Which floor is better to make in an apartment: wooden or concrete? Which floor is better in a private house - concrete or wooden? Which floors are better

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Which floor is better to make in an apartment: wooden or concrete? Which floor is better in a private house - concrete or wooden? Which floors are better - wooden or concrete?

There are currently many floor coverings on the modern construction market, but, as before, the base for them can only be of two types: concrete or wood. This article provides instructions for arranging the base with your own hands, and will also give comparative analysis the merits of these coatings, and which floors are better, wooden or concrete, for you, you can decide for yourself by analyzing this article.

Photo of a reliable floor.

Wooden floor

The logs can be based on brick or concrete pillars, laid on a foundation or attached to walls. Read more about each method below.

Installation of logs

Logs in buildings with large square footage are laid on the columns. The step between the columns is from 70 cm to 1 m. Leave about 60 cm between rows.
Before erecting the columns, a layer of soil should be removed; as a rule, the fertile layer is removed, or the soil is simply removed 20 - 30 cm below the soil level around the house.
Next, we mark the places for the columns and make a small foundation for each column, fill it with gravel and sand as a blind area and lay brick columns 1.5 or 2 bricks wide on the mortar. It should be laid in a well, inner space reinforced and filled with concrete. You can simply make a formwork for a post measuring 50x50 cm, install a reinforcement grid and fill it with concrete.

Concrete pillars.

All columns are aligned horizontally. Waterproofing consisting of 2–3 layers of roofing felt is laid on top of them.
After this, you should make a blind area. It can be made from gravel, crushed stone or sand; in some areas of our country, where there are metallurgical plants, it is cheaper to fill in waste slag. The blind area is covered in layers and compacted; it should rise above the ground by 200 mm.
Next, we lay the logs at the level with a 100 mm overlap on the foundation; be sure to leave a gap of 20 mm between the logs and the wall.
If the structure is small, then you can do without installing columns, but in this case the logs are taken with a larger cross-section or logs are used as load-bearing beams.
The supporting load-bearing beams must be laid at least 100 mm above the foundation beams or piping, plus 20 mm for the damper gap. If the foundation is narrow and there is not enough support, then the beam cuts into the wall to the missing depth, but no more than half the wall. You can attach special metal supporting structures to the wall and lay beams on them.

Installation of logs on poles.

Floor installation

When the logs are laid, we begin to install the floor. The coating can be single or double.

We will consider a more capital double, since a single coating is an unfinished double.

Installation without poles.

Important: all wood that goes onto the floor must be treated with protective solutions. For a finished floor, they must be colorless; it is cheaper to treat a rough floor covering with machine oil.

Initially, you need to fill the bottom of the log with a 40x40 mm cranial beam. The planks of the first level of the rough coating are laid on it; it is not necessary to nail them, since only the insulation will lie on them. As a rule, a croaker is taken or not edged board.
Next, polyethylene is covered as waterproofing and secured with a stapler. Insulation is placed on it in the openings between the joists; the best option is mineral or glass wool. The level of insulation should be 15 mm below the level of the final coating.
The insulation is covered with a vapor barrier and a finished floor is mounted on top.
For interfloor ceilings, where the floor of the upper floor is the ceiling of the lower one, initially an edged board is attached to the joists from below with self-tapping screws; clapboard or other finishing material can be stuffed onto it.
Next, a vapor barrier is laid on top, insulation is laid on it and covered with another layer of vapor barrier. After that, you need to lay a 5.5 mm soundproofing pad on the joists, it can be cork or polyethylene foam, and a clean, wooden covering is already laid on it.

Laying the lower level between the joists.

Concrete base

Concrete foundations are more durable and therefore, at this time, most buildings are made this way. But concrete has one serious disadvantage: it is cold. In this regard, the concrete base can be insulated on its own or an insulated material can be laid on top finishing coat, for example, a wooden floor on a concrete base.

When building a private house, the best option is to use reinforced concrete slabs ceilings But if the house is old and stands on the ground, then it would be reasonable to fill it on the 1st floor concrete screed. To do this, remove the old coating down to the ground.
Next, we fill the area with gravel or sand in layers and compact it. After which a layer of waterproofing is laid on it.
After this, a reinforcing structure is installed to give rigidity to the base. We place metal beacons horizontally on the fittings, level. Next, fill in the solution and level it along the beacons.
This floor screed will harden for at least a month; after hardening, you can install wooden floors on concrete.
If floor slabs act as the base, then after removing the old base and cleaning, you should measure the level of curvature of the base. If the difference in height does not exceed 35 - 40 mm, then self-leveling mixtures can be used; they are poured simply and quickly, plus they harden in a maximum of 10 days.
Before pouring, you need to putty all the joints and cracks on the plane and cover the floor with several layers of soil for waterproofing. You can cover it with polyethylene.
If the curvature along the plane is greater, then it is more advisable to fill the cement-sand screed along the beacons, because the price of self-leveling mixtures is quite high.

Filling on beacons.

Important: when pouring the screed with your own hands for several days, carefully monitor the joints between pours. Because due to the difference in temperature between the cooled solution and the fresh one, an overflow may form.

If you plan to lay tiles on a screed or subsequently install a heated floor system, then it makes sense to insulate the screed initially. To do this, waterproofing is laid on the base, and polystyrene foam boards are laid on it. For floors on the ground, a slab with a thickness of about 50 mm is taken; for flooring with a warm lower floor, 20 mm is enough or covered with penofol.
A reinforcing mesh is laid on the insulation and the solution is poured.

