Cutting logs: rules, features, methods. Techniques for cutting logs on a band sawmill How to cut in four directions on a sawmill

Advice from professionals

1. GENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT THE MACHINE

The horizontal band saw machine is used for sawing wood of any hardness into boards, beams, and slats. Sawing occurs by moving the saw frame from cutting tool(band saw) along the fixed rail guides of the band sawmill.

The use of a band sawmill allows you to:

• produce boards with high surface quality from the material
• get a board with an accuracy of 2 mm. with a length of 6 m;
• band sawmill allows you to reduce waste by 2-3 times,
• reduce energy costs;
• quickly adjust the sawing size,
• The band sawmill is capable of sawing short workpieces (from 1.0 meters) and producing products up to 2 millimeters thick.
• The band sawmill operates under UHL 4 conditions (GOST 15150-69). The band sawmill is equipped with an electromechanical saw unit lift.

2. "Band sawmills" - operation and design:

2.1 Main components and parts of the band sawmill:

• A bed that moves along rail guides in a horizontal direction;
• Saw frame;
• Saw frame lifting mechanism;
• Electrical cabinet;
• Log clamp;
• Movable slider of the driven pulley;
• Drive pulley;
• Driven pulley;
• V-belt drive;
• Rail guides for band sawmill;
• Band saw tensioning mechanism;
• Band saw mounting connector;
• Band sawmill pulley housing
• Coolant reservoir
• Saw guide fixed
• Saw guide is movable

The bed of the band sawmill has a U-shape and soles with rollers for moving the saw frame along the rails and felt brushes that clean the guide from sawdust. The saw frame is lifted by two sliders located on the bed posts. The movement is carried out by a two-way, synchronously connected chain transmission, driven by an electric motor, through a gearbox.

The frame is made of two channels, which are located parallel and connected to each other. The driving saw pulley is fixedly fixed on one end of the frame, and the driven one, which has the ability to move longitudinally, is fixed on the other. Saw band sawmill tensioned by a spring-screw mechanism, the spring dampens thermal expansion saw blade. When making a band sawmill, the tension is calibrated for a saw 35 centimeters wide. The marks on the tensioner body and washer are equal to the tension force of 525 kilograms. In the front beam of the band sawmill and on the slider of the driven pulley there are two locks for removing and installing the saw blade. On the brackets located in the middle of the frame there are two band saw guides (movable and fixed), which are equipped with support rollers and an adjustment system and bar. Torque is transmitted from the sawmill engine to the drive pulley by a V-belt drive. The coolant tank is mounted on top of the saw pulley protection. The liquid supply is regulated by taps located on the tank. The control panel for the band sawmill is located on the top crossbar of the machine.

The guides are collapsible from 3 sections, which is convenient for transportation. At the bottom there are support plates into which the anchor bolts. On top of the guides of the band sawmill there are log supports. The log is fixed on the rail guides with four screw clamps and a stop that provides 90 degrees.

3. ADJUSTING THE SAW PULLEYS

3.1. The machine provides for adjustment of the position of both pulleys in relation to each other in the horizontal and vertical planes. It is necessary to ensure that the band saw with a tension of 6-8 kg/mm2. in cross-section, one branch did not come off the rims of the saw pulleys.

3.2. First of all, the pulleys are adjusted in the vertical plane, setting them at right angles to the saw frame. To do this, on the slider of the driven pulley, a bolt Ml0 is screwed from below to its axis, and on the drive pulley, adjustment is carried out by installing spacer washers or plates. This operation is carried out by the manufacturer.

3.3 To regulate the position of the horizontal plane saw pulleys, two bolts Ml2 are screwed into the ends of the frame from the side of the driving pulley, and one bolt is screwed into the axis of the driven pulley.

It is necessary to adjust the pulleys of the band sawmill in the following sequence:

3.3.1 Turn off the power supply circuit breaker on the control panel.

3.3.2 Open protective covers saw pulleys.

3.3.3 Place the band saw on the pulleys so that it protrudes beyond the edges of the pulleys by the height of the tooth plus 2-5 mm.

3.3.4 Close the movable connectors (locks).

3.3.5 Tension the band saw by turning the tension mechanism nut to the optimal value for this type band saws(at the rate of 6-8 kg/mm2).

