Comparison of profiles for Rehau and Proplex windows. The best replacement for old window blocks - rating of plastic window manufacturers Better window profiles

Modern housing cannot be imagined without plastic windows. These standards are dictated to us not only by fashion, but also by comfort, because such designs contribute to sound insulation and heat retention. To the benefits plastic openings include attractive appearance, long service life, variety of shapes and other equally important points. However, not all companies take these parameters into account in the manufacture of window systems, saving on material, quality of fittings, profiles and other features. The 2019 rating considers only the best manufacturers of plastic windows, which took leading positions thanks to customer reviews, expert opinions, and testing.

When compiling the rating, experts carefully studied the characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages of not only windows, but also their manufacturers. Companies diligently advertise various commercial offers, which are not always profitable.

The TOP included only reliable companies that were able to provide certificates confirming the quality of their products and received the highest customer ratings:

• Veka- one of the largest window manufacturers. All the company's products have the necessary quality and safety certificates, as well as a long warranty.
• is a concern from Germany that has been producing reliable windows according to German standards for several years. The company's products are divided into four subgroups, distinguished by technical parameters.
• - a popular holding company that produces original window openings. In addition to commercial and industrial activities, the company is engaged in charity work, which is highly valued by customers.
• Kbe is another brand from Germany that produces window profiles, doors, and balconies made of environmentally friendly, reliable plastic.
• Rehau- a well-known German company. It has sales offices in all regions of the Russian Federation, holds major seminars every year, and has received many awards.
• Wds- a popular company from Dnepropetrovsk. Laboratory control is used in production, which guarantees the safety of products.

• - a large concern from Russia that produces profile plastic products. By manufacturing it at its own factory, it complies with quality standards, so the brand responsibly declares full compliance with GOST.
• - a large holding from the Russian Federation, whose branches are located in every region. Constantly offers favorable conditions for the purchase of reliable PVC systems from quality material.

Rating of plastic window manufacturers

The rating of plastic window manufacturers is based on the opinions of real people and experts who conducted testing to identify the advantages, disadvantages and guarantees of the brand. Every year quality plastic products is being improved, new technologies are being developed, new materials are being used. The experts took into account all current trends, based on which they applied the following criteria when selecting nominees:

• Strength;
• Reliability;
• Safety;
• Noise insulation;
• Design;
• Color;
• Life time;
• Construction type;
• Number of cameras;
• Quality of fittings;
• Reinforcing insert.

The price of window structures is also discussed in the reviews, since it must correspond to the declared quality. Taking into account the listed parameters and properties, experts compiled the TOP-8, which included the best manufacturers of plastic windows.

The best foreign manufacturers of plastic windows

It is noted that large percentage users trust foreign manufacturers, citing European quality standards. Testing has shown that Russians prefer the profile of German brands, which they associate with reliability. In this nomination, five companies from Europe are considered, whose products are the most purchased.

Veka

A brand from Germany with a network of subsidiaries in several countries. The holding's products are focused on different climatic conditions; for example, in the Far Eastern region, Veka produces products with profile systems that have increased thermal insulation performance. For the Southern regions, the company produces single- or double-glazed windows.

Century produces different PVC profiles, classifying products into categories: openings for offices, apartments, enterprises, country houses, and the brand also develops individual solutions. Users note that the company’s windows last quite a long time; in addition, the company supplies them with anti-vandal fittings or special sound insulation. Every year the concern conducts an independent quality examination, which confirms the manufacturer’s guarantees.

Advantages:

• Multi-camera system profiles;
• Good energy-saving properties of products;
• Reliable fittings;
• Varieties of decorative finishes;
• Fast installation technologies.

Flaws:

• Long production times;
• Installers do not always have the necessary qualifications.

In general, reviews of Veka plastic windows are positive, however, the work of installers does not always meet quality standards. Users note the low level of preparedness of company employees from different regions, as well as disagreements regarding service.

The German quality of Salamander is noted by a large number of users. The brand produces windows from a reliable profile that meets all safety standards, providing quality certificates. Regional branches offer ready-made solutions for standard houses, cottages, apartments, plus they develop special projects with a design approach, in different geometric proportions.

Salamander in its designs provides complete protection from the sun, dust, noise, cold, heat, taking into account all climatic conditions. The brand devotes a special focus to window openings for children's rooms, producing safe, shockproof profiles with removable fittings, oriented only for ventilation. For people with disabilities, the company provides products with remote control, which can be automatic or mechanical.

Advantages:

• Different color ideas for decoration;
• Lots of promotions;
• Multifunctional glasses;
• Long warranty and post-warranty service;
• Fast calculation, service.

Flaws:

• Delivery and production delays;
• High price.

As the manufacturer explains, delays in production occur due to a large number of orders or shortages of material, which is quite justified by the flow of customers. The price is rather high, but experts say that it is reasonable because the quality of the profile is high.

A manufacturer that stands out for its reliability and affordable prices. The company's policy is quite free; in production it uses strict, safe materials created in own production. This creates a modest price, and the choice of components, fittings, and finishes allows you to create an individual design.

The company's products are divided into five categories, they differ in type or purpose, plus the brand produces profiles according to personal orders. Buyers note that the plastic does not turn yellow or change color, looking aesthetically pleasing with proper care. Also noted are good noise insulating properties of the profile, absence of freezing and condensation at high humidity.

Advantages:

• High quality raw materials;
• Expressive design;
• Reliable assembly, tightness;
• Control of finished products;
• Profile resistance to deformation.

Flaws:

• The fittings are of average quality;
• Little known brand.

Experts note that when laminating profiles, Plafen uses LG or Hornschuch films, which are considered high quality. The films are abrasion resistant, plus they do not peel off even in extreme temperature conditions.

Kbe

The profiles of this company are environmentally friendly, production is carried out using the exclusive Greenline technology, which provides toxic-free raw materials. Design is also noted as an advantage of Kbe profiles; the company offers many shades, lamination, and aluminum overlays. Pro Cover Tec technology protects the profile from dust and UV rays and is applicable to almost all windows. Judging by user reviews, they like good waterproofing characteristics, long service life, and heat-saving properties, which is why Kbe products are popular. Windows of this brand are often ordered for new buildings, office centers, and hotels.

Advantages:

• Double-circuit seal;
• Anti-burglary system in every window;
• Large selection of models;
• Well-thought-out ventilation system;
• High-quality fittings.

Flaws:

• The price is 10-15% higher than standard;
• The cheapest Kbe profiles turn yellow over time.

It is noteworthy that this brand is the most counterfeited in Russia; dozens of companies offer similar plastic windows. The kbe profile is still different from fakes, so experts recommend not to fall for advertising, but to buy exclusively original designs, as they are of high quality.

Rehau

This is one of the oldest manufacturers of window openings, which is why customers trust Rehau. You can buy plastic windows of this brand in any city in the Russian Federation, or beyond its borders - production has been quite expanded. The main advantages of the brand’s designs are considered to be a large selection, good quality, warmth, sound insulation and design created to suit new trends.

In production, the holding uses multi-chamber systems, offering ten standard solutions. These are designs of different directions, focused on apartments or private houses, individual projects are possible. The company also offers designer services - they will guide you in choosing a color or shape, which may be non-standard.

Advantages:

• Line for extreme climatic conditions;
• Good sound insulation of models;
• Qualified installers;
• Energy-saving double-glazed windows;
• Low prices.

Flaws:

• Claims take a long time to process;
• They rarely hold promotions or give discounts.

Buyers say that when making complaints to the main management of the company, they have to wait a long time for an answer or solution to the issue, which is considered one of Rehau’s shortcomings. However, such statements were found in small quantities, and there were almost no complaints about quality.

The best domestic manufacturers of plastic windows

Domestic manufacturers are no less popular; buyers give them preference due to low tariffs. Affordable prices due to the fact that production is located in Russia, so companies do not pay additionally for the delivery of raw materials. The nomination considers three Russian brands that have reached a new level of quality, which is practically not inferior to European ones.

Wds

The windows of this manufacturer are divided into four types, from the flagship line to the luxury series. The company has its own laboratory in which profile samples are tested, which guarantees the reliability of each design. The brand is quite well-known; it provides all quality certificates, expert opinions, and passports.

The Wds profile is quite durable, it copes with power and wind loads, and is considered very reliable. Each double-glazed window is protected from ultraviolet rays, and the plastic does not turn yellow in the sun. Separately, buyers note the company’s prices - at low costs you can choose reliable plastic windows.

Advantages:

• Low thermal conductivity;
• Additional seals;
• Variety of finishes;
• Anti-vandal systems;
• Protection against freezing and condensation.

Flaws:

• Not all fittings are of high quality;
• The price of glass in some models is more expensive than the profile.

The company also installs balconies, loggias, and plastic doors. Lamination is offered for any product, which allows you to choose the design of the required color.

The company produces not only plastic, but also wooden windows. The assortment includes roller shutters, loggias, balconies, portals, and accessories made of various materials. The brand constantly promotes promotions, discounts or gifts for customers, which has a positive effect on the price. The company produces profiles in accordance with GOST, classifies products into three types, from economical to quite expensive segment.

Panorama presents three installation and maintenance programs. In production, the brand uses domestic or foreign raw materials, while the price of European materials is much higher. However, this is a well-known brand that offers good, affordable Euro windows for any room.

Advantages:

• Long-term warranty on profiles, installation;
• Multifunctional double-glazed windows;
• High quality fittings;
• Insulated slopes with external drainage;
• Reliable seals.

Flaws:

• Long production and installation times;
• One hundred percent prepayment.

A month after installation, an inspector visits the customers to check the condition of the structures. If deficiencies are identified, the company eliminates them free of charge, using a warranty card, which is not found in every organization.

One of the largest companies producing plastic structures. It produces products according to European standards, the choice is quite large, plus the brand fulfills orders according to custom design. When making openings, both high-quality and simple fittings are used; the Sok profile is used only domestic production as well as raw materials. The windows have good sound insulation and energy saving properties, even in economy models. Double-glazed windows are particularly durable; they are completely sealed, so dust, moisture, and condensation are excluded.

Advantages:

• Many options for color finishing, lamination, tinting;
• Multi-chamber profiles;
• Control of production at the enterprise;
• Expressive design;
• Long-term guarantees;
• Environmentally friendly.

Flaws:

• High price.

The company installs windows in a short time, which is positively noted by customers. Users also rate installation and service with the highest scores, as well as post-warranty service.

Which manufacturer of plastic windows is better to choose?

The question of how to choose plastic windows faces many people; often customers themselves do not know where to start. Experts say that the main purchase parameters are not only the price, but also the manufacturer’s warranty, product characteristics, such as profile width, strength of double-glazed windows, frame. The choice of manufacturer is also very important, since only popular, reputable trade marks can provide a quality guarantee.

• Rehau isolated from foreign manufacturers. The company produces windows even for extreme temperature conditions and offers a large selection of products in different directions from ten standard solutions.
• named a leader among domestic companies. This brand is quite well known; it offers environmentally friendly, multi-chamber profiles of different shades of lamination and tinting, with specially durable double-glazed windows.

Much also depends on the qualifications of the installers - if installed incorrectly, even luxury windows will not last long. Therefore, before ordering, it is recommended to consult with neighbors and friends who have already contacted the company you have chosen and can confirm the integrity of the craftsmen.

Plastic windows firmly occupy a leading position. They are distinguished by a high level of heat and sound insulation, and also provide the opportunity to choose fittings, window opening method and profile color. You can also choose a double-glazed window with the required number of cameras. But few people think that it is the window profile that ensures the strength and durability of the entire structure. In this article we compare plastic window profiles with different characteristics and manufacturers.

General information about the profile of plastic windows

On average, the profile thickness of plastic windows varies from 58 mm to 86 mm, but some companies produce products up to 127 mm wide.

Its interior is hollow, but is divided by bridges that create several air chambers. A special technical calculation determines their dimensions and location. The wider the profile, the greater the number of chambers in it, increasing the heat-saving properties. Another characteristic of the profile system is the filling width, which determines what type of double-glazed windows can be installed in the profile. They come in single- or double-chamber types, the width of the glass in a standard double-glazed window is 4 mm (grade M1).

Each cavity has its own purpose:

• for water drainage;
• fastening accessories;
• responsible for strength, etc.

The color of the profile can be varied; painting is applied in several ways:

• coextrusion method - multilayer films create a kind of barrier that allows the product to withstand dynamic loads without damage;

• lamination - with imitation texture, for example, marble or wood;
• monochromatic coloring.

Characteristics of PVC profiles for plastic windows

Material

• This product is made from a type of plastic - white polyvinyl chloride.
• The material is different high resistance to chemical exposure by alkalis, solvents, acids and mineral oils.
• It is harmless to humans and environment.

• Due to its distinctive properties, polyvinyl chloride makes it possible to produce frames for double-glazed windows not only in rectangular or square shapes, but also in the form of arches, triangles, circles, and so on. Thus, giving absolutely any simple or complex configuration to the window, allowing even the most non-standard idea of ​​designers and architects to become a reality.

Design

Interior plastic case profile is divided by longitudinal partitions, in turn they form cavities (air chambers). The minimum number of chambers in a profile is 3, the maximum is 8. The number of chambers determines the degree of thermal insulation and sound absorption of the window; the more air cavities, the higher these indicators. It should be noted right away that 3- and 5-chamber profiles are popular.

Reinforcement

To provide rigidity, the profile is additionally reinforced. The metal frame provides the necessary structural strength and reliability during operation of the window. Galvanized steel is used to reinforce the profile, so it does not deform due to temperature changes or other environmental influences.

• L-shaped type of reinforcement - a metal insert is installed along two walls;
• U-shaped type of reinforcement, where metal strengthens three walls;
• Closed type of reinforcement - a metal insert is located along four walls.

For window structures that have double-glazed windows up to 1900 mm in height, a U-shaped reinforced profile is suitable. However, for plastic windows of large dimensions, for example, for a loggia or balcony, a profile with closed reinforcement is required.

Profile class

The thickness of the profile walls determines whether it belongs to a certain class:

• Class A - the thickness of the profile walls must be at least 3 mm;
• Class B - profile where the wall thickness is from 2.5 mm;
• Class C - non-standardized wall thickness.

As a result, the width of the profile of plastic windows directly depends on its class. The higher it is, the correspondingly wider the profile.

Comparison of manufacturers of plastic window profiles

Many domestic and foreign manufacturers present their products on the Russian market. The leading positions in the ranking of profiles for plastic windows are occupied by the following companies:

• Germany - REHAU, VEKA, KBE, SALAMANDER, SCHUCO, KOMMERLING;
• Slovakia - INTERNOVA;
• Korea - LG CHEM;
• Belgium - DECEUNINCK;
• Russia - MONTBLANC and PROPLEX.

VEKA

• The profile is made according to German technology in Russia, they always correspond to class A, suitable for all regions, with any climate.

• BEKA profile systems are presented in 8 types, the installation depth ranges from 58 to 90 mm, and the number of chambers varies from 3 to 6. As a result of all the improvements, this profile is reliable, environmentally friendly and aesthetically pleasing.

REHAU

• World famous profile from a German company.
• She presents these products from economy to elite class, taking into account all weather conditions.
• Mounting width from 60 to 86 mm, number of chambers - from 3 to 6.

• Windows with REHAU profiles are distinguished by a high level of sound insulation (class 5), good thermal insulation, and can be equipped with gray seals if desired.
• Excellent value for money and quality.

SCHUKO

This company is equipped with modern equipment, uses quality materials and is staffed by qualified personnel. Thanks to this, it produces a full line of profiles, fittings and seals.

• Window profile designs are available in widths from 60 to 82 mm, the number of chambers is from 3 to 8.
• SCHUKO windows are easy to use and have good burglar-resistant properties.

MONTBLANC

There are 4 manufacturing plants producing profiles in Russia.

• The Russian-Austrian company is equipped with a production base where the latest technologies are being developed and implemented.

• The Mont Blanc line contains 6 types of profiles, where the installation width ranges from 58 mm to 120 mm, chambers - from 3 to 6.
• The durability of the profile system (60 years) is achieved using specially designed performance characteristics for harsh climates.

PROPLEX

• The plant, located in Podolsk, produces profiles using German equipment using Austrian technologies.
• These products are produced in widths that can range from 58 mm to 127 mm, chambers - from 3 to 6.
• The original recipe allows us to produce high-quality profiles characterized by impact strength and special whiteness.

You can also compare the characteristics of plastic window profiles using the tables below.

Profiles of the German company KBE

It is believed that German profiles of plastic windows are superior to the products of other manufacturers in terms of quality, whiteness of color, and technical characteristics. They do not lose their properties even over a long service life and can withstand almost any dynamic loads and significant temperature changes (from -50°C to +50°C).

The KBE company produces and supplies 2 types of the most popular profiles: KBE Etalon and KBE Expert.

KBE Etalon - three-chamber profile

• The installation width is 58 mm;
• width of front walls - 3 mm;
• the thickness of the glass unit can be up to 34 mm;
• 3 chambers in the frame, sashes, impost (horizontal and vertical window bars);
• can be used in harsh conditions (-60°C);
• service life - 40 years;

Advantages:

• with a profile width of 58 mm, it has 3 air chambers, their size and optimal position provide heat transfer resistance. Such windows have a high degree of tightness, which exceeds the existing GOST requirements by 5 (!) times, which guarantees the complete absence of dust and drafts in the room;
• two sealed sealing gaskets provide excellent sound insulation (up to 46 dB). The profile is additionally equipped with horizontal lintels, thereby increasing the strength of the lock when closing the window;
• The KBE profile has stiffening ribs that provide additional strength to the window structure. Also, special stops can increase rigidity, with the help of which the precise location of the reinforcing metal insert is achieved.

KBE Expert - five-chamber profile

• Installation width is 70 mm;
• width of front walls - 3 mm;
• glass unit thickness is up to 42 mm;
• 5 chambers in the frame and sashes, 3 or 4 in the impost (horizontal and vertical window bars);
• Suitable for use in harsh conditions (-60°C);
• sealing contours correspond to class A;
• service life - 40 years;
• Environmentally friendly materials are used in production and do not contain lead.

Advantages:

• five-chamber structure allows you to achieve best value thermal insulation, this profile is capable of retaining heat 20% more than typical three-chamber systems. You can achieve excellent sound insulation by installing wide double-glazed windows with a 70 mm profile;
• The 13 mm groove of the profile allows you to install anti-burglary fittings, thereby ensuring the security of the room;
• the KBE Expert profile has additional horizontal jumpers, thanks to which the handles and hinges will be securely fastened;
• When installed, the mounting seam becomes approximately 20% wider, in turn allowing for additional insulation.

Estimated cost windows from KBE profile

An important factor when choosing a particular double-glazed window is its price. It is often decisive, but high quality German window profiles cannot be cheap. Below is the approximate market value in Russia.

• On average, a single-chamber double-hung window with dimensions of 140x130 cm, in which one sash is fixed and the other is tilt-and-turn, will cost:
  • from a 58 mm profile from RUB 7,500,
  • from 70 mm - from 10,000 rub.

• The price of a two-chamber three-leaf window measuring 140x203 cm, in which the first sash is rotary, the central one is blind, and the third is tilt-and-turn, will range from:
  • from 58 mm profile 13,000 rubles;
  • from 70 mm 14500 rub. and higher.

• When purchasing a balcony block with an opening door measuring 210x67 cm and a blind window - 140x136 cm, you will have to pay at least:
  • from a 58 mm profile 11,000 rubles;
  • from 70 mm from 13,000 rub.

What to look for when choosing a plastic profile with double-glazed windows

In order to determine what profile thickness is needed, you should have basic knowledge about the double-glazed window, because up to 70% of heat losses occur through it.

This transparent element consists of 2 or more glasses that are tightly connected to the frame. A chamber (air gap) is formed between them, filled with rarefied air or an inert gas, such as argon or krypton. This kind of filling is used in the production of energy-saving double-glazed windows.

A single-chamber double-glazed window is a design of 2 glasses of 4 mm each and an air gap of 16 mm, in abbreviated form it is designated 4-16-4. Thus, its installation width is 24 mm. The design, equal to 36 mm, is obtained from a two-chamber double-glazed window, which consists of 3 glasses of 4 mm each and 2 layers of 10 mm each - 4-10-4-10-4.

Consequently, an appropriate profile is selected for the required double-glazed window. For example, optimal solution for an ordinary apartment or house, a 5-chamber profile with a 70 mm installation width and a 30 mm double-glazed window will serve, where a heat-reflecting coating should be applied to one glass.

If the windows face the north side and there is a busy road nearby, then the following option is suitable: a 5-chamber profile with a depth of 86 mm, complemented by a 32 mm double-glazed window with a protective noise-insulating film.

When a balcony (loggia) is combined with an adjacent room or it is planned to make a small office (rest room) out of it, then the profile should be 5-chamber with an installation depth of 86 mm, and the double-glazed window should be energy-saving, two-chamber with a width of no less than 40 mm.