Important: no matter what you are installing, pouring the screed, installing joists or laying the finishing coating, you must leave a damping gap, otherwise the whole work may be hopelessly ruined.

Arrangement of technological gap.

When your screed is ready, you can lay any covering on it, depending on your desires and capabilities.
Under the linoleum you need to cover the surface with soil several times and you can lay it. Under the laminated floor or parquet, waterproofing is laid, the underlay is laid and the covering is installed.
But if your ceiling height allows, we recommend installing the flooring on joists. To do this, cover the concrete base with waterproofing and place the logs horizontally on it. In this case, a beam with a cross section of 50x50 mm or 50x100 mm, in increments of 30 - 50 cm, is sufficient for the logs.
Insulation is laid between the joists and covered with a vapor barrier, and the gap between the insulation and the top flooring should be about 5 mm.
Next, we recommend making the flooring from thick plywood or OSB boards, in rooms with high humidity You can cover the slabs with DSP. The flooring is done in 2 layers with a spacing between the slabs. After installation is complete, any finishing coating can be laid on such a warm flooring.

Installation of logs on a concrete screed.

Of course, a wooden floor is more environmentally friendly, its price is often lower than concrete, it is warm and reliable, but short-lived. And there is a possibility that your descendants, having decided to change their gender, will remember you “with a not evil, quiet word.”

In our opinion, it is more reasonable to do combined option coating, in other words, the base is poured from reliable, durable concrete, and then you make a slab flooring on the joists. If necessary, you can tear it down and install an economical heated water floor or other covering to suit your taste in its place.

Installation of slab flooring.

Conclusion

Should I install a concrete or wooden floor? It is, of course, up to you to decide. We revealed the main points of installation and gave practical advice, but everyone has their own situation, and if this information is not enough for you, then the video in this article clearly shows the process of installing the coating. Look, decide!

Installation wooden covering on a concrete base.

shkolapola.ru

Which floor is better, concrete or wood?

When choosing between concrete and wooden floors, you need to start from the room in which it is planned. Each of these types has its own advantages and disadvantages

When is the best time to use a concrete floor?

This flooring is used in industrial buildings where they will experience heavy mechanical load. Cheap and quite durable, which is why it has earned its popularity. For these reasons, it is also popular in residential buildings. In addition, concrete allows you to reduce the thickness of the floor layer.

Among the disadvantages, it is worth noting the need for additional flooring in residential buildings, without it the floor has no aesthetic appearance. In industrial buildings this problem is less pressing. It also does not have sufficient noise and heat insulation (this problem can be solved by adding expanded clay to the solution).

When is a wooden floor best suited?

Wooden floor in the house

This type of floor is usually used in residential buildings. It is environmentally friendly, cheap, quick to install, can be used without floor covering, and is warm. Using quality wood And paints and varnishes You can get a beautiful aesthetic look.

Disadvantages of this type of floor

Previously, wooden floors could often be seen in public buildings: schools, libraries, shops, and so on. Time has shown all its shortcomings and now concrete and self-leveling floors are used. The disadvantages include:

not durable,
afraid of moisture
weak strength,
not resistant to aggressive liquids.

Wooden floors are not suitable for rooms with high humidity, sudden changes temperatures and heavy loads.

Which floor to choose for a private home, video

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Installation of floors in a private house

One of important stages construction of an individual house or cottage is the arrangement of the floor. If you decide to install floors in a private house with your own hands, then you need to not only think about what material they will be made of, but also carefully study the basics of installation. Let's figure out which flooring material is better to choose, and the nuances of arranging floors different designs.

What material to choose for the floor

As a rule, in a private house the floor is most often made of wood or concrete, and is subsequently covered with a finishing floor covering.

Wooden floors in a private home are still as in demand and popular as they were many years ago. And this is not only a tribute to the centuries-old tradition of arranging floors in Rus', but also recognition of the practical characteristics of this material. The tree has the following advantages:

strength and durability;
environmental friendliness;
ease of repair and restoration;
low thermal conductivity;
relatively low price.

If you decide to install a wooden floor in your home, then it is very important to choose lumber wisely. Experts recommend:

Choose the right type of wood. Of course, ideal option will choose a board made of oak, ash or larch, but, unfortunately, such lumber has one significant drawback - a high price and therefore not everyone can afford it. A worthy alternative can be coniferous wood, that is, fir, pine, spruce or cedar.
You should purchase dry boards and beams. To avoid deformation of the floor, the wood for it should have a moisture content of no more than 12%.
The wood should not have cracks, chips or knots.
Everything before installation wooden materials must be treated with an antiseptic and fire retardant. This will protect your floors from germs and insects and also make them fire resistant.

Floor installation in a private house has its own characteristics

However, many modern homeowners decide to pour concrete floors. This choice is explained by the high strength and long service life of this floor. After complete drying, concrete floors are usually covered with modern floor coverings: linoleum, laminate, tiles or parquet.

Please note! When arranging a concrete floor, it is important to prepare a solution High Quality and fill it strictly following the technology.

Flooring options for a private home

Let's find out what floor designs there are. The choice of floor type largely depends on the intended use of the building. For example, for garden house, which, as a rule, is visited only in the summer, it will be quite enough to install single plank floors. If you are building a house for permanent residence, then it is necessary not only to choose the material, but also to carefully consider the insulation.

Plank single floors

This is the easiest option to install and subsequently operate. It is worth considering if you are building a house for seasonal stay in the warm season or live in an area with a mild climate.

When arranging a single wooden floor, you must consider:

Single plank floors

Plank double floors

Such floors take longer to make and their installation will require more financial investments, however, they are much warmer than single floors and, with proper installation, can be used year-round in any climate.

Double floors require the initial installation of a subfloor. It can be made from any wood. For this purpose, for example, unedged pine boards, slabs or other inexpensive lumber are suitable. A layer of waterproofing is laid on the subfloor, which will prevent moisture from entering the room from the ground. For waterproofing, you can use thick plastic film, roofing felt, parchment or special membrane material.

Double plank floors

The space between the rough and finished floors is filled with insulation. For insulation, expanded clay is often used, which is not only lightweight, but also does not rot or caking. Previously, villages used a mixture of clay with sawdust or straw for insulation. Today, mineral or stone wool, polystyrene foam or polystyrene foam. It should be noted that the option with polystyrene foam is not very successful, since voles and other rodents are very fond of this material.

After the thermal insulation layer, a vapor barrier is laid, which is covered with a finished floor - tongue and groove boards.

Concrete floor in a private house

For a concrete floor, a cement-cement mixture, concrete (sand-cement mixture with additives: crushed stone, slag, expanded clay and other similar materials) or special self-leveling solutions are used.

Concrete floor

The construction of a concrete floor is carried out in several stages:

Marking. To perform it use laser level. Based on the measurement results, marks are made and the cord is pulled.
Floor cushion installation. The backfill is made of expanded clay or gravel and sand. This layer will serve as a kind of water barrier and thermal insulation. The soil must be cleared of debris and leveled. After this, stakes are installed, which should be 10 centimeters lower than the future floor. Backfilling is carried out starting from the wall farthest to the door. The gravel is leveled and compacted flush with the stakes.
A layer of sand is poured over the gravel or expanded clay, spilled with water and compacted thoroughly.
A layer of waterproofing is laid on top of the pillow. It is made of thick polyethylene film. The film is applied to the walls of the room by 10–15 cm. If the width of the polyethylene strip is not enough to cover the entire room, then lay several strips overlapping and connect them together with tape.
Beacons are installed on the waterproofing layer. For lighthouses, it is best to take metal U-shaped profiles. They are installed at a distance of 1–1.5 m from each other. The upper edges of the planks should touch the cords stretched during marking.
Starting from the far wall, pour concrete mortar, leveling it according to the rule.
After pouring all the mortar, cover the floor from above plastic film and left until completely hardened for 28–30 days. The screed must be moistened every 3-4 days. Avoid exposing the laid concrete to direct sunlight and drafts. All this will allow the concrete to gain maximum strength.

Lay the mortar along the beacons - this facilitates the leveling process

Flooring in rooms for various purposes

Depending on the type of room, floor requirements are different requirements. So, for example, for premises general purpose with high cross-country ability best choice there will be ceramic tiles. The basis for this coating can be epoxy or polyurethane self-leveling floors.

If the floors are arranged in basement, then, first of all, take care of the waterproofing device. In such rooms it would be more appropriate to pour a concrete floor. The concrete floor is quite durable, serves as an obstacle to the entry of moisture into the room and has high stability To mechanical stress.

In rooms with high humidity, it is best to lay tiles on the floor

If granite or marble chips are available, then a mosaic floor can be made in the rooms described above. This floor has beautiful view and can be used without additional finishing coat.

Interesting solution for a bathroom, you can use cork with water-repellent impregnation or moisture-resistant laminate.

On balconies and terraces, materials that are resistant to high humidity and weather conditions are used for flooring. The floor covering for these rooms is clinker or ceramic tiles. Also good deck boards with special impregnation.

Warm floor

Today, heated floors are increasingly used. This floor design allows you to create maximum comfort in the house and is used not only for additional heating, but also as the main heating. In a private house the best option There will be a water heated floor.

Please note! You should not install a heated floor system under a wooden floor covering, since wood has low thermal conductivity and heat will not reach the room well.

It is best to make a concrete screed under heated floors.

Installation of water heated floor

We told you how to make a floor in a private house. Regardless of the type of floor you choose, do not forget to follow the installation technology and carefully perform each stage. Remember also that you should not skimp on building materials even when arranging a subfloor. Using low-grade or expired materials or ignoring any layer of the floor will subsequently lead to rapid deformation and destruction. Such an “economical” floor will not last long, and the apparent savings will very soon turn into additional costs.

zonapola.ru

What floors are best for a private home?

Building a private house is a rather lengthy process that requires a certain amount of time and considerable effort. Many owners suburban areas want to save on construction costs by doing some of the work themselves. To figure out how to make wooden floors in a private home, you should take care of the preparation of materials, as well as the choice necessary tools.

Choosing a floor design

Before starting work, you should select the type of floor construction. Among the most common are the following varieties:

single;
double;
concrete floor.

The choice of a specific design is based on the characteristics of the building in which the floor will be laid. The main factor influencing this decision is the nature of the use of the house. When choosing a single design, it is worth considering that it is only suitable for summer houses or dachas. The installation of such a floor in a house with year-round accommodation unacceptable.

