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Floristry is one of the types of applied art. It allows you to create masterpieces from natural materials. The result is collages, bouquets, panels, compositions. This art direction allows you to express your creativity and learn technical techniques. Only flowers and leaves are used in this work.

Beginning florists should try making simple arrangements in the form of bouquets. For creative person such a hobby can become a real passion. It is very easy to create unusual works from natural materials by following the lessons and advice of experienced florists. There are no identical flowers or leaves in nature, so the work always turns out to be unique.

Getting started with flowers

After watching the lesson on making bouquets, you immediately need to think about what to make it from.

Choose the right material

You can use both live and dry ingredients. Materials are divided into categories: exotic, field and others. There are plants that will universally fit into any bouquet. For example, Irises or Sunflowers.

I mainly use the following materials:

Some plants don't go well together. They tend to release substances into the water that poison other plants. It is customary to keep roses, carnations and lilies separately from others.

Gift bouquets have their own characteristics. Flowers have always had their own meaning. The colors also convey a certain message. Even the packaging matters.

Using too many different flowers (more than 4 types) makes the arrangement look heavy, cluttered or too rustic. A bouquet from a novice florist should be different from a selection of wildflowers.

Etiquette in floristry is increasingly developing. More and more attention is being paid to it. If flowers can convey the feelings of the giver, then the composition can have the meaning of a full-fledged postcard.

According to the canons of design in any field perfect combination- these are three primary colors. With regard to arranging bouquets, this rule also applies. A beginner will demonstrate good taste if he sticks to a modest color palette.

The quality of flowers, especially fresh ones, is a very important factor. The arranged bouquet will look careless if there are spots on the leaves or the stem is limp. There are techniques for preserving fresh flowers in good condition: store at suitable temperature, cut the stems at an angle, clear them of leaves and shoots to the water level. The cut needs to be renewed sometimes - the flowers will last longer.

Bouquets of dried flowers have a number of advantages:

Durable.
Simple composition design.
No additional care required.
They stand without water in a vase or even in wooden blanks.
Additional coloring adds brightness and uniqueness to the bouquet.
Dark corners of the house are suitable so that the bouquet does not fade.

Select song

There are several basic compositions that will help beginners assemble bouquets of fresh and dried flowers very quickly and efficiently.

Using Similar Colors. This technique of making bouquets is the most popular among non-professionals. Peonies, irises, Dutch roses, Dutch roses, lilacs, violets are easy to arrange.
The struggle and unity of opposites in contrasting compositions. They turn out to be one of the most spectacular and brightest. Using basic colors makes bouquets interesting. Making bouquets from fresh flowers will be especially simple and interesting for beginners. Contrast can be achieved through light and dark shades.
Combination of different colors one saturation. For this I use a tint circle. There are special computer programs, allowing you to see the colors combined with a particular shade. This helps artists and web designers work. A novice florist can train his sense of color thanks to them.
Combination of colors of the same color, But different shades. The bouquet looks like a gradient.

Composition is also affected by the shape and size of objects. They must be proportional to each other.

Tools for beginner florists

All these items are needed to get started. With experience, you can choose other devices.

Styles in the art of floristry

Formolinear style, characterized by a restrained amount of materials and shapes. The bouquet consists of only one flowers.

Massive style - an arrangement characterized by large shapes and soft lines. First, the main part of the bouquet is composed, and then all the voids are filled in to achieve smooth lines.

Creative floristry - non-standard forms are used and priority is given to the uniqueness of the product.

Mixed style is the combination of several styles into unusual compositions.

Bouquets for women are more streamlined and round, while bouquets for men are more elongated.

Spring bouquet: step-by-step instructions

Floristry master class for beginners in a few simple steps. Even a child can repeat the lesson on making this bouquet.

Prepare your tools. Trim pale pink peonies so that the stem is 45 cm long. Remove any leaves from the stem that will be in the water.
Choose the largest flower, add others of smaller size to it. They should be placed just below the main flower. Point the bouquet with the buds towards you to see how they are arranged.
The stems of the flowers should be at an angle of 45 degrees in relation to each other.
We fill the bouquet until it is the desired volume. Now you can secure it with floral tape. Close the fixation with a satin ribbon.
Align the stems so that the buds are at the same level. Wrap them in transparent packaging.

The bouquet is ready. Buds of pink peonies can be diluted with white ones.

Video master class

Floristry will allow you to do unique gift loved ones or decorate a celebration. Even a beginner can make a bouquet of flowers step by step by following the steps in the master class.

Making creative products from plants will be easy if you follow the techniques from the master class. It describes in detail the composition, creation of shape and selection of color shades.

Floristry in modern world represents a real art, which is on a par with the creation works of art, fills people's hearts with incredible inspiration.

In this case, the materials for creating floral compositions are, in most cases, natural materials. But how can you learn to use them in floral works so that they look presentable, and the created decor is suitable for decorating various interiors or events?

This can be done by mastering the basics of floristry, where you can find out answers to such exciting questions as: “Where should a florist start when assembling bouquets?”, “What basic compositions do you need to know,” “What rules for composing bouquets exist?”

