Homemade light helicopters design drawings. Let's build it and fly it: do-it-yourself helicopter
Who hasn't dreamed of having their own helicopter? Probably every child and every man thought about this. After all, men are big children. There is a lot of talk about helicopters different stories. For example, a girl who was carrying a box with a model of this device on the subway for her husband had never received such attention from other men. Naturally, those around her were not interested in the girl at all, but in this particular model.
Today you can buy almost anything. IN wide range The stores offer various models of airplanes or copters. But it’s easy to buy, and a homemade helicopter is very interesting. After all, here you need to come up with a design, think through the drive and motor down to the smallest detail, and make a control system. This a lot of work. This is usually done by technology enthusiasts or engineers in their free time. But there is information not only about the models of this flying equipment. There are very real flying cars embodied in metal.
Today you can even find entire subcultures of people who design, manufacture and fly such homemade airplanes and helicopters. These are real enthusiasts in this field.
First helicopter
Before you start making homemade devices, you need to figure out how this thing works, how it is designed, due to which it rises into the air.
The first helicopter was lifted into the air in 1907. For those who don't know, this happened 4 years after the first flights of the greatest inventors, the Wright brothers, in their homemade flying machine.
The helicopter was created by French sky lovers. The Breguet brothers gave their aircraft the name "gyroplane". He weighed about 578 kg. The gasoline engine had a power of 45 hp. With. The device was equipped with four main rotors with a diameter of 8.1 m. Also, 8 more blades were installed on each individual propeller. They were connected to each other in pairs. The helicopter also had four rotating biplane wings. Thus, the thrust of the flying structure was about 600 kg.
This is, one might say, a homemade helicopter. After all, they collected it from improvised means. As a result, he was able to rise 60 cm above the ground. The device hung above the surface for a minute.
The four-year difference between the invention of the airplane and the helicopter can only be explained by the complexity of the helicopter design.
Design
There are several types of copters. They are divided by type. These are single-screw, coaxial, as well as transverse and longitudinal. The first two are especially common. Let's see how these flying structures work. If you know how the device works, as well as its principle of operation, then assembling a homemade helicopter with your own hands will not be difficult, as long as you have the desire.
Single screw circuit
The structure consists of a fuselage, in front of which there is a cockpit to accommodate the pilots. The rest of the space is intended to accommodate passengers or cargo. On the right and left, next to the chassis, fuel tanks are mounted. The design also includes two gas-turbocharged engines. Each of them has a power of 1500 hp. With. There are air intakes at the front, right above the cockpit, and an exhaust system at the rear.
The most complex part in this design is the swashplate and main rotor, as well as the tail boom on which the tail rotor is mounted.
Coaxial scheme
The components of this machine are not much different from the previous type. In industrial and military vehicles, the motors are perhaps more powerful. Another difference is the presence of 2 main rotors. Helicopters built according to this principle do not have a control rotor. However, they are equipped with a vertical stabilizer.
How and why do they fly?
If you put the usual household fan on the wheelbase and run it at maximum power, then it, together with the base, will move in the direction opposite to the air flow. This is all due to the traction that is created by the element.
The same function is performed by a helicopter propeller. It is the last part that performs the main tasks of lifting the aircraft. The screw also makes the machine move in a horizontal plane. This is one of the most complex parts of a helicopter.
Rotor
This unit consists of a bushing and blades. The blades can be made in the form of a solid structure made of metal or a spar, as well as casing and fillers.
IN modern blades industrial and military helicopters are equipped with systems into which air is pumped fully automatically if the spar is damaged in any way. In 1963, the helicopter revolution occurred, and machine blades began to be produced on the basis of fiberglass. Today, such parts are used on most helicopters around the world. But, if you have access to the production of various elements from such material, a homemade helicopter can also be equipped with them.
In most cases, the blades were attached to the hub using hinges or various flexible elements. In helicopter construction, the three-joint design is especially common. It has a hinge in the horizontal plane, as well as a vertical and axial element.
When such a machine flies, the blades sometimes make a variety of movements. They can rotate around the horizontal axis of the screw and change their position with each revolution.
Blades and hinges
The hinges are located in a very strictly defined sequence at a certain distance from the center. First comes the horizontal, then the vertical, and at the end the axial hinge.
What is all this for? Here's what it's all about. The propeller blades rotate around their axis clockwise. At the 90 degree position, the speed at which the blades move in relation to the air currents is maximum. It consists of the speed at which the propeller rotates and the direct speed of the air moving towards the car.
On the opposite side given value minimal. It's from air flow. It would seem that such a speed difference cannot help lift the aircraft into the air. But no. Since the blades are attached to the hub by means of flexible elements, instead of tipping the machine, all that remains is to change the angle of inclination.
The process of lifting a helicopter into the sky and the flight itself occurs due to the fact that the angle of attack of the blades changes. This is synchronized with the engine thrust. To make it possible to synchronize the operation of the blades and motors, the so-called automatic angle of attack control, or skew element, was invented. This node has enough complex design. Therefore, it is not so easy to make a homemade helicopter swashplate. Although drawings of this unit exist.
DIY radio-controlled helicopters
Just about five years ago, radio-controlled models were a novelty for many. People came running to see this miracle. Today, such equipment is offered in a variety of configurations. Most prefer completely ready-made kits. But there are also parts for self-production.
Getting ready for assembly
If you want to assemble a helicopter on your own, then you should start with more simple circuits. In most cases, these are two rotors on one chassis. Such models have higher stability than their counterparts in the classical layout. This is an ideal option for those who have never flown. Also similar designs are ideal option, if you have to fly in enclosed spaces.
Before assembling a homemade mini-helicopter, you should use the basic rules. First you need to come up with or develop a scheme. Then you need to select the right materials and necessary tool. Threads, and especially in metal, are better placed on a thread locker. This is necessary for safety.
Necessary materials
To make such flying equipment, you will need plastic, fiberglass, wood, carbon and aluminum. You also need an engine, batteries, blades, a rotor, and a gearbox for the tail. In addition, you will need servos for control, electronic components, paint, glue and some small items.
Homemade radio-controlled helicopter in several stages
Now we will see how to make such a model from what everyone has in their garage. Assembly will be carried out in several steps. Let's look at them.
Frame
So, to get started we need a frame. The main parts and assemblies will be attached to it. This unit must have high rigidity. The stiffer the design, the better.
Sufficient for hobby equipment plastic frame of two halves. Bearings and other parts will be sandwiched between the two parts. Then the halves need to be tightened with self-tapping screws. If you managed to make a frame according to this principle, having pulled and fastened it correctly, you can consider that a third of all the work has already been completed.
Motor
If you do not want to spend a long time calculating gear ratios and engine power using specialized programs, it is better to make sure that the engine complies with the manufacturer’s recommendations. The motor is attached to the frame. The torque will be transmitted to the clutch. To do this, additionally install a rubber coupling.
Clutch
You need to install a centrifugal clutch system on a homemade helicopter with your own hands. It should include the flywheel and cams, as well as the bell. When the speed reaches the desired level, the cams will move apart and engage with it.
Rotor
If the model is designed according to a scheme with one main rotor and a tail rotor, then this is very simple model for implementation. What to do next? An overrunning clutch must be mounted between the motor and the rotor. It is designed to allow the mechanism to rotate freely by inertia.
Tail boom
This part can be made of aluminum, carbon or carbon fiber. Rigidity is important here. Inside the beam you need to place a belt drive or a shaft through which the rotation of the motor will be transmitted to the rotor on the tail.
Tail rotor pitch control
A homemade helicopter includes a machine to control the tail rotor. So, you can use a long pull through intermediate rockers.
Chassis
To make the device more stable, it must be equipped with a chassis. This allows you to soften impacts and prevent possible rollovers of the machine. This unit can be purchased or made independently from aluminum pipe and crossbars made of plastic.
Hood part
This is bigger decorative detail, although it also has a shockproof function. For the manufacture of plastic will do. The lighter it is, the better.
Electronic system
Without a gyroscope, receiver, batteries and servos, efforts are simply doomed to failure. A homemade radio-controlled helicopter will not take off without the above parts. The electronics are also mounted in the body of the flying car. To ensure safety, a switch and bot battery charge indicators can be added to the electronics.
