DIY wooden clamp. How to make clamps from wood, plywood, metal How to make a small clamp on your own

Carrying out plumbing or carpentry work in places not equipped for this purpose is inevitably associated with the problem of securing workpieces. It is very difficult to prevent them from moving around the table or workbench during processing if they are not equipped with special clamps, a vice or other fixing devices. One such device, simple, affordable and versatile, is clamps. We will tell you what they are and how they are used, and also give detailed instructions on how to make reliable clamps with your own hands.

What is a tool needed for, its design and types of tools

The clamp is an additional carpentry tool. The main purpose of clamps is to fix a workpiece on a support surface or several workpieces for gluing them together; therefore, the design of the tool must include at least two elements: a support surface and a movable jaw equipped with a fixation mechanism. The movable jaw is usually moved using a screw or lever, which allows for increased compression and prevents backlash during operation. Depending on specialization and design features The following types of clamps are distinguished:

1. Screw G-shaped ones are the most common, characterized by their simplicity of design and relatively low cost. They are represented by a metal bracket, on one side of which there is a supporting surface, and on the other - a threaded eyelet with an adjusting screw screwed into it. Interior The screw is equipped with a working jaw, the outer one is equipped with a handle. The tool is effective when working with heavy, large workpieces of simple shape.

   Clamps of this type are suitable for working with large workpieces

2. F-shaped ones are more universal; their supporting surface is fixedly fixed on a long rod along which a working block with a sponge slides. Movement and fixation of the block is ensured by an auxiliary screw or a stepper pressure mechanism.

   Objects are fixed using an auxiliary screw and a stepper mechanism

3. Pipe - allow you to fix large-sized workpieces by varying the length of the pipe. They consist of two separate elements - a base plate with a screw clamp and a sponge that slides along the pipe.

   The clamp is suitable for working with large workpieces

4. Angular - designed to simplify the joining of workpieces at right angles, for which they have two supporting and working surfaces. They are divided into two subspecies. The first involves the presence of two clamping screws located perpendicular to each other; the second is equipped with a single screw with a double-sided corner block at the end. Very rarely there are specialized clamps that allow you to position workpieces at an acute or obtuse angle.

   Clamps of this type simplify joining workpieces at right angles

   Corner clamp with double-sided corner block

5. Tape - equipped with a flexible element and several jaws floating on it. By fixing the jaws in certain places on the belt and adjusting its tension, you can process workpieces of complex shapes.

   The band clamp is equipped with a band element that allows you to fix the workpiece around the perimeter

6. Pincers - consist of two hinged parts and a spacer spring. In practice they are rarely used due to the relatively low reliability of the joint, but they provide maximum speed installation and removal of the workpiece.

   This clamp is rarely used due to the low reliability of the joint

Clamps are most often made at home first three types, since they are not too demanding on materials and production technologies, and also allow solving most household tasks that require the use of auxiliary tools.

You will find even more information about the types of clamps in our next material:

How to make a carpentry clamp with your own hands: step-by-step instructions with drawings

To make clamps at home, it is enough to have basic plumbing and carpentry skills. The materials used are wooden beam, rolled metal, pipes and fasteners, in particular bolts, studs, nuts, pins. For docking metal parts For clamps, it is advisable to have an electric welding machine. When performing any work, the main thing is to follow the instructions and observe safety precautions.

Manufacturing of screw type tools

This type of clamp will help to secure wood workpieces well.

A clamp made using this method is perfect for fixing small wooden blanks- plywood, fiberboard sheets, OSB and chipboard, as well as boards and thin timber. We suggest that you choose the scale yourself, but otherwise it is better not to deviate from the following sequence of actions:

1. Transfer everyone's templates wooden parts on thick paper or cardboard in accordance with the selected scale.
2. Using the template, transfer the image onto a board of a suitable width. It is better to use harder wood rather than pine boards.
3. Using a jigsaw, cut out all the parts. Correct the shape with a file and sand the surface with sandpaper.
4. In the “jaws” mark and drill holes for the axial bolt. Lengthen the hole in the upper “jaw” using a round file so that its length is 1.5–2.5 times the diameter of the bolt.
5. Drill a hole in the handle for a nut with a diameter corresponding to the number wrench. Using a file, give it a hexagonal shape. Install the nut inside with epoxy or cyanoacrylate glue.
6. Assemble the clamp - fix the axial bolt in the lower “jaw” with glue, install the rear loop on the screws, put on the upper jaw and, placing a washer, install the handle. Apply soft pads to work surfaces.

