Interesting facts about the plant. Origin and diversity of cultivated plants

Common parsnip, or field parsnip, or field parsnip (Pastinaca sativa) in the wild is widespread in regions with a temperate climate (central Russia, the North Caucasus, Crimea, the Urals, Altai, etc.), but is still rarely found in garden plots. True, today the popularity of parsnips is growing quite actively. In animal husbandry and beekeeping it is used as forage plant and honey plant, and in cooking - as a tasty and healthy vegetable.

A universal favorite among decorative deciduous perennials, the hosta captivates not only with the beauty of its leaves. It is durable and relatively undemanding, in right place growing long years, but it can hardly be called fast-growing. Hosta propagates easily, although to obtain spectacular, highly decorative bushes you will have to be patient. To independently increase your hosta collection, first of all, you need to remember the characteristics of this culture.

Dill spreads well by self-sowing, so many summer residents do not consider it necessary to sow this crop every year on their site. But everyone understands that dill and dill are different. And the greens of carefully grown dill in the garden are, as a rule, superior in taste and aroma to the greens of dill that grows on its own. In this article we will tell you how to have green dill in the beds in sufficient quantities with early spring until late autumn.

Stir-fry with beef, soy noodles, vegetables and Iceberg salad is a recipe for a quick dinner or lunch for a busy person. It takes no more than 15 minutes to prepare, and you can feed it to a couple of hungry mouths that can’t bear to wait for a fancy lunch. Stir-fry is a method of quickly frying vegetables and meat that came to us from the east. Don't be upset if you don't have a wok. kitchen utensils. A regular frying pan with a thick bottom and non-stick coating will also work.

Among plants that boast variegated foliage, alpinia claims to be not only the rarest, but also the most original crop. It simultaneously reminds of bamboos and calathea arrowroots, and sometimes even of vriesea. True, it resembles the latter only in its inflorescences. Luxurious leaves, most often covered with variegated contrasting stripes, look so modern that it is impossible not to admire the beauty of their impeccable patterns and shine.

Vegetarian cabbage rolls made from savoy cabbage with mushrooms - steamed cabbage rolls for dietary, vegetarian and lenten menus. Stuffed cabbage rolls are incredibly tasty, very appetizing, and, if applicable to food, beautiful, unlike their counterparts from white cabbage, stewed in a Dutch oven or fried in a frying pan. Savoy cabbage is tastier than white cabbage, the head is loose, it is easier to separate it into individual leaves. The color of the leaves ranges from soft green to emerald.

IN winter time Every summer resident is looking forward to spring and is happy to open the season with the first plantings of flowers and vegetable crops for seedlings. But, unfortunately, the space on the windowsill is limited, and it is not always possible to place the required number of seedlings in cups in the apartment. In addition, some of the crops may simply not grow, some will die... And for us, summer residents, no matter how much we plant, it’s not enough! Therefore, almost every gardener buys at least some seedlings.

Growing annuals in the garden has at least two advantages over growing perennial flowers. Firstly, most popular annual plants bloom profusely throughout the growing season. Secondly, many annuals sow freely and appear in the garden year after year with minimal participation from the grower. Which annuals can be planted only once, and then, following simple techniques, can be seen in the garden every season?

You can make jellied meat and meat salad with onions from pork knuckle. The shank, especially the hind shank, is a very tasty and affordable part of the pork carcass that can feed a small company. A 2-kilogram shank will yield a bowl of meat salad and a large plate of jellied meat. There will still be some meat broth left over, which I advise you to use to cook cabbage soup or borscht. For this dish, we take a hind shank weighing from 1.7 to 2 kilograms; I advise you to ask the butcher for the meatiest one.

Eggplants require sunny but short days, medium-warm temperatures without sweltering heat, sufficient moisture, but without flooding the root system. Provide such conditions in open ground Most regions of Russia are quite difficult. Therefore, previously eggplants were grown only in protected soil conditions. With the development of selection, it became possible to grow eggplants in open ground not only in southern regions, but also in middle lane.