For simple insulation of a balcony, a 60 mm 3-chamber profile and a 30 mm single-chamber double-glazed window are suitable.

But it’s not enough just to choose the optimal PVC profile and double-glazed window. It is equally important to entrust the installation of the finished window to professionals. Otherwise, no matter how expensive the design, poor-quality installation will cancel all its high characteristics.

Currently, the market for windows made on a PVC basis offers a wide range of different products. In order to attract buyers, companies are developing new types of double-glazed windows, and also use various types of profiles from which plastic windows are made.

In this regard, the consumer has reasonable questions: which window profile to choose and what will serve as the criteria for its selection?

When choosing a profile used in the manufacture of plastic windows, you must be guided by the following criteria that determine the purpose of the window and its operating conditions:

1. The ability to provide the required level of heat and sound insulation of the room where it is planned to install a window of this design.
2. The quality of the material used.
3. Profile class.
4. Possibility of installing double-glazed windows of various designs.
5. Geometric dimensions of the profile (width and height).
6. Availability of reinforcement.
7. Possibility of installing additional elements.
8. Conditions of use and maintenance.
9. Manufacturer's brand and its reliability.
10. Price.

In practice, a PVC profile is used, which has a different number of chambers in its design, which ensure the ability of this structural element to retain heat indoors and maintain the required level of sound insulation.

Structurally, this is expressed in the division internal space into several air chambers by installing partitions. There can be from three to eight such chambers (air cavities), of which the most popular among household consumers are three and five chambers.

By class, PVC profiles are classified as:

• Class “A” – wall thickness from 3.0 mm.
• Class “B” – wall thickness from 2.5 to 3.0 mm.
• Class “C” - wall thickness is not standardized.

Window profile materials

In the manufacture of windows, various types of profiles can be used, both in terms of its design and the material from which it is made.

It could be:

• Tree.

It's natural and environmentally friendly safe material, which has always been widely used in the manufacture of windows.

Currently, due to the advent of new technologies and the high cost of natural raw materials, it is used less widely.

Coniferous trees are used in the manufacture of cheaper structures, but, nevertheless, they are still more expensive than products made from various types of plastic and some types of composites.

• Aluminum.

Pure aluminum is not a very good material in terms of its use for the manufacture of window blocks. The reason for this is its high thermal conductivity and low elasticity.

In this regard, aluminum faucets are rarely used in their pure form for these structural elements, but in combination with polyvinyl chloride materials they are an excellent component of such products.

• Fiber composites.

Fiber composites are fiberglass made from a reinforced profile and a fiberglass composite.

This material has good heat-insulating properties and strength indicators that exceed those of wood and metal, respectively.

The disadvantage that determines its rather narrow distribution is that under the influence external environment(precipitation, sunlight, etc.), this material delaminates.

When using a composite made from carbon fiber, this disadvantage is absent, but in this case the product is very expensive.

• Metal-plastic.

The use of aluminum, which serves as a frame in the manufacture of window profiles and plastic, made it possible to create a wonderful tandem of materials, which made it possible to combine their advantages and create a durable product with good thermal insulation properties.

Metal-plastic profiles are currently widely used in the manufacture of window blocks of various designs.

Selection of accessories

The choice of fittings is an important point when manufacturing and equipping a window, no matter how strange it may seem at first glance. In order to make the right choice, you must:

• Familiarize yourself with the types and purposes of fittings.
• Choose the most reliable manufacturer that produces high-quality products (based on user reviews).
• Determine the needs of various types of fittings and their technical characteristics.
• Determine the relationship between price and service life of the products.

The configuration and type of fittings for each specific window is individual, which is determined by its design and the method of opening the sashes (right or left, sliding or hinged type, blind or tilt-and-turn design, etc.).

The standard package of a window made from PVC profile includes the following elements:

• Window hinges (bottom and top).
• Compensator.
• Protective mechanism (fuse) against slamming.
• Devices for lifting window sash.
• Retainers.
• Brackets.
• Tilt-and-turn mechanism.

In addition to the products listed above, the kit may include window sash rotation limiters, slot ventilators, mosquito nets and locks that ensure the window is closed from the inside.

In the manufacture of fittings, various metals and their alloys are used, which characterizes their strength and reliability. On the outside, the fittings are coated with anti-corrosion paints and varnishes.

The criteria for choosing accessories are:

• Wear resistance.
• Resistance to external influences.
• Availability of warranty period and certificate of conformity.
• Appearance (aesthetics) and ease of use.

Choosing a plastic window manufacturer

When the user is faced with a question related to the choice of plastic windows, in addition to the technical components that determine the characteristics of the window (the type of profile and the material from which it is made, the type of double-glazed window, the availability and quality of seals and fittings), an organizational component also appears - which manufacturer’s windows to choose.

A large number of large and small companies of various forms of ownership operate on the domestic market for such products. However, the main manufacturers of metal-plastic profiles are only a few companies, whose products have their own inherent advantages and disadvantages; below are the most popular of them.

KBE (Kunststoffproduktion für Bau und Elektrotechnik), Germany

The KBE company operates in different countries and on different continents. In Russia, this company has representative offices in many regions; the production of metal-plastic profiles is located in the Moscow region. The representative of the company in Russia is ZAO Profine RUS (Moscow).

The advantages of KVE products are:

• High rates of heat and sound insulation.
• Wide operating temperature range.
• The presence of a ventilation system that ensures that glass units do not fog up.

The disadvantages include:

• High price.
• Under influence sunlight White plastic may turn yellow.

Rehau, Germany

The Rehau company operates in different industries and in different countries around the world. One of the areas of activity is the production of translucent structures, including metal-plastic profiles.

The company's central office for Eastern Europe is located in Moscow, and representative offices are in the cities of St. Petersburg, Voronezh, Nizhny Novgorod, Samara, Yekaterinburg, Rostov-on-Don, Novosibirsk, Krasnodar, Irkutsk, Khabarovsk and Simferopol.

The advantages of Rehau products are:

• Strength.
• A large assortment various types profile.
• Good performance in terms of heat and sound insulation.
• Frost resistance of products.

• High price.
• Limited height of sashes on manufactured products.

"PROPLEX", Russia

"PROPLEX" is one of the first domestic enterprises that began working in the market of metal-plastic windows through the full cycle of their production.

The advantages of products manufactured at this enterprise are:

• Relatively low cost.
• Long service life.
• They are adapted to operating conditions in Russia.

The disadvantages are:

• There is no international quality certificate.

VEKA AG, Germany

In Russia, the German company is represented by its branch, the subsidiary VEKA Rus, whose head office and production are located in Moscow. In addition, the company has representative offices in a number of regions of our country.

The advantages of VEKA products are:

• Wide selection of models.
• High technical performance (heat and sound insulation).
• Durability.
• The use of special rubber-based seals that are not afraid of low ambient temperatures.

The main disadvantage is the high cost.

Montblanc, Russia

The Mont Blanc company has been successfully operating in the PVC products market since 2000. The head office is located in Moscow, and factories are in Elektrostal, Moscow Region, and Krasnoyarsk.

The advantages of the products manufactured by this company are:

• Low cost.
• Adaptation of products to operating conditions in our country.
• Well executed design.
• Large selection of models.
• Strength and durability of products.

The following are considered disadvantages:

• Lack of international quality certificate.
• Low quality of fittings used.
• Possibility of odor from the type of sealant used.

Which profiles are most often chosen?

The type of profile chosen depends on the purpose of the window and its operating conditions. In addition, another important factor influencing the choice is the service life and cost of the product.

When choosing, there are always personal preferences for a particular brand, as well as the presence of representative offices of the manufacturer in the region of residence of the potential buyer. Products are popular in the regions of our country various companies, which is characterized by the presence of this type of production and competition between manufacturers.

For installation in residential buildings The greatest demand is for 3- and 5-chamber metal-plastic profiles with a width of 58.0 and 70.0 mm, respectively. For northern regions, 6 and 8 chamber profiles with a width of 90.0 mm are recommended.

It is not recommended to install in residential buildings plastic windows made from a profile intended for industrial buildings and facilities, for which there should be appropriate markings on its surface (OBJECT, object, engine, Tender, etc.).

In addition to the fact that when choosing a window you need to be careful and thoroughly familiarize yourself with the type and design of the profile, glass unit and fittings, you also need to take care of the high-quality installation of the purchased product. Incorrect installation can negate all the advantages of a window made from a metal-plastic profile.

If you are going to replace window units with old wooden frames Pay attention to the rating of the site Marka.guru - the portal offers you to get acquainted with the best manufacturers of plastic windows. The products of leading companies are of excellent quality; only durable materials that meet all safety requirements are used in the manufacture of products. It is better to choose the most reliable manufacturer of window profiles, and then your home will always be warm, light and cozy.

In modern times, manufacturers of plastic windows regularly improve the quality of their products by introducing new and improved technologies. But still, when purchasing, you should pay attention to some nuances:

1. Appearance. The window is one of the primary attributes in the interior; even the highest quality window with an inappropriate design will look out of place in the interior of the room.
2. Type of design. Windows come in fixed, pivoting and tilt-and-turn types. The tilt-and-turn design is more convenient to use.
3. Number of sashes. The choice depends on the size of the window opening.
4. Number of cameras. The most reliable protection from severe winter frosts - a three-chamber window block design.
5. Quality of fittings. To prevent the doors from warping later, pay attention to the quality of the turning mechanisms.
6. Manufacturer. Give preference to proven, reliable brands.
7. Qualification of a window installer. Even the most reliable and high-quality double-glazed window can be damaged by improper installation. If the master treats his work negligently, in the winter months drafts may pass through the window, the sashes will warp, and moisture will seep in due to insufficient tightness. To avoid this, trust the installation of windows only to trusted companies.

1.VEKA

Tops the rating of VEKA plastic windows. The designs manufactured by this company are of high quality. Thanks to the manufacturer’s own testing center, products are constantly being improved, but prices do not change. Plastic windows have good adaptation to any weather conditions, thanks to the use of polyvinyl chloride. They are not characterized by the appearance of yellowness, even after a long period of time.

The structures do not use heavy metals, which negatively affect people’s well-being. You can install VEKA plastic windows without fear for your health.

Advantages:

• the design is made in a modern style;
• durability, thanks to the steel reinforcing element;
• invisible seal does not spoil appearance;
• a large assortment;
• excellent thermal insulation.

Disadvantages: none found.

The average cost for a PVC window 600*1000 is 1400 rubles.

2.REHAU

To supply the best plastic windows, pay attention to REHAU products. The window profile is based on special materials – fiber fibers obtained using nanotechnology. Even with a large window, there is no need to install additional steel reinforcement.