An even simpler option is to make a screw clamp from a hacksaw.

A simple version of a hacksaw clamp

In this case, it is enough to weld a support pad at one end of its arc, and a nut at the other, into which the adjusting screw with jaw and handle will be installed.

Homemade quick-release clamp made of wood

Making such a clamp will take longer

The use of F-shaped clamps significantly speeds up the work process. But making the clamp itself is somewhat more complicated than creating its screw counterpart. You will need to do the following:

1. Transfer the images onto the lumber as described above. Accurately observe the specified dimensions of the parts and the locations of the pin holes.
2. Cut out the parts with a jigsaw, use it to make a narrow slot in the movable jaw and deep slots for the axial plate. Using chisels, select the groove for the cam lever.
3. Drill holes for the pins. Treat all external and internal surfaces of the parts with a file, and then with sandpaper.
4. Using a grinder, cut out an axial plate from a metal strip and grind it. Drill holes for the pins.
5. Assemble the tool by installing the jaws onto the plate using pins. Insert the cam into the movable jaw. Glue on the working pads.
6. Check functionality quick clamp. If necessary, change the shape of the working part of the cam lever.

Rough fixation of the lower jaw on the axial plate can be achieved by wedging its guide pins, inserting an additional pin, using a screw clamp or another method.

Video: making a quick clamp

Metal pipe

To make such a clamp you will need a metal pipe

For such a tool you will need three metal rings, inner diameter which corresponds outer diameter the pipe you have, instead of which, by the way, you can use a metal rod. If you have a welding machine, the process of making a clamp comes down to the following algorithm:

1. Weld to two rings support platforms which can be made from steel angle; Install a nut on the third ring, and weld the ring itself to the end of the pipe.
2. Weld an improvised handle made of a metal rod to the head of a long bolt, screw the bolt into a ring with a nut.
3. From the free end of the pipe, place the ring of the upper movable jaw on it. Make holes in the lower jaw ring for the fixing pins.
4. Install the lower ring onto the pipe.

A pipe clamp is ideal for holding furniture elements during assembly; it will be convenient in construction and installation work and other similar operations.

Video: homemade pipe-type clamp

Corner

To make this type of clamp, you can use wood, metal or duralumin. They differ from each other not only in material, but also in clamping force and the size of the fixed workpiece. Our next material presents detailed instructions for making tools:

Both in everyday life and in professional activity related to wood and metal processing, clamps will become an indispensable assistant. By following the instructions and having a simple set of materials, you can make this tool with your own hands.

Anyone who has had to do something with their own hands in the direction of improving their own home does not need to talk about the importance of various types of clamps and clamps. Without their presence, it is impossible to imagine both carpentry and plumbing. To properly process any part, you need a clamp. You can easily make it yourself at home using the most basic tools.

Types and types of clamps

Mechanical clamping devices They differ both in purpose and in the material from which they are made. The main starting materials are wooden beams.

Sometimes clamps are assembled in a rather complex spatial configuration: they provide both horizontal and vertical compression of the workpiece being processed. For assembly when constant supervision is required right angle, the corner clamp is very convenient. It’s quite possible to do it yourself, but it’s better to practice on less complex structures.

Clamps also differ in the type of elements that create mechanical compression. The most common are clamps based on a screw mechanism. But anything that can provide the necessary compression force can be suitable for the design. Even those cut from old car cameras.

Why not just buy them?

In any tool store, clamps are presented in more or less wide range. And any master has a sufficient number of them in his arsenal. What usually stops a craftsman from buying another one? Firstly, the price - quality tool cannot be cheap by definition. Secondly, it is not always possible to find what you need. Do-it-yourself clamp made for execution specific task, provides the process of assembling the product on an individual basis. This is not always possible to achieve using a universal clamp from a tool store.