In this case, the boardwalk is simply laid on the logs. The thermal insulation of such a floor is very low. To construct such foundations, you do not need to prepare a lot of material. Work on installing a single floor is carried out quite quickly.

If you decide to build a capital a private house, in which you can live at any time, you should start building a double floor. This design is more insulated than the single version. The main layers of such a floor are the rough and finishing coating. Between them are placed layers of hydro- and thermal insulation. Such a floor arrangement can protect the entire structure of the house from destruction.

Often the rough layer of double flooring in country house executed from unedged boards. The finishing is done from tongue and groove boards. All stages of work can be carried out independently. Thermal insulation is usually made of expanded clay.

Another option for creating a floor in a private house is a concrete base. Such structures are made by pouring a concrete screed. If you meet all the requirements when creating such a floor, it will turn out durable and strong. It can also be finished with any coating.

Laying a wooden floor

Wooden flooring is chosen quite often to create a covering in private homes. This is due to its environmental friendliness. Many people want to have high-quality wood flooring. Such floors have a number of significant advantages.

When carefully treated, wood flooring can last for decades without changing its appearance or physical characteristics. In addition, wooden floors have high thermal insulation properties. They create comfort in the house. In addition, the installation of wooden flooring is done by hand. To work, you will need to prepare a standard set of tools.

Before making a floor in a private house, you should take care of choosing the type of wood. It should be selected according to the type of structure. The floor is made of several layers. It must contain heat and waterproofing. The underground plays a role air gap. At her expense wooden elements will not be exposed to moisture. They will not develop mold or mildew.

The floor covering is constantly subject to mechanical stress during operation. That is why the wood that will be chosen for the floor must have good technical characteristics. Before installing the covering, the boards should be dried. The humidity of wooden elements should not exceed 12%.

It is also worth visually inspecting the elements of the future floor. There should be no chips or cracks on them. Otherwise, this may affect the quality of the coating. Also, before installation, wooden elements are treated with antiseptics and fire retardants. This will extend the service life of such products.

Installation of a wooden floor is carried out in the following sequence:

First you need to determine where to install the supports. In place of the removed one fertile soil gravel should be added. Sand is poured on top. This is how the pillow is made. Each layer should be compacted thoroughly. The ends of the support pillars are wrapped waterproofing material. Typically, roofing felt is used for this purpose.
After this, the beams should be laid. And they are attached to the supports using corners and screws. Floors in a country house should be carefully insulated. Professional builders recommend laying plywood sheets before installing insulation. Typically used as insulation material mineral wool.
When the insulation layer has been laid, the rough flooring can begin. The boards should be selected so that they fit tightly together. Self-tapping screws are used to connect them to the beams. About 1.5 cm is left between the subfloor and the walls. Such gaps make it possible to eliminate distortions in the structure when thermal expansion.
A vapor barrier is laid on top of the subfloor. It is usually 200 microns thick. The joints of the canvas are taped with construction tape. The edges of the vapor barrier are placed on the walls to a height of 20 cm. After laying the film, you should begin laying the finishing coating.

For the finished floor, solid wood boards are used. Sheets of plywood can also be used. They are much easier to attach. However, their appearance leaves much to be desired. For this reason, it is better to choose tongue and groove boards. Plywood can be covered in different ways decorative finishing. Floorboards are usually varnished. This allows you to protect the coating from various influences. Also, through the use of varnish, you can emphasize the aesthetic properties of a wooden floor. You can build a heated floor with your own hands if you construct a concrete screed.

Concrete floor

Creating a concrete base requires some preparation. First, the site on which it is planned to create the floor must be cleared of debris. You also need to remove the top layer of soil. The earth must be compacted. Gravel is poured on top. The concrete floor structure should be insulated. The gravel layer is covered with sand. Once it is compacted, you can lay down plastic film. It will become a reliable waterproofing.

Then the work is carried out according to standard scheme. Reinforcement bars are placed on the waterproofing layer and concrete solution is poured. In this case, the concrete screed is made in the same way as that installed in the apartment. To make the floor level, you need to set the beacons. As soon as the concrete dries, they should be removed. The solution is leveled using the rule. The work is done from the wall towards the doorway.

In the process of pouring concrete mortar, it is better to do the work according to certain rules. For example, the mixture must be fresh. Also, in the process of its preparation, cement of a certain brand is used. It must be no lower than M300. In addition, water and sand sifting are added to the solution. Plasticizers increase the strength of concrete.

If the screed is more than 5 cm, reinforcement should be laid. For this purpose, a ready-made mesh is usually purchased. It is laid on a waterproofing film. When creating a heated floor system in a country house, the use of plasticizers and reinforcement is mandatory.

As soon as the concrete gains strength, you can pull out the beacons and fill the resulting voids with concrete mortar. It takes about a month for concrete to completely harden. A warm floor in a private house will require the installation of heating elements either during the screed or after its construction.

Drying the floor follows certain rules. The base should be covered with plastic film. The concrete must be wetted within three days. If the screed has a heated floor system, it is prohibited to turn it on until the solution has completely hardened. Otherwise, the floor will crack.

Finishing

Laying the topcoat is quite simple. Decorative elements are installed independently. Choice finishing depends on the tastes of the owner of the house. It is also worth considering the characteristics of the floor.