A window block made of plastic from this company reduces heat loss by up to 76 percent, and the noise level will be 2 times lower.

REHAU window blocks can be selected in any color scheme and texture, which allows you to add unusualness and originality to the interior of the room.

Advantages:

• high thermal insulation;
• low noise level;
• durability;
• window fit tightness;
• reliable protection against burglary;
• big choice;
• additional components (mosquito nets, ebbs, slopes, window sills);

Disadvantages: high cost.

The average price for a PVC window 600*1200 is 2250 rubles.

3. KBE

Manufacturers use only harmless elements to make their products.

In addition, the disposal of old window blocks is carried out in accordance with environmental safety. In reviews, some buyers write that the window profile of this brand can fade in the sun and turn yellow.

Advantages:

• environmentally friendly;
• durability;
• excellent thermal insulation;
• impeccable appearance;
• high sound insulation;
• withstand any temperature changes.

Disadvantages: may turn yellow.

4.MONTBLANC

Some of the best plastic windows are products from the MONTBLANC brand. The company obtains raw materials for production from world-famous manufacturers. All materials undergo strict quality checks. The range includes a wide variety of profiles: for balconies and loggias, windows with interesting and complex design shapes, for office premises, standard.

When decorating the interior of a room with a “wood” look, you can emphasize the originality of the design using the MONTBLANC window profile with laminate inserts.

Advantages:

• quality and durability;
• availability of additional equipment;
• a wide range of;
• made in modern design;
• design options for any openings;
• frost resistance;
• sound insulation;
• retain heat well.

Disadvantages: none found.

Approximate cost of MONTBLANC ECO 60 (3 cameras): 2600 – 2700 rubles.

5. Proplex

The company produces very good windows that are excellent for any Russian region. The manufacturer makes products from special polymer materials, which increases frost resistance and heat retention. Most people speak positively about the products of this brand, but point out the only drawback - the window can sag and close poorly.

The protective film is removed immediately after installation, otherwise it will be very difficult to remove from the window surface.

Advantages:

• do not turn yellow, thanks to special additives to the PVC base;
• durability (at least 60 years);
• resistance to any weather conditions;
• low noise level in the room;
• fire protection - the composition includes fire retardants that do not burn;
• environmentally friendly.

Flaws:

• do not close tightly enough;
• some models are outdated.

Approximate cost of a double-leaf window (1450*1420): 7900 – 8500 rubles.

6. SALAMANDER

The best profile of SALAMANDER plastic windows is suitable even for the Stalinist dimensions of old houses. This brand is distinguished by impeccable German quality; products are manufactured using innovative technologies and are durable and reliable.

Rubber gaskets between the profiles provide special tightness. The result is the absence of drafts and excellent thermal insulation.

Advantages:

• high sound insulation;
• Burglar-resistant designs available
• plastic does not turn yellow.

Flaws:

• the appearance of condensation in the cold season;
• high price.

Prices for window profiles are quite high, but it is better to spend money once in your life on truly high-quality products than to replace windows every year. The service life of SALAMANDER products is about 45 years.

7. Kaleva

The Kaleva company began its activities with a relatively small start-up capital. In modern times, it is the largest manufacturing company the best windows and has won awards for quality products three times.

The Kaleva plant produces up to 2,700 window blocks per day. The use of high-quality equipment helps ensure uninterrupted operation and production of excellent quality plastic windows.

Advantages:

• wide range of models;
• argon filling;
• high noise insulation;
• reliable design;
• use of bleaching additives in the manufacture of windows;
• various color schemes.

Disadvantages: high cost (one double-hung window will cost more than 10,000 rubles)

8.Deceuninck

The Deceuninck company is one of the three leaders in the production of the best window profiles and supplies products in 75 countries. All products are manufactured taking into account environmental safety requirements.

In the Deceuninck product line you can choose the most suitable option that matches your financial capabilities. The company provides both luxury and budget models.

Advantages:

• great design;
• convenient glazing beads with a latch that firmly press the double-glazed window;
• good sound insulation.

• icing in severe frost;
• the appearance of condensation;
• the presence of a draft from a double-glazed window.

The cost of a window with dimensions 500*500 is 1400 rubles.

9. SOK (Samara window designs)

The Russian company SOK creates the best profile for windows among domestic producers. High-quality products and low cost are the main indicators inherent in this brand. The main criterion in the manufacture of window blocks is the tightness and strength of the structure.

Depending on wishes, the buyer can purchase tinted, tempered or energy-saving double-glazed windows from the SOK product line.

• tightness;
• low prices;
• a wide range of;
• high sound insulation.

Cons: use of insufficiently durable materials in manufacturing.

Estimated price of a 3-chamber double-glazed window: 9,000 – 10,000 rubles.

10. Panorama

The company has been manufacturing window blocks since 2003 and has already established itself as one of best brands on the Russian market.

For the production of windows, German profiles and only environmentally friendly materials are used.

The company's employees are qualified specialists, whose invaluable experience helps in producing only the best quality products.

• acceptable prices;
• quality;
• Product warranty period is 5 years;
• environmental friendliness.

Cons: none found.

11. Schuco

On the Marka.guru portal we select only the best manufacturers of plastic windows, and the Schuco company completes the rating. Profile parts and fittings are supplied to the company in Germany.

To protect from sunlight, special elements are used in the manufacturing technology, thanks to which the plastic does not turn yellow.

Advantages:

• modern design;
• reliability of design;
• possibility of remote control;
• protection against heat loss;
• high sound insulation.

Disadvantages: the appearance of condensation.

Conclusion

A properly selected window will help create warmth and comfort in your home. Using the rating, you can choose the best manufacturer of double-glazed windows. All of these companies produce high-quality products using environmentally friendly materials. It is permissible to install such plastic windows even in children's institutions.

Anton Tsugunov

Reading time: 25 minutes

PVC windows dominate the construction market. Why are they so good? What are the highest quality plastic windows? We will try to answer these, as well as many other questions, in detail.

Expert opinion

Anton Tsugunov

Hello, friends!

Let me clarify right away that a window is not easy. good profile or an expensive double-glazed window. A window is a complex technological product and its quality is influenced by many components. In the article we tried to reveal all aspects that affect the efficiency and reliability of the design.

I personally participated in the installation and operation more than 200 window units, so I tried to give your recommendations under each important point.

For convenience, use the table of contents, it is active! When you click, you will be taken to the desired section of this useful material.

Design

Metal-plastic (plastic) windows, despite their apparent external simplicity and unpretentiousness, consist of many parts, some of which are not visible upon superficial inspection. Each component has its own purpose, they are all a product of innovative production.

Main components of the structure:

• fastening strips - glazing beads.

TO components also include:

• low tides;

In summer, windows for ventilation of rooms for a long time open. And to prevent insects from entering the house, they are equipped with removable mosquito nets.

PVC window systems are reliable, convenient, and quite inexpensive. Their advantages also include a high level of maintainability. If any window component fails, it can be easily ordered and replaced.

What plastic for windows can be: quality and properties

For the production of frames, two types of PVC are used: matte and glossy.

Samples of the first type are cheaper, but their surface is slightly rough, which can be felt with your hand. Such frames absorb dirt like sponges and gradually turn from white to gray with streaks. Clean them thoroughly using standard detergents will not work.

Samples of the second type are more expensive, they are also easy to identify by touch - the surface is smooth, as if polished. Such frames repel dirt and are easy to clean with conventional tools and products. In order not to run into low-quality goods, it is better to buy metal-plastic windows from well-known brands.

In addition to many advantages, polyvinyl chloride also has disadvantages that companies producing window units are forced to take into account.

Here are the main ones:

• Low level of strength. This is compensated by reinforcing steel inserts. The structure is also equipped with internal partitions of a certain thickness, which act as additional stiffeners.
• Low resistance to temperature changes, low resistance to ultraviolet rays. This can be eliminated by adding stabilizing as well as modifying particles to the polyvinyl chloride composition. In high-quality PVC they are not hazardous to health.

If a metal-plastic window is a source of an unpleasant pungent odor, then you should refrain from purchasing it. Most likely, an unscrupulous company saved on quality additives by replacing them with cadmium or lead.

• Significant level of linear expansion. The indicator is one to two millimeters per 1000 millimeters of profile length. This feature of the material is mitigated by reinforcement, precise calculation of fasteners, and compensating gaps are also provided in the design.

What does a PVC profile consist of?

The plastic frame is not uniform. In addition to the plastic base, it includes profile reinforcing elements and sealing gaskets.

Read more about how to choose a PVC profile in our separate section.

The window plastic base is made of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), two-thirds of this material consists of a type of chlorine that is not hazardous to health. This type of plastic does not emit a characteristic odor, does not collapse under the influence of low temperatures in winter (maximum - 25 degrees), and retains its given shape in extremely hot weather in summer (up to + 65 degrees).

PVC structures have good waterproofing properties and a high level of moisture resistance. PVC window systems are suitable not only for the living room or bedroom, but also for rooms with high humidity levels (kitchen, bathroom).

Rubber gaskets ensure the tightness of the window system; they seal the contours of the frame and glass unit. This type of seal is specially designed: if it becomes unusable, it will not be possible to change it without special skill; you will have to call a specialist. The sealing of the sashes and seats of double-glazed windows is standard and can be easily replaced if necessary.

In order for the double-glazed windows to sit firmly in their seats, plastic fastening strips - glazing beads - are used.

Classes and installation width of the profile according to GOST

Historically, the installation width (the distance between two outer planes) of wooden window systems in multi-storey residential buildings in the countries of the former USSR ranged from 58 to 60 millimeters. These dimensions, according to calculations, correspond to the temperature specific climate of Eastern Europe. Most plastic windows that have replaced outdated wooden windows have a similar installation width. The indicated overall dimensions are sufficient for installing a three-chamber system, which is popular in our market.

If the apartment is located at the top of a high-rise building or the local climate is characterized by strong winds and low temperatures, then a four- or five-chamber model should be installed. This window has an installation width of 70 millimeters.

There is no direct relationship between the width of the frame and the number of cameras. For example, there are models with three chambers, with a mounting width of 90 millimeters. The thermal insulation parameters in such a window system are much better than those of multi-chamber analogues.

This is explained by the fact that the thermal insulation properties are improved not by the number of chambers, but by their dimensions and the volume of air mass contained in them.