Disadvantages of the standard tool

On the construction market you can find a lot of clamps that look like real ones and are expensive, but they only work for a very short time. They usually made in China. They will have to be thrown away along with the money that was paid for them. Most often it fails; it is made from a cheap, low-quality alloy. If you don’t want to throw money away, then you should think about how to make a clamp with your own hands. This will not only result in another useful thing in the master’s instrumental arsenal, but also an increased level of skill and self-esteem.

DIY clamp: what is needed to make it

First of all, you need to acquire a high-quality timber made of hardwood or a piece of rolled metal profile (preferably a channel section) - this is the basis on which the stop and screw mechanism should be mounted. The most important element clamps is exactly it. A bolt with a large thread profile nut is best suited. To assemble the structure into a single whole, you will need a drill with attachments and standard bolt fasteners. Making clamps with your own hands does not require outstanding qualifications, but you should still have basic carpentry and plumbing skills.

Making a clamp

The most important advantage of a homemade clamp is its narrow focus on providing a specific technological operation. That is why it is necessary to carefully measure everything and sketch out a schematic drawing of the future product. A self-made clamp can and should last a very long time, but this will only happen if it is competently designed and assembled correctly.

A stop and a screw mechanism must be mounted on the supporting frame beam. The free movement of the screw provides sufficient force for compression. The fastening of the stop and the screw with the nut must prevent them from being pulled out of their fixed position when technological force is applied. An important point is the presence of a flywheel mounted on the head of the process screw. If it is not provided for and not carried out, then the compression of the clamp will have to be done with the help of which is neither productive nor functional.

In order to possible application Clamps in as many operations as possible, the emphasis on it is usually made in the form of a removable block, which can be placed in several fixed positions. For assembling large wooden planes, it makes sense to construct a more complex clamp in the form of a system of two or more screws mounted on the same frame base. The efforts invested in the manufacture of a technological tool always give the proper return when using it.

Each carpenter uses clamps during work, reliably fixing workpieces with their help. You can make such a device yourself, and there are several options.

Clamps are simple, universal and specialized. Appeared not long ago the new kind products - quick-clamping. Such an element can compress up to 450 kg. It will be useful to study the instructions for making wood clamps with your own hands.

Corner option

Regardless of the type of clamp, it must firmly clamp the parts for joining or processing. A corner joiner helps to fasten wood pieces at a certain angle (most often 90°, but there are others). You can’t do without this when assembling furniture and frames.

In order to make such a clamp from wood with your own hands, you will need the following materials:

• two wooden bars 25 mm thick made of hardwood;
• plywood 12 mm thick or more;
• screws, studs;
• jigsaw or hacksaw;
• drill.

A square board with a side of 25 or 30 cm is cut out of plywood. Two bars are fixed on it at an angle of 90 °.

Important! The angle must be measured from high accuracy, since the correct fixation of parts depends on it.

First, the bars are glued, then countersunk, holes are drilled and screws or other fasteners are tightened. Perpendiculars are drawn from the center of the bars - screw studs will pass here.

At a distance of 20 mm from the corners, thrust bars are attached, maintaining a gap between them. It should be slightly larger than the width of the parts that are to be clamped with a homemade clamp. It is better to screw in the studs immediately, before fixing the stops. You will also need to cut out the movable blocks that will be connected to the pin (when it is unscrewed, the workpiece will be pressed against the corner bar).

For screws, it is best to take studs with rectangular or trapezoidal threads. The thread pitch is 2 turns per cm. It is very good if there is a little bit of a rear sight on the stud on one side smaller diameter than carving. It can be used to seat the handle. On the other hand, a rear sight with a slightly larger diameter to accommodate the bearing is desirable.

So, in the simplest clamp, one end will be stationary, and the second will move through a worm gear.

To release the workpiece, you need to move the bracket the required distance and turn the knob a few turns. This will fix the element. After this, you can release the mechanism and the workpiece will be released.

The simplest version of this model is equipped with a rail structure. The guides, which are arranged in parallel, have cut grooves at equal distances. Fixed stops are secured using rods made of metal. They can move exactly along the width of the workpieces. At the end of the beams, fixed stops should be installed, which have a worm mechanism. The usual method is to clamp it with a hairpin and a furniture nut.

Self-clamping option

For gluing parts, it is better to choose the most simple model clamps, which have an F-shape. The stores sell various models that consist not only of wood, but also of metal. The cost of such instruments is high. Therefore, many craftsmen prefer to make them with their own hands.

For small jobs, a cam-type clamp is ideal. For example, if you need to glue small parts or fix workpieces. This model works in the same way as the f-shaped element. The tool includes 2 jaws and guide bars. Sponges: movable and fixed. For reliable clamping, it is necessary to fix the workpiece well and rotate the cam 90 degrees.

You can make such a tool yourself with a minimum set of tools and materials. Before you begin, you should draw a drawing of the product. You can use any material for manufacturing, and also change standard sizes at will.

The tire is made of wood or metal. Small bolts and rivets can be used instead of metal pins. It is recommended to make movable and fixed jaws at the same time, since they mirror each other. Their width and length can be changed to increase the grip of the product.

For gluing boards (boards)

Clamping clamps are needed to fix the plots, which, after the glue has dried, are used to furniture panels. Such products differ from simple ones in their length. In other words, they have a large jaw span. If you buy such material in a store, you will have to pay a decent amount. Therefore, craftsmen prefer to make clamping mechanisms themselves.

Materials and assembly steps

In order to make tree clamps, you will need the following elements:

• beech or birch block;
• feather drill;
• pipe 2.5 cm;
• mortise nuts of suitable diameter;
• a nut that has a rounded knob (used for decoration);
• a cutter with a diameter of 2.5 cm and a long pin.

The basis of the material is a pipe, from which a piece of the required length is cut. Depending on the size of the jaws, it is necessary to cut the block. The pieces should be from 15 to 20 cm. For free movement of the timber along the pipe, a hole with a diameter of 2.5 cm should be made at a distance of 2.5 cm from the edge. Parallel to the hole, a cut should be made from the same end. To fix the sponge on the pipe, connect the hole to the end.

For the driving nut, you need to drill an additional hole on the side of the cut. You need to drive a nut into it and tighten it with reverse side bolt. To fix the sponge, clamp the pipe in the hole. To move the pipe, you need to unscrew the bolt, then move the element and repeat all the steps again.

The lower clamping part has 2 jaws; it is slightly larger than the upper one and has an additional nut. The structure of both parts is identical. An additional driving nut is located at the opposite end of the pipe into which a stud with a wing nut is installed.

In the second collapsible moving part there are no such clamping parts, like cuts and nuts. The dimensions of such an element are also rather large. In this part it is necessary to make a recess for the stud device.

Operating principle

The principle of operation of the clamp is very simple. It is necessary to separate the jaws so that they are separated from each other at a distance of 3 cm greater than the width of the shield that will be installed. Next you need to fix them on the pipe. To do this, tighten the nuts that are located at the edges. The blanks must be placed on the tubes and sealed with glue. Then they need to be pulled together by rotating the “lamb”.

If you know how to use a grinder and welding machine You can make the same clamp for gluing wood from metal.

To maintain the plane of the plot with tubes, it is recommended to arrange the clamps in a checkerboard pattern. The main advantage of such a tool is its ease of manufacture and operation.

Special clamp designs

Having mastered the skills of making simple-shaped clamps, you can improve them and make devices for connecting complex parts.

Meet homemade clamps made from wooden hanger, which is sawn into pieces. They combine wood and steel and make more comfortable handles that allow you to quickly tighten the screw. This is especially important if you need to change positions frequently or use several clamps at the same time. In the case of complex pieces, you can first cut them out of paper and then transfer them to plywood.

Although welded metal products are more reliable, wooden structures also used not only for carpentry, but also for turning, carpentry work. You don't need to have any special skills to create a clamp. You can make such a wooden product in unlimited quantities with your own hands. You just need to devote some time to the manufacturing process.

A clamp is an important tool for any craftsman. At the same time, the specifics of his work do not play a special role: carpenter, mechanic. This device is indispensable, so it is often used. For example, when gluing wood blanks to secure a sheet, slab, board, etc.

On the market you can find big choice clamps They differ in the material from which they are made, sizes and other characteristics. Despite this, as practice shows, choose best option difficult for work. Most tools have their drawbacks that cause difficulties during use. One of the most important is related to low rate strength. This is explained by the fact that the manufacturer wants to save costs on the manufacture of products, so he uses low-quality materials.

If you want to get a durable and reliable device, then the same the best option- this is to do it yourself. Such a tool will be an excellent assistant when working with wood and will last long years. At the same time, it will save money on purchasing a new one, which is expensive. The design you come up with will help solve individual problems quickly and easily.

A clamp is a simple device in its design, but very important when performing wood processing. It is used to fix in one position a board, slab, etc. that needs to be cut. It is very important that it is comfortable for its owner. This will allow you to get the job done quickly and efficiently.

The only way to get a tool that will meet your requirements is to make it yourself. To do this, the first thing you need to start with is to decide on the type of structure. The tool can be made of both metal and wood. Their scope is wide. This can be either a universal or a specialized device.

If we talk about varieties, we can distinguish tape, pipe, edge and others. As for clamps, the mechanism is represented by the type of angular, screw, mounting, manual, quick-clamping. The last option is relatively new. It appeared quite recently, but is already actively used by craftsmen, as it is convenient and practical.

Preparation of drawings

Making clamps is a simple process. Despite this, it requires attention and responsibility. In order for the resulting product to be of high quality and reliable, it is necessary to think through everything to the smallest detail.

First of all, you will need a drawing. On a piece of paper you can reproduce the device as it will be in the future. You can prepare it yourself. But here you need to have certain skills in solving such problems.

And, of course, the best option is the help of a professional. He will take into account your wishes and prepare an individual drawing. But for his work you will need to pay a certain amount.

What is necessary?

Depending on the purpose for which the tool will be used, the material from which it can be made is selected. The highest quality and most reliable products can be obtained from wood, metal, corners, pipes and other things. These materials are great for making a clamp. It is also worth considering their high strength and durability.

In addition, you will need studs, nuts, plywood boards, and slats. Their size is determined based on what kind of device it will be. They are indicated on the drawings.

Manufacturing process: instructions

The clamp manufacturing process consists of several stages. You can proceed to it after the drawings have been prepared and necessary materials. At the same time, you must work carefully and carefully.

The first stage is to secure the bars to the table surface. These will be used to secure the clamp to the workbench. To do this, you need to make holes on them by drilling. Then, using nuts and studs, press them tightly.

The second stage involves working with the lower beam. It must be stable on the surface. To do this, it is placed horizontally. The next one is placed on top. It should be edge-on to the tabletop.

After this, you need to install plywood boards. A block is placed on them, and everything is attached to the table. In this case, the bottom edge of the board should protrude slightly. Three centimeters relative to the block will be enough. After the elements are correctly laid out, they must be drilled through and secured with studs. In this case, each board performs its role. One is responsible for how the lower beam is fixed, the second acts as a clamp.

In this case, it is important to equip the structure with a plywood strip that moves. The studs used for fastening are different. They differ in length. So, the long ones are responsible for the working stroke, the short ones for attaching the device to the table. As for the nuts, their role is also great. They fix the part of the tool that moves and regulate the clamp itself and its strength. Thus, they act as levers.

Do-it-yourself quick-release clamp

A do-it-yourself quick-release clamp is one of the most common types of design. It happens different types: angular, lever, manual and others. Its main difference is that the device provides quick clamping of the material that needs to be processed.

Making such a clamp with your own hands is not difficult. To do this, it is necessary to take into account some of the nuances of the case. The first is related to a good clamp. A lever that helps in working with the tool is excellent. Such a device will be convenient and practical to use.

If the tool is used for welding, then it is necessary to choose an angular model. She will allow necessary work It is quick and easy to perform, as it is a universal fastener.