Beginning florists should study the theory in search of answers to questions, in order to further dilute it with practice to achieve the height of mastery in the profession.

Where do you need to start training in floristry?

Floristry training should begin with learning the important principles of composition.

A correctly composed composition will have the following characteristics:

1. Harmony – the overall impression of the composition should be close to ideal;
2. Composition design – before creating a bouquet, it is important for each florist to decide on the general concept and style of execution. What styles are used in floristry can be found in the article “Types of bouquets in floristry”;
3. Variety of textures and structures – in a successful composition, florists know how to correctly combine different flowers according to their type.

Plants have different surfaces, such as velvet, glossy, matte, brocade, rustic. Therefore, it is important to learn how to combine them in such a way that they start playing. For example, it is better to combine shiny flowers with matte greenery, and vice versa.

In addition to texture, it is worth paying attention to the structure of plants, which, depending on the type of plant, is divided into three forms: large, medium and small. In every floristic work you need to be able to correctly arrange them with each other.

1. Good color – a correctly selected color scheme will concentrate attention on the composition, and not push away from it. Learn color combination possible using color wheel(details in the article “”);
2. Dynamic and focal point

The dynamics of the composition are determined by correctly selected materials and arrangement of elements. Any person, looking at such a bouquet, will move his gaze from one part to another.

But at the same time, there will be focal points in the arrangement that will attract the most attention.

There can be one or several focal centers. They create such an attractive dominant by combining different plant textures, unusual leaf shapes and colors, different levels setting and revealing colors;

Proportionality – the composition should look proportionate when composed of different elements, such as, for example, a vessel or stand, plants and flowers. The law of the Golden Ratio helps to achieve correct proportionality;
Balance – balance and stability of the composition is achieved through correct placement colors. Balance in a symmetrical composition is easily achieved by using identical parts. But in an asymmetrical bouquet, when the center of the axis is shifted, balancing is created not only by the arrangement of plants, but also by fasteners or a correctly selected vessel.

And creating different kinds flower arrangements it is necessary to rely on these principles. Some of them are worth studying more closely.

Combination of textures in floral arrangements

Plant texture is the external visual characteristic of plants. This is an important factor in arranging bouquets, which florist masters skillfully use.

Thanks to the competent combination of plants of different textures, professionals are able to create incredibly beautiful flower presentations.

And novice florists should learn this. To do this, they need to understand what surfaces plants have and what their name is.

The following textured surfaces are distinguished:

How should flowers be combined according to the textures in a bouquet? This should be done either in contrast, for example, wool and rustic layout, or similar, for example, brocade and silky layout. At the same time, do not forget about the compatibility of flowers with each other in a bouquet.

Arrangement of plants according to structure in a bouquet

Plants differ in their structure, so some have large leaves and small inflorescences, others have large buds, others are elongated, and others are low. But in order for the bouquet to look harmonious, it is necessary to correctly arrange the various plants with each other.

In this regard, in floristry, flowers are divided according to their meaning into three groups:

Large - These are dominant flowers that do not really need arranging. These include, for example, delphiniums, lilies and peonies. Such plants should not be mixed with each other, but it is better to combine them with small ones. These bouquets will look voluminous and expressive.
Average – can be used in any combination, both large and small. In the first case, when created in a composition, they can be placed below the large ones, and in the second case, above the small ones. Carnations, roses and eustomas are prominent representatives of this group;
Small – flowers of this group fill bouquets. If a separate composition is created from plants, then they take up little space and are collected en masse. Such plants are more likely to be placed in small vases, pots or baskets in the interior. Bush aster, daisies, matricaria and forget-me-nots are representatives of the group.

In addition, the growth of plants is taken into account, which can be not only upright, but also twisting and flowing. Florists also consider all these features when composing bouquets.

Rule of proportions "Golden ratio"

The golden ratio in floristry is the fundamental principle that every beginner should know on the path to achieving the heights of floristic mastery.

This rule is that the harmony of the bouquet lies in a certain adherence to proportions that balance the parts of the composition and allow it to look like a single and whole floral work.

The golden ratio rule in floristry uses the basis of the theory of Pythagorean proportions and Fibonacci numbers. In simple and understandable words, this means that when composing compositions, you should be guided by certain mathematical relationships during assembly.

In floristry, such ratios are 2:3 and 3:5:8. Masters cope with such proportions by eye, but beginners have a more difficult time, since at first it is difficult for them to understand how to correctly arrange the parts of the composition.

But over time, with more practice, any novice florist will be able to masterfully create bouquets using the golden ratio rule.

The most important thing on the path to success is to remember that the following proportions should be observed when creating compositions:

Height proportion

For example, for a composition in a vase, the height of the vessel is initially measured. We take the proportion 2:3. If the vase is tall, then its proportion will be 3 parts, the top of the composition will be lower and its proportion will be equal to 2 parts. And vice versa.