3.3.6. By rotating the driven pulley with your hand as you cut (counterclockwise), you need to see what position the band saw will take on the pulleys. If the belt runs outward by an equal amount from both pulleys, then, without weakening the tension of the saw, release the lock nut Ml6, which secures the axis of the driven pulley to the saw frame (saw frame slide).

3.3.7 Then loosen the M12 lock nut and screw in the Ml2 bolt a small amount, then tighten the M12 lock nut and M16 lock nut.

3.3.8 Repeat point 3.3.6 and if the tape runs out, repeat the adjustment until the correct result is obtained.

3.3.9 If the tape runs inward by an even amount, then it is necessary to loosen the tension of the band saw.

3.3.10. Loosen the lock nut Ml6, the lock nut M12 and unscrew the M12 bolt a small amount, then tighten the M12 and M16 nuts.

3.3.11 If the tape has taken the position according to the instructions, then the adjustment has been performed correctly.

3.3.12 If the band saw immediately runs away from the drive pulley when rotating, then adjustment should begin with it.

3.3.13 To do this, depending on the direction of the belt running (outward or inward), loosen the left or right lock nuts Ml6 and make adjustments in the same sequence as on the driven pulley.

3.3.14 After adjustment, tighten all nuts.

3.3.15 Close the doors of the saw pulley housings.

3.3.16 Turn on the automatic power supply. energy on the control panel.

3.3.17 Briefly turn on the drive of the saw pulleys and make sure that the saw blade is in the correct position. The machine is ready for use.

4. REQUIREMENTS FOR SAW BLADES

1. During the operation of the band sawmill, to increase the service life of the band saw, it is necessary to properly tension it on the pulleys.

1.1 The amount of tension, depending on its width, is determined using a “Tensometer” device.

1.2 Attention! The band saw should not be in operation for more than 2 hours. After this time, it must be removed from the machine and hung freely for at least 24 hours to relieve fatigue stress.

2 Use the correct lubricant for the band saw blade.

In most cases, simply water or water with the addition of detergent(“Fairy”, etc.). However, when low temperatures It is best to use a mixture of 50%-80% diesel fuel or kerosene and 50%-20% motor oil or oil for lubricating chainsaw tires. The use of turpentine also gives good results when sawing coniferous trees.

If water is used as a coolant, it is necessary to wipe the pulleys and belt with oil after completion of work.

3. Always loosen the band saw tension.

When you are finished, release the tension from the saw. During operation, the blades heat up and stretch, and then as they cool, they contract by tenths of a millimeter during each cooling period." Therefore, belts left on pulleys under load overload themselves, and they develop an imprint from the two pulleys, which causes cracks in the cavities between the teeth.

4. Use correct tooth set.

The alignment is correct if in the space between the saw blade and the wood being processed you have 65-70% sawdust and 30-35% air. If your tooth set is too wide for the weight or thickness of the wood available, there will be too much air and not enough sawdust in the cut. You will have excessively large losses due to sawdust, and as a result, greater roughness of the processed wood. If the divorce is insufficient, you will not get a strong enough air flow for removing sawdust from the cut. A sign of this is hot sawdust. This can cause the most devastating damage to the saw: operating intervals will be short and the saw will fail prematurely. The sawdust should be cool to the touch. And finally, if the cut is insufficient and the sharpening angle is incorrect, the saw will cut a wave on the board. From our point of view, you cannot work with logs of different diameters, timber and beams using the same tooth set.

You must sort the timber.

For every 20-25 centimeters increase in size, it is necessary to increase the wiring by approximately 18%, depending on whether the wood is hard or soft, wet or dry. The only way to achieve the desired layout is to carry out test cuts on a specific log. Increase the setting by 5-8 hundredths of a millimeter on each side until tooth marks become visible. This means that you are working with a 50/50 mixture of air and sawdust. After this, reduce the tooth set by 8-10 hundredths on each side, and you will achieve desired result. Please note: You should only spread the top eighth of the tooth, not the middle or bottom. You don't want the gap between the teeth to be completely filled when sawing. When you work with softwood, whether wet or dry, the chips expand in volume to 4-7 times their cellular state. Hardwoods, wet or dry, only expand 1/2 to 3 times in volume. This means that if you are sawing 45cm pine logs, you will need to set the teeth 20% wider than when cutting 45cm oak logs. Always space your teeth before sharpening.

5. Sharpen your saw properly.

There is only one way to sharpen band saw blades. The stone should go down the surface of the tooth, around the base of the cavity between the teeth and up along reverse side tooth in one continuous movement.