Among predator plants, the sundew rightly claims to be the brightest and most expressive beauty. This plant attracts, first of all, its unusual textures and play of colors. But the feeding mechanism of this swamp and quite hardy miracle is so exotic that it is very easy to forget about sundews as plants, primarily ornamental ones. Sundews are quite demanding when it comes to humidity, but they are not that difficult to grow in ordinary living spaces.

Chocolate cake with custard made from simple and affordable ingredients turns out to be so delicious that rarely anyone limits themselves to one piece. The sponge cakes are moist and feel like they are made from real dark chocolate, even though the recipe only calls for cocoa powder. Creamy custard delicate and light, goes well with chocolate sponge cake. All this splendor of flavors is complemented by coconut flakes, a simple ingredient, but in this recipe, like a cherry on the cake, it comes in handy.

Although the calendar spring begins in March, it is very difficult to call this month spring. But May is already a real long-awaited spring, filled with aromas and the multicolor of awakened nature. Fresh young leaves on trees and bushes attract the eye, yearning for greenery during the long months of winter. In May, the parade of primroses continues in the garden, decorative shrubs and perennials delight with variegated foliage and flowering, and conifers are renewed.

In the middle zone, the shape of the grapes suggests the possibility of shelter on winter period, which means the guideline should be to keep the head of the bush at soil level. Even further north on big harvest there is no need to count, but for such areas there are also pruning principles. The article discusses the sleeve-fan scheme for forming a grape bush, often used in the middle zone, and the cordon scheme, which has shown itself well in regions with a more severe climate.

Beef with eggplants with vegetable sauce in the oven is a simple, very tasty and not very high-calorie dish, which is quite relevant nowadays. The sauce is made from vegetables only, no flour, sugar, milk or cream. The meat is without fat, and yet it turns out juicy and tender. Can be replaced with chicken fillet or veal. The eggplants do not need to be fried first, just add a little salt to make them soft. I recommend preparing a light yogurt sauce for the finished dish.

Plants surround us everywhere: when we go to work, when we walk with a child, when we go on a trip, and even at home, every person has at least one living flower.
Today we will learn some interesting facts about plants.

1. There are more than 10 thousand on our planet poisonous plants. Humanity has long been trying to use these properties to hunt animals and defend against enemies. IN fiction The poison curare, which was used by the Indians, is often mentioned South America, processing arrowheads with it. It consisted of a mixture of several extracts of chilibuha plants (strychnose, chondodedron). And the natives in Central Africa used poison from the seeds of another poisonous plant - strophanthus. This terrible poison had incredible power and instantly killed the largest animals.

Mostly poisonous plants are found in the area tropical countries. In the forests of the United States, as well as in the Antilles, a real “tree of death” grows - Marcinella. It emits such toxic substances, which are dangerous for humans: if you stand next to this tree for a little while, you can get seriously poisoned.
But many poisonous plants also grow in the temperate zone. The most dangerous are the nightshade family: belladonna, datura, henbane, as well as the umbelliferous family: dog parsley, poisonous weed, spotted hemlock.

2. It turns out that on planet Earth there is an amazing mushroom that tastes like chicken. The gray-yellow tinder fungus grows in clusters, and the width of its cap reaches 40 cm. In some parts of Germany and North America it is considered a delicacy.

3. Surprisingly, the Ceratonia plant always produces extremely identical seeds, which weigh 0.2 g. In ancient times, they were used by jewelers as weights, and now this measure is called a carat.

4. Our planet is full of amazing plants. One of them is the rainbow eucalyptus from the island of Mindanao. It is famous for its extremely beautiful multi-colored bark. The bark of all eucalyptus trees peels off over time in the form of many narrow strips, and new bark appears in place of the old, peeling bark. As it ages, it changes color. The bark is initially bright green or dark green and turns blue, purple, and then pink-orange as it grows and ages. At the end of its existence, the bark acquires a brown-crimson hue.

