VVGNG cable marking. Wire and cable VVGNG LS technical characteristics, description, purpose Fire resistance test

Cable VVG(a), aka power wire VVG(a), also known as cable VVGng a, is a flame retardant wire that is used for the transmission and distribution of electricity, which occurs in stationary installations that have an electric current frequency of 50 Hz and a rated voltage of up to 660 or 1000 V. It is extremely widely used - it is used in any climatic conditions, at high altitudes, in water - virtually anywhere, unless, of course, it is damaged. This subtype is especially often used in places where there is an increased risk of a fire - for example, in enterprises working with flammable or explosive components.

Decoding of VVG(a) cable

The marking allows us to understand in more detail what this cable is. Here is its decoding: “VVG” means “vinyl-vinyl-naked,” which refers to the presence of two layers of polyvinyl chloride, as well as the absence of a specialized protective layer. Well, “ng”, if used in marking, means that the cable, in the event of a fire hazard, will not spread combustion. The letter “a”, very often placed in brackets, means the category of non-propagation of combustion according to. In particular, this means that even when laid in bundles, these cables do not propagate combustion, while traditional VVGs can “boast” of this only when laid individually. This letter should not be confused with the “a” that is placed before the abbreviation and means that the cable is not copper. IN in this case it's definitely copper. Often ls, frls, frlsltx, frhf are added to the marking, but in essence this is one cable.

Technical characteristics of VVGng (a)

U VVGng A a number of parameters can vary. For example, this may be the form factor of the cores (which can be round, triangular or flat), their number (from 1 to, as a rule, 5), their sections (from 1.5 mm 2 to 50 mm 2, and sometimes even more), nominal diameter (directly dependent on cross-sections), weight (from several tens of kilograms to several tons per kilometer). Allowable current can vary from 21A to several hundred, depending on both the type of cable and its location. As you can see, variations of this product There are a great variety, so before you buy a cable, you need to study in detail the description of its specific brand; it is this description that will save you time and nerves in the future. The price, again, varies depending on the complexity and size of the cable. But in comparison with other types of VVG, the cost remains at approximately the same level. But any cost is very justified, because the cable will serve you under proper operation conditions for more than thirty years, five of which, as a rule, will be under warranty.

Most types of equipment, instruments, tools and machinery in production, trade and everyday life are connected to an electrical network that has an alternating voltage of up to 1 kV. This means that in these networks the distribution and supply of electricity is carried out via a safe cable. Today, one of the most popular products for food and lighting in open and internal view This is a VVG cable. There are options for its implementation.

Types and types of VVG cable

Any cable or conductor has a special marking, by which the characteristics of the product can be determined.

Novice electricians, who encounter abbreviations for the first time, often do not understand the difference between VVGng and VVG, and also from VVGng-LS. Let's figure it out:

1. VVG is equipped with conventional PVC insulation, which does not have fire-retardant and self-extinguishing qualities.
2. The insulating layer of VVGng contains halogen elements, thanks to which the combustion process is neutralized.
3. Sheath of current-carrying conductors VVGng-ls when a fire occurs, no smoke or gas is released due to the use of halogen-free polyvinyl chloride (this is a big plus for VVGng-ls).
4. VVGngfr-ls is a similar model, but fire resistant. If this type of cable catches fire, the emission of gas and smoke is low. If you use a group gasket, then there will be no spread of combustion.
5. Halogen-free materials are used in the production of conductor VVGng-fr-ls, which distinguish this product from other brands. Halogen-free plastic material has high level insulation and produces the amount of smoke within normal limits. Fire safety is the main feature of the VVG ngfr-ls cable type.

What is VVG?

Often in various instructions For electrical installation work, it is suggested to use non-flammable conductor VVGng. In terms of quality/price ratio it is the best option. This VVGng conductor is actually very versatile, because it is practical to use in buildings made of flammable materials and in buildings that have high humidity.

What can the marking say? First, let's look at what conductor markings exist. If you know the decoding of the letters in the given cable markings, you can easily determine its properties. Below is a list of the main characteristics by which it is quite simple to separate all conductors.

1. Material used for the production of conductive core:

• no designation, it's copper;
• if the letter is A, it is aluminum.

2. Material from which the insulation is made for conductors:

• if the letter is B, then polyvinyl chloride was used;
• if the letters are Pv, then polyethylene was used;
• if the letter is P, then polymer insulation was used.

3. Cable armor:

• if the letter is B, then armored;
• if the letter is G, then there is no armor, bare cable.

4. Shell (outer insulation):

• if the letter is P, then the shell is made of polymer;
• if the letters Шп, then there is a protective hose made of polyethylene;
• if the letters are Shv, then the hose is protective;
• if the letter is B, then the insulation is made of polyvinyl chloride.

5. Fire safety:

• if there is a marking ng-frhf, then when the conductor is carried out in a group, it does not spread combustion, and during combustion and smoldering no corrosive substances are formed in the form of gas;
• if there is a marking ngfr-ls, then when the conductor is carried out in a group, combustion does not spread, the formation of smoke and gas is reduced;
• if there is a marking ng-hf, then when the conductor is carried out in groups, it does not spread combustion, and during combustion and smoldering no corrosive substances are formed in the form of gas;
• if there is an ng-ls marking, then the gas and smoke emission is reduced; when the ng-ls conductor is carried out in a group, combustion does not spread;
• if there is an NG marking, then when the conductor is carried out in a group, it will not spread fire;
• If there is no marking, then when laying a single conductor, fire will not spread.

If you follow the above, you can decipher the abbreviation VVGng: the first letter B means that the insulation of the conductors was made of polyvinyl chloride, the second letter B indicates that the insulation of the outer shell was also made of polyvinyl chloride, the third letter G indicates that there is a special layer of protection, there is no armor.

In the professional language of electricians, the abbreviation VVG means approximately: the letter V is vinyl, the letter B is vinyl, the letter G is bare. And the letters ng indicate that if you use a group laying of this conductor, it will not support combustion. This important indicator for cases when it is necessary to lay conductor in places where there is a high probability of fire. After all, the main thing is safety. The marking does not contain the letter A, which means that the conductor has conductive conductors made of copper.

This conductor happens made in two modern modifications: with the ending ng-ls - this means that during combustion there is a reduced release of smoke and gas (this is what ng-ls is good for); with the ending ng-hf - this means that during the combustion of the cable there is no release of corrosive substances in the form of gas. These modifications have improvements - this is fr (in other words, fire resistance, which differs from ng-ls).

Often with the usual VVG you can find cables that have the letter “P” at the end of the marking. Judging by the technical data, they are no different, but the slight difference lies in the structure - it is flat. This means that decoding the cable VVG p sounds like this: the letter V is vinyl, the letter B is vinyl, the letter G is bare, the letter P is flat.

Cable routing options

Open VVG cable laying

If you follow technical parameters of this cable, its open installation is only permitted on surfaces and structures made of flame-resistant or non-flammable materials, for example plaster, concrete, brick, plastered surface, etc.

VVG cable laying open method allowed to be used under suspended structures such as cables, etc. These structures must provide sufficiently reliable installation. When laying the cable, any possibility of mechanical action on it should be excluded.

If there is a risk of damage mechanically cable product, the necessary additional protection should be installed. Additional protection should be used when laying cable products in an open manner on combustible wood surfaces. In this case, installation should be carried out using a cable channel, corrugated hose, metal hose, pipe and other types of protection.

Laying the VVG cable in a hidden way

This cable installation option remains the most popular for residential premises. The cable is laid under the plaster, in voids, in grooves, etc.

With this installation option, mechanical damage is practically eliminated, so the use of additional protection is not expected, with the exception of wall voids in wooden houses.

Hidden installation of cables in pipes or other non-flammable materials is allowed here. Available regulations that concern hidden electrical wiring. They define correct execution hidden way cable installation.

Laying VVG cable in the ground

It is known that It is not allowed to lay a cable of this brand underground without using special protection methods. All this is due to the fact that the protection that will save the cable from any mechanical influences, there is no.