The space between the teeth (gallette) is not a sawdust bin. The power flow of air, cooling of steel and removal of sawdust depend on it.

If you have the correct teeth set, air is supplied along the log at the same speed as the saw, as a result of which sawdust is sucked into the gallet. The sawdust cools it significantly as it passes around the inside and outside of the next tooth. It is necessary that the space between the teeth be filled by 40%, which will provide the necessary cooling and increase the operating time of the saw.

6. Install correct angle sharpening.

Thanks to the deep gallets, we can use reduced sharpening angles, which transfer less heat to the tip of the tooth. The tape series uses a 10 degree hook angle that is capable of penetrating most medium hard to medium soft wood surfaces.

The general rule is this: the harder the wood, the smaller the sharpening angle.

Warning: Do not trust the scales and measuring rulers on your sharpening machine!

The pins and guides on it wear out. During the work, the profile of the stone changes.

To check the correct sharpening angles, use a protractor. Attention; We recommend changing saws every two hours of continuous operation, allowing them to rest for at least a day.

During the operation of the machine there is a need to regulate individual components in order to restore them normal operation.

In Fig. 1 shows some parameters of the canvas that determine its durability and performance where:

A - sharpening angle, this is the angle between the front surface of the tooth and the plane perpendicular to the back of the saw; B - tooth cavity; C - back surface of the tooth;

E - divorce, this is the deviation of the tooth from the vertical. The setting line (the place where the teeth bend) is located at a distance of 1/3 from the top of the tooth; R is the radius of the depression;

P - tooth pitch, this is the distance between two teeth; H is the height of the tooth, this is the distance from the base of the tooth to its top.

Emerging problems and their solutions

5. PREPARING THE MACHINE FOR OPERATION

5.1 Before work you must:

• check the reliability of fastening of parts and the tightness of all threaded connections; lubricate the rubbing parts in accordance with section 7;
• check the installation of the band saw and, if necessary, adjust its position on the saw pulleys in accordance with section 3;
• To ensure a stable position of the saw in the log at the time of sawing, as well as leveling the band in the cutting area and preventing it from coming off the pulleys under excessive load, install the support rollers of the movable and fixed guides of the band saw so that they press the saw band down. In this case, the deflection of the tape should be 2-5 mm. Then bring the bar with felt to the saw blade. To reduce the deflection of the tape, move the movable guide at a distance of 50-150 mm from the side surface of the wood;
• To avoid flaring of the rear edge of the belt and subsequent wear of the pulley plane, adjust the support rollers so that the belt does not constantly touch their thrust edge. The gap should be 3 mm. using a level and a flat ground pad to prevent the saw teeth from touching, check the horizontal position of the band saw and adjust if necessary;
• adjusting the guide rollers in the vertical plane eliminates twisting of the saw in work area;
• Check the reliability of fastening of the band saw housings and V-belt drive.
• Make sure that the surfaces of the band saw blade and saw pulley rims are clean and that the scrapers fit snugly against the wheel rims.
• turn on the electric motor and make sure that it is normal and correct movement band saw;
• When sawing, be sure to use coolants (kerosene or diesel fuel, diluted in half with machine oil see section 4). Coolant is poured into the reservoir;
• The reverse (idle) operation of the machine is carried out by first lifting the saw blade above the plane of the log (by pressing the “up” button on the control panel) by 10-15 mm.

6. MAINTENANCE

At maintenance it is necessary to tighten the fasteners and, if necessary, replace the grease in the bearings and measure the insulation resistance for electrical strength.

During operation, the following adjustments must be made:

• tension of the drive belts, which is ensured by the tension screw of the electric motor with the bolts previously loosened and then tightened; (ATTENTION! Do not overtighten the belts, thereby increasing the load on the bearings).
• adjusting the tension of the band saw;
• adjusting the parallelism of saw pulleys!
• sharpening of band saw teeth (sharpening is recommended to be done with corundum wheels of a flat profile (p) with a grain size of 16-25 on a bakelite (b) bond with hardness C1 (C-medium hardness, 1-volume abrasive content 60%) or ST1 (medium hard). Wheel thickness 6-8 mm. Good quality provides a peripheral rotation speed of the circle of 20-25 m/sec. To lubricate the bearings, use Litol-24 grease. Change the lubricant after four months when working one shift.
• replacing worn scrapers:
• Impregnate felt scraper-brushes with sanding agent, salya, etc. every shift.

7. INDICATION OF SAFETY MEASURES.

The machine is made in accordance with safety requirements according to GOST 25223, GOST 12.2.026.0, and GOST RMEC602041.

When installing, the machine must be reliably grounded. For this purpose, there are grounding bosses on the base of the frame, as well as on the track rails.

When operating the machine, you should regularly, but at least once a week, clean the electric motor and electrical equipment from dust and dirt. The presence of moving parts and electrical equipment in the machine requires strict adherence to safety regulations during its operation.

When working on a band sawmill, be sure to follow the following rules:

• monitor the integrity of the insulation of current-carrying cables and the reliable connection of their ends;
• check the integrity and reliability of grounding wires;
• make adjustments, replace the band saw and troubleshoot problems with the mandatory disconnection of the machine from the power supply;
• if the band saw breaks or the power supply is interrupted, the machine must be immediately disconnected from the network;
• When working on the machine, strangers, as well as the machine operator, should not be in the working area, as well as near the chip ejection pipe, because if it breaks, the band saw can slide out in this direction;
• You cannot work on the machine with the doors of the saw pulley housings open;
• Do not open the doors of the saw pulley casings until they stop completely;
• you cannot work under the saw frame of the machine without first placing a strong support under it;
• You cannot cut logs that are not secured on the rail tracks.
  

In addition to those factors indicated in the passport (correct adjustment of the saw pulleys, correct setting and sharpening of the saw teeth), the quality of the installation of the rail track plays an important role in the quality of the machine’s operation. Thus, with poor-quality installation, various defects can be observed on the layer of sawn material, namely “waviness” of the surface, “tapering”, “stepping”, “non-parallelism”, etc.

The rails are leveled in the transverse and longitudinal directions. For normal operation of the machine, a solid foundation is required.

In this case, the straightness of the rail guides is checked using a thin cord and a ruler. Steel spacers of different thicknesses are placed under the plates and finally attract them to the foundation.

At correct installation and careful handling of the machine, the company guarantees the high quality of the sawn wood material, the deviation in the thickness of the cut over a length of 6 meters is no more than 2 mm.

9. MACHINE MALFUNCTIONS, REASONS FOR THEIR APPEARANCE METHOD OF ELIMINATION

Sawing frozen wood using sawmill equipment is associated with a number of problems that need to be solved. Under conditions of negative temperatures, the physical and chemical properties of wood undergo changes.

Let's consider this problem in the context of working on band saw machines, because The specificity and type of cutting tool contribute to the greatest difficulties when sawing frozen wood due to the fact that the structural parts freeze unevenly, forming areas of different densities.

Why is sawing more difficult in winter?

Sawing as such is possible when the wood crushed during operation is completely removed from the cutting zone. In other words, for high-quality sawing it is necessary that the volume of the cavity between the teeth accommodate the cut chips, and they are immediately released when exiting the cut.

The degree of chip compaction directly depends on the density of the wood and its hydrothermal characteristics - the higher the moisture content of the wood, the higher the value of the chip compaction coefficient.

When the temperature environment drops to -25 C°, the moisture in the wood structures crystallizes, thereby creating additional resistance to the load produced by the saw teeth during sawing.

What should you pay attention to first?

The key to solving this problem lies in comprehensive measures to prepare the machine, saw and the wood itself for sawing.

1. Prepare the log for sawing!

Soaking and debarking logs to even out the contrast in density values ​​in the structural parts of the wood – mandatory procedure, included in the technological cycle of material preparation during primary wood processing. In Russia it is omitted as “unnecessary”.

Such saws are designed with a reduced radius of curvature at the base of the tooth by 2-3 mm and a stepped shape of the teeth themselves, which protects the sawn surface from sticking wood dust and facilitates easy removal of chips from the cut.

3. Optimal setting of saw teeth is the key to quality sawing

An effective type of tooth set is “complex”: one tooth is set to the right, the second is not set, the third is to the left. This scheme ensures the stability of the saw in the cut and high-quality removal of sawdust.

4. Rolling and forging saws are especially important in winter

The rolling and forging processes not only help eliminate defects in the saw body, but also reduce the value of fatigue wear - this is a good help, because The load on the cutting tool in conditions of negative ambient temperatures is especially high.

Do not forget that the profile of the pulleys must correspond to the saw's rolling parameters.