5. Probably every person in his life has heard about such a long-term and amazing tree, like a baobab. It grows mostly in African savannas. This is the thickest tree on the entire planet Earth. Its average height is about 18-25 m, and the trunk circumference at this height is more than 10 meters. There are even specimens with a circumference of 50 m in circumference! The lifespan of a baobab tree ranges from a thousand years to 5.5 thousand years.

6. Crazy cucumber is a plant belonging to the pumpkin family, which lives on the banks of the Black and Mediterranean seas. It got its name thanks to in an unusual way seed dispersal: a ripe cucumber fruit, even with a light touch, jumps off the stem and a mass of mucus with seeds is thrown out of the hole with force over a huge distance of 12 meters.

7. Bamboo is the fastest growing tree in the nature of our planet. It grows in South and East Asia and increases its height by 0.75-0.9 m/day per day.

8. The oldest plant on Earth is seaweed. They have existed for about 1 thousand million years.

9. The nature of our planet has created many amazing plants. One of them is a miracle tree called rattan palm. Its very thick climbing stems stretch for distances of up to 300 meters.

11. Yareta is an unusual, strange plant that grows in Peru, Chile, Bolivia, and Argentina. You will not find it below 3000-4000 meters above sea level. In appearance, this plant seems huge, but in fact, it is a lot of individual sprouts. Local residents use Yareta as fuel for cooking.

12. Lovelaces of India often use unique tree Keppel. Its fruits are extremely fragrant: once you try them, you begin to smell like violets.

13. Surprisingly, more than 160 thousand pencils can be made from just one tree!

14. On our planet there is a very large carnivorous plant that can digest mice, frogs and even birds. It belongs to the Nepentaceae family and grows in the forests of Asia.

15. Many years ago, Leonardo da Vinci came up with an interesting rule that states that the square of the diameter of the trunk of any tree is equal to the sum of the squares of all the diameters of the branches taken at the same height. Later, scientists confirmed this rule, but with one difference: the degree in this formula is not always equal to two, but fluctuates between 1.8 and 2.3.

16. Found on the water surface of the Amazon extraordinary plant Victoria, belonging to the water lily family. Its leaves reach three meters in diameter, and they can support a weight of 25-30 kg!

18. The famous Pirangi cashew tree is one of the most interesting attractions on planet Earth. It is located on an area of ​​almost 2 hectares near the city of Natal in Brazil. This tree is already 177 years old. It was planted by a fisherman in 1888, who did not know that Pirangi had genetic mutation. Unlike its counterparts, the branches of this tree, when they touch the ground, begin to take root and grow further.

19. The most dangerous stinging plant that can kill even a horse is the New Zealand nettle tree. It injects a mass of strong poisons under the skin of its victim, including formic acid and histamine.

20. In the forests of Brazil there is a tree called the “milk nipple”. If you pierce it with a knife, vegetable milk will flow out of the bark. The tree is capable of producing 4 liters of milk at a time. It can be eaten, but first it must be boiled and diluted with water.

21. In the rainforests of Brazil there is a tree whose sap can be used together diesel fuel. It is called Copaifera langsdorffii. This tree produces about 50 liters of fuel for a whole year. Large-scale cultivation of Copaifera langsdorffii is not profitable, but farmers can cover their costs by planting a garden of the plant.

22. In Australia there is an interesting monument dedicated to moths. The fact is that in the 20s of the last century the cactus spread greatly here. The Argentine cactus moth was the only one that was able to cope with this weed.

23. The oldest tree on the planet is pine, which is located in the United States. She is already 4.5 thousand years old.

24. The oldest root system, which is located in Sweden, is already 9 thousand years old and continues to grow and develop.

25. In Bahrain there is a tree of life, which is also considered the loneliest tree on the planet. It is located at the highest point of the desert. Scientists believe that it root system stretched tens of meters deep into the ground to aquifers. No one knows its exact age, but it is assumed that the tree is more than 400 years old. Tourists come here in droves because locals consider this place to be the Garden of Eden.

