Security and fire alarm installation services. Do-it-yourself fire alarm installation. Radial threshold systems
Before installing a fire alarm, you need to understand the types of such systems and choose the type that suits your specific requirements. You can install the system yourself, but it is better to call a special team. If desired, the owner of the system can register it with the State Fire Supervision Authority.
A modern system has been installed in the commercial part of the shopping center fire alarm, and modern systems CCTV and public announcements. The fire alarm system is built as a non-hierarchical network structure. According to experts involved in the project, the fire alarm system in the shopping center is one of the largest networked hierarchical systems in Bulgaria. Complying with the requirements of European fire alarm standards, the system is fully redundant - each of the plants has a spare central controller, and the circular network structure between plants is also designed for data exchange between plants.
Types of systems
All types of fire alarm systems can be divided into several types.
- Threshold systems with radial loops.
- Threshold systems with a modular structure.
- Combined system.
Threshold systems with radial stubs
The system also has a wide range of fire detector types and other components, tailored to the specific requirements of each room. New developments, in accordance with the latest trends, are adding fire detectors, alarm devices and input/output devices. The fire alarm system is an analog address with distributed intelligence. and is divided into two subsystems: the shopping center and office building. 94 addressable loop controllers are used to control and monitor the following technical systems: - control of valves and taps of the fire extinguishing system; Chimney system control. - Complex logical dependencies in management smoke system. - operate elevators and escalators with two lifts for each lift - move to the first floor or move to another floor in case of fire on the ground; - Control of the sound release system. - Rechargeable power for 72 hours on standby or 30 minutes on fire.
Threshold systems equipped with radial loops are popular for one reason only - they are very cheap. However, installation of such equipment will be quite expensive. Such a system has a lot of shortcomings that are difficult to notice immediately after installation.
In particular, the PKP can give false signals. The number of such false notifications here is an order of magnitude higher than in any other devices. At least two detectors must be installed in one room, and this leads to increased costs. Although the equipment is very economical, its installation and the expense of unnecessary detectors will lead to the fact that the total costs will be very significant.
To control the described systems, 45 addressable loop controllers were used. Types of Fire Detectors Automatic and manual fire detectors are used in the shopping center. Automatic fire detectors are mostly analog. Among them functionality- self-diagnosis, analysis based on built-in fire scenarios, the ability to fully program and read analog and operational data. In transformer rooms, multi-point aspiration optical smoke PIs are also used with smoke penetration detection, respectively, addressing the suction port and the corresponding room.
With an abundance of sensors, it will be impossible to track them from one computer.
The control panel also sets a certain threshold at which a signal is given. It is almost impossible to check the serviceability of the alarm; if it breaks down, the sound may not sound. PEP is highly dependent on the human factor.
In a word, such a system has many more disadvantages than advantages. When installing an alarm for serious purposes, it is better to choose something else.
Threshold systems with a modular structure
All power supplies have built-in short circuit insulators and an individual indicator. Sensor signals are processed by digital filtering compared to standard flash algorithms installed in their memory. The multivalued PIs are correlated with each other to exclude, as far as possible, signals from non-fire factors such as sudden pulses of aerosols, hot fumes and heat, air currents, slow changes environment etc. Fire alarm characteristics In case of fire alarm in a shopping center in Technical buildings Sound and light alarms are also included.
Threshold systems with a modular structure
Such systems are inexpensive, like the previous type of alarm. They have almost the same disadvantages: expensive installation, a certain signal threshold, dependence on the human factor.
However, this type of alarm can be freely controlled from one remote control or computer. In addition, here it is possible to install two blocks simultaneously.
As a fire alarm for the entire shopping center, the signal is used for the sound system, which switches to a special mode and broadcasts a pre-recorded speech evacuation message over the speaker network as priority. Connections to monitoring and control systems are re-implemented via I/O devices. brief information the command or message transmitted or information received is indicated on the factory display. When a smoke alarm is triggered according to a predetermined scenario, the ventilation systems are monitored, which in this case act as smoke control and containment systems overpressure.
This system has a fundamentally different structure than the previous two. It works differently. All sensors in it are combined into a common unit, and they are regularly checked from the control panel. Signals from sensors can have four responses: “normal”, “fire”, “malfunction”, “absence”.
Anti-producing valves are also controlled so that smoke can be optimally removed from the site without spreading throughout the building. Overpressure systems are simultaneously switched on in all staircases like in elevator shafts. The suction ventilation is switched off everywhere and forced ventilation remains only in places protected from fire. At the same time, the general fire alarm is provided accordingly, the evacuation begins according to the current plan, the escalators and moving track are stopped, the 26 elevators are operated for appropriate actions, the messages provided by the design and programming are carried out.
The disadvantage of this type of alarm is that they detect the source of fire too late and report it. Otherwise it's a very good system.
This system has an optimal price-quality ratio; using the survey panel you can always identify faults in the sensors in a timely manner, as well as obtain a lot of useful information.
The video surveillance system in the center of Serdica consists of 51 analogue color video cameras. Camera images are distributed on nine monitors that can be called up by each system camera or keyboard to display each camera or screen diagram supplied by the matrix device. Recordings can be viewed on a monitor directly connected to the recording device in technical room, with the central equipment or monitor in the operations manager's office in the central control through his system keyboard.
One loop of such an alarm can include up to two hundred sensors. To appreciate all the advantages of this system, you need to understand how this type of fire alarm works. It assumes the presence twisted pairs, this is its main advantage and at the same time a disadvantage. When any sensor fails, the system itself remains fully operational.
Who can do a professional fire alarm installation?
Also built function alarm matrix system. There are 22 alarm lines connected to all parking lots. In the case of an internal call made by an automated machine, the matrix system includes a video camera that monitors that camera on full screen. The system is designed for broadcasting business messages and evacuation messages in the building and background sound of commercial areas. Pre-recorded messages or a voice alarm system with a microphone are used for this purpose.
The sensors do not have any specific signal threshold. They simply record the atmosphere at their designated point and send the data to the control panel. This allows you to very quickly identify the source of fire. In addition, such a system design allows you to find out about any faults in the network in a timely manner.
The cost of installing an analogue addressable system itself will not be expensive, but the equipment will cost a decent amount. Probably the only drawback of this signaling is that the protocol requires a twisted pair cable.
Direct voice messages are transmitted from stations installed in the control center, office management office, parking lot or information desk. The system is built on the principle of an open interface, which makes it easy to expand its functionality. It is easily configured locally or remotely and instantly reflects changes made. The software tracks aggregated system information available globally to enable remote monitoring and diagnostics. Signal protection equipment Building volume and design requirements reuse the network structure when building the system burglar alarm.
Combined systems
Combination fire alarms are the most powerful. They allow the installation of several thousand sensors and devices. They have a very wide range of additional equipment.
Fire alarm systems and devices of this type are controlled from one control point, which greatly facilitates safety monitoring. There are practically no disadvantages to a combined fire alarm, except that it can cost a decent amount of money.
Our impressions of the functionality of the method are positive. Vasil Zhilkov, Head of Operations Service and Maintenance Center "Serdika". The center was completed six months ago and is equipped with the latest technical equipment. In the EEC, shopping centers in Europe predominate in production and technology with this brand. It also does not matter that the company is well represented in Bulgaria and has supplied equipment to a number of facilities, some of which are of a similar nature to Serdica Center Sofia.
After almost six months at the Serdica Center and the technical systems installed there, our impressions of the fire detection, video surveillance and information disclosure equipment have been positive. So far, security systems have met our needs and requirements.
Installation and dismantling
Installation of an alarm requires compliance with special rules that are prescribed in regulatory documentation. It is advisable to install such systems with the help of professionals if the owner of the premises does not have the skills to work with such systems.
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The team that works to operate and maintain them is trained and becomes more experienced over time. Good technical competence and organization created by the management of EEC Project Management JSC create conditions for normal functioning technical systems. Improvement and development can be expected in terms of the flexibility of the system in meeting the daily needs of the shopping center and increasing even more high level software. This method exceeds the investor's requirements.
Some owners ask the question whether it is possible to create a fire alarm with their own hands, that is, assemble the device itself at home. Yes, this is quite possible, but within certain limits. Complex systems You won't be able to create it yourself. A master can only do the most simple devices, and no one can guarantee that they will function properly.
Alexander Stoyanov, head of the security systems department, Robert Bosch. The investor's brief was to create a comprehensive security solution that included: a sound system and voice alerts; video surveillance system; Access Control System; security alarm system, fire alarm. Among the proposed solutions were highly intelligent single-point and multi-sensor fire detectors with widely programmable sensitivity to smoke, heat and gas at incomplete combustion and their conventional counterparts, “invisible” fire detectors for valuable and unique interior And wide range input/output devices.
Sometimes fire system works without any fire. The frightened owners do not know how to turn off the fire alarm. The sound of this system is very specific and hardly anyone will like it. To restore silence and order, you must do the following.
Radial threshold systems
High product reliability combined with a three-year warranty is a prerequisite for high processing and use efficiency by customers and partners. The main problems were the following: a large number of addresses; device use fire protection and signal transmission devices as required by European and original German legislation; multiple security features and structure with access controls; a large number and variety of interfaces with other systems.
- First you need to find out the reason why the alarm went off. There may have been smoke or a small fire. The room must be ventilated immediately.
- If, after all, the system worked without any reason, then you need to decide on its type. The most simple alarm with sensors it is easy to turn off. To do this, you just need to remove the power source from the sensors themselves. For a more complex alarm system, you need to go to the control panel. The system often turns off only after the appropriate code has been entered.
- A radical way to eliminate noise is to cut through the alarm wires. If you need to restore it, you will have to carry out a whole series of works.
The process of installing fire alarm systems is a key point in the entire process of providing fire safety object. The effectiveness of the fire alarm system, as well as its trouble-free service life, will largely depend on how technically competent and high-quality the installation was. Only licensed organizations have the right to install fire alarms; the permitting license is issued by the fire inspection authorities.
Given the wide range and range of systems and the resulting changes in various reasons, including the communication of the parties to the third party system, the hired tenant, there were many urgent deliveries that were quickly implemented, again with the cooperation and commitment of the Robert Bosch Management, Security Systems. We have achieved the optimal length and cross-section of the loudspeaker lines.
Investors' commitment to the Serdica Center's disclosure and background system included basic functionality, central office equipment and speaker requirements, distribution of central office equipment across floors, and distribution of speakers across rooms. The wired network and speakers were installed by the assignor. We stopped implementing the solution because the site is very large in size. In this way, the optimal length and spacing of loudspeaker lines is achieved.
At the preliminary stage of work on installing a fire alarm, a full inspection of the facility is carried out with the preparation of the appropriate project documentation. The installation project is prepared taking into account the fact that the selected scheme must guarantee maximum reliability and survivability of the installed equipment, and, what is especially important, the possibility of effective evacuation in the event of a fire.
Fire safety systems: basic requirements
The system meets all the requirements for this type of object and does not need further development in future. The integration of individual subsystems has increased site security many times over. The investor's position regarding a video surveillance system is entirely based on an integrated approach to monitoring and visualization of security systems in a similar class shopping centers. The requirement to integrate separate subsystems such as parking management, intercom and access control has repeatedly increased site security by considering interconnections between systems and the creation of video archives at specific events.
Installation of a fire alarm consists of several stages.
- laying a cable network (communication and power cables);
- installation of the equipment itself: detectors, warning devices, installation and installation of the control panel;
- preliminary diagnostics and configuration of the installed system;
- starting the system and checking its performance in different modes.
Laying cable network
At the stage of installing a cable network, cable channels are laid and the cable is subsequently tightened into them. The cable can also be laid in grooves, corrugated, or disguised suspended ceiling and so on. The cable network is formed according to a previously drawn up and agreed upon scheme with the customer. At this stage, primary attention is paid to issues of cable security: the laying diagram must be drawn up in such a way as to completely eliminate the possibility of its accidental or intentional damage. Directly after or simultaneously with laying the cable, ventilation routes and pipelines can be laid, which will be used for fire extinguishing. No less important is the reliability of the installed power supply system for the installed alarm; the possibility of de-energizing the fire alarm should be reduced to an absolute minimum. The Horizon company guarantees that the installation of fire alarm systems will be carried out in compliance with all norms and standards.
Equipment installation
At the second stage, the installation of the main elements of the fire alarm system is carried out: fire detectors and associated sensors (temperature, smoke, presence open flame), light and sound alarms. At the same time, reception and control equipment is installed, which will collect and process information coming from the sensors. Installation of fire monitoring and prevention equipment provided for by the project is being carried out, smoke exhaust, ventilation and primary fire extinguishing systems are being installed. Foam, gas, powder, aerosol, and water fire extinguishing systems can be installed. At the same stage, an element is installed that will centrally control the entire system (a computer, and it should be installed in a place inaccessible to outsiders).
Setting up the installed system
After graduation directly installation work Now comes the stage of setting up and testing the installed system. All available alarm and trigger devices and sensors are programmed in a certain way. All elements fire protection system as a result, they must be combined into a single system that works strictly in harmony. All installed systems are being debugged, including alarm and warning systems, ventilation, smoke exhaust and air pressure, and a fire extinguishing system.
Checking in different modes
The initial launch of the debugged system is carried out, with testing of all available automation in various operating modes. Only after full testing of the system can installation work be considered complete.
In the process of checking the automatic fire alarm system, the serviceability of the circuit must be confirmed " detector sensors- control and receiving devices - signal transmission and warning devices - emergency fire extinguishing devices." When checking threshold systems, the wiring of communication modules, temperature and smoke sensors is monitored. complex systems The operability of communication between control and control devices and existing fire services must be checked.
After completing the installation of the fire alarm, checking the functionality installed system fire alarm systems, customer representatives are usually trained in how to operate the installed equipment.
It should be remembered that an incorrectly installed fire alarm can be really dangerous - incorrectly installed equipment, as practice shows, gives frequent false signals, while often not reacting to the real danger of fire.
We express our deep gratitude to the management and employees of the Horizon company for fulfilling our order for the supply and installation of a fire alarm system at our facilities (buildings and auxiliary services of the boarding house). All work was completed in strict accordance with the assigned tasks, not only exactly on time, but even somewhat ahead of schedule, which is especially pleasant. Technical specialists of the Horizon company carried out all the commissioning and adjustment work required according to the regulations, and also trained our employees on all issues related to the process of operating the installed signaling equipment. The installed fire protection system meets all reliability requirements and has already demonstrated its performance.
We especially express our gratitude for taking into account the specifics of our conditions and flexible approach to customer requirements. At our request, a special equipment design was developed that fit perfectly into the interior of our premises. Thank you very much for the quality work and on time, we wish your company success in implementing further projects.
Review by Boris Maksimovich
Thanks to the efforts of the Horizon company, after the renovation, our shopping complex was equipped with a fire alarm system, and the system itself was developed by the company specifically for specific conditions. Thank you for the excellent job done, there are no complaints about the completed order, everything was done according to the terms of the contract. The accuracy of your employees who carried out the installation process deserves the most positive assessment. It was no less pleasant to interact with the management team of the Horizon company; in the process of accepting and placing an order, we really saw respect and attention to the individual needs of the client.
A series of checks carried out upon completion of the installation work demonstrated the excellent performance of the installed alarm system and the reliability of its communication with the fire services. Operation of the installed system clearly confirms that it provides high degree fire protection.
Review by Sergei Alexandrovich
On own experience We were convinced that Horizon is an excellent company that supplies excellent work equipment. We ordered from Horizont the complete design, installation and installation of a fire safety system for a large farm. I hope you understand that it is in rural conditions that a reliable alarm system is important, capable of preventing fires and losses that are enormous on our scale. We turned to Horizon's help based on a recommendation, and they were not mistaken.
The scheme worked quickly and very sensibly, they did not offer anything extra (and we already had experience when equipment of this type of dubious necessity was literally forced upon us). They strictly adhered to the budget we set, so we completely met the desired amount and got a normally working fire alarm. Training was provided to all our employees on how to use the system.
After the installation was completed, the question naturally arose about who would handle the maintenance. Of course, we entered into an agreement with this installer and these craftsmen, as they thoroughly knew all the nuances.
Review by Natalia Yurievich
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