Fundamental Principle

To summarize, we would like to remind you that the operation of any woodworking equipment is influenced by a combination of many factors. If this is your first time working with frozen wood, we recommend that you contact specialists who can give specific recommendations “on the spot.”

The economic efficiency of sawmill production largely depends on the degree of use of raw materials. The equipment used in production, rational cutting of logs according to optimal deliveries, competent planning of cutting determine the efficient use of resources and, accordingly, high quality products.

Basic schemes for cutting sawn raw materials

Methods and schemes for cutting logs directly depend on the requirements for the quality and size of the products produced, the characteristics of the raw materials and the type of equipment used.

Basic methods of sawing logs
a - waddle; b - with timber; b’ - with the receipt of two beams; b" - collapse of the beams; c - sector; c’ - sawing the sector into radial boards; c" - on tangential boards; g - segmental; g’ - collapse-segment; g" - timber-segmental; d - circular; 1 - not edged boards; 2 - edged boards; 3 - rack; 4- bars; 5 — parts of logs in the form of sectors; 6 — parts of logs in the form of segments; 7 - single-sided edged boards

Cut the logs waddle consists in dividing it by parallel planes one or more cutting tools. This scheme makes it possible to obtain unedged boards with different arrangement of layers relative to the annual layers. The method is rational when cutting logs up to 18 cm in diameter and for sawlogs with curvature of trunks (most often used in cases of cutting birch raw materials, which in 70% of cases have simple or complex curvature).

Unedged boards obtained after tumbling cutting are processed into edged boards or transferred for cutting into unedged blanks.

In case the predominant amount finished products must have established dimensions cross section, cutting method is used with timber. This scheme is also used for cutting large-diameter logs in the production of general-purpose lumber.

Sawing with beams is carried out on multi-rip equipment in two passes. In this case, at the first stage, beams with a thickness equal to the width of the required board are obtained from round timber. These beams are then divided into boards of the required thickness and size.

For cutting large-sized ridges they use segment and sector methods. It is worth noting that these schemes are specific and are used in special types production for the production of tangential and radial lumber.

Individual cutting of large logs and logs with internal rot is carried out in a circular manner.

Processing of round timber using milling method

The formation of a cross-section of sawn raw materials by milling is carried out by combining this method with sawing. In this case, three main cutting schemes are used:

• obtaining a double-edged beam at the first node;
• obtaining unedged boards and double-edged timber on the head machine;
• obtaining profile beams with dimensions corresponding to the cross-sectional dimensions of edged lumber with the production of boards on one equipment.

Double-edged timber is a semi-finished product for the further production of edged lumber by dividing the timber into boards.

Basic methods of cutting logs by milling
a - production of double-edged timber on the head machine; b - production of double-edged timber and unedged boards; c - obtaining a profile beam; d — obtaining long edged lumber; d - production of edged lumber of various lengths; e - production of edged lumber of various lengths and widths; 1 - lumber zone; 2 - edged lumber; 3 - figured beam; 4 - double-edged beam; 5- unedged lumber

The concept of delivery for sawing round timber

A stand is a set of saws, clamping and inter-saw spacers installed in a saw frame to produce lumber with specified thickness parameters.

In other words, delivery is a plan for cutting sawn raw materials (logs) of uniform quality and size into products of given parameters and quality.

When sawing, waddling is realized by a digital series showing the thickness of the boards being cut in millimeters:

19-19-32-32-19-19.

This series of numbers means that two boards 32 mm thick are cut from the central part of the log, and four boards 19 mm thick are cut from the side parts.

When cambering with timbering, for example, the setting is written in two rows of numbers, for sawing logs (first pass) and timber (second pass):

19-19-150-19-19 (first pass);

19-32-40-40-32-19 (second pass).

As in the previous example, these figures mean that on the head machine of the first row, on which the log is sawed, one beam with a thickness of 150 mm and, accordingly, four unedged boards of 19 mm each (two on each side) are obtained, and on the machine of the second rows, the resulting timber is sawn into boards 40, 32 and 19 mm thick.

When sawing logs on single-saw machines, the position determines the cutting order.

Preparation of deliveries

Drawing up a provision essentially means determining optimal sizes and proportions of boards in thickness, ensuring rational use cross section of the log diameter.

Basic rules for drawing up supplies:

• the positions must be symmetrical;
• in one set there should not be boards that differ in thickness by less than 5 mm;
• When drawing up the supply, start with the largest lumber in cross-section;
• the thickness of the boards should decrease from the axis of the log to the periphery;
• do not provide for cutting more than two thin (16, 19 mm) boards at the edge of the supply when cutting raw materials on sawmill frames;
• select the height of the timber on the first pass according to the width of the board thicknesses listed in the specifications;
• saw the face of the timber sawn on the second pass into boards of equal thickness;
• when preparing supplies for lumber without specifying specifications, use tabular or graphical methods;
• when sawing using the beam method, determine the thickness of the beam from the ratio (0.06-0.08) of the top diameter of the log - d;
• the setting should not exceed the maximum coverage of the log diameter;
• determine the minimum thickness of the central boards by this table:

Graphic method of drawing up deliveries

It is possible to draw up a rational delivery in accordance with GOSTs without specifying specific cross-sectional dimensions (without assignments in the form of specifications) - using special graphs.

An example of using the chart of maximum thickness of lumber according to P.P. Aksenov

In order to determine the maximum thickness, the distance from the axis of the stand to the inner part of the stand face of the desired board is plotted on the abscissa axis. Then a vertical line is drawn until it intersects with an inclined line, which corresponds to given diameter, and the resulting intersection point is shifted to the coordinate axis.

Schedule optimal thicknesses lumber according to G.G. Titkov

Wood as a product is very valuable. Wooden products are all around you. However, before becoming a table, cabinet or bench on the street, wood must go through a long process of processing. Wood materials - boards, beams, bars, are obtained by sawing. It is this work of the band sawmill that is most important.

Frozen wood - how to saw on a band sawmill?

Many operators, especially those who lack the necessary experience, encounter difficulties when sawing frozen wood with bandsaws. It is especially unpleasant if the wood is not completely frozen, and there are unfrozen areas in the log, i.e. different densities.
Meanwhile, the problem is being solved.

And yet, how to saw frozen wood on a band sawmill. Much, when sawing with band saws, depends on correct selection and preparation of the band saw, much depends on the geometry of the tooth.

Firstly, they are very effective in in this case saws designed specifically for sawing hard and frozen wood (for example, Wood-Mizer wood band saws with a 4/32 profile, or “winter” saws with a 9/29 profile)
Secondly, pay attention to the tooth alignment. When working with frozen logs, it makes sense to reduce it to 15-18 or even less, to 12-14.

The performance of a band sawmill is usually influenced by an individual combination of various factors, so if this is your first time working with frozen wood, it is advisable to experiment. Using three saws, make three settings: recommended, smaller, and even smaller. Work with all three saws, evaluate the result and then use the optimal layout

Operation of the saw blade of a band sawmill.

When using a saw blade for the first time, it is recommended to sharpen the saw after about an hour and a half of use. This sharpening should be done in three passes through grinder. The first passage plays the role of an introductory passage, the second has a leveling function, and the third passage has a nursing function. This procedure will serve to eliminate microcracks on the surface being sharpened. After sharpening, experts advise hanging the saw for six to eight hours so that it can rest.
To avoid overheating of the saw blade, as well as to avoid excessive fatigue, it is best to work with it for one to three hours (the time depends on the type of saw), then sharpen it, and then leave the saw blade to rest for approximately 12 hours.

In the process of sawing wood, high cutting parameters are sometimes set. This causes the saw teeth to overheat. Therefore, proper cooling is necessary saw blade, and also, if possible, adjust its tension, because when the temperature of the saw changes, the amount of its tension may also change. In summer, it is best to use water as a coolant; in winter, it is recommended to use diesel fuel for this purpose.

The operation in which the cutting ability of the saw blade is formed is called setting. During the setting process, the tooth is moved apart in the segment to the right, left, directly in relation to the saw body. The saw teeth must be set symmetrically, otherwise operational problems may arise. The laying begins at a height of two-thirds from the top of the blade.

For sawing hard or frozen wood, the recommended setting value to the side of the saw blade body is 0.3 - 0.4 mm. For sawing soft wood, this value is 0.5 - 0.7 mm.

Disc sawmill sawmill "Grizzly"

The Grizzly sawmill is the founder of angle sawing in Russia. The machine is designed for sawing various (both soft and hard) wood into export-quality edged boards, or timber. Successfully saws larch.

Ideal for valuable wood species.
The design of the machine is unique.

The cut is made using a movable carriage along a fixed log. At the same time, on the carriage, at an angle of 90º, there are: one vertical and up to two horizontal disks, which allows you to obtain a maximum radial cut. In one pass of the carriage, up to two edged products are obtained, which are fed into the hands of the operator by reversing the carriage.

The disc sawmill allows you to saw logs with a diameter of up to 1 meter without turning them. This is done by sawing from top to bottom and from left to right, step by step, board by board. The operator can produce beams and boards of various sizes from logs: vertically up to 250 mm in any configuration of the machine with vertical saw blades, namely a Ø765mm disk with removable teeth, and a Ø630mm disk with carbide tips. And horizontally up to 100mm, up to 170mm, when the machine is equipped with one vertical disk with a diameter of 630 mm, and one horizontal disk with a diameter from 305mm to 450mm (with removable teeth or with carbide tips). This configuration of the machine allows you to save on cutting.

To obtain dimensions on sawn timber up to 250 mm vertically and up to 200 mm horizontally, the machine is equipped with one vertical disk with a diameter of 765 mm, and one horizontal disk with a diameter of 500 mm.

Comments

Wood as a product is very valuable. Wooden products are all around you. However, before becoming a table, cabinet or bench on the street, wood must go through a long process of processing. Wood materials - boards, beams, bars, are obtained by sawing. Exactly this band sawmill operation is of greatest importance.

When sawing logs into boards, strive to obtain boards with a uniform wood density. It is important that the direction of the cuts goes from east to west or vice versa. Because the northern side of the log has greater density, while the southern side is looser. Medium boards have a uniform structure and are preferred when working in carpentry.

If the log is absolutely round, approximately the same thickness along its entire length and has no outside no significant flaws, cutting is done quickly and with virtually no loss of valuable wood. First cut down the top and bottom sides, and then cut the rest of the trunk into boards of equal thickness.
In most cases, it is necessary to think through suitable cutting methods in order to increase the yield. the largest number quality and wide boards, regardless of their thickness and hidden advantages. When cutting on a band sawmill, this can be done by rotating the log 90o or 180o. First remove the slab. Next, remove the unedged board. If there is a false core or defects on the bottom of the board in an amount exceeding the permissible, the log is rotated 90o or 180o.

Remove the board again. If there are no defects, remove the additional board, etc. After you have removed all the side boards, you will be left with timber, which is also sawn into fixed width boards. Turn the logs over on the bed whenever the other side of the log when cutting will produce better quality boards than the one you are currently cutting.

Band sawmill Taiga T3 and its features

The Taiga T3 band sawmill is an electric sawmill designed for sawing logs into beams, carriages, edged and unedged boards, and so on.

We recommend purchasing additionally

Main consumables for band sawmills are saws. Band saws require special attention; they need to be periodically sharpened and thinned so that the resulting lumber is High Quality. Therefore, we additionally recommend purchasing with the Taiga T3 band sawmill:

Taiga adjustable machine for band saws.
Automatic sharpening machine 220 V Taiga for Taiga band saws.
Bimetallic band saws 4,290 m long, for the Taiga T3 sawmill.

And also, to adjust the level of the rail track, we recommend purchasing a set of anchor bolts:

Box with adjustable supports for installing rail tracks.

Technical characteristics of Taiga T3
Maximum diameter of sawn log, mm 900
Minimum diameter sawn logs, mm 100
Length of sawn log, mm 6500
Diameter of saw pulleys, mm 600
Capacity, m3 6-12
Saw blade speed, m/s 30
dimensions machine, mm
Length 930
Width 2000
Height 1700
Overall dimensions of the rail track, mm
Length 7900
Width 1060
Weight, kg 633
Volume, m3 3.55
Engine power, kW
Saw drive 11
Voltage, V 380
Lifting and lowering 0.55

Band sawmills and their work

In industry, three types of sawmills are most often used: frame type, circular circular saws and band saws (for example, Ritm-M, PLP-1, PLGR-700-6300). Let's take a closer look at each of these three types.
Frame-type sawmills are characterized by high energy consumption, low yield of finished products, a large amount of waste, the need to sort the saw logs by diameter, and require a massive foundation. As a rule, on the basis of this equipment, stationary sawmill complexes are created with access roads equipped with lifting mechanisms, sorting areas that occupy a large area for sorting and packaging finished products, equipment for removal, temporary storage and disposal of waste. Thus, these complexes require serious financial investments to complete the sawmill site with the necessary additional equipment for the necessary uninterrupted operation of production.

