How to make a rainbow themed craft. How to make a rainbow at home, or the decomposition of white light into a spectrum

Anastasia Panfilova
Lesson summary “Rainbow at home”

Rainbow at home.

Purpose of the study: define what it is rainbow how is it formed, and is it possible to obtain rainbow at home.

Research objectives:

1. Find out where it comes from rainbow.

2. Determine what they are rainbows.

3. Try to get rainbow at home.

Progress of the lesson:

1. What is rainbow?

Rainbow- modified word "raiduga", or God's arc.

(According to V. Dahl's dictionary)

Rainbow- a multi-colored arc-shaped stripe on the firmament,

formed due to the refraction of sunlight in raindrops.

(Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language by Ozhegova S.I.)

Both ancient people and ancient scientists tried to unravel the cause of its occurrence. 2. How is it formed? rainbow?

Sunlight appears white to us. But in fact it consists of several colors. It happens that when it rains, the sun comes out, and then the sunlight passes through the water droplets and "disintegrates" for several colors. There are always seven of these colors, and they are arranged in strict order. Red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet. So it turns out multi-colored rainbow. An object that can split a ray of light into its components is called "prism". The resulting colors create a strip of colored lines called "range". Rainbow and there is a large spectrum, or band of colored lines, resulting from the decay of a ray of light passing through raindrops. IN in this case raindrops act as a prism.

Rainbow appears, only when the sun peeked out from behind the clouds and only in the direction opposite to the sun.

Rainbow appears when the sun illuminates the curtain of rain. You need to be strictly between the sun (it should be at the back) and rain (he should be in front of you). Otherwise can't see the rainbow!

The sun, our eyes and center rainbows must be on the same line! If the sun is high in the sky, then it is impossible to draw such a straight line. That's why rainbow can only be observed early in the morning or late in the evening. Rainbow appears under condition that the angular height of the sun above the horizon does not exceed 42 degrees.

Does it happen? rainbow without rain?

It turns out that such a miracle also happens. In the air in winter "float" ice crystals. They can share too White color for seven colors rainbows, That's why rainbow can be observed even in winter.

How to do rainbow at home?

Experiment No. 1.

Target: receiving rainbows at home using a CD.

Equipment: CD, light source - sunbeam.

Description of the experiment: A computer disk caught a ray of sunlight and directed it to the wall and ceiling of the room. It turned out rainbow.

Experiment No. 2.

Target: receiving rainbows at home using napkins, water and markers.

Equipment: a plate of water, napkins and markers.

On a napkin with felt-tip pens different colors draw circles. Pour enough water into the plate to cover the bottom. Place a napkin in the water and watch the miracle!

Experiment No. 3.

Target: receiving rainbows at home with candy and water.

Equipment: plate, water, MMDEMS

Put the candies in the circle in order rainbow colors, pour into the middle of the plate plain water and enjoy the process. After a few seconds, the child clearly understands what the dye is.

Experiment No. 4.

Target: receiving rainbows at home using a mirror and a flashlight.

Equipment: a plate filled with water, white cardboard, mirror, light source – flashlight.

Description of the experiment: We took a plate, filled it with water, and lowered the mirror at an angle. Then they directed the light of the flashlight onto the part of the mirror immersed in water. When we placed white cardboard in front of a mirror to catch the reflected rays, we saw a reflection on the cardboard rainbows.

Publications on the topic:

Exercising at home “Keep your finger on the pulse and take care of your child’s health” Having decided to introduce your child to sports, the first question that arises is: do the training yourself at home or give it away.

Research project “Growing crystals at home” Research project: “Growing crystals at home” Educator: Tatyana Viktorovna Chernysheva, Orenburg region.

Summary of the parent meeting “Health-saving technologies and the possibility of their use at home” The goal is to build emotional and trusting relationships that contribute to full development healthy child and positive self-realization.

Consultation “Observing nature at home” CONSULTATION FOR PARENTS “OBSERVING NATURE AT HOME” The wonderful teacher Vasily Aleksandrovich Sukhomlinsky wrote: “The man was and.

Logorhythmics for preschoolers at home Logorhythmics will allow you to avoid speech disorders. Adults who are far from pedagogy are usually touched by the child’s imperfect speech and the replacement of complex ones.

On a gloomy autumn day you just want to please yourself with something bright and unusual. You will be surprised, but sometimes colored paper can work wonders if you approach it creatively. So, let's begin. For the rainbow you will need seven colors of paper, scissors, cotton wool (it will make two cute clouds), a stapler, glue, silver beads and thread or fishing line.

First you need to cut seven strips of the same width, but slightly different in length (approximately 6-7 mm).

We fasten the strips with a stapler on one side.

Then we align the edges on the other side and get a rainbow blank.

Now you need to make clouds from cotton wool. The secret is to lightly wet your fingers with water and form two clouds that you glue to the ends of the rainbow.

Now it's the droplets' turn. We will cut them out of blue paper as shown in the photo. We will need three droplets.

At the bottom of the thread we attach a silver bead. Glue the three cut out droplets together, not forgetting to glue a thread in the middle.

That's it, our rainbow is ready. You can give it to someone, or you can just hang it on a chandelier or on a window and enjoy.

Feoktistova Yulia Rysaeva Elmira

Rysaeva Elmira Faizovna, Feoktistova Yulia Sergeevna

Supervisor: Korol Yulia Nikolaevna

Project theme: “Creating a rainbow at home.”

Purpose of the study: determine what the connection is between rain, sun and the appearance of a rainbow, and whether it is possible to get a rainbow at home.

Research objectives:

1. How does a rainbow appear?
2. When does a rainbow appear?
3. Is it possible to get a rainbow at home?

Hypotheses put forward:

• Suppose a rainbow appears in sunny weather during rain, when the sun's rays pass through the raindrops.
• Suppose that a rainbow can be obtained by replacing the sun's rays with an artificial light source.

Basic methods: literature study, observation, experiment.

Experience “Creating a rainbow at home”

To make sure that the white color consists of seven colors and the rainbow can be obtained artificially, we carried out experience. We needed a flashlight, a water container, a flat mirror, white cardboard and water.

Progress of the experiment: Filled the tray with water , We placed a mirror at an angle and directed the light of a flashlight onto the part of the mirror immersed in water. To catch the reflected (or refracted) rays, they placed cardboard in front of the mirror. As a result, a reflection of all the colors of the rainbow appeared on the cardboard; we were able to get a rainbow in “home” conditions.

As a result of the work done, we convinced that the prism can turn a white beam into a seven-color, rainbow one. We met with ways to get a rainbow at home

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Department of Education of the Municipal District Administration

Kuyurgazinsky district of the Republic of Bashkortostan

Research work

How to create a rainbow at home

Completed by 4b grade students

MBOU Secondary School No. 2 s. Ermolaevo

Kuyurgazinsky district

Republic of Bashkortostan

Feoktistova Yulia

Rysaeva Elmira

Head Korol Yu.N.

Ermolaevo - 2015

1. Introduction

2. Why does a rainbow appear?

3.How a rainbow appears

4. When it appears

5. Experience “Creating a rainbow at home”

You don't have to wait until the storm passes to see a rainbow. We'll tell you how to do it at home. Children will definitely like this one. In addition, using his example, you can clearly explain to your child how a rainbow appears in the sky.

Cool days - best time to spend time with your child. Children really like various experiments, and with their help it is very easy to explain physical, chemical and natural phenomena. We offer, with the help of which everyone can clearly learn the principle of the formation of a rainbow.

Children love to draw a rainbow and depict it with the brightest colors. When the sun comes out during rain, the sunlight is refracted in water droplets and “breaks up” into several colors. Everyone knows that there are seven colors of the rainbow and they are arranged in strict sequence: red — orange — yellow — green — blue — blue — violet .

But to see all the colors of the rainbow, you shouldn’t look out the rain outside the window. You can make a rainbow with your own hands at home. How? Now we will tell you everything.

To make your own rainbow, you will need:

• Small vessel (saucepan)
• Solar light or electric
• White surface or sheet of paper
• Mirror

How to make a rainbow with your own hands

1. Fill a small bowl halfway with water.

2. Place a mirror in the water at an angle.

3. Direct the light from the flashlight into the water where the mirror goes under it (or, if you prefer to do the experiment with daylight, take the vessel outside and place it so that the rays hit the mirror under the water).

4. Hold it above the mirror White list paper, adjusting the angle so that a rainbow appears.

How a rainbow is formed: the principle of refraction

Of course, your mini-rainbow is different from the one that appears in the sky after rain, but they have the same basic color characteristics. Why? Your demo version of the rainbow and the original work on the same principle: refraction and reflection.

Refraction is the bending of light as it passes through different environment, for example glass or water. Refraction can even cause clock hands to move in reverse side when viewed through a glass of water.

When you shine a light beam from a flashlight (or white light coming from the sun) into water, the light bends. But white light is not made up of just one color - it is a combination of all visible colors. Therefore, when white light is bent, all of its components (red, orange, yellow, green, blue and indigo) are also bent. Each of these colors does this under different angles because each color moves at a different speed inside the water or glass.

When you reflect light from water using a mirror, you are reflecting white light that is broken down (by refraction) into a full spectrum of colors. This is how a rainbow appears!

The appearance of a rainbow after the rain

When a rainbow forms in the sky, the same principle applies. Millions of small drops of water refract sunlight. The angle at which we view these drops of water determines what color we see in them.

Experiment with your child and see where else you can see all the colors of the rainbow. Maybe in a drop of water in the garden or on a CD? Explanation of natural phenomena in specific examples will help the child better assimilate scientific information that is still difficult for him.

TOI came from a good fairy tale,
and got a little naughty?
Who mixed the colors in the sky,
and spilled it on the rainbow?
And now she's colored
Smiles from heaven
Calling passersby
Very strong interest!

Since childhood, each of us has been fascinated by such wonderful things. a natural phenomenon like a rainbow. Where does it come from? Can it be made at home? To answer these and other questions, we conducted a study, the goal of which was to make a rainbow at home.

Tasks, which we have set for ourselves:
Find out what a rainbow is and how it appears.
Learn about the myths and legends associated with rainbows.
Make a rainbow at home using scrap materials.

We suggested that a rainbow can be made at home and even without using water.

During the study, we analyzed literature and Internet sources on the topic, used our observations, and conducted a number of experiments.

Myths and legends about the rainbow
Rainbow is one of the most beautiful natural phenomena. A multi-colored arc that appears in the sky after rain on a sunny day attracts the attention of not only children, but also adults. Rainbows can be seen in the paintings of great artists. Rainbows are mentioned in poems and fairy tales. There are many myths associated with the appearance of a rainbow in the sky.
The ancient Greeks believed that the messenger of the gods, Iris, descended to people along a rainbow from heaven to earth. Iris was represented as a charming girl - beautiful and light, with two majestic rainbow wings behind her back. Having spread her wings wide, she is ready at any moment to take off and rush through the sky with the speed of a swallow, and the road along which she runs is a rainbow. Iris carried out the orders of Zeus and Hera and was considered a mediator between the gods and people.
The ancient Chinese thought that the rainbow was a heavenly dragon, which meant the unity of Heaven and Earth.
In Slavic myths and legends, the rainbow was considered a magical heavenly bridge from heaven to earth, a road along which angels descend from heaven to collect water from rivers. They pour this water into the clouds, and from there it pours out as life-giving rain.
However, not everyone believed that the appearance of a rainbow was good. Among some peoples, rainbows were considered a bad sign. The appearance of a rainbow meant someone's imminent demise. Along the rainbow, the souls of dead people move to the kingdom of the dead.

Folk signs

• A low and flat rainbow means bad weather, and a high and steep rainbow means a clear day.
• If the spectrum of the rainbow is dominated by red, then you need to wait for a strong wind.
• A low rainbow, the edges of which rest on bodies of water, portends bad weather.
• A bright rainbow - wait for bad weather.
• If there is more green color - there will be rain, yellow - good weather, red - wind and drought.
• A morning rainbow promises a cloudy day, and an evening rainbow promises a fine day. Rainbows are rare in winter and signal impending frost or snow.
• If a colored arc appears in the east, then expect good weather; if in the west, then expect rain.
• A rainbow along the river means heavy rain, and across it means clear weather.
• The rainbow is visible for a long time - there will be bad weather for several days.
• If a rainbow appears in the direction from which the wind is blowing, it will be a rainy day; if in the opposite direction, it will be a clