider modern systems ventilation, which will not only be responsible for the inflow and outflow of air, but also for heating and cooling it if necessary, as well as for the level of humidity and temperature. Such ventilation systems are very complex, because their operation must use filters, split systems and other devices that can rarely be found in a wooden private house.

Simple natural or forced ventilation can be installed with your own hands. In this case, the hood will be quite sufficient and inexpensive.

DIY ventilation

The simplest approach to organizing air exchange in a room is to punch special holes in the basement through which the basement will be saturated with oxygen. In the cellar of a private house, completely buried in the ground, it is difficult to make such holes, therefore this decision relevant only for semi-buried basements. The holes should be located at opposite ends of the room. Their size must be sufficient to ensure effective ventilation. It is recommended to protect the openings with nets from insects and rodents.

Ventilation windows (closed with bars).

Without a doubt, this simple ventilation much better than not having it at all. But its effectiveness is low. More effective solution– installation of a ventilation system consisting of two pipes.

What is required to create such ventilation in a private house?

• 2 pipes, the diameter of which can vary from 8 to 15 cm.
• Metal protective grilles and canopies.
• Thermal insulation material.

Natural ventilation device

The supply pipe in our system will be responsible for supplying clean air to the basement. The lower end of the supply pipe must be installed at a height of 20-40 cm from the basement floor, and the upper part must be brought out through the base to the street and placed at a level of 40-60 cm from the ground. In most cases, the street end of the pipe is covered with a grill. If desired, the protruding pipe can be made inconspicuous.

The principle of natural air exchange in the room.

The lower part of the exhaust pipe should be located just below the ceiling of the basement. If food is stored in the basement or cellar of a private house, then it is best to install the pipe directly above the place where they are placed. Upper part the exhaust pipe must be led through all constructed ceilings to the street. Its end must be placed at a distance of 30-60 cm from the roof, which will not allow water or snow to get inside the pipe.

It must be taken into account that condensation will certainly form in the pipes, and to prevent moisture from getting onto the basement floor, you can install a special container in the cellar that will collect all the water.

Pipes for the ventilation device can be made of any material. In most cases, they use PVC pipes or asbestos-cement pipes, which are the most effective and durable.

Natural supply and exhaust ventilation does not imply any additional devices. The air will enter the basement of a private house through the supply pipe, and then exit through the exhaust pipe. It is important to install pipes at opposite ends of the basement so that there is no situation where fresh air, after entering, immediately goes outside.

A system of this type will be relevant for basements whose area does not exceed 30-40 sq.m. If the basement has a large area, then the efficiency of natural supply and exhaust ventilation is significantly reduced. For areas such as basements apartment building or a large private cottage, it is best to consider the option of a forced ventilation device.

Forced ventilation device

The design of the forced air exchange system is similar to that described in the section on natural ventilation. The only difference is that duct fans are installed inside the supply and exhaust pipes.

A fan located in the supply pipe will supply air to the basement. A fan located in the exhaust pipe, on the contrary, will remove stagnant air outside. It is important that the fans operate simultaneously and not alternately.

It is best to consult with specialists regarding the power of fans. Before purchasing, it is recommended to calculate the area of ​​your basement, as well as its approximate volume, so that the sales consultant can select the most suitable device for creating effective forced ventilation.

The fan is installed inside the pipe and securely fixed there. That is why you also need to know the diameter ventilation pipes to easily select fan sizes.

Installing the fan is not difficult. Modern manufacturers have simplified the installation of their devices as much as possible: fans are produced in special casings, have reliable fastenings, and the kit includes brackets and all the necessary parts.

You can find a wide variety of fans on the market. And all options vary in price. Some fans are equipped with a timer, so the user can set a certain time when they turn on and off, which is very convenient if you do not live in a private house permanently.

The comfort of staying in the room located above largely depends on how well the ventilation system for the cellar under the house is made.

Complex ventilation systems

If you have a big a private house, in which you have made a modern insulated basement, it is recommended that you do not rely on your own efforts to install a ventilation system, but resort to the help of professionals. The question becomes especially relevant if ground floor living quarters were located. In this case, the ventilation system must have air conditioners that will heat or cool the supply air. In addition, it is recommended to install special filters that clean the incoming air. Humidification systems are also very popular.

Installation complex systems Air conditioning and ventilation are best left to professionals.

Such a ventilation system has many advantages, but only two disadvantages: high cost and complexity of installation. Before installing a ventilation system, you need to carefully calculate everything and decide whether it is really needed, or whether you can get by with more simple solutions. It is worth noting that the installation of a ventilation system for a large basement should be provided for at the stage of building a house, because this will be much more difficult to do in an already erected building.

It is also recommended to pay special attention to waterproofing the basement. None, even extremely effective and powerful ventilation system, will not cope with its tasks if the basement of a private or apartment building is constantly damp.

The basement is a place that owners use in different ways: in some it is used as a room for storing vegetables, food, and preparations, in others it is a structure for growing mushrooms and plants, and in others they simply store unnecessary things there. But if the ventilation in the basement is poor, then storing food products there will be dangerous, moreover, they will quickly deteriorate, and living plants will not be able to develop there at all. Therefore, it is so important to establish high-quality air exchange in an underground room, which, by the way, can be done even by craftsmen who do not have practical skills in this matter.

A good ventilation system is one that provides a continuous cycle of air circulation, so before you approach its planning and installation, you need to familiarize yourself with some recommendations from experienced practitioners that will allow you to do high-quality ventilation in the basement with your own hands.

1. Include ventilation equipment in the design before construction begins.

2. When choosing pipes, pay attention to their diameter; they all must match so that the inflow and outlet are uniform. For rooms with high humidity, buy material with wider holes to speed up the natural circulation process. Remember that the basement in which vegetables, fruits and preparations are stored will be negatively affected by the choice of pipes with different diameters, especially if the exhaust part will already be a supply one.

3. Do not place ventilation holes next to each other, this will not allow the structure to be properly ventilated. Their optimal placement would be opposite corners or walls of the room. Clean air must not only enter the interior of the underground room, it must completely pass through it and displace stagnant air.

4. For the ventilation system in small buildings, ordinary plastic ones are suitable, sewer pipes. Reliable and absolutely budget option.

5. B summer period insulation materials from hatches and air ducts must be removed.

6. Do not forget about installing dampers, without them the ventilation process will be disrupted and, if necessary, it will be impossible to adjust it, especially when it comes to the transition from winter to summer and vice versa.

7. Equip the basement with two doors, one solid, the other lattice. This is necessary to maintain the optimal temperature inside the structure.

8. When installing supply pipes, avoid bends, which will cause contamination and disrupt air circulation.

Taking these requirements into account, owners can avoid global problems that negatively affect the functionality of basement ventilation.

Purpose of ventilation in the garage basement

There are many factors that appear when the basement ventilation system is improperly organized or absent. This also applies to garages, under which there are underground buildings. So, let's highlight several reasons that will explain why air exchange is so important in such structures. Firstly, in winter period The effect of condensation is actively manifested due to the heating of the air, which rises to the top and provokes the appearance of high humidity in the garage, where automobiles and other equipment are usually located. This is fraught with the rapid formation of rust, the appearance of mold and rot on the walls, etc.

Secondly, the appearance of condensation has a detrimental effect on vegetables and fruits, as well as on products made from them, which are so often stored in the garage. Their preservation is facilitated by the optimal microclimate of the room, which is practically impossible to create under the influence of condensation without ventilation.

Thirdly, a garage is a place where you work with oil, gasoline and other substances that evaporate when temperatures rise and negatively affect the human body. All exhaust gases, etc. fuel vapor can only be provided with correct installation and organization of air flows. This is why it is so important to install a good ventilation system in the garage and basement below it to ensure a constant flow of air in and out.

How to make ventilation in the garage basement. Which ventilation system should you choose?

Without quality ventilation, the basement will soon become damp, mold and mildew will grow on the walls, and then it will have to be completely rebuilt. So that these Negative consequences were not implemented, at the stage of garage construction, special attention should be paid to air exchange in the underground room, taking into account all standards and norms when organizing ventilation, which can be either natural or forced. Rarely found combined options. Read more about these varieties in the table.

Let's consider the simplest option for organizing natural ventilation in the garage basement. It can be put into operation using two methods: the first is to bring the pipe out through the floor, ceiling and roof of the building; the second involves outputting the system through the wall of the basement, while Bottom part the air outlet pipe is located horizontally, and then rises vertically separately from the garage building.

According to practitioners, any pipe with an average diameter can be used for this purpose, the main thing is not to miscalculate its length, because ready-made version the air duct should be half a meter - a meter higher than the highest point of the garage roof. In addition, in order to ensure high-quality ventilation, the owner should know that the length of the exhaust pipe should vary at the three-meter mark; this will be enough for high-quality outflow and inflow of fresh air. To increase the intensity of natural ventilation, practitioners recommend installing a special deflector, an aerodynamic device that creates a rarefaction of flow and protects the basement from the penetration of dust and various precipitation.

How to make natural ventilation in the basement. What nuances need to be taken into account during the installation process?

Of course, the ventilation system should be planned directly during the construction of the basement, but there are cases when its arrangement is already carried out finished design. In the first case, builders have the opportunity to hide the exhaust air duct in the ground, and leave an opening in the brick for the pipe itself. If this did not work out initially, then a hole is made in the basement ceiling into which the hood is inserted. It is very important that it is securely fastened both outside and inside the base. If the basement is located under a residential, private house, then the pipe outlet is organized at a level with the general ventilation passage of the building.

Second hole for supply air must be located on the other side of the basement, under a residential building; according to the rules, the exit is on the outside of the building, while the pipe itself inside the underground room is located in the floor area, at a distance of 30-50 centimeters from the base. In order to maintain an optimal microclimate in the basement and, if necessary, control it, special holes are made in the air duct for dampers.

In addition, in winter, due to the accumulated condensate, frost appears in the pipe, so it needs to be insulated. For this purpose, a variety of fabrics are used, thermal insulation materials of different nature, etc. According to, sanitary standards, the holes made must be equipped with grilles, this is necessary to protect against rodents and birds. To check the functionality of the constructed natural ventilation, you need to prepare a sheet of paper and bring it to the air duct. If it starts to move, then the system is fully functioning.

Whatever the basement, it needs to be checked regularly and the humidity in the room monitored. This is especially true for small structures. The owner is required to provide regular ventilation, and also better installation lattice door. According to experts, it is best to place a container with salt or lime in the basement; these materials absorb moisture well and disinfect the space.

How to make ventilation in the basement of a house. Features of installing forced ventilation with your own hands

Many experts write about how to install forced ventilation in a basement room, and everyone insists on its implementation at the initial stage of construction in order to get rid of extra cash costs. Hot, windless weather, and even the nights do not foretell a cold snap - this is a direct indication that the basement should not be dominated by natural, but forced ventilation, which can be organized with your own hands based on several previously proven methods. The design of this device is based on the mechanical supply of street air, which, before entering the underground room, is processed by filters and receives an optimal temperature regime. Simultaneously with this process, the air that is inside is drawn out through the outlet channel to the street, which means that the circulation does not stop for a moment.

To install a forced ventilation system, the owner needs to spend a considerable budget on the purchase of materials such as:

• diffusers;
• air intakes;
• superchargers;
• ventilation ducts, etc.

It is worth noting that installation will not take as much time as it seems, but you should be especially careful about the level of humidity in the basement, and therefore when working with parts that operate on electricity. For reliability, it is better to contact familiar electricians to install fuses in order to neutralize possible short circuits or breakdowns on the housing.