26. It turns out that the name borscht was originally applied exclusively to the Siberian hogweed plant. It was the main ingredient in a certain soup. Later, borscht in this sense fell out of use and they began to call it a whole class of first courses.

Plants are the most common living creatures on our planet. There are more than 375 thousand species. We have only considered a small fraction of them all amazing facts about plants, but nature is still full of many surprises.

Inga Korneshova article written specifically for the site 100facts.ru

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The earth is the Lord's and what fills it, the universe and everything that lives in it, He founded it on the seas and on the rivers He established it. (Psalm 23)

Bamboo grows the fastest of all plants - 90 cm per day. In Australia, there were cases when the trunks of baobab trees were used for a city prison. Or as a bus stop, it could accommodate up to 30 people.

In Brazil there is a tree called the milk nipple. If you poke a knife into the trunk of this tree, plant “milk” will flow from the bark. At one time, the tree can produce about 4 liters of milk, which just needs to be diluted with water and boiled before use.

In India there grows a keppel tree, the fruits of which are so fragrant that after tasting them, people themselves begin to smell like violets. Local ladies' men often take advantage of this.

In New Zealand there is a "cabbage tree".

In Polynesia there is a spinach tree with edible leaves.

On average, a tree lives in a big city for about 8 years.

In many parts of the world, the gourd plant is grown and used as tableware - the forms of the plant are so diverse.

Trees help reduce greenhouse effect by about 20%. But if we cut them down with the same intensity as is happening now, then soon we will live like in Africa.

Trees only 10% nutrients extracted from the soil, the rest from the atmosphere.

The diameter of the trunk of the largest tree in the world is 8 meters. It is the highest in the world. This is a sequoia tree that grows in the state of California.
Over its entire life, one tree processes more than a ton of carbon dioxide.

An average tree can make 170,000 pencils.

The largest carnivorous plant, capable of digesting large prey, belongs to the Nepentaceae family and grows in the tropical forests of Asia. Birds, frogs, mice fall into its traps and are digested with the help of enzymes.

Lightning most often strikes oak, pine and spruce; it almost never strikes hazel, elm and poplar.

In the Arabian Peninsula and Southwest Asia there is a plant called the “flower of laughter.” Its pea-sized seed can make a person laugh for no reason for... half an hour, after which the person calmly and serenely falls asleep.

Dentists give “seeds of laughter” to patients allergic to novocaine.

On Earth there are about 375 000 plant species. Of these, there are 250,000 flowering species.

Some wild fig trees growing in South Africa, are rooted to a depth of more than 120 meters. This is the height of a 30-story building!

The common birch produces a million seeds annually.

One hectare of forest produces more than 6 tons of wood every year.

One tree absorbs as much carbon per year as one car emits after driving several thousand kilometers.

One tree produces approximately 120 kilograms of oxygen per year, which is enough for a family of three during the same year.

Papuans of New Guinea shave with putiang grass - its leaves are so hard and sharp.

The Ceratonia plant always produces identical seeds, which invariably weigh exactly 0.2 g. In ancient times, jewelers used these seeds as weights. This measure was called the carat.

The most “free-standing” tree even has its own name - L’Arbre du Tenere. It grew in splendid isolation, and there is no other tree around at a distance of 200 kilometers. Recently it was... broken by a car crashing into it.

The biggest aquatic plant in the world- Victoria Amazonica, native to South America. The diameter of its sheet is about 2 meters, it can withstand a load of up to 50 kilograms.

The fastest growing plant on Earth is Bamboo (Bambusa), which grows in East and South Asia. It grows by about 0.75 meters per day.

The smelliest plant in the world is amorphophallus; it smells like rotten fish. The entire island of Sumatra is saturated with this smell.