Installation of VVG conductor underground is possible only in special sealed boxes and only along overpasses and cable structures.

Cables of the “NG” design, which do not propagate combustion when laid in a bundle with a standardized volume of flammable mass of cables in accordance with GOST 12176-89, section 3 (IEC 332-3-96), were developed in 1984-1986. Non-propagation of combustion, depending on the design of the cables, was ensured by using special protective thermal barriers or screens in cable structures, by limiting the volume of combustible materials, by using polymer and other materials with low specific heat of combustion and polymer compositions with high oxygen index values. At the same time, when burning, cables of the “NG” design emit a large number of

smoke containing corrosive and toxic products. In this regard, a set of works was carried out to create polyvinyl chloride compositions with reduced fire hazard , on the basis of which a new series of flame retardant cables with low smoke and gas emissions “NG-LS” was developed and mastered. Index"LS" (low smoke)

- compliance with the requirements for smoke generation during combustion of IEC 61034, parts 1 and 2. Distinctive feature cables of the “NG-LS” design is that their insulation, filling and sheath are made of special polymer compositions of reduced fire danger created on the basis of polyvinyl chloride. Cables of the "NG-LS" design differ from cables with the "NG" index in that, in addition to flame retardation, they are characterized by reduced hydrogen chloride emission and low smoke generating ability during combustion and smoldering. Therefore, the use of cables with the index “NG” in subways Western Europe

To solve problems associated with the release of HCl and smoke, a class of cable materials was created that do not contain halogens, that is, do not emit corrosive gases and have significantly higher low level smoke emissions - so-called compositions. Cables using these materials are designated with the index “NG-LS HF”. Index “HF” (halogen free) - compliance with the requirements for the corrosive activity of smoke and gas emission products during combustion GOST R IEC 60754, part 2.

Polymer shell METALANGA corresponds to index "NG-LS HF" normal fire safety.

The combination of a polymer shell with a metal hose ensures fire safety in the most unfavorable conditions. Cable VVG ng ls - this is a subtype of VVG cable, just like its “bigger” brother, intended for transmission and distribution electric current

in conditions where, at a frequency of up to 50 Hz, a rated voltage of 0.66, 1 or 6 kV is used in certain stationary installations. However, there are differences. In particular, this cable is most suitable for use in areas where the risk of fire is particularly high. Its marking tells us this.

Decoding of the VVG ng ls cable

Its decoding is straightforward and, in fact, contains a description of the key technical characteristics of the product. “VVG” stands for “vinyl-vinyl-naked,” which indicates that two layers of polyvinyl chloride are used and then there is no protective layer. The letters “ng” indicate that the cable is flame retardant. Well, “ls” means “Low Smoke”, that is, in Russian, low smoke level. The absence of the letter “A” means that the cable in question is copper. By the way, don’t be surprised if you come across the less familiar abbreviation frls - it’s the same thing. Simply “fr” means “Fire Resistance”, that is, resistant to fire, and this is essentially the same as “ng”. Due to its properties, the use of VVG ng ls is becoming available in more places, especially in relatively hazardous industries.

Fire resistance test. Comparison with NUM cable
Flammability testing of cables with and without the “NG” index.
1. plot: We burn the cable NUM and VVGng-LS under equal conditions;

At its core, this cable is not much different from - however, there are two differences. For example, round cables (and the core form factor can be round, flat or triangular) use halogen-free filler, as well as unvulcanized rubber, which has a very good degree of fire safety. Also, a special insulation coating is used for the cable sheath, which has anti-flammability properties, unlike.

Otherwise, the number of cores can vary from one to six, their cross-sections can reach 240 mm 2, the diameter also changes in proportion to the cross-sectional area, the permissible current, depending on the type and number of wires, can vary from 21A to 704A, and the weight varies from approximately 40 kg/km to several tons for the same one kilometer. If you decide to buy such a cable, carefully read its description in the store - after all, you may come across a product that does not have the characteristics that you need. The price varies greatly depending on the characteristics, and the cost can increase hundreds of times if the number of cores and their total area. The traditional service life of such a product is more than thirty years, of which five are usually under warranty.

Temperature range when using VVGng: from -30°С to +50°С

Relative humidity should be up to 98% at +35 degrees Celsius.

Minimum bending radius when laying

• single-core cables - 10 outer diameters,
• multi-core cables - 7.5 outer diameters.

Long-term permissible heating temperature of cable cores during operation: +70°C

Limit temperature of current-carrying conductors of cables under the condition of non-ignition of the cable during short-circuit: + 400°C

Power cables with plastic insulation, flame retardant, low smoke and gas emissions for voltages up to 1 kV (ng-LS) TU 16.K71-310-2001

Application area
For transmission and distribution electrical energy in stationary installations at alternating voltages of 0.66 and 1 kV and constant voltages up to 1 kV. Cables are manufactured for general industrial use and nuclear power plants for supply to the domestic market and for export. For use in NPP systems of classes 2, 3 and 4 according to classification OPB-88/97 (PNAEG-01-011-97). Climatic version of cable UHL-T, placement category 5 according to GOST 15150-69.
The cables are recommended for use in the construction of residential buildings, public buildings, facilities nuclear energy, metro. The cables correspond to the best foreign analogues.

Cables are made 1, 2, 3, 4, 5-core (A)
	(A) VVGng-LS Copper or aluminum, single-wire or multi-wire, round or sector compacted conductor Extruded PVC insulation with reduced fire hazard Outer sheath made of PVC plastic compound of reduced fire hazard
	(A) VBBShvng-LS Cores - single-wire or multi-wire copper (VBBShvng-LS) or aluminum (AVBbShvng-LS) conductor Insulation - PVC plastic compound of reduced fire hazard Inner sheath made of PVC with reduced fire hazard Armor made of two galvanized steel strips Outer shell - PVC plastic compound of reduced fire hazard

* With round cores.

Power cables, with PVC insulation, flame retardant, with low smoke and gas emission for voltage 6 kV TU 16.K10-016-2003

Application area
For transmission and distribution of electrical energy in stationary installations at alternating voltage up to 6 kV. Cables are manufactured for general industrial use and nuclear power plants for supply to the domestic market and for export. For use in NPP systems of classes 2,3 and 4 according to classification OPB-88/97 (PNAEG-01-011-97). Type of climatic version of the cable - B, placement category 5 according to GOST 15150-69.
terms of Use
VVGng-LS, AVVGng-LS, for installation in fire hazardous areas, provided there is no danger of mechanical damage. VBVng-LS, AVBVng-LS - for installation in cable structures and premises, incl. in fire hazardous areas in the absence of tensile forces during operation.

Main technical and operational characteristics

Power cable with flame retardant polyvinyl chloride insulation for alternating voltage up to 0.66 kV with a frequency of 50 Hz NYMng-LS TU 3521-039-05755714-2007

Application area
The cable is intended for the transmission and distribution of electrical energy in stationary installations for alternating voltage up to 0.66 kV with a frequency of 50 Hz. Climatic version of the cable is UHL, T, placement categories 1-5 according to GOST 15150-69. Fire safety class according to NBP 248-97- PRGP1.
terms of Use
The cable is intended for installation of electrical wiring and cable lines in industrial, residential and public buildings and structures, as well as in cable structures to ensure safe operation electrical equipment of protection class 1 electrical safety along with cables of the VVGng type. The cable can be used for laying power and lighting networks in explosive zones of classes V-1b, V-1g, V-IIa, as well as for lighting networks in explosive zones of class B-Ia.

Main technical and operational characteristics

Core colors

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For reference: The “Directory” section on the website is intended for informational purposes only. The directory was compiled by sampling data from open sources, as well as thanks to information coming from manufacturers cable products. The section is constantly updated with new data and improved for ease of use.

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“Optical cables. Manufacturing plants. General information. Structures, equipment, technical documentation, certificates"
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