Regarding the bouquet, the proportions are calculated from the middle of the bunch. And it’s better to take 3:5. Moreover, the first proportion is the bottom, and the second is the top.

Length proportion– depending on the length or diameter of the vessel, the width of the composition is calculated;
Proportion of height and length- a little more complicated. In this case, the work is placed horizontally, but the proportions are calculated based on the height of the vessel. The diameter and massiveness of the center of the floral work will depend on the length of the composition. The ratio is 3:5:8. If it is violated, optical disharmony will arise.
Proportion of mass of material used

Used when creating asymmetrical compositions. The grouping is in the ratio 3:5:8 in this order - the main part in the proportion 8, the far one in the proportion 5, the near one in the proportion 3.

The principle of proportionality applies in this way to both symmetrical and asymmetrical compositions. Therefore, moving from the rule of proportions to further study of the basis of floristic craftsmanship, we are talking about the symmetry and asymmetry of bouquets.

Symmetry and asymmetry in compositions

Observing different bouquets in photos posted on social networks such as Instagram or Facebook, it is worth noting that the compositions look either symmetrical or asymmetrical.

It's done professionally. Florists deliberately distribute the material in their work differently so that this arrangement of the material, depending on the selected flowers, looks lively and attractive.

Therefore, symmetry and asymmetry in composition is an equally important part of teaching floristry, not only in theory, but also in practice.

Setting up the material begins with identifying the geometric axis. If the material is equidistant from its middle, then we will talk about symmetry. If the material is placed freely on the left and right sides of the center, then there is asymmetry.

Symmetrical compositions build from the center of gravity of the axis. This means that the main motif of the work will be displayed in the middle. In this case, symmetry is divided into the following types:

Vertical;
Horizontal;
Radial (typical of round compositions);
Mirror (the optical effect is achieved due to the similarity of colors);
Group.

Group symmetry is more complex than other types. In it, both the optical structure and the arrangement of the material in adjacent compositions should be similar.

Florists use symmetry when creating decorative compositions for arranging various celebrations and anniversaries, creating floral design for offices.

Asymmetry in composition unlike symmetry, it is not placed on the axis, but deviates from it. At the same time, florists maintain the balance of the composition due to optical weight balance.

In asymmetry when creating compositions, the following rules can be distinguished:

Dissymmetry is created intuitively so that the work looks natural, similar to nature;
Visual balance in work is achieved through the lever method, that is, the main group is placed to the left of the axis, and the second as a lever to the right and further;
The distance between parts depends on the size of the smaller group. How much smaller size groups, so farther it is located;
The balance of the composition is regulated by placing the parts of the composition at a distance from each other, in height and by approaching the geometric axis. Quite often, florists use the triangle method when creating floral works;
Dissymmetry is enhanced light colors plants, so they should be added to compositions.

Compositions of unusual design for a wedding, decoration of festive rooms for a birthday or themed holiday events, for example, fairy tales - all this allows you to show your imagination with the help of asymmetry.

Useful videos for beginner florists

The basics of floristry for beginners can be supplemented with the help of useful video tutorials. After all, not only theory is important for beginners, but also practice, which helps to improve in the study of this art.

We recommend learning floral art professionally at Ekaterina Andryukova’s online school. There is a special promotional code only for visitors to our website. SL84ECBA88, which entitles you to a 10% discount when purchasing any product from a florist school.

In addition to these videos, when starting to work with flower arrangements, you should constantly watch various master classes. Depending on what you need, you can use them in your practice.

Floristry is one of the varieties of design and decorative and applied art, which is embodied in the creation of compositions, collages, bouquets, and panels. Flower arrangements are creative and technical work. Usually the designer's goal is to express a theme or idea, an event, using only flowers and leaves. Floristry for beginners involves creating simple natural compositions, bouquets and collages. Floristry can become a real hobby for lovers of something beautiful, because you can create masterpieces with your own hands. So where to start?

Basics of the art of floristry

First you need to decide on the materials. Each flower has its own meaning. Various natural materials are used for work, for example, flowers, herbs, leaves, berries, chestnuts, nuts, etc. The materials used can be either dry or live.

If you want to create a gift bouquet, remember that azalea means devotion, gladiolus - constancy, calla - beauty and poise, lotus - good health and happiness, orchid - beauty, peony - fame and wealth. In addition, each shade has its own meaning. Red flowers symbolize passion and love, dark pink – gratitude, white – purity and innocence, purple – friendship, yellow – joy and prosperity. IN Lately Floral etiquette is receiving more and more attention. Therefore, by combining different flowers you can express feelings or gratitude.

When composing a flower arrangement, the appearance of the flowers is very important. When choosing flowers, pay attention to the foliage. It should be green, without brown spots. The stems should look as if they were recently cut from the flowerbed.

The main rule in floristry for beginners: more is not better. How instilled experienced designers They do not use more than three colors in their works. Bouquets with more than four types of flowers may seem crowded and too variegated, which spoils their appearance.