The main characteristic of a PVC window profile is the thickness of the front walls and lintels of the internal part. Dimensions, types and other parameters of all components of window systems are regulated by the technical conditions of regulations. In the European Union these standards are EN 12608 SR. Companies in the territory of the former USSR are guided by the following standards:

The technical conditions of the regulations are almost identical; according to these documents, the profile is classified into three groups:

• A-class samples. The smallest value of the thickness of the front wall is 2.8 millimeters, the same indicator for the internal partition is 2.5.
• B-class samples. The minimum thickness of the front wall is 2.5 millimeters, the same indicator for the partition of the internal part is 2.
• Samples of the C-class. This group includes a profile whose parameters do not correspond to the first two classes; it is called object. Typically, the wall thickness of object samples is less than the similar parameters of A and B-class models.

The scope of application of A-class metal-plastic windows is heated residential premises; B-class - installation in unheated and heated buildings is possible; C-class - only in buildings without heating.

B-class windows are less durable in comparison with A-class analogues, their service life is shorter. C-class samples most often represent a monolithic system.

Number of air chambers

In metal-plastic windows, air chambers have a dual purpose.

• Firstly, they prevent heat exchange between air masses indoors and outdoors (thermal insulation function).
• Secondly, they strengthen the structure of the window frame, contributing to the tightness, strength and long service life of the window.

Temperatures in rooms and in the environment during the cold season vary significantly, which contributes to the formation of water droplets in the cavities of the window system. To remove moisture outside, special holes are provided (on the “street” surface of the profile). They do not affect the thermal insulation performance of the system. To prevent the channels from being noticeable, they are covered with special plugs.

Low-quality cheap PVC windows do not always have such technological holes (they are made at the factory, their presence should be checked).

The most popular are three- and five-chamber frames. If the apartment is located in the lower part of a multi-storey building, the window openings face south or west, there are no highways or any noisy objects under the windows, then it is enough to install a three-chamber sample (profile thickness 58 millimeters). The location of the apartment on a high floor, openings facing north or east, a highway near the house - this is a reason for installing a five-chamber window system (profile thickness 70 millimeters).

Several years ago, companies began to make samples in which the chambers were not air mass, but polystyrene foam. With such a filler, a smaller number of chambers in the profile contributes to a higher level of thermal insulation, which is indexed by a special coefficient.

The five-chamber sample corresponds to a thermal resistance coefficient value equal to 0.72 units, and the three-chamber sample – 0.64 units.

Reinforcement

To prevent the plastic base of the windows from deforming during operation, it is reinforced, that is, inserted into cavities around the perimeter of the frame metal elements. They are made from steel strip one and a half to two millimeters thick. The workpieces are usually coated with a layer of white zinc, this protects them from corrosion.

It comes with a cross-section in the shape of the letter “P” or in the shape of a square. The second type can withstand significant loads, so window systems with large dimensions are reinforced only with blanks with a square cross-section.

If the length of the frame is less than 80 centimeters, then according to the regulations, reinforcement is not required.

Profile Options

A metal-plastic window block is a complex system consisting of many components. Polyvinyl chloride profile is used not only for the production of frames, but also for other purposes, for example: when joining window systems at an angle, when fitting, and so on.

The main types of this profile:

• . This type is used for glazing complex structures, the components of which are located in different planes, located at an angle to each other. Typically, such work is carried out in winter gardens, greenhouses, loggias, and unconventional balconies.
• . Not always sizes seat are standard and correspond to the installation dimensions of the window unit. In such circumstances, an additional profile is used for adjustment. Its standard width ranges from 20 to 100 millimeters.
• . This PVC element facilitates reliable installation of ebb and flow sills and protects the structure from damage during storage and transportation. Standard dimensions(in millimeters): depth - from 20 to 40, height - from 20 to 30, length - 6000. Depending on the climate, choose a profile with two or three chambers.
• . It is used when installing slopes and connecting them together. It is divided according to the shape of the section, which resembles the letters of the English alphabet (F, I, L, double L). This type of profile is connected with glue or hardware.
• Drain strip. A PVC part that protects the window from rainwater entering when the sash is folded back. Many companies neglect this useful component, although not all models can install it. A drainage strip is not installed on colored window blocks due to the risk of deformation at high temperatures.

Colored windows

Most people choose window systems made of white PVC, but there is also a demand for them, although such windows are noticeably more expensive. The properties of the colored profile differ from white.

For example: colored ones get hotter in the summer. Therefore, in order to avoid deformations, even small-sized parts should be reinforced.

In the production of colored PVC components, acrylic dyes, lamination, spraying, etc. are used. In elite models, multi-colored figured plates are used. The surface of the window itself can be not only flat, but also rounded, corrugated, etc.

How to choose a profile, quality certificates

The market for metal-plastic window systems is overflowing with products different companies. When buying a window, you always want to pay less, but still want the product to be of high quality. However, a good window from a famous brand cannot be cheap, and the high price is compensated by its long trouble-free operation. A window unit of dubious origin will quickly break, and you will have to spend money again on buying a new, higher-quality model.

What should you pay attention to when choosing? In order not to run into a fake and to be one hundred percent sure of the quality, you should purchase goods only from a well-known world brand with an impeccable reputation and a long history of work in the market. The profile must be pleasant to look at, smooth to the touch, without defects or noticeable unpleasant odors. The dimensions of the window system must correspond to the dimensions of the opening; it is necessary that the thermal and sound insulation parameters of the profile correspond to the specific location of the apartment and the climate.

Products must be accompanied by an international quality certificate ISO 9000 and ISO 9001.

• Strength must match DIN 53453 and ISO 179-61.
• Durability of plastic - to DIN 53387 standard.
• Profile hardness - DIN 53456.
• Resistance to high temperatures - DIN 53460 and ISO 306-68.

Most companies produce metal-plastic windows not only for apartments or houses, but also for technical non-residential premises. Such a profile is called an object profile; upon a quick inspection, it is almost indistinguishable from a normal one; there is no marking or there is an inscription “object”.

However, physical and mechanical characteristics of object samples are much worse, Low-grade PVC. To avoid becoming a victim of deception, you can only buy windows from large, well-known retail chains.

Double-glazed windows: design, planting depth, decorative elements

– one of the main components of the window unit, which makes up about 80% of its area. It is responsible for the light permeability of the window and its thermal insulation capabilities. The quality of installation of a glass block in a profile depends on the depth of the seat. In good models, the distance between the frontal plane of the profile section and the outer glass should not be less than 15 millimeters. The optimal value of this indicator for a window system seat depth of 50–70 millimeters is 18 millimeters. Insufficient planting depth of the glass block will lead to fogging or freezing of the windows.

The glass unit consists of sheet glass and chambers filled with an air-gas mixture. To protect the unit from the influence of the external environment, spacers are used. On the outside, viscous compositions are applied to them. polymer based(sealants), which are applied in several layers along its perimeter. These polymer compositions also prevent the gas mixture in the cavity of the glass block from leaking. To prevent moisture from forming in the inside of the glass unit, a layer of granules is placed in the frame to absorb it.

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There are several types of distance frames:

• aluminum;
• steel;
• plastic.

The latter, in turn, are of different types:

• thermoplastic frames (TPS);
• Swingle Strip;
• Super Spacer.

Aluminum is considered the coldest, followed by steel, and plastic spacers are the warmest. For example, the Super Spacer product retains 80% more heat than its aluminum counterpart.

To improve the functionality of the double-glazed window, the air chambers of some models are equipped with decorative devices. Usually these are interlacing curtains, roller blinds, and blinds.

In this case, the smallest permissible thickness of the chamber should be 20 millimeters. The components are not serviceable due to the nature of the glass block design. They are controlled either manually using handles or by an electric (magnetic) drive.

Types of glass used

An ordinary buyer without special skill will not be able to determine the type of glass in the window system that he is going to buy. Visually, they are very similar, so we can only hope for the integrity of the manufacturing company, which declares this or that type of material in the accompanying documents.

We list their main types:

• Energy efficient. A thin layer of silver and titanium oxides is sprayed onto the surface of the glass, the particles of which can only be seen under a microscope. Silver plating reflects the flow of thermal energy. There are K and I models. It is the latter that are used more often, since their production is simpler and they have more positive properties. If energy-efficient I-glass is installed on the inside (facing the room) of the window unit, then it reflects heat from the room inside, and during the cold season the apartment will be noticeably warmer. If it is installed on the outside (facing the street), the heat from the sun’s rays does not penetrate inside, and in hot weather the room will be cooler.

The ideal solution: assemble a two-chamber thermal package from two i-glasses and one regular one in the middle.

You can check such glass by holding a flame from a candle or lighter. The reflection will be double, the second should be dimmer than the first.

• Multifunctional. During production, metal molecules are applied to their surface crosswise and in several layers. This allows infrared radiation to be reflected both externally and internally. Therefore, in winter it will be 80% warmer than with ordinary glass, and in summer there will be no greenhouse effect, and you can save energy on cooling the room. The disadvantage is lower light transmittance (by 20%).
• Sun protection. When apartment windows are exposed to direct sunlight in summer, the air in the room quickly heats up. You can prevent this by installing tinted double-glazed windows. A thin film is glued to the surface of the glass, which creates the declared effect by absorbing sunlight.
• Laminated (armored). Such models are made using the technology for manufacturing car windshields: a sample consists of several thin layers glued together. This manufacturing method provides high strength glass blocks that can withstand significant mechanical shocks. In the event of destruction, the canvas does not fall apart into many sharp parts, but is covered with a network of cracks. In addition, these models provide a high level of sound insulation.
• Hardened (stalinite). As a result of special heat treatment, stalinite receives a safety margin six to seven times greater than that of untreated glass. Able to withstand significant mechanical shocks; when destroyed, sharp parts are not formed.
• Reinforced. For reinforcement, metal or transparent plastic mesh is used. This glass has a high level of safety and strength. Improves anti-vandal and anti-burglary properties of windows.

• Self-cleaning. A layer of a special substance is sprayed onto the outer surface of the glass, which prevents dirt from accumulating. At the same time, the window block always maintains a high level of light transmittance.

Almost all types are made on the basis of float glass, which are cast sheets. They are cast at a temperature of 1000 degrees and have an almost perfectly smooth surface.

Dimensions of double-glazed windows

The widely popular window units use sheet glass of various types, the thickness of which ranges from 3 to 6 millimeters. It is irrational to use thicker ones in residential buildings. Sheets with a thickness of 8, 10, 12 millimeters are cast according to special orders and are used in buildings with non-traditional architectural solutions or at special-purpose facilities. About 90% of all double-glazed windows produced are 24, 26, 32 millimeters thick. With such standardization, it is easy to find a replacement for a broken block.

The physical properties of glass impose some restrictions on the dimensions and proportions of structures made from this material. The side length of the glass block should not be less than 300 millimeters, and the maximum possible proportions are five to one. For a double-glazed window with one chamber, where the glass thickness is 4 millimeters, the largest allowable area is 3 square meters. If the thickness is 5 millimeters, the permissible area is 4.2 square meters.

Depending on the location of the apartment, as well as local climatic conditions, the number of cameras in the glass block is selected. Almost always the choice is between one or two chambers; such samples fully satisfy all the requirements for thermal insulation.

There are window systems with three or four chambers in a glass block, but they are too heavy (some up to 100 kilograms). Significant weight makes operation difficult and quickly damages the fittings. If, when installing a single- or double-glazed window, there remains a need for additional thermal or sound insulation, then there are alternative methods for these purposes.

Sealing of double-glazed windows

In order for the air chamber of the glass block of the window to maintain high thermal insulation properties, and the glass to remain transparent, a two-layer seal is performed along its perimeter (edges). The first layer is a non-hardening, viscous, butyl-based composition that protects the chamber from contact with the external environment.

The sealant is not affected by thermal deformation; the spacer perforated frame slides over the glass without damaging it. The second (upper) layer is a hardening, viscous-flowing composition on a polymer base, which, due to its elastic properties, maintains the tightness of the glass unit during thermal deformations.

Filling the air chambers

The main requirements for a window system, in addition to light transmittance and the ability to ventilate rooms, are good thermal insulation and sound insulation. The level of these parameters largely depends on the contents of the glass block chamber. Initially, companies producing metal-plastic windows pumped dry air into the glass unit, the properties of which met the requirements for the level of thermal insulation and sound insulation. However, there are more efficient gas mixtures. It's about about noble gases: krypton and argon. They are colorless, odorless, have low thermal conductivity, and a high ability to absorb sound waves.

If we compare the performance of the air mixture and the indicated inert gases, it turns out that the thermal conductivity of argon is lower by a third, and krypton – by two thirds. Many specialized brands are gradually abandoning pumping air into the chambers of the glass block and using more efficient inert gases.

Purpose of the spacer frame

In order not to reduce the level of all declared properties and characteristics, the design of the plastic window must remain constant geometric parameters. A significant role in fulfilling this condition is played by the spacer between the sheets of glass, called the spacer frame. This part has a dual purpose:

• First: it guarantees the constancy of the thickness of the air chamber of the glass unit, that is, the gap between the glasses.
• Second: the spacer frame is filled with moisture-absorbing granules. To communicate between the moisture-absorbing layer and the gas filling of the chamber, the surface of the frame is perforated. This system prevents the glass from freezing or fogging up.

In most cases, the width of the spacer frame is from 10 to 16 millimeters, the maximum permissible dimensions are from 6 to 24 millimeters.

If the dimensions of the gasket described do not fit into the permitted range, then a noticeable increase in the thermal conductivity of the glass unit and disruption of the original shape of the glass is possible.

Typically the gasket is made of metal: aluminum alloy, zinc coated steel or high alloy steel (stainless steel). Its thermal conductivity coefficient is lower than that of other metals used, but stainless steel frames are more expensive and heavier.

The disadvantage of metal gaskets is their higher thermal conductivity compared to the same gas parameter in the chamber of a glass block. This difference somewhat reduces the thermal insulation efficiency of the window unit. Some companies, in order to mitigate the disadvantage, make spacer frames from polymer materials.

Performance characteristics of double-glazed windows

Metal-plastic windows differ in many ways from their archaic wooden counterparts; one of the main advantages is the versatility of the glass block and its complex design.

A double-glazed window is characterized by many parameters. The main ones:

• Thermal conductivity. 80% of the window system area is made up of glass block. Therefore, if you put a thin double-glazed window into a frame with even five or six cameras, the overall energy efficiency of the window system will be very low. In a high-quality design, the heat transfer resistance of all components should be equally high. To achieve maximum values ​​of this indicator for a glass block, there are three methods: increase the number of chambers, replace the air in them with a more efficient gas mixture, and also apply a special coating to the glass. Each of these methods has advantages and disadvantages, and a good sample should strike a balance between the different methods. For example: the more cameras, the higher the weight of the structure, which means its operation becomes more complicated, and the price increases significantly. A more effective and promising method of reducing the thermal conductivity of a window system is the injection of inert gases into the chamber, as well as a special glass coating (silver and titanium oxide). Concomitant use Such techniques increase the energy efficiency of a window by up to 70%.

• Sound insulation. To improve this parameter, three methods are usually used. First: pumping inert gas (argon, krypton) into the chamber, which increases sound insulation by 10%. Second: increasing the dimensions of the spacer frame; every two millimeters of the width of this spacer increases sound insulation by 10%. Third: installation of acoustic films on glass and installation of triplex on the outer contour of the double-glazed window.

• Safety. For all its advantages, glass has significant disadvantages - fragility, the appearance of fragments when it is destroyed. Three methods are also used to increase strength. First: the use of stalinite, its hardness is five to seven times higher than conventional samples. Heat treatment does not deteriorate other characteristics of the material, such as light transmittance, thermal conductivity, sound insulation level, etc. Second: the use of the triplex method, when the glass consists of several thin sheets glued together, alternating with a transparent polymer film. When destroyed, such a sample does not break up into fragments, since they are held in place by the film. Third: reinforcement; a mesh of polymer or metal is used as a reinforcing layer.

• Sun protection properties. To neutralize the unwanted effects of direct ultraviolet rays, you can use mirrored or tinted glass, which absorb and reflect about half of the solar radiation.

Signs of poor quality glass

Only a specialist can reliably determine the quality of a glass block of a window system. However, there are a number of signs indicating questionable quality of the product, which can be seen without special skills:

• Marking designation. It includes the company's trademark, release date, and information about components. If there is no marking, then this is grounds for suspicion of the dubious origin of the product.
• Integrity and transparency of the glass surface. During inspection, no chips, cracks, etc. should be found. Condensation cannot accumulate inside the bag.
• Quality of sealing: assumes that the spacer frame is free of traces and fragments of mastic, and the top polymer layer applied along the outer perimeter of the glass block is uniform, without bumps or cracks. If the sealing is carried out carelessly, it is better to refuse the purchase.
• Compliance with proportions and dimensions. You should use a tape measure to measure the glass diagonally, and if the lengths differ by 3 millimeters or more, then the geometry of the block is not consistent. Using a caliper you can measure the thickness of the block in different points, the maximum permissible deviation is 1 millimeter.

Attentiveness and a couple of basic measuring tools will help determine how high-quality the window is. If any of the listed signs of dishonest work are detected, the product cannot be purchased, even if its price is low.

Number of seal circuits

One of the main advantages of metal-plastic window systems over traditional wooden ones is their tightness. To achieve it and maintain it throughout the entire period of operation, sealing contours are used that prevent cold air from entering in winter and moisture in summer, and retain heat in the room. They also contribute to achieving a given level of sound insulation.

The sealant is pressed into the grooves of the profile along the entire perimeter. There are models with two as well as three sealing circuits. The first option: one circuit is installed on the street side, the other in the apartment along the perimeter of the doors. Second option: to the two indicated, another row of the sealing element is added, the third contour is laid in the middle of the fold of the sashes. Models of the second option, of course, are more expensive.

According to the location of the sealing contours, plastic windows are divided into three categories:

• One inside, one outside. This type is the most popular; most companies choose it. The internal element retains its declared properties longer, since it is not subject to the destructive effects of the environment. The outer element gradually loses its integrity and original properties, moisture penetrates inside the window block. However, due to the specific geometry of the window, water is drained through holes in the profile. Disadvantages: if the external seal loses its declared qualities, the thermal insulation properties of the entire system are significantly reduced. Due to moisture penetration, the fittings rust and fail.

• One inside, the second in the middle of the fold of the sashes. A more reliable option than the previous one. The outer element is located outside the area of ​​direct exposure to the environment, so it retains its properties longer. The specificity of its location protects the fittings from the ingress of water, which is drained through drainage systems. Another advantage of this option: the wind presses outer element to the stop, increasing the tightness of the system.

• One inside, the second in the middle of the fold of the sashes, the third outside. The middle element forms a pair of air chambers, the first collects and removes moisture, the other contains fittings that are not exposed to water.

Expert opinion

Anton Tsugunov

Construction expert. Entrepreneur. 15 years of experience. More than 100 completed objects.

Does it make sense to overpay for enhanced sealing of the window unit?
This option has a slight effect on the cost of the window. Thanks to the triple seal, the service life of the fittings is significantly extended, the thermal circuit retains its declared properties longer, and the level of thermal and sound insulation increases.

Types of sealant, requirements for it

Basic requirements for sealing material: strength, elasticity, preservation of the declared properties during thermal changes, safety for health, color fastness throughout the entire period of operation.

The most common types of seals are:

• . Advantages: change shape when compressed, suitable for automatic assembly of a window block, easy to weld, inexpensive, can be replaced by the user without special skills. Disadvantages: at extreme temperatures and constant exposure to the sun's rays they quickly deteriorate.

• . Advantages: wear resistance, not afraid of extreme temperatures and environmental influences. Disadvantages: high cost, not always available in retail.

• . Advantages: wear resistance, not afraid of extreme temperatures and environmental influences, cheaper than silicone sealant. Disadvantages: you need to call a specialist to replace it.

• . Advantages: the same as silicone or EPDM, plus low price and possibility self-replacement. Disadvantages: Extreme temperatures and constant exposure to sunlight will degrade.

• . Advantages: quickly restore shape after compression, are not afraid of extreme temperatures, as well as environmental influences, high level of thermal and sound insulation, retain color throughout the entire period of operation. Disadvantages: if the integrity of the shell is damaged, they lose their properties, you need to call a specialist to replace them, high cost.

In order for the sealing material to last as long as possible, it should be cleaned and lubricated a couple of times a year (before summer and winter). To do this, you cannot use solvents; it is better to wash the seal with water and a neutral detergent. When it dries, lubricate it with glycerin or silicone oil.

Glazing beads: purpose, types

The function of glazing beads in metal-plastic windows is to secure the glass block in the frame. In addition, this detail contributes to a high level of sealing, as well as thermal and sound insulation of the entire window system. For its installation, a landing groove is provided in the profile. The bead is a long strip of polyvinyl chloride, equipped with a rubber seal. Over time, it wears out and the glazing beads have to be replaced. This process is simple and does not require special skills. In order not to disturb the style of the window unit, the new slats must match the frame in color.

The described components are classified according to the shape of the profile section: it can be square, round, or figured. For window systems with one camera, wide beads are used, with three - narrow, with four - reinforced. In stores you can find the described parts not only made of polyvinyl chloride, but also of glass composite, which are identical in properties to their PVC counterparts.

Accessories: characteristics, types, popular brands

Such important parameters of the window system as thermal and sound insulation and light transmittance depend on the frame and glass block. performs no less important functions; the comfort of using the entire system and service life depend on its quality. Fittings are not only a set of devices (hinges, latches, handles), but also a well-coordinated mechanism responsible for opening and closing the doors in all positions, air exchange, and sealing.

The fittings are installed around the entire perimeter of the frame. Its main types:

• Turning. Similar to the mechanism used in wooden window systems, the sashes rotate around axes in a vertical plane.
• Sliding. The frame moves in the plane of the opening. This mechanism is suitable for large-area window systems, for glazing balconies and loggias.
• Folding. Rotation of the valves is possible along horizontal axes, the rotation angle is 180 degrees. To comply with this parameter, a special limiter is installed. The transoms can be tilted down and up.
• Universal. The most complex sample: the doors rotate around axes in a vertical plane, and also recline along horizontal axes with the lower edge being fixed. One of the options is selected by moving the handle to a specified position.

The permissible design load on the fitting mechanisms ranges from 50 to 135 kilograms. This is enough for window units installed in many apartments. Conventional, relatively inexpensive equipment, which is installed in most popular windows, should theoretically smoothly work out 10 thousand consecutive manipulations (closing, opening, ventilation mode, etc.). Expensive mechanisms produced by famous brands are designed for 50 thousand consecutive actions. All fittings must be made of alloy steel. The use of less durable metals is allowed only for components that do not experience stress. The use of plastic in the mechanism is unacceptable.

If these rules are not followed, then there is no doubt that such accessories are a low-quality fake.

The most famous specialized companies: Siegenia-Aubi, Maco, Winkhaus, Roto, GU (Gretsch-Unitas).

Accessories for fittings

The described mechanism consists of many devices and parts that provide ease of use of the window system, here are the main ones:

• . Installed along the inside of the frame perimeter, purpose: to ensure tight closure of the sash. The minimum quantity of these parts is four units. If there are fewer of them, the tightness will be broken and the thermal insulation properties of the window will decrease.

• Locking device. The device protects the mechanism from damage due to incorrect actions and contributes to a high level of safety in using the window unit. You can check its presence like this: move the open sash to the folding position with the handle, if the transom hangs only on the lower hinges, there is no blocking device.

• . There are the following: hidden (opening angle 100 degrees), screw-in (mounted on threaded pins), overhead. Parts of the overhead type are collapsible, non-dismountable, tilt-and-turn, rotary, and with increased security (against burglary). In the fitting mechanism, hinges are conventionally divided into samples of the lower or upper group.

• . High-quality models are made of aluminum alloy or brass, covered with plastic on the outside. Cheap, made of plastic, they break quickly. There are increased security handles (anti-burglary), they are equipped with a locking device that prevents the door from opening from the outside. Based on their shape, they are divided into curly and flat. The highest quality products are from the Roto and Maco brands.

• . These units ensure displacement of the locking device in the corners, transferring the sash to a tilt-and-turn state, and consist of steel plates.

• . These fittings protect the window unit from unauthorized opening. The trunnions are installed together with the bars (reciprocal, locking), do not require adjustments (automatically adjusted depending on the rebate play), and ensure smooth operation of the locking device.

• . These elements must ensure all manipulations with the window (closing, opening, tilting). There are three types: main, intermediate, auxiliary. The auxiliary ones are located near the hinges and are responsible for the tight narthex of the frame. The main ones depend on the type of fitting mechanism. As a rule, auxiliary ones are various anti-burglary locks.

If, when using a window system, a backlash appears in the operation of the locking fittings or, conversely, the movement of the mechanism is difficult, it means that it needs adjustment. If you do not have special skills, it is better to call a specialist to make adjustments.

Slopes and ebbs

The installation of the window unit is completed. These are fragments of the opening framing the window along the perimeter from the street and apartment sides. Their finishing plays a rational and aesthetic role.

• Rational: the level of thermal insulation increases, as well as the service life of the entire system.
• Aesthetic: a window with trim on slopes looks beautiful.

There are several finishing options: plaster, plasterboard, plastic sandwich panels. Plastering slopes is used, as a rule, in public or industrial buildings. Advantages: wear resistance, versatility, simplicity of the process, low price. Main disadvantage: low level of thermal insulation.

Slopes made of plasterboard are in demand, which is laid on a layer of thermal insulation material, then the surface is primed, covered with a building compound, and painted. The advantages of this finish include a high level of thermal insulation and a long service life. Disadvantages: complex, time-consuming installation, can only be used from the side of the room.

Most rational option slope treatment - installation of plastic sandwich panels. This building material repels moisture, is impervious to steam, is characterized by a high level of thermal insulation, and does not develop fungus or mold. You can also add quick, simple installation, versatility, and a long service life to the advantages. There is only one drawback: the relatively high cost.

The joints of adjacent slopes should be sealed with liquid plastic, which is similar in composition to PVC, while the integrity and shape of the butt seams are not compromised throughout the entire period of operation. Silicone cannot be used for these purposes, since it will not protect the slopes from mold; after a few weeks, the integrity of the seams will be compromised, and everything will have to be redone.

The flashing is mounted in the lower part of the opening from the street side, it is a sheet with a curved edge, made of plastic or iron, of different dimensions. In addition to its decorative purpose, this finishing detail protects the wall, as well as the window, from the influence of the external environment, and drains melt or rain water.

In order for the ebb to perform the listed tasks, it is important to follow the installation rules:

• The sheet is installed at an angle towards the street.
• The ebb is inserted into the groove under the window and screwed to the stand profile, but not to the front part of the window!
• There should be no gaps between it and the wall.

Most often, the casting is made from thin (thickness from 0.5 to 1 millimeter) rolled steel. The workpiece is coated with layers of white zinc, polymer, and varnish, this contributes to a long period of operation. The dimensions of the workpiece depend on the window opening; the standard width (overhang) is 14, 18, 25, 45 centimeters.

To soundproof the ebb, its reverse (bottom) side is covered with a layer of material that absorbs vibrations. And the ebb itself is additionally glued to the mounting foam.

Additional features of PVC windows

The popularity of plastic window systems is explained not only by their characteristics and stylish appearance, but also by their versatility. The main functions have already been described in this article; we list some additional ones:

• Mosquito sections. It is a plastic frame with a polyester mesh of different capacity. Purpose: when the window sashes are open, prevent insects, fluff, and dust from entering the room. It is fixed in the frame on special mounting angles or pressed with metal brackets.

There are also magnetic, Velcro and roll nets. The latter are very comfortable, do not require removal, you just need to lift them up like roller blinds. The downside is the high price and difficulty in maintaining cleanliness. Frame mosquito nets can always be easily removed, washed and placed on the balcony or in the closet.

• For cat owners, there are samples with reinforced mesh that maintains integrity after contact with the animal’s claws.

• Ventilation valve. Mounted in the upper sector of the window profile, purpose: automatic air exchange that does not require opening the sashes. Advantages: the ability to adjust the air exchange rate, the device is easy to clean with a vacuum cleaner, there is no noise during operation, there is no need to connect it to the electrical network. There are models (recuperators) that, due to their design features, use the thermal energy of the exhaust air mass to heat the supply air mass.

• Devices for adjustable air exchange: comb, rotation limiter, lock for stepwise tilt of the sash. The restrictive comb is designed to fix the window sash, while ensuring ventilation of the room in the specified mode. The width of the gap between the sash and the frame ranges from 1 to 7 centimeters. The comb will not allow small children or pets to open the window wider, which is an additional safety measure.

• The rotation limiter secures the sash at a distance of 6 to 8 centimeters from the frame; this gap is enough for the influx of fresh air mass. The lock for stepwise tilt of the sash works in a similar way.

• Slit ventilation. An air exchange mode in which air flows from the street through a gap (4-5 millimeters wide) in the upper sector of the window. The gap is formed when the handle is turned 45 degrees upward.

• This function is also called “winter ventilation”, since it does not create drafts and significant heat loss.

• Child protection. Child locks do not allow the child to open the door wider. The most commonly used devices are those that block the rotation of transoms; The handles are removable and lockable with a key.

Companies producing plastic translucent systems are constantly improving their design, so the number of additional options will increase.

Window sills for metal-plastic windows

In addition to decorative ones, they have many practical purposes. For example: a shelf for pots with vegetation, a place for a child to play, a sitting area for a cat, an additional countertop in the kitchen for storing utensils or household appliances. Specialized companies produce samples from different materials, colors, dimensions. Window sills made of PVC, chipboard or MDF, stone (natural, artificial), and wood are in demand.

• Stone ones are environmentally safe, durable, and can withstand heavy loads. Disadvantages include significant cost and weight.
• Wooden window sills, again, are environmentally safe, beautiful, and pleasant to the touch. However, they have many disadvantages: rapid wear, high cost (especially if made from valuable wood), and they are afraid of condensation.
• Options made from MDF or chipboard are not exposed to moisture, temperature changes, ultraviolet radiation, and are cheap. Disadvantages: low level of strength, presence of different chemical compositions(glue, resin, etc.).
• PVC window sills have almost no drawbacks, except that we can mention that they are made of non-natural material. There are many advantages: they are not afraid of moisture, temperature changes, ultraviolet rays, cheap, durable, high level of thermal insulation, easy to clean. They can withstand significant loads, the magnitude of which depends on the number of stiffeners.

– this is not the type of work that can be done without special skills, equipment and materials. For installation, you should hire specialists from a specialized company that has been working in this field for a long time. A competent master will observe all the nuances of the installation technology: a standard protrusion from 5 to 10 centimeters long, the angle of inclination of the window sill plane, etc. Such work requires skill in using certain building mixtures, adhesives, polyurethane foam, and hardware.

Options for window system models

The block can consist of one leaf or several. There are four standard models of metal-plastic windows from which blocks are formed:

• Deaf. There is no opening flap, simple design, the cheapest example. Used in corridors public buildings or in rooms where the openings are located too high.
• Rotary. The opening sash rotates around its axis in a vertical plane. There are no restrictions on use; they can be used anywhere.
• Folding. The sash opens partially in the upper sector of the window and is located at an angle to the plane of the frame. They are installed in sanitary facilities, bathhouses, and entrances of apartment buildings.
• Tilt-and-turn. The most convenient model, the transom opens as in the rotary and tilting models, the option is selected by turning the handle. There are no restrictions on use; they can be used anywhere.