It is better to purchase a ready-made device as a remote control. Not everyone can assemble such a device from scratch. You also need to remember that the design of the aircraft should not have heavy motors or batteries. Otherwise, the car will not fly due to its large curb weight.
Making a helicopter with your own hands is a very exciting activity. But flying with him is a real art. Flights of homemade helicopters are a special spectacle. If you learn to operate the device masterfully, then you will definitely delight others.
Helicopter blades
All those who regularly fly with such models know how often these elements break. This is especially common for novice pilots. I want to play with a helicopter, but constantly purchasing these parts is not an option. In addition, their price is impressive.
In an hour you can make four homemade helicopter blades. For production you will need plastic cards without embossing, as well as whole blades. The whole pieces will be used as a template.
One of the blades should be removed from the profile. To do this, you can warm it up on gas and then flatten it on a table or any other object. The main thing is not to do it too hard. Then, you need to trace according to the template, for example, with a knife. It is necessary to cut several times without pressure, and then increase the pressure every time. Next, with a gentle movement, the plastic card is broken and then cut through.
This is how the blank turned out. Now you need to make it thinner. To do this, you need to sand it down from the second third of its size. Then we move on to creating a profile. Here you need to roll the rag into a roll and heat our workpiece until soft. You need to heat from the wide side. Then, when it is soft enough, you can put it on a roll of fabric. In order to obtain the desired profile, it is enough to press the workpiece on top with a factory blade.
Other homemade devices
Not everyone prefers a homemade remote control helicopter. Some technology enthusiasts prefer to assemble quite serious cars. They look almost like real helicopters, most of them are simply made quite handicraft. But it's still a hobby.
For example, a guy from Nigeria who is studying at the Faculty of Physics is interested in dismantling old automobile equipment for parts and assembling a real homemade helicopter from it. The guy also develops the drawings himself.
About his next creation, the Nigerian physicist says that he assembled the car for about eight months. This device has risen over Nigerian lands more than 6 times. The material used was aluminum scrap.
This fruit of engineering is equipped with a motor from a Honda car. The engine has a power of 133 hp. With. The body has seats from Toyota. Other components were from a Boeing that crashed nearby.
Another homemade chainsaw helicopter became an opportunity for a prisoner to stage a prison escape. True, its design was simple to the point of banal. Prisoner attached to chainsaw wooden screw. This made it possible for the man to easily cover more than 100 meters on such a helicopter.
And the 82-year-old resident of Ryazan, despite his age, is interested in aviation and helicopter construction. A turner, milling machine operator and indeed a great master assembled his first aircraft at the age of 30. He then worked at one of the factories in Almaty. There he met a pilot, who helped him design a homemade single-seat helicopter.
Although this helicopter is already about 50 years old, the old specialist still continues to design more and more new machines. Today, with his son, he is trying to assemble another model of the device. The assembly began right in the yard, then moved to the garage.
There is also a helicopter lover living in Kharkov. Of course, you can't fly his car over the ground. His helicopter is equipped with an autopilot and is controlled via radio. This design is distinguished by the presence of an autopilot. The helicopter can fly around 200 points along a predetermined route, and also return to where the device took off from earlier.
Conclusion
So we learned how to make a homemade helicopter. As you can see, with the right level of skills and information, you can assemble decent aircraft.
Probably many have heard about the light two-seat Berkut helicopters, which are produced in Togliatti by Berkut Design Bureau LLC. So, this topic of helicopter construction in Tolyatti is far from exhausted. Dmitry Dmitriev assembles a single-seat helicopter of his own design in his garage in his free time. When asked what prompted him to take up such an unusual business, Dmitry said that he had always had a passion for design and invention, and also wanted to destroy the myth that it is much more difficult to assemble a helicopter than a car. According to Dmitry, in Russia several dozen people are already assembling helicopters at home, together they communicate on the Internet and share advice with each other.
01. Dmitry took the American Exec-162 helicopter as the basis for his helicopter
02. Just recently, Dmitry’s helicopter was completely assembled (only without the blades, which are not there yet). Dmitry tested it on the street and, having discovered some design flaws, decided to disassemble it and bring it to mind.
03. Dmitry made most of the helicopter parts himself.
04. The most difficult thing, according to him, is to find required material, no one wants to work with an individual; companies usually sell materials in bulk.
05. Rear screw.
06. Engine - VAZ 2111
07. After the tests, Dmitry decided to lighten the engine, remove the receiver, install a short intake pipe and a lighter muffler.
08. Central screw drive and muffler.
09. Dmitry has friends in a car repair shop that modernizes engines for sports cars, where he makes complex parts.
10. Dmitry has no special education related to aircraft construction; he figures out everything on his own, finding the necessary literature and communicating with like-minded people on the Internet.
11. O practical application Dmitry hasn’t thought about a helicopter yet, at the moment he prefers the assembly process itself.
12. A few details
14. Right there, in the garage, another interesting thing was discovered - a box for underwater photography, made by Dmitry from either a steamer or a juicer.
15. In addition to assembling a helicopter, Dmitry is also interested in diving and takes a little photographs.
16. It has already taken seven years to assemble the helicopter, but Dmitry is in no hurry, he does everything thoroughly, but, in his words, “without fanaticism,” not forgetting about his family.
28. Someone is churning out parts for space rockets in garages, and Dmitry is assembling a helicopter and dreaming of his first flight.
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We must pay tribute to the inventor - he created a working structure from scrap materials. Such inventors should be united in a design bureau to revive small aircraft.
The helicopter was manufactured in 1979 in the city of Cherkassy. The entire structure is homemade, except for the engine. Details from different equipment, wooden screw. Engine from the snowmobile “Buran”.
Flies at speeds of up to 150 km per hour. It was tested at an altitude of 8-10 meters, but theoretically it can fly higher.
The first video shows a test of a homemade helicopter.
Below is an overview of the helicopter, its design and capabilities.
Ultralight helicopter – “MICRON”
Uncle Vovik
Something similar was invented by Kamov back in the 50s!! His first Ka-8 and Ka-10 were exactly like in this video! those. a chair with a motor and screws! And which were undeservedly forgotten! Then there were the Ka-15, Ka-18, and the famous multi-purpose Ka-26!
If you want to make for your child a small model of a helicopter that flies like a big one, then you should.
Russian DIYer invented a helicopter
The video shows a helicopter assembled from improvised materials with your own hands. The test helicopter flies at low altitude.
Homemade helicopter / Homebuilt helicopter
Inventors are trying to rise above the water.
Having counted his ninth decade, Yuri Vasilyevich Vesnin still cannot calm down. In the yard of an old man one-story house Something is always happening in the center of Ryazan. Either the restless grandfather is repairing the old Tavria, then he is patching up the hut, then... he is building a helicopter.
The turner, milling machine and handyman assembled his first aircraft when he was not yet 30 years old. All this happened in Alma-Ata. Yuri Vesnin then worked at the factory, in parallel with his main business, turning, he mastered autogenous and electric welding, and in my free time I made everything little by little. I became friends with one pilot, and one day he said: “You can do anything, let’s make a helicopter.” But one thing to say, where can I get spare parts? At one of the airfields it was possible to get the main thing - blades. I was going to buy those that were removed from already written off cars. And before that I studied the structure of a helicopter and the theory of flight.
And the engineer at the airfield demanded: “Take the exam. If you hand over, we’ll give away the blades for free.” Well, I passed. And the blades, by the way, turned out to be completely new, right in the packaging,” says Yuri Vasilyevich.
The master made the helicopter, but he never saw the sky. One pilot appeared on the horizon, one of those who “only wear a uniform,” Yuri became jealous of his wife. And to let off steam, he took and sawed up his helicopter at night. The story with small aircraft did not end there, but it paused for a long time. But it “got” to another industry - the automotive industry.
I honestly don’t remember how many cars I made. One “Rafik” was even registered, and he came with us to Ryazan. And it’s impossible to count how many “bobbies” (the common nickname for UAZ - Ed.) there were. Whom they sold to, who they gave it to.