There are several options. The most common of them is boardwalk. In this case, the finished floor does not need to be additionally covered. When choosing this option, you get a rather beautiful and practical coating. In addition, floor boards will last for decades if properly treated. They are usually impregnated with special compounds and varnished. This allows you to protect the floor from dirt and various chemical substances.

Concrete flooring in a country house is usually done taking into account the installation of the finishing coating. Parquet is usually chosen for its finishing. However, such a floor will be quite expensive. It is characterized by high environmental friendliness and an excellent degree of thermal insulation. It is impractical to install parquet flooring in a country house, because it is not planned permanent residence. However, for a permanent structure such a coating will be optimal.

Other flooring materials include carpet, laminate, tile and linoleum. Laminate flooring is installed in the living room and bedrooms. Linoleum is only suitable for flooring in the hallway and kitchen. Tiles are also used to cover the floors in the kitchen and hallway. Carpet should also be used for the bedroom.

The variety of modern colors and flooring materials allows you to choose the most optimal covering option for yourself. Floors with different patterns look very beautiful. Looks impressive natural stone and wood.

conclusions

To figure out which types of flooring are more suitable for a private home, you should know the operating features of the building. For example, for country house there is no need to arrange the floor in several layers. It also does not need to be insulated. Such buildings are used only in the warm season. Also, flooring in a private house is usually done using wood. This material has a low price and is also easy and quick to install.

For permanent buildings it will be necessary to equip more complex design. Wooden floors must have several layers, including hydro- and thermal insulation. Before installing such a floor, you must carefully prepare. You will also have to pick up quality materials. Before deciding what type of flooring to install in a private home, you should familiarize yourself with the features of each type of floor.

Concrete base is carried out in stages. It is chosen only when it is necessary to create a reliable and durable floor.

At the very beginning of the renovation, we are faced with a choice: to use a cement-sand screed or a wooden floor? And what is the difference between them, we will now figure it out.

Price

Screed is a reliable option for installing a subfloor. To fill a 5 cm thick screed, you will need 0.5 bags of cement and 1.5 bags of sand. The cost of cement is about 300 rubles for a 50 kg bag, a bag of sand of the same weight will cost about 50 rubles. It turns out that one m2 of screed will cost approximately 225 rubles. The cost of work is approximately 250 rubles per m2. In total, you can meet 500 rubles per 1 m2 of screed. This is the cost of working with materials.

Now let's look at a wooden floor. As a basis, we will take dry timber 100x100 mm in increments of 40 cm. On top is OSB 18 mm thick. The cost of OSB is approximately 1.8 thousand rubles. per sheet, one sheet - 3 m2 (or 600 rubles per m2). The cost of dry timber is approximately 16,000 rubles per m3. For 1 m2 of floor it will take 2.5 meters of timber (this is 0.025 m3 or 400 rubles). It turns out that the material will cost 1000 rubles per 1 m2 + the cost of carpenter services is 250 rubles per 1 m2, totaling 1250 rubles per 1 m2 of wooden floor.

Communications

IN modern houses The heating system, water supply and sewerage are laid exclusively in the floor. If you have an impulse, then wooden floors can be sawed quite quickly and simply, while the screed will have to be chiseled, and the dust will stand in a column. Deadlines

The screed gains full strength within 28 days from the date of pouring, with 70% of the strength already in the first week. All this time, the solution gives off moisture and nothing can be laid on it, but few people follow this technology.

The wooden floor can be used immediately after tightening the last screw, without worrying about any consequences.

Durability

If a wooden floor is not laid by a professional, then after a week or two a creaking noise will appear under your feet. Even the most inept person can do the screed, and it won’t creak or crack. If the screed is made poorly, you will easily notice it in the first week at the stage of rough work. It will begin to crack or buckle.

Weight

Weight of 1 m2 of OSB with a thickness of 18 mm is 12 kg. Wooden logs(1 m2) weigh approximately 25 kg, depending on the type of wood. In total, 1 m2 of wooden floor weighs approximately 40 kg.

1 m2 of screed with a thickness of 5 cm weighs 100 kg. And if you choose what material to lift to the floor, then it would seem that the choice should fall on wood. But this opinion is wrong. Bags weighing 50 kg can be transported in any elevator, be it a new building or panel house. The tree will have to be carried up the stairs, since it simply won’t fit in the elevator.

Ecology

There is no need to talk about the environmental friendliness of materials. Since both cement and OSB are chemistry clean water. But manufacturers will easily issue certificates that both can be given to children for breakfast.

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Unique cherry (bush varieties)

There are currently many floor coverings on the modern construction market, but, as before, the base for them can only be of two types: concrete or wood. This article provides instructions for arranging the base with your own hands, a comparative analysis of the advantages of these coatings will also be given, and which floors are better than wooden or concrete for you, you can decide for yourself after analyzing this article.

Wooden floor

The logs can be based on brick or concrete pillars, laid on a foundation or attached to walls. Read more about each method below.

Installation of logs

Logs in buildings with large square footage are laid on columns. The step between the columns is from 70 cm to 1 m. Leave about 60 cm between rows.
Before erecting columns, a layer of soil should be removed As a rule, the fertile layer is removed, or the soil is simply removed 20 - 30 cm below the soil level around the house.
Next, we mark the places for the columns and make a small foundation for each column., as a blind area, we fill in gravel with sand and lay brick columns 1.5 or 2 bricks wide on the mortar.
It should be laid in a well, the internal space is reinforced and filled with concrete. You can simply make a formwork for a post measuring 50x50 cm, install a reinforcement grid and fill it with concrete.

All columns are aligned horizontally. Waterproofing consisting of 2–3 layers of roofing felt is laid on top of them.
After this, you should make a blind area. It can be made from gravel, crushed stone or sand; in some areas of our country, where there are metallurgical plants, it is cheaper to fill in waste slag. The blind area is covered in layers and compacted; it should rise above the ground by 200 mm.
Next, we lay the logs at the level with an approach to the foundation of 100 mm, be sure to leave a gap of 20 mm between the joists and the wall.
If the building is small, then you can do without installing columns, but in this case the logs are taken with a larger cross-section or logs are used as load-bearing beams.
The supporting load-bearing beams must be laid at least 100 mm on the foundation checks or piping, plus 20 mm for the damper gap. If the foundation is narrow and there is not enough support, then the beam cuts into the wall to the missing depth, but no more than half the wall. You can attach special metal supporting structures to the wall and lay beams on them.

Floor installation

When the logs are laid, we begin to install the floor. The coating can be single or double.

We will consider a more capital double, since a single coating is an unfinished double.

Important: all wood that goes onto the floor must be treated with protective solutions.
For a finished floor, they should be colorless; a rough floor covering is cheapest to treat using waste machine oil.

Initially, you need to fill the bottom of the log with a 40x40 mm cranial beam. The planks of the first level of the rough coating are laid on it; it is not necessary to nail them, since only the insulation will lie on them. As a rule, a slab or unedged board is used.
Next, polyethylene is covered as waterproofing and secured with a stapler. Insulation is placed on it in the openings between the joists; the best option is mineral or glass wool. The level of insulation should be 15 mm below the level of the final coating.
The insulation is covered with a vapor barrier and a finished floor is mounted on top.
For interfloor ceilings, where the floor of the upper floor is the ceiling of the lower one, initially an edged board is attached to the joists from below with self-tapping screws; clapboard or other finishing material can be stuffed onto it.
Next, a vapor barrier is laid on top, insulation is laid on it and covered with another layer of vapor barrier. After that, you need to lay a 5.5 mm soundproofing pad on the joists, it can be cork or polyethylene foam, and a clean, wooden covering is already laid on it.

Concrete base

Concrete foundations are more durable and therefore, at this time, most buildings are made this way. But concrete has one serious disadvantage: it is cold. In this regard, the concrete base can be insulated on its own or an insulated finishing coating, for example, a wooden floor over a concrete base, is laid on top.

Installation of concrete screed

When building a private house, the best option is to use reinforced concrete floor slabs. But if the house is old and stands on the ground, then it would be reasonable to pour a concrete screed on the 1st floor. To do this, remove the old coating down to the ground.
Next, we fill the area with gravel or sand in layers and compact it. After which a layer of waterproofing is laid on it.
After this, a reinforcing structure is installed to give rigidity to the base. We place metal beacons horizontally on the fittings, level. Next, fill in the solution and level it along the beacons.
This floor screed will harden for at least a month; after hardening, you can install wooden floors on concrete.
If floor slabs act as the base, then after removing the old base and cleaning, you should measure the level of curvature of the base. If the difference in height does not exceed 35 - 40 mm, then self-leveling mixtures can be used; they are poured simply and quickly, plus they harden in a maximum of 10 days.
Before pouring, you need to putty all the joints and cracks on the plane and cover the floor with several layers of soil for waterproofing. You can cover it with polyethylene.
If the curvature along the plane is greater, then it is more advisable to fill the cement-sand screed along the beacons, because the price of self-leveling mixtures is quite high.

Important: when pouring the screed with your own hands for several days, carefully monitor the joints between pours.
Because due to the temperature difference between the cooled solution and the fresh one, an influx can form.

If you plan to lay tiles on a screed or subsequently install a heated floor system, then it makes sense to insulate the screed initially. To do this, waterproofing is laid on the base, and polystyrene foam boards are laid on it. For floors on the ground, a slab with a thickness of about 50 mm is taken; for flooring with a warm lower floor, 20 mm is enough or covered with penofol.
A reinforcing mesh is laid on the insulation and the solution is poured.

Important: no matter what you are installing, pouring the screed, installing joists or laying the finishing coating.
It is necessary to leave a damper gap, otherwise the whole work may be hopelessly ruined.

When your screed is ready, you can lay any covering on it, depending on your desires and capabilities.
Under the linoleum you need to cover the surface with soil several times and you can lay it. Under the laminated floor or parquet, waterproofing is laid, the underlay is laid and the covering is installed.
But if your ceiling height allows, we recommend installing the flooring on joists. To do this, cover the concrete base with waterproofing and place the logs horizontally on it. In this case, a beam with a cross section of 50x50 mm or 50x100 mm, in increments of 30 - 50 cm, is sufficient for the logs.
Insulation is laid between the joists and covered with a vapor barrier, and the gap between the insulation and the top flooring should be about 5 mm.
Next, we recommend making the flooring from thick plywood or OSB boards; in rooms with high humidity, you can lay DSP boards. The flooring is done in 2 layers with a spacing between the slabs. After installation is complete, any finishing coating can be laid on such a warm flooring.

Comparative analysis

In our opinion, it is more reasonable to make a combined version of the covering, in other words, the base is poured from reliable, durable concrete, and then you make a slab flooring on the joists. If necessary, you can tear it down and install an economical heated water floor or other covering to suit your taste in its place.

Under construction country house its owner is faced with the question of choosing a gender. Both concrete and wooden structures. Both of them have features that need to be taken into account. Therefore, do not worry when choosing a base. First you need to consider the type of room, how often and for what purposes it is used. Even the area of the rooms is important. But the last thing you should look at is the price, because the cheapness of building materials often leads to problems in the future.

Comparing all these parameters, let's consider the features of wooden and concrete floors.

Pros and cons of concrete floors

As a rule, such bases are preferred due to their strength and durability. Concrete screeds are quickly installed and are moisture resistant. In addition, concrete is completely uninteresting to rodents and insects. This material is fire resistant.

Healthy! Concrete floors, unlike their wooden counterparts, can reduce the thickness of the floor. Usually a 5 cm concrete screed is sufficient.

If we talk about the price of the issue, then, of course, a concrete screed will cost less. You will need to buy cement, sand and preferably reinforcing mesh. On average, 1 m2 will cost 230-250 rubles.

But a concrete floor is much heavier than a wooden one. This means that it will heavily load the supporting structure of the house. This option is rarely used for the second floor, and even more so for an old one. wooden dacha. In addition, if you prepare the concrete mixture incorrectly and do not take into account the installation technology, then such a floor can easily crack. For example, the mixture should be poured evenly. If there is much more of it in one place, then the composition will set differently, in one area it will already harden, and in another it will only begin to gain the required strength. Therefore, it is important to use special beacons to monitor the level of the concrete composition.

Another significant drawback is that the floor will not be usable for quite some time. for a long time after filling. The composition gains strength in 28-30 days, so the room cannot be used for a month.

You also need to understand that concrete is much colder than wood. Therefore, in living rooms on the ground floor it is necessary to lay flooring (for example, laminate). But even if the room is warm, the concrete looks very unsightly. Wood can be treated or varnished and this will be quite enough.

The coating will also be needed to increase the noise and heat insulation of the room. The tree also benefits in this sense.

Healthy! The problem with thermal insulation can be easily solved by adding expanded clay to the concrete mixture during its preparation.

Communications (heating, water supply, etc.) are laid in the floor. If you fill them with concrete, then if a pipe breaks or if it simply needs to be replaced, you will have to destroy the entire floor. If it is laid wooden base, then it will be enough to remove a couple of boards, do the work and then put the same boards back.

When should you pour a concrete floor?

This type of base is suitable for industrial premises, garage and room where supplies are stored. Concrete is used if the building is expected to experience strong mechanical loads. But this does not mean that it is not used for houses, just as it is used.

For example, a concrete floor is rational on the first floor of a two- or three-story building with a massive structure. He is also the only one the right decision, If we're talking about about the basement. No matter how you treat the wood, if it is in constant contact with wet soil, it will still begin to rot.

Wooden floors

Such floors have a huge number of advantages. For example, wood is certainly much more environmentally friendly than concrete. If you choose high-quality materials, you don’t need to think about spending on additional flooring.

In addition, the tree has other advantages:

Retains heat much better.
Does not create increased load on bearing structures Houses.
If one of the boards is cracked or damaged, it can be easily replaced with a new one without replacing the entire structure.
If you are tired of the shade of the floor, then the wood can be repainted without any problems. It will not lose its aesthetic appearance.

Healthy! If you need to wait almost a month after pouring concrete, then a wooden floor can be used immediately after installation.

But there are also disadvantages. For example, if the house does not have ground floor, then you will have to make a double floor. First, the so-called subfloor is laid (you can use boards of no better quality for it), then comes the insulation and finishing layer (you need to use the best materials for it).

Healthy! If a concrete screed costs about 230 rubles per “square”, then a tree will cost at least 1,000 rubles. Moreover, there is always a risk that you bought low-quality material. In addition, to lay such a floor you need to have at least minimal carpenter skills or you will have to hire a craftsman.

You will also have to take care of impregnating the wood with specialized compounds that will increase fire and moisture resistance. But even this may not save you from insects and rodents, which will gradually destroy the structure. Thus, wood has a shorter service life than concrete.

Healthy! Over time, the wooden floor begins to creak. This is annoying, especially when you go to drink water at night and wake up everyone in the household.

It is also worth paying attention to such disadvantages as:

Wooden floor is higher than concrete. During the installation process you will have to use logs. These additional structures make the installation process more labor-intensive and expensive.
The tree is prone to drying out. The boards may crack.
Wood should not be used for rooms with high humidity. The material will quickly begin to rot.

Therefore, when installing a floor, you need to take into account not only the characteristics of the building material, but also the type of room.

Which base is best for different rooms?

Every house has an entrance hall. This is the place where a large amount of dirt and dust accumulates from shoes (especially in winter time). Therefore, even if you prefer wood, you will have to consider a floor covering with high moisture resistance. Usually tiles are laid in this room. But then the weight of the wooden floor will increase, and the whole point of using it will be lost. natural material. Therefore, in the hallway, the best option would be to pour concrete and lay tiles on it.

Something is constantly being prepared in the kitchen. The room is filled with steam, and grease ends up on the floor. If you lay a wooden floor, you must cover it with varnish or another compound that forms an easy-to-clean protective film.

But in living rooms it is better to install eco-friendly wooden floors. They retain heat well, so at night you won’t have to deal with a surprise in the form of an icy floor that you accidentally stand on while you’re looking for slippers.

The bathroom is always damp. In rooms of this type, fungus and mold often begin to grow, so the bathroom and toilet are often treated with quite aggressive chemicals. A tree is not able to “survive” such an amount of chemicals, without serious protective treatment. Therefore, for bathrooms it is better to equip a concrete screed, on which tiles can again be laid.

In custody

It is also worth noting that poor-quality concrete screed can be identified even at the stage of rough work. Since it gains 70% strength in the first week, all the “jambs” will be noticeable even before the work is completed. Therefore, you can easily present a claim to the technician (if he performed the installation).

If we are talking about wooden field, then it usually starts to creak a couple of weeks after installation. If you call the repairman, he will most likely say that the logs are grinding in. In fact, it will disappear from the horizon, and you will have to suffer from the annoying squeak.

Planning repair work, property owners often decide to replace the old flooring with a new one, they wonder which arrangement option to choose. What to choose from better screed or does the floor on the joists affect how financial side question, as well as installation technology.

Flooring options

Today there are 3 methods of laying floors when used:

wet screed;
dry screed;
construction on wooden logs.

These technologies are actively used during repairs and installation of floor coverings, and each of them has a number of differences that relate to the installation method and the characteristics of the materials used. building materials. According to experts, the answer to the question: screed or joists, which is better, is clear:
Arranging the floor on joists has undeniable advantages compared to the other two options mentioned above.

Features of cement screed

Screed using cement: has long been used during repair work to level the surface of the subfloor.

It also performs other functions:

hides pipelines;
promotes uniform distribution of thermal insulation loads;
takes part in the construction of slopes;
makes the base neat, practical and smooth, giving it increased strength

On the other hand, this flooring installation option has serious disadvantages:

Cement screed is based on a wet process, since the walls, ceiling and surfaces in the neighbors' room get wet.
The poured solution takes a long time to dry - the exposure time is about a month.
Living in an apartment where work is carried out using this technology is quite difficult, since it is accompanied by the appearance large quantity dirt and dust, while getting rid of permanent dirt is not easy.
The drying base does not allow for long periods of time finishing cladding floor.
Even if the work is done well cement strainer does not give perfect result, therefore, there is a need to use special self-leveling mixtures designed to create a base, the cost of which is high.
From a technological point of view, screed is a complex installation process, since it is necessary to first prepare the base, prime it, set beacons, mix the solution, and wait the required period until the mixture completely hardens.
It is quite difficult to accurately calculate the amount of material that may be required.

If wet screed installation is chosen as the method of laying the flooring, you should check how well the job is being done. Otherwise, it will be impossible to redo the foundation; it will need to be dismantled, which will cost the property owner a significant amount.

Floor repair technology, which involves installing a dry screed, has appeared recently.

If we compare it with the long-used coating of cement-sand mortar, it should be noted that it has a number of advantages. The arrangement of a dry screed is clean, as there is no dust, debris and water. The floor is assembled using this technology in the shortest possible time, and the completed base can be used immediately after completion of the work.

The final decision regarding the choice of screed type will be much easier to make if you know the features of the wet and dry option.

It is necessary to carefully and slowly study the main points:

If a wet screed is selected, to carry out installation work The help of specialists will be required, while creating a foundation using dry technology can be done by anyone.
The wet coating solution hardens quickly and unused mixture cannot be used in the future. The dry screed is laid gradually in several stages.
A floor built on a cement base has poor heat retention and sound insulation characteristics. Expanded clay, used to create a dry surface, perfectly absorbs sound and prevents heat loss.
The wet base does not allow installation of other coverings other than floor coverings. Since expanded clay is a bulk material, a warm floor, many communications, and electrical wiring can be placed in a dry base.

The answer to the question: “Floor on joists or screed – which is preferable?” can be found if you look at constructive solutions each option, their advantages and disadvantages. Both wooden flooring and flooring with cement screed are popular among homeowners.

The main positive aspects of the structure on logs are as follows:

the ability to make an absolutely smooth surface;
saving materials, and accordingly reducing cash costs;
creating conditions for laying in the underground engineering communications, electrical wiring;
good sound insulation and thermal insulation;
reducing the load on floors in existing residential buildings;
the emergence of the opportunity to build multi-level ceilings.

The ceiling structure on logs can be mounted on various materials for the base - bricks, roofing felt, wooden blocks. You can also lay a wooden floor on a concrete screed, which is also a good option. They are secured using anchor bolts in a simple way.

When choosing an option for arranging a structure for the subsequent installation of flooring, it is necessary to take into account the height of the room, the material of the interfloor ceiling, the need to attract professionals and labor costs for installation.
When making a decision regarding the choice of a floor on joists or a screed, it will not be amiss to familiarize yourself with the operational and consumer characteristics of the materials used. You need to make a choice in favor of durable products.
When installation work is carried out with your own hands, you should familiarize yourself with the relevant SNiPs and also consult with specialists.

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