HELPFUL INFORMATION: What types of electrical outlets are there?

The number of opening options in the block, as well as their type, depend on the characteristics of the room; one system may include fixed, turning, and tilting windows.

Production

Some companies that produce translucent PVC structures own the full production cycle, while others assemble blocks from purchased components. The first group includes large companies that have been operating in the core market for a long time. Owning the full cycle, they control the quality of the product at all stages of its production. Large companies also invest significant money in innovative developments.

Using this business model, they produce the highest quality window systems in compliance with all norms and standards. The second category includes newcomers or companies that are initially focused only on assembly. Some try to reduce production costs as much as possible while purchasing low-quality components.

Companies producing translucent PVC structures are required to have certificates of conformity, such as RAL and DIN EN ISO 9001:2000.

Both the brands themselves and third-party companies install metal-plastic windows.

PVC profiles are made by extrusion; the raw materials include polyvinyl chloride granules, stabilizing and modifying elements, titanium oxide, dyes, etc. PVC granules are produced almost all over the world. PVC blanks are made using extruders. Before turning into a part for a metal-plastic window, they are processed on many machines. Equipment used: milling cutters, miter saws, drilling and reinforcing machines, clamps, welding machines, etc.

The impact of PVC windows on health and the environment

The development of global industry over the past 150 years has led to significant damage to the ecosystems of our planet. Therefore, safety for health and nature of any product produced by production methods is one of the most important parameters. Polyvinyl chloride is an unnatural material obtained by chemical synthesis. However, it is not dangerous to health, this is confirmed by many independent examinations conducted by research centers around the world. Of particular concern were some additives that provide PVC blanks with the declared qualities, but new technologies completely neutralize the possible harmful effects of these additives.

Environmentalists were also concerned about the presence of lead in the profile and adhesive composition, which was used to attach the laminating film. Older models used lead to prevent the blanks from losing their original color; moreover, these were passive lead compounds that do not pose a threat to the environment. New models no longer contain lead; it has been replaced with zinc and calcium compounds. They also use safe polyurethane adhesive.

The problem of plastic recycling is acute, but it mainly concerns plastic containers and packaging. There are two methods for recycling used PVC profiles.

• First: using it as an unconventional raw material for generating electrical energy (pyrolysis method). The specificity of the process eliminates toxic emissions into the surrounding ecosystem.
• Second: recycling the old profile into raw materials for the new one. Translucent PVC structures are designed to last for half a century, so gradually there will be more methods for their effective recycling.

Summarizing the above facts, we can conclude: metal-plastic windows are safe.

The quality and long period of uninterrupted operation of a window system depend on two components: the properties of the window itself and compliance with installation technology. The stores offer products from the EU, China, Turkey; the best plastic windows are made by well-known European companies, especially German ones. European analogues are more expensive than others, but not dramatically; such windows, if the operating rules are followed, will last 40-50 years.

Expert opinion

Anton Tsugunov

Construction expert. Entrepreneur. 15 years of experience. More than 100 completed objects.

Installation is an equally important component. According to statistics, 80% of problem situations when using PVC windows are a consequence of violations of installation technology. It is best to order the installation from a branch of a well-known European company that owns the full production cycle. Such a contractor always carries out the installation efficiently, draws up the relevant documents, and issues a warranty card for the use of the window.

If it is not possible to order installation services from a European manufacturer, then you should choose a third-party contractor with a good reputation. Information of this kind is available on the Internet, you can easily find out: how long this company has been operating, what are the customer reviews, what are the guarantees, etc. It is better not to contact a contractor who is little known or offers too low prices. Even if the installation is done by a reputable company, it is still worth monitoring the progress of the work.

Installers must use a special construction foam composition (for example, “Tytan”). To dry and protect the foam layer from ultraviolet radiation, a special sealing tape (PSUL) must be used. It is hidden from the sun's rays external slopes or stripes.

Which windows are better to install in an apartment (by room)

Here are some more tips for installing different window systems in rooms of an apartment for various purposes (recommendations are designed for the average European climate):

• For the living room, a four- or five-chamber profile with a glass block with one or two chambers is suitable. Filling the chambers with air will be enough; it is not necessary to overpay for models with inert gas. You can also refuse energy-efficient glass.
• The office has to be ventilated frequently, and sound insulation is also important for the workplace. Therefore, a profile with five chambers is suitable for it, a glass block with two or three. Due to frequent ventilation, a high-quality fitting mechanism is important.
• The children's room and bedroom should be warm; the same windows as in the office are suitable, but you can choose models with inert gas in the double-glazed window and energy-efficient glass.
• The kitchen does not require a high level of sound or thermal insulation, so a profile with three chambers is suitable for it, a glass block with one or two. Due to frequent ventilation, a high-quality fitting mechanism is necessary; you can also install a ventilation valve.

Features of winter installation, removal of construction waste

There is an opinion that replacing windows should only be done in spring or summer, but this is nothing more than a myth. Replacement is possible in winter, it just has a number of features, although there are still temperature restrictions.

• The minimum temperature at which such work is allowed is 15 degrees below zero. At lower values ​​it loses its properties polyurethane foam, rubber tanning sealing materials, as a result of which it is impossible to adjust the shutters.
• The window unit cannot be installed “from wheels”; it should be brought into the apartment a day before installation, this will eliminate thermal deformation of the window components.
• When replacing, foam sealing compounds of a special frost-resistant type are used.
• Among the equipment there must be a “heat gun”, which is used to heat joints with foam on the outside, waterproofing tapes, as well as PSUL. To avoid cooling the room, you can use a heat shield during installation.

You cannot place old windows and bags of construction waste near trash cans in the yard; you can get a fine for this.

The waste along with the dismantled frames should be taken to the city waste disposal site. When concluding an agreement with a company, it is better to include this item in the mandatory list of works and pay for it. All major contractors provide similar services. An alternative option: call a small company specializing in transportation; they usually provide similar services.

Rating of plastic windows by quality in 2019

What plastic window systems are best to install? The answer to this question depends on taste, financial capabilities, and the specific location of the apartment or house.

Here are the most popular brands of high quality:

Editor's choice: VEKA, REHAU and KBE. These are the most common and time-tested profile manufacturers!

• VEKA (Germany). About half a century of work. Models: SOFTLINE, SWIGLINE, EUROLINE, ALPHLINE, SOFTLINE 82, PROLINE. Price: about 10,000 rubles.
• REHAU (Germany). 70 years of work. Models: SIB-DESIGN, INTELIO, BLITZ, GENEO, BRILLANT-DESIGN, EURO-DESIGN. Advantages: high quality, large assortment. Disadvantages: significant cost. Price: about 10,000 rubles.
• KBE (Germany). Almost 40 years of work. Models: KVE SELECT, KVE 88, KVE ENERGY, KVE EXPERT, KVE EXPERT PLUS. Advantages: high quality, large selection, relatively low price. Price: about 7500 rubles.
• SALAMANDER (Germany). 45 years of work. Models: Design 2D, Streamline, Design 3D. Advantages: high quality, original appearance. Disadvantages: significant cost. Price: about 15,000 rubles.
• MONTBLANC (Germany). 13 years of work. Models: LOGIC, QUADRO 70, CITY 120, TERMO 60, ECO Advantages: high quality, low price. Disadvantages: products are not certified for post-Soviet space. Price: about 7500 rubles.
• KALEVA (Russia). 20 years of work. Models: Kaleva Design, Kaleva Vita, Kaleva Standart, Kaleva Deco. Advantages: high quality, original appearance. Disadvantages: significant cost. Price: about 10,000 rubles.
• PROPLEX (Russia). Almost 20 years of work. Models: PROPLEX-Premium, PROPLEX-Optima, PROPLEX-Lux, PROPLEX-Comfort. Advantages: low price. Disadvantages: some models are outdated. Price: about 8500 rubles.
• DECEUNINCK (Belgium). 20 years of work. Models: FORWARD, FAVORITE, EFORTE, FAVORITE SPACE. Advantages: high quality. Disadvantages: some models are outdated, high price. Price: about 10,500 rubles.
• TROCAL (Germany). 60 years of work. Models: InnoWave, InnoNova 70A5, Balance. Advantages: high quality. Disadvantages: high price. Price: about 10,000 rubles.
• ALUPLAST (Germany). 40 years of work. Models: IDEAL 2000, IDEAL 4000, IDEAL 7000, IDEAL Advantages: large selection, high quality. Disadvantages: high price. Price: about 10,000 rubles.
• SOK (Russia). Almost 15 years of work. Models: SOK-570, SOK-470. Advantages: high quality. Disadvantages: incomplete production cycle, small range, high price. Price: about 12,000 rubles.
• SCHUCO (Germany). 30 years of work. Models: Schuco AWS 65 BS, Schuco AWS 112 IC, Schuco AWS 90 SI. Advantages: high quality. Disadvantages: high price. Price: about 10,000 rubles.
• LG Chem (South Korea). 35 years of work. Models: L 600, L 700. Advantages: high quality, stylish look. Disadvantages: high price. Price: about 15,000 rubles.
• WDS (Ukraine). 15 years of work. Models: WDS 8 Series, WDS 7 Series, WDS 400, WDS Advantages: good quality, adaptation to the post-Soviet market, low price. Disadvantages: some models have PVC that darkens over time. Price: about 7,000 rubles.
• PANORAMA (Russia). 15 years of work. Models: Standard, Standard Plus, Premium. Advantages: good quality, low price. Disadvantages: incomplete production cycle, small range. Price: about 7500 rubles.
• EXPROF (Russia). 17 years of work. Models: EXPROF AeroTherma, EXPROF Profecta, EXPROF Suprema, EXPROF Profecta Plus. Advantages: good quality, large selection, low price. Disadvantages: some models have PVC that darkens over time. Price: about 7500 rubles.
• GEALAN (Germany). About half a century of work. Models: Gealan S 9000, Gealan S 8000 IQ, Gealan S 3000, Gealan FUTURA. Advantages: high quality profiles and fittings, large assortment. Disadvantages: significant cost. Price: about 12,000 rubles.
• BRUSBOX (Russia). 15 years of work. Models: BRUSBOX Aero, BRUSBOX Super Aero. Advantages: good quality, low price. Disadvantages: small range. Price: about 8,000 rubles.
• WINTECH (Türkiye). 20 years of work. Models: Thermotech 752, PoletechW80, Isotech 532. Advantages: good quality. Disadvantages: high cost. Price: about 10,000 rubles.

Prices are indicated for window systems with three sashes; prices may vary between different retailers.

Which profile for plastic windows did you choose?