The same "Rafik" has an engine and a bridge from the "Moskvich", but for the helicopter it was only necessary to find blades and an engine. Everything else is done by hand. Moreover, he taught his sons to work from childhood, so the boys had something to do.
YOUR OWN PIECE OF SKY
During perestroika, the family moved to Ryazan. Here the old dream of a helicopter came true. Blades can now be bought freely, but for what? I was lucky here - my son, a paratrooper, had just returned from a long business trip to Yugoslavia. He spent the money he earned like this: he bought a house with four thousand dollars, and with six thousand “green” dollars he bought helicopter blades. The engine from Subaru cost a penny compared to the blades - we only paid a thousand rubles. We did everything else with our own hands, and the result was an analogue of the K-26 helicopter. We flew for the first time about six years ago.
We don’t have a permit; it’s very difficult to get one. But we know the rules and fly only where possible - over meadows,” says Yuri Vasilyevich. - At first my wife just said: “You fools, you will break yourself.” But then nothing... We slowly started, “ran,” then got up, made a U-turn in the air, and learned in general. Well, then they did what they wanted.
The car, called “Almatyets”, lands very softly: it hangs slightly in the air and smoothly descends. According to Yuri Vasilyevich, no effort is spared for the sake of such sensations.
Do you know how beautiful it is when you rise? “You can’t see anything here, but there are lakes and villages - you can’t describe them,” shares Yuri Vesnin.
But the master did not rest on this either; now, together with his son, he is assembling a second helicopter. I started right in my yard, carefully wrapped the frame with a blanket for the winter, and when it got warmer, I took the future car to my son’s garage - more serious work was needed.
Yuri Vasilyevich’s neighbors don’t even know that he assembles helicopters, who knows what he’s making there?
It’s just amazing, he’s so old and he’s constantly working, drawing something, developing something,” says neighbor Valentina Grigorievna. - But he certainly doesn’t bother us. Drunkards and rowdies are in the way, but Yuri Vasilyevich... if only there were more of them!
A person has such an interesting hobby, and even at such an age - it’s wonderful! - neighbor Lyudmila Borisovna shares. - Someone sews, someone knits, but he came up with something!
OH, GIRLS, I'M GOING TO ROCK!
The master was widowed five years ago and lives alone. There are three children, six grandchildren, and no one forgets the old man. Yes, he has no time to be bored - the garage is nearby. In the yard there is an old Tavria, bought for 8 thousand rubles. I adjusted it here, patched it up there, and in the end the car drives as if nothing had happened. By the way, Yuri Vesnin has 62 years of driving experience. During this time, he says, not a single fine was issued. Well, at your leisure you can go to Lake Walnut and take a swim. There you can work out on the horizontal bars. People are surprised, come up, and ask “how old?” Nobody believes the answer “81” - this was last summer, so you have to show your driver’s license. And they also say that we don’t have men.
COMPETENTLY
Director of the Protasovo airfield Viktor Aksenov:
In principle, you can make a helicopter yourself. That's why he is a man, especially a Russian - each of us has his own Kulibin. It is not necessary to have special education for this. The main thing is that a person has an engineering mind,” says Viktor Fedorovich. - Another thing is that official law Such people, as a rule, do not have the opportunity to fly - it is difficult to obtain all the documents. And there are enough craftsmen, in each region there are 2-3 people who are aiming at such things. There are especially many in the south of the country, in the Rostov region and Krasnodar region. It's in our blood.
OPINION OF ROSTRANSNADZOR
The fact that Russian craftsmen take to the air using their own machines is remarkable. But how do the authorities feel about this? After all, there must be order in the sky, as well as on the road. It turned out that Yuri Vasilyevich can fly calmly, the authorities don’t care about him and others like him.
Discover homemade devices and it is very difficult for their owner. We inspect only at airports, and these craftsmen fly only from their garage,” Boris Ruchkin, deputy head of the department for monitoring the state of flight safety and analyzing activities in civil aviation of Rostransnadzor of the Russian Federation, told Komsomolskaya Pravda. - Local authorities - the administration, police, prosecutor's office and state security agencies - must detect and fine violators. The fine for illegal flights is a maximum of five thousand rubles. Well, how many violations will be revealed depends on the inspector.