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Classification into types of compositions

Florists identify 4 ways to combine the colors of plants. The first is the use of similar colors, the second is a combination of contrasting colors located opposite each other, the third is a combination of different color wheels, the fourth is a combination of several shades of the same color.

Contrasting compositions look bright and unusual. To create such a bouquet you need to use “pure” colors. You can combine orange gerberas with blue irises to create an optimistic composition. For a romantic atmosphere, you should choose bed shades, choosing muted ones: blue colors in combination with soft pink or lilac with yellow-brown. While experimenting, try making a bouquet of flowers light shade and dark.

The bouquet may predominate specific color. As usual, florists use several flowers of similar shades for a harmonious combination. Such a bouquet can be composed in a transitional range of one tone. For example, for bright colors the background of the composition is made dimmer and darker, and for dark colors it is made darker and brighter. When creating a composition, you cannot pay attention only to color. Try to choose natural material of suitable size and shape.

When composing a flower arrangement, you need to prepare the plants and store them correctly during the work process. Place flowers in water by cutting their stems at an angle. Remove all growth and foliage that is below the water level. To maintain the freshness of flowers, you can use floral foam, which prevents the growth of bacteria. Almost all cut flowers are best stored at a temperature of +5 degrees. Gladioli, orchids, anthuriums are well preserved at +10 degrees. You can “revive” some fading flowers, for example, a rose, by placing the plant in a bath of water for 2 hours.

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Charming compositions of dried flowers

Compositions made from dried flowers look very beautiful. They are durable and require almost no further care. A bouquet of dried flowers can be made in decorative tree or vase. One of the most important stages when composing a bouquet, it means selecting the necessary flowers and drying them. You can choose tall roses and gladioli. Eucalyptus leaves, poppy flowers, yarrow, and dried fern leaves are suitable additions to the bouquet. As a rule, dried flowers are not very bright, so you can color the plants or use them as decoration additional elements, for example, peacock feathers.

The most popular composition of dried flowers is a regular bouquet. To create it you need dried flowers, a vase, decorative stones and filler. The bottom of the vase needs to be filled with floral foam. If you don’t have one, you can use a regular mounting room and fill it with cellophane, thereby preserving the walls of the vase. Trim the dried flower stems to the required length. You need to make a bouquet starting with the tallest flowers, which form the shape of the future composition. Rotate the vase as you add to it natural materials so that the bouquet looks harmonious from all sides. Stones should be added as desired. In a transparent vase, they will not only be a decoration, but will also make it more stable. The finished composition of dried flowers should be placed away from the window so that as little sunlight as possible gets in.

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Tools for the future florist

If you are seriously interested in designing from floral materials, then you will probably need tools. Floral foam is needed to secure flowers in the composition. Using flower pins, you can secure ribbons and moss in the desired place. Floral tape is needed to give the stem additional stability. You can also use it to hide floral wire, which is the main element in many works. To cut the wire you will need wire cutters. Other tools can be found in the arsenal of every gardener and florist: garden shears, pruning shears, etc. Scissors and pruning shears must be sharp so that the cut is always smooth. This is especially important when working with wooden twigs and thick-stemmed flowers.

Experienced florists often use glue gun and sticks. Thanks to these devices, you can fix the foam in the vessel. The gun can be used to make compositions from dried flowers and artificial flowers.

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Directions and styles of floristry

Europeans distinguish three areas of floristry: form-linear, vegetative and decorative. This classification was approved by Gregor Lersch and Daniel Ost. Peter Asman has cultivated 4 areas of floristry. In addition to the three styles listed above, there was one more - parallel. However, this direction was transferred to the category of arrangement of lines of plant materials. Currently, creative floristry is especially popular. This direction is characterized by originality of forms, sophistication and uniqueness.

Compositions made in a linear style are very easy to recognize. All plant materials are used rather sparingly. Any element is very important, just as the moment of using the space between materials is important. The peculiarity of the massive style is in its arrangement. These are volumetric forms with soft transitions. The florist creates the central part of the bouquet, and then gradually fills in the outlines of the arrangement. Compositions made in a mixed floristry style are very diverse. They are far from established rules arrangements of linear, massive or massive-linear style. Most likely, they harmoniously combine all styles.

Floristry is a fascinating activity that will give you many pleasant moments. By making a composition from flowers, twigs and leaves, you become closer to nature. Studying floristry as an element of design can not only provide an opportunity to explore new opportunities, but even develop into a real profession.

Each floral bouquet is a creative composition, which takes time to compile from master florists or amateurs. Masters make bouquets faster, having certain knowledge and skills, while non-professionals spend much more energy and effort on creating them.

But in order for the assembled composition to please with its appearance, it is necessary to have a good understanding not only of the art of assembling bouquets according to a certain shape and floral styles, but also of such classifications, in particular, for whom the bouquet is intended and what event it will highlight.

Therefore, both professionals and novice florists must navigate various classifications by type of bouquets in order to understand what composition they will collect in accordance with the wishes of customers.

Let's take a look at the most common existing floristic classifications.

Classification by shape

This classification is considered one of the fundamental ones for study; it is on it that many florists rely when composing bouquets.

Having learned to work with this classification, it will be possible to move further in the world of studying Floristry.

According to this classification, the following types of flower arrangements are distinguished:

A round bouquet is basically a spherical composition of regular shape, which is assembled from proportionate flowers with a dense arrangement. Proportionality means that flowers are selected the same in size, including buds.

At the same time, the colors of plants are not only monotonous, but multi-color inclusions and color textures are also allowed.

That's why important point The execution of assembling round bouquets depends on the arrangement of the material, and it can be as follows:

Circular concentric - flowers are arranged contrastingly in a circle with such alternation, for example, as large-small inflorescences of yellow and red flowers, and with the obligatory replacement of material in a new circle;
Spiral - a spiral path inside the bouquet is distinguished by a different shape of plants in a different color scheme;
Structural - they try to arrange the material in groups proportionally;
Diagonal – select opposite sectors with a diagonal and fill them.

Round bouquets can also be assembled using other modifications, which depend on the degree of skill of the florist. But in any case, this type of bouquet is the most common.

A cascading composition is a vertical bouquet collected in a downward direction. The base of this bouquet is made in the shape of a regular triangle with the apex at the bottom, and the flowers are arranged in a special way using the following techniques:

Placements on living stems;
Mixed, where more than 70 percent of fresh flowers and only 30 percent of taped flowers are combined together with special wire tires;
Placements on the portaquet;
English installation on wire stems, completely covered with fresh flowers;
Frame, where the base is made of birch, rattan or wire.

And the cascade effect itself is achieved using a floral arrangement, which comes in two types:

Regular cascade-drop– a flowing composition in which long plants are located at the bottom, and short ones are laid stepwise at the top;
Waterfall– a cascading bouquet, where the flowers are arranged exactly the opposite way, short plants are located at the bottom, and long plants in the form of a veil cover them from above.

Cascading bouquets of flowers are shown in the photo.

A bouquet on a frame is a technically complex composition of various shapes, the most common of which are a disk, an irregular spherical shape, a heart, and a cylinder.

To create a frame composition requires elaboration of the concept of the bouquet itself and a competent choice of flowers that undergo certain processing. Excess leaves on the stem are removed from flowers or taping is carried out. The plants are then placed on the frame.

When creating a frame, both artificial and natural materials. Therefore, the basis of a frame bouquet can be either wire, greenery or branches. The assembly of the base occurs according to a pre-drawn diagram. The frame is complemented with flax, feathers, sisal, rattan and other materials.

There are many options for creating frame compositions. But frame bouquets that are more popular than others are:

Fan– with the help of this bouquet you can create a romantic and poetic mood of the 19th century. You can decorate this floral arrangement with original antique embroidery, inserts of pearls and stones, ribbons and openwork braid;
coupling- a cylindrical composition, which is more often collected in winter than in summer, because such a bouquet can serve not only beautiful decoration, but also a practical thing and warm your hands with the help of fur placed inside the frame;
Handbag– the main advantage of this composition is that the bag is a favorite accessory of a woman’s wardrobe. And such a floral accessory will not only attract attention, but will make a woman stand out from the crowd.

Structural bouquets of non-standard shapes

In addition to the basic forms, the imagination of florists helps to construct bouquets and non-standard forms, for which artificial materials such as paper, wire, tape, porta bouquet and oasis sponge, and floral glue are very often used.

Among these forms, the following compositions stand out:

Glamelia is a decorative bouquet of a cone-shaped or hemispherical shape, which craftsmen create from the petals of fresh flowers using wire or glue. To create such bouquets, petals of gladioli, camellias or roses are often used;
Rod- this is a flower arrangement assembled either from plants on very long legs, or flowers secured with decorative wire and ribbon;
Cone– flowers are collected on an oasis sponge or porta bouquet in an elongated shape and placed in paper shaped like an inverted cone.

Along with this classification by form, a second specification that is of no small importance should be studied.

Classification by style

Modern floristry distinguishes several basic styles, thanks to which it is possible to create the ideal bouquet for any life event.

Vegetative style

The vegetative composition is a complex skillfully collected bouquet, which looks as natural as possible and close to natural conditions. Very often it is called a piece of nature, since its creation not only uses natural materials, but also takes into account the basic characteristics of the plant world.

When creating a vegetative bouquet, pay attention to the following factors:

Asymmetrical and symmetrical arrangement of plants;
Grouping, proportions and examples of growth in the natural environment;
Natural color and shape of plants;
Seasons - seasonality allows you to understand what materials should be combined.

This composition is minimally decorated, but despite this, it looks incredibly stylish and elegant.

Decorative style

Decorative style allows you to create bouquets in a single concept, sometimes from completely dissimilar materials. In this case, the plants lose their individuality, but this is more than compensated by the overall expressiveness of the bouquet.

The features of this style are the following:

Plants should fill the bouquet tightly to the center;
Both asymmetry and symmetry are allowed;
Various natural and artificial materials are used and grouped together in the work;
Color contrasts are used because color is very important in composition;
It is allowed to combine stylistic features of different eras;
Overall visual balance is maintained.