So, for a medium-sized basement, as a rule, one fan is purchased; for large buildings, two will be needed. According to the layout, one of the devices is installed in place of the exhaust duct, on the internal clearance, as this will enhance the exhaust. All ventilation equipment starts working after switching on; special switches or levers are provided for this. When the equipment is in operating mode, the air begins to escape, and its deficiency is compensated by the supply channel. In larger rooms, a larger volume of air is required, so a second fan is installed, with the help of which the inflow and outflow are balanced. For more detailed information on how to make ventilation, watch the video:

Smirnov Pavel Petrovich

Experienced specialist in ventilation and air conditioning systems. He has been working in this field for more than 15 years.

Articles written

Most modern garages are equipped with cellars, where it is customary to store various products, vegetables, pickles, etc. If the basement is not arranged correctly, the food will quickly deteriorate, which is why it is necessary quality system ventilation in the garage cellar.

When the hood in the cellar does not provide adequate air exchange, the walls begin to become damp, mold and cracks appear. To avoid such problems, you cannot save on organizing cellar ventilation during the construction process.

Knowing what kind of hood should be in the cellar, you can achieve a good microclimate. In addition, you should adhere to the recommendations of specialists, and also observe simple rules: achieve the most suitable temperature regime (+5), build good shade, improve air circulation, do not exceed the humidity level above 90%.

How to properly ventilate a cellar

To properly make a hood with your own hands, it is recommended to use clear drawings and diagrams; this will help prevent the formation of condensation and save the crop from damage. Thanks to a great assortment building materials, it is possible to make cellar ventilation in the garage with your own hands.

When there is a cellar under the garage, but there is no ventilation, the products will be adversely affected by various poisons and toxins released by the car. Flow-exhaust ventilation will help solve this problem. This type of air exchange is possible even naturally or through fans. As for the top of the pipe, it is installed above the garage.

Accurate, correct scheme hoods will help eliminate the problem in the most short time. If you install a supply pipe, it is possible for purified air to pass into the basement. The role of a pipe with an exhaust function in a garage with a cellar is to eliminate excessive humidity, toxic substances. Optimal output – good combination exhaust, supply system, which can be done in two ways:

1. Natural air exchange. This option is the most popular and widespread; you will need to install two pipes - supply and exhaust. The device functions perfectly, because the temperature in the basement and outside is significantly different. The main disadvantage is that during the warm season the hood does not function. As for winter, it will have to be warmed up additionally.
2. Forced ventilation in the cellar. The proposed system is the most the best option of all that exist. Thanks to this ventilation, it is possible to achieve an optimal microclimate, which is similar to the outdoor one. Helps ensure ideal air exchange, as various units and fans are used.

The arrangement of forced ventilation is carried out using electric ones that are added to the system. Making such a system with your own hands is very simple. The main advantage is the stabilization of temperature and humidity levels, regardless of the weather and season.

The design of the proposed device is almost no different from natural ventilation. The algorithm of actions is simple: fastening the pipes, installing the fan in the exhaust pipe. Instead of a fan, you can use a rotating diffuser-weather vane; it is installed on the top of the supply pipe and functions from the wind. Provide good ventilation A deflector will help, which improves air exchange and thins the air.

There is another method - installing a heating lamp in the exhaust pipe, which will warm the air.

The best and most advanced option is mechanical forced ventilation using a special monoblock. It installs software that controls modular system. The main problem and disadvantage is the high cost.

To effectively use the garage cellar, it is important to ensure proper, complete ventilation. To create natural ventilation, you can install the system yourself using plastic sewer pipes. While working, you should follow some rules and tips:

• the ventilation circuit must contain a limited number of bends and turns of pipes;
• you need to insulate the exhaust pipe, otherwise condensation will appear;
• close the entrance to the pipe with a cap to prevent precipitation from entering;
• the entire length of the pipe must have the same diameter.

To arrange natural ventilation, you should calculate the area of ​​all openings. The beginning of the supply pipe at 50 cm above the basement floor, it is taken outside. As for the exhaust, it is fixed under the ceiling and pulled over the roof of the garage. It is important that the pipes are in opposite corners of the room.