The most tall tree in the world - evergreen sequoia, grows in California and reaches a height of 111 meters.

The most massive tree - Lindsey Creek Tree, had 3,000 cubic meters wood and weighed 3,600 tons. It was... torn out by a storm in 1905.

And most a big tree now...the aforementioned redwood tree in a California national park.

The most picky plant in the world is Welwitschia, which grows in the Namibian desert. It curls its leaves around itself and uses them to absorb moisture from the mists coming from the Atlantic, and then transfers it drop by drop to the roots.

The most spreading tree is the Banyan (Ficus bengalensis). The crown width is approximately 500 meters.

The oldest tree is in Sweden. Its root system has been growing for 9,000 years. As for the tree itself, the oldest is believed to be in the United States, and is a 4,500-year-old pine tree.

The thickest tree, the common chestnut, grows in Sicily. The circumference of the five fused trunks in 1875 was more than 64 meters, age 3600-4000 years (partially dried).

The largest leaves - 20 meters long - are on the raffia palm tree.

Most great view cacti - saguaro, growing in Mexico and the US state of Arizona. It reaches a height of 15 meters and weighs up to 10 tons. The flower of this cactus has 3.5 thousand stamens, so large that some birds build their nests there.

The largest flower in the world is the rafflesia, measuring 90 centimeters in diameter.

The average American uses more than 300 kilograms of paper over the course of his life.

About 95% American houses built using wood. It turns out that the average US resident destroys a 30-meter tree every year.

Cap mushrooms only live up to two weeks. But the fungi that are part of lichens live up to 600 years.

According to world research, plants not only decorate our planet and life. They, just like people, are endowed with feelings, memory and even intelligence! Interesting facts about plants allow us to learn about their abilities, such as the sense of time, communication with each other, and fear due to an impending threat. They can also discern the mood, intentions and character of people, ask for help, and interact with other living beings even at a distance.

• 1. The oldest lichen, which is found in Antarctica, is more than ten thousand years old. Alaskan lichens are not much younger, they are nine thousand years old. By the way, they grow very slowly. Therefore, over the course of a century, they grow only three and a half millimeters.
• 2. The oldest or most ancient plants on Earth are seaweed. Their age is more than one thousand million years.

• 3. In some parts of the world they grow very interesting plant, which is called “gorlyanka”. The amazing appearance of its fruits resembles dishes from which you can assemble an entire service.
• 4. The largest water lily was recorded in the Amazon. Its leaves, which reach two meters, can even support a child.

• 5. Wintering horsetail grows in the middle latitudes of Russia. This plant is extremely tough, and its stem can even scratch steel. It's all about the outer cells of the plant, which accumulate silica.
• 6. Interesting facts about plants concern not only their unusual appearance. For example, amorphophallus is recognized as the most smelly plant. It sounds very bad smell rotten fish. By the way, this “aroma” has become business card Sumatra Islands.
• 7. The island of Jamaica is famous for another plant. It's about about the Selenicereus cactus, whose hundred-meter-long stems with spines entwine trees. The interesting thing is that once every couple of months, at night, white flowers with a diameter of 35 centimeters bloom on them. They have a very strong vanilla aroma, which attracts natural pollinators - bats. It's a pity that these flowers begin to fade after a few hours.

• 8. Arabidopsis is the very first plant that, in space conditions, in the absence of gravity, not only blossomed, but also produced seeds.
• 9. In the south of China you can find a variety of bamboo, psyllid, which grows at the fastest speed. Every day the plant grows by forty centimeters, that is, almost two centimeters per hour. This plant only needs a couple of months to reach thirty meters in height and half a meter in diameter.

• 10. Hevea is a plant from which rubber is obtained. Knowing this, the Indians of South America dipped the soles of their shoes in its juice to obtain rubber galoshes.
• 11. Each seed of the ceratonia plant always weighs exactly 0.2 g. Due to this, in ancient times, ceratonia seeds were used as weights. This measure was soon called the carat.