This style is quite bright and convenient to perform, so many florists prefer to use it in their work.

Shape - linear style

Contours, line and shape are the main elements of the form-linear style. They set the tone for the entire floral composition. Wherein an important condition The work becomes such a combination of elements in which the bouquet will acquire expressiveness.

This style has the following characteristics:

The use of many shapes and lines is not allowed;
The form must remain clear;
To create a bouquet you need a minimalist amount of material;
The arrangement of the material should be asymmetrical, although symmetry is sometimes allowed;
A combination of plant and artificial materials;
Contrasts and juxtapositions are used;
The bouquet should maintain space.

Bouquets in this style are very suitable for interior arrangements and various conceptual events.

One of the clear and understandable compositional styles is the massive style, which is also called style-form. The execution of these compositions is quite simple, but at the same time labor-intensive. The shapes of the bouquets are clear, for example, a cone, a heart or a ball, the main thing is to decide on the execution technique.

To assemble massive bouquets you can use various techniques, such as arrangement on the base, gluing, weaving, parallel or spiral assembly and others.

In addition, when using a form style, the following is recommended:

It is advisable to use no more than 3 types of material;
The composition does not need a center, so the bouquet must be filled tightly;
When assembling, you must adhere to a strictly chosen form;
If the bouquet involves a base, for example, a vase, then it should be compositionally combined with the bouquet.

It is worth additionally noting that the development of styles does not stand still and modern floristic schools have recently sought to highlight new directions, one of which in the near future may become a transparent style.

Classification by purpose

According to their purpose as a gift, the following types of flower bouquets are distinguished:

Perhaps the most common flower arrangements are bouquets created for beautiful ladies. And no matter how old this lady is, 10 or 50, every girl, girl or woman is always pleased to receive such a gift.

Women's bouquets embody the flight of fancy of any florist, because in their composition both heterogeneous materials are used, including unusual ones, as well as various forms of composition, as well as trends.

However, despite such a variety of women's bouquets, there are some important things that should be taken into account when composing them:

Female age - it is preferable for young girls to give flowers in pastel colors with delicate buds; for young women, richer and brighter shades are suitable; for older women, moderate colors are more suitable, where bright accents are allowed;
The degree of kinship and closeness is one of the most important factors. Flowers can be intended for a mother, wife, loved one in one case, or an acquaintance, friend, colleague in another case. In the first option, the bouquet is created with special care and tenderness, therefore the flowers are selected that will convey all the important feelings and attitudes. In the second case, it is better to focus on classic versions of bouquets with well-known flowers, among which the most common option is roses;
A woman’s preferences - regardless of all the rules, every woman loves flowers of certain shades, for one it is yellow, for another it is lilac, for a third it is scarlet. The same applies to the form of the composition. Therefore, it is important for the florist to know about this in order to select flowers of the desired shade and make the bouquet much more pleasant.

Men, just like women, can receive a flower bouquet as a gift. But the floral composition presented to a strong representative of humanity will be strikingly different from others.

A man's bouquet of flowers is distinguished by such character traits, How:

Lack of delicate colors, preference is given to bright, rich tones, for example, scarlet, blue and purple;
Using flowers that do not smell or stain clothes;
The use of an elongated assembly shape, pyramidal or triangular, and no round or spherical options;
Laconic textured packaging.

In this regard, not all flowers are suitable for decorating a male composition. Plants such as alstroemeria, gerberas, callas, irises and long varieties of roses will look stylish. A good addition they will have bamboo and holly greens.

It is also possible to add beautiful bottles with alcohol, coffee and various gift accessories to the composition.

Children's bouquets are made in the form of mini compositions. The most common types here are small bouquets, bouquets of animals or toys, for example, hares, bears, dolls, cars. Bouquets in the form of cartoon characters are also very popular.

Many flower bouquets are arranged in the form of compositions in a basket, box or bag with the addition of sweets or kinder surprises.

But the most important thing when composing such bouquets is to remember that they are intended for children, so we can highlight the following points that are important to consider when assembling:

Children love bright colors;
Flowers should not smell strongly so as not to cause allergies;
Children love toys and sweets;
The bouquet should not be heavy;
The artificial materials used must be harmless.

When starting work on creating a children's bouquet, it is advisable to first draw a sketch and then bring the drawing to life.

Classification by event

There are quite a lot of events in life, but there are several special ones, which are often decorated with floral bouquet arrangements.

Making wedding bouquets is one of the most interesting creative processes for florists, because a wedding is an incredibly impressive event, in the center of which one important person shines - the bride.

And the wedding day is special when any bride wants to look perfect. And it will help to emphasize this ideality beautiful bouquet in gentle hands.

But it is worth remembering that the assembly wedding bouquet depends on the following factors:

Wedding Event Colors;
External type of the bride;
The bride's favorite flowers;
The shape of the bouquet is selected based on the style of the wedding dress;
Harmony of the bride's image as a whole.