Having completed all the calculations and determined the diameter cross-section, it is necessary to decide on the material of the pipes for the ventilation system. It is customary to use two main types, namely asbestos cement and low pressure polyethylene. Pipes made from asbestos cement have a structure similar to slate, which is why they are usually called slate. Such raw materials are considered durable, strong and reliable.

Polyethylene pipes are absolutely not inferior in strength, but not much more easier way installation, you don’t have to use the services of professionals. The main condition is that they need to be soldered.

Ventilation in a cellar with two pipes

To do ventilation correctly, it is advisable to familiarize yourself with the nuances and subtleties of construction and design work:

• The ideal option is to install ventilation during the construction stage.
• Pipes for air circulation must be of the same diameter. You cannot make more inflow than exhaust, otherwise all the products in the cellar will be spoiled.
• It is forbidden to place pipes close to each other, otherwise the cellar will not be fully ventilated. Experts advise mounting them in opposite corners, this will give the stagnant air a boost.
• The hood is mounted near the ceiling, since warm air go up. This will allow you to constantly clean the air, avoid stagnation, providing an optimal microclimate.
• The hood hole must be located one and a half meters above the roof, so you need to take into account the length of the pipe.
• Most often the system is made of plastic.
• The exhaust system will pass through a special hatch.
• If the ventilation is intended for the cellar, which is located under the house, you need to properly insulate the doors.
• The external supply pipe is equipped with a grill to protect it from insects, dust, rodents, and dirt.

The edges of ventilation with two pipes should be at different levels. The top of one pipe is placed near the ceiling, and the bottom should be lowered to the floor. Taking into account temperature changes, pressure changes at the outlet and inlet of the pipe, active air circulation occurs.

Advice! It is best to use pipes made from asbestos concrete. Choose a cross-section of at least 15 mm, which is quite reliable and durable. To enhance the efficiency of air exchange, the pipes are equipped with a deflector, and this ensures air rarefaction and increased draft.

Checking the ventilation of the cellar should begin with a simple experiment: it is important to provoke air circulation by creating different temperatures inside and on the surface.

Hood in the cellar with one pipe

To keep the basement ventilated and dry, even one pipe is enough. Any gaps will play a positive role.

The only thing worth paying attention to is that the diameter of the air duct tube must be no more than fifteen centimeters. If it is not possible to establish air circulation, it is recommended to organize the process using mechanical awakening. Everything is extremely simple: install a fan in the exhaust pipe.

The main component of an excellent microclimate in the cellar is air humidity, which can be adjusted using a fan. It is important to note that too high level humidity impairs the quality of ventilation. This is the case if the basement is broken into groundwater what happens in the spring when the snow melts. During this period, the cellar becomes damp, and the ventilation system is not able to cope with such serious loads.

You can solve the problem as follows: take a tin, it should be one and a half millimeters larger than the pipe hole.
Drill the side at the bottom, carefully cut a hole, and attach a screw below so that the nut and thread remain on the outside. It turns out to be a balancing homemade system, capable of upholstering a level position for the wind catcher. In the side of the can, namely opposite the hole, a trapezoidal tail should be mounted so that it functions as a weather vane, namely, it turns the device towards the wind and catches air currents.

Install the wind-catching system on the tube: install the threaded axle and secure it with a bracket. Drill the bottom in the center, pull the bolt from the inside and screw in the threaded axle. Complete the installation process by balancing. Using such a device, ventilation can be significantly improved. The operating principle of the cunning device is incredibly simple. The system is rotated by a weather vane so that the side hole is directed against air flow. Thanks to this scheme, fresh air can easily penetrate the pipe and enter the basement.

To summarize, it can be noted that well-equipped ventilation shows its priorities within a few weeks. The air in the cellar will be purified, slightly humidified, and the food will not freeze and dry out. As for temperature indicators, they can easily stabilize.