Circular saw disc units have lower energy consumption than sawmill frames, there is no need for a massive foundation, and it is possible to individually cut each log. Complexes using this equipment have fairly high productivity. Unfortunately, the question arises about the need for waste disposal, since the cutting width of circular saws is 6-7 mm, therefore a large amount of sawdust is formed, just like with frame saws. In addition, the cost of the machines themselves and circular saws is quite high for them. Saw sharpening should only be carried out by highly qualified personnel.

Band sawmills can be horizontal (Ritm-M, Ritm-1 PLGR-700-6300), vertical, or with the band saw machine positioned at an angle. Installations using tapes up to 40 mm wide are, as a rule, relatively inexpensive and small-sized. These are sawmills with a capacity of 10-12 cubic meters of saw logs per shift. In principle, they are designed for professional sawing and working with large-sized sawlogs (800-1000mm). Sawmills using 35-50 mm wide belts are the most popular among consumers, since these saws are relatively inexpensive. Their maintenance comes down to timely sharpening and periodic teeth alignment. Performing these operations does not require special qualifications of personnel. And the most expensive in this group of equipment band saw with tape larger than 60 mm. It requires a more serious approach to preparing the premises for work. The band saws themselves are produced with carbide tips, which requires the personnel to have special training and qualifications, since in addition to sharpening, such saws require periodic rolling of the blade special equipment. All band sawmills are designed so that the cutting width does not exceed 2.4-2.6 mm, that is, a minimum of waste is produced. A necessary condition for working on a band sawmill is working with one band for no more than two hours. According to the recommendations of all band saw manufacturers, it is necessary to change the band every two hours of operation, regardless of whether it is dull or not, and then give it a “rest” for 18-24 hours. During normal inspection, one belt (timely, correctly sharpened and spread) processes 60-80 cubic meters of lumber).

For a small forestry industry specializing in sawing wood into boards and beams, the optimal equipment for use is. It has good productivity and allows large-sized trunks to be cut into lumber. But in order for the equipment to work to its full potential during the work, you need to know how to saw on a band sawmill. Taking into account certain recommendations and operating features of such a unit will allow you to avoid problems and obtain high-quality business material as a result.

The process of sawing timber with this sawmill comes down to the fact that the log is placed and fixed on a special frame, which also acts as a guide. A frame with a cutting tool mounted on it, driven by an electric motor or internal combustion engine, moves along the slats along the barrel.

Preparatory stage

One of the main conditions for the normal operation of the equipment is to carry out preparatory work before sawing on a band sawmill. And they include:

• cleaning the sawn log from dirt and sand;
• wood assessment (species, humidity);
• selection of a saw (shape, profile, tooth sharpening angles) depending on the material being cut;
• correct performance of adjustment work (tensioning of the cutting element, drive belts).

Proper preparatory work will allow you to quickly cut wood with the proper quality.

An important factor for normal sawing is the correct sharpening and setting of the saw. These works should be performed only on special machines. A well-sharpened saw with a correctly selected tooth profile will provide high speed work and cleanliness of the cut.

Attention should be paid to adjustment cutting blade. A properly tensioned tape will ensure an even cut. Any violation of the tension will lead to “waviness” of the surface of the boards, or to tearing of the cutting tool.

The more sand and dirt there is on the wood, the faster the saw will become dull, which will greatly affect the performance of the equipment. Therefore, it is better to prepare the material before sawing, and also sharpen and set the cutting tool in a timely manner.

Sawing process

During the sawing process, it is important to ensure a uniform speed of movement of the frame along the log. This will eliminate the possibility of idle belt movement and ensure maximum productivity.

Before sawing wood with a high resin content on a band saw, care should be taken to ensure the supply of water or cleaning solution to the cutting area. This will prevent the teeth from sticking and ensure good speed sawed.

After each pass, you should evaluate the quality of the cut and make sure there is no “waviness”, and only then cut the log further. This will allow you to immediately identify problems with equipment setup and eliminate them in a timely manner.

Periodically it is necessary to clean the moving elements of the sawmill from sawdust. This will eliminate unnecessary vibrations during operation of the unit, which can affect the quality of sawing, and will also extend the service life of the units.

In general, sawing on a band sawmill is not difficult; the main thing is to fully adhere to the manufacturer’s recommendations regarding operation. Don't neglect preparatory work, because the performance of the unit directly depends on them.