If the bouquet is poorly chosen and does not take into account these important factors, then the bride’s mood may deteriorate, and the entire event may not be successful.

To create wedding bouquets, florists take a variety of flowers, including hydrangeas, orchids, chrysanthemums, and exotic options. But the most popular among all is undoubtedly the rose.

More than a million times this flower with a wonderful name has been added to the composition. The rose looks great both in a mono- and multi-bouquet. Therefore, choosing a rose as the basis of a wedding bouquet, a florist will never go wrong.

New Year is a bright holiday associated with a snowy winter, a magical mood and gifts under the tree. And New Year's compositions fully convey the spirit of this holiday.

Florists create New Year's bouquets not only for gifting, but also as elements for decorating the interiors of apartments, houses and offices.

When composing these winter bouquets, coniferous branches, both natural and artificial, are used as the main materials. They are decorated with candles, pine cones, Christmas tree decorations and balls, sweets and lollipops, ribbons and tinsel.

The compositions also contain some flowers and fruits. Among the flowers, preference is traditionally given to amaryllis, carnations, gerberas, red roses and the Christmas flower - poinsettia. From fruits - citrus fruits, mainly oranges and tangerines.

Massive New Year's compositions are collected in large baskets and complemented along with festive elements with candy boxes, bottles of alcohol, such as martini or champagne. Interesting floral greenery is also added to such bouquets, among which hypericum is the most popular.

Floristry masters also design other types of New Year's bouquets, the contents of which depend only on personal wishes and preferences.

An anniversary reflects an important milestone in life and is expressed as a round date in the life of a person or an important event associated with some event.

A bouquet for such an event should be original and luxurious, and symbolize a wide range of feelings, including love and respect.

If the anniversary is connected with a birthday, then the personal preferences of the birthday boy or girl being presented are taken into account. But in the absence of preferences, women choose flowers in red, white and yellow shades, such as orchids, roses, chrysanthemums and eustomas. For men, blue and blue, red and orange shades are selected.

If the celebration is associated with a significant life date, then the compositions are made in an original form, the most suitable among which would be a bouquet of a heart, a bouquet of a ship, or flowers in a hat box.

Many companies to create cozy atmosphere During employee work, corporate events or to prepare meetings with partners, they decorate their offices with flower bouquets.

Floral arrangements in offices can be seen at conferences and seminars, round tables, presentations and negotiations.

For ordinary office events and when communicating with partners, preference is given to bouquets in strict and simple proportions of small volumes. Such bouquets are collected using a floral sponge and placed in small baskets, wooden pedestals or glass containers. The range of such bouquets can be monotonous or with small bright accents.

For festive corporate events, the compositions are colorful and elegant. They are placed in prominent places, decorating tables and important areas. Preference is given to plants with large flowers, such as anthurium, calla lilies, roses and large chrysanthemums.

Another interesting classification would be the grouping of bouquets by country.

Classification by country

Floristry as an art was formed for a long time. Each country had its own peculiarities in the formation of bouquets, thanks to which it was possible to distinguish, for example, a Dutch bouquet with tulips from an English bouquet with roses.

Over time, the boundaries were erased, and this is how, for example, American and European bouquets appeared. But some countries still have the distinctive features of bouquets.

Therefore, according to the history of floristry, the following classification by country is distinguished:

Old English traditions are displayed not only in the British lifestyle, but also in flower arrangements.

Special conditions when composing classic bouquets are:

No unopened buds;
Round or triangular shape, sometimes fan shape;
Assembling bouquets only from flowers without adding various elements for decoration;
The use of wild and garden flowers, among which are especially popular pansies, spray carnations, lavender, peonies, primroses and roses;
Symmetrical arrangement of flowers;
Low-contrast color scheme.

English Art Nouveau style bouquets differ from classic Victorian ones by deviating from the following rules:

Some asymmetry is allowed;
Not used a large number of flowers that are surrounded by branches, greenery or leaves;
Color contrasts and unusual combinations are possible.

In addition, it was in England that the first bouquets of dried flowers and leaves, preserved using a special technique, appeared.

Biedermeier- a bouquet whose origins go back to German roots. It appeared a couple of centuries ago, but quickly gained popularity. Initially, it was a small, symmetrically assembled lush bouquet with a carefully selected color scheme.

A little later, the bouquet was transformed and today its main features are as follows:

Rounded contour-closed shape of the assembly;
Color laying in layers from top to bottom;
The Biedermeier arrangement uses close placement of flower heads to each other;
Adding both fresh and dried flowers;
Artificial materials such as lace and ribbons, lightweight fabrics and sisal are carefully used to arrange Biedermeier designs.

In addition to artificial framing, greenery is also used, among which asparagus, mint, fern and eucalyptus are popular.

The special charm inherent in a French bouquet undoubtedly comes from its aroma. After all, the French, like no one else, know that a bouquet can attract attention not only with its external charm, but also with its aromatic content.

Therefore, the main features of the French bouquet are as follows:

The use of fragrant plants and flowers, such as gardenia, jasmine or lily. A small bouquet of spicy herbs, called Garni, is considered especially fragrant;
Pyramidal shape of the composition;
A large number of flowers in a bouquet of contrasting colors;
Arrangements of bouquets in an old style, such as Pompadour;
The use of pedestals for compositions, for example, flowerpots, vases, cups, goblets, jugs.

The country of Japan is truly unique in many of its traditions. Its oriental spirit is reflected in everything the Japanese touch, including floral bouquets.

This is why a Japanese bouquet looks like a work of art. And this art is called ikebana, which in Japanese sounds like “live flowers.”

The Japanese style of bouquet arrangement conveys the natural flow of life in nature, reflecting the different seasons. And despite the apparent simplicity of the compositions, making them is not so easy.

Traditionally, ikebana is created according to certain rules, and each bouquet should not only be harmonious and proportional, but also convey movement. And for this, the compositions are given a certain volume, asymmetry and lyricism of the author’s mood, which also depends on the time of year.

So in the spring, to express expression and revive life, Japanese florists use elongated flowering plants and greens with long stems.

For a blooming summer, voluminous compositions are made, consisting of wide leaves, bright and lush flowers.

In autumn, which brings with it nostalgia and memories, bouquets become more sophisticated. The masters choose flowers of more muted tones, and they are combined with dried flowers, tree branches and dried leaves.

And finally, in winter, during nature’s sleep, Japanese bouquets display calmness and tranquility, and sometimes a certain gloom and icy breath. When making bouquets, preference is given not to flowers, but to coniferous and berry branches.

There are other less common classifications of bouquets, but using the presented classifications you can select a large number of master classes.

Master classes on making bouquets

On the Internet you can find an abundance of lessons on making bouquets from various classifications.

In various master classes, florists show step by step how to correctly assemble flower arrangements. The most informative of them are video lessons.

So let's look at some interesting videos for teaching floristry:

Date of publication: 01/18/2017

Floristry today is not just a hobby, but also knowledge that makes our world more beautiful every day. There are many areas where these skills are widely used. Aesthetics is needed in decorating a holiday bouquet (for a wedding, anniversary, birthday or no reason), creating accessories from living plants (New Year's wreath, ikebana, flower arrangement in a basket, etc.), “living” decorations (hairpins or hoops, earrings with fresh flowers), etc.

A novice florist needs to know the basic rules of floral arrangement and decoration, thanks to which he can become very successful in this field. So, we recommend that you start mastering new knowledge.

Chroma

When creating any floral masterpiece, adhere to the rule of color harmony. The shade of a flower bud is, first of all, symbolism, so rich bright or pale pink carries absolutely different meanings. So, before making a flower arrangement, find out who it is for or what event it is intended for. Then choose the appropriate shades. A red rose symbolizes passion, a soft pink lily will help express a romantic mood, etc. Experts in the world of floristry still recommend using no more than 3 flowers in one bouquet/accessory.

Quantity

In floristry, it is important to maintain harmony in everything, even in the number of buds or other plants. If you are working with exotic flowers, then use them very selectively. Let Lisianthus, Dendrobium Orchid or Ranunculus be the centerpiece of your arrangement. They can be supplemented with less expensive plants to create a background. For example, in winter period You can use pine needles as a base. In spring or summer - Aralia leaf, Salal leaf, Aspidistra leaf, etc. To do this, you need to acquire an encyclopedia of flowers and study as much as possible more plants, learn to recognize them instantly.

Be sure to complement visual memorization with semantic ones. When a professional florist sees a specific flower, he knows not only its name, but also its symbolism. If you reach this level, then you will become a specialist.

In our country, it is customary to give an even number of flowers only on the occasion of a sad event - the death of a person. In all other cases, an odd number of buds is appropriate. However, in some countries it is quite normal to give a couple of roses to a living person. A highly professional florist should be interested in and national characteristics floristry in different countries. Only by expanding your knowledge can you become the best specialist in this field.

Form

There are basic floristic laws: for round bouquet– flowers are round in shape; for plants with sharp petals, asymmetrical design using floral paper, etc. is suitable. However, in matters of form, individual vision is also important here, as well as your own refined taste. You can, of course, find out the client’s preferences in order to build on his vision. The form, like other features of creating a floral composition, must be felt. Over time, you will learn to do this intuitively, but first we recommend sticking to harmony in the form of abundance.

Flower care

Living plants are expensive material, and also quickly deteriorate, so you need to know the basic rules for handling them:

Tools

The main tools of a florist are his hands, sense of style and knowledge. If you have all this, supplement your own floral “set” with the following universal devices:

stationery knife;
pruner;
stapler;
wire cutters;
awl;
scotch;
glue gun;
material for decoration: mesh, decorative spray, foil, beads, rhinestones, ribbons, wire, etc. (depending on the type of activity).

To form compositions, you may need a pomander, porta bouquet, piaflor, kenzan, boulka. You can purchase these products for attaching buds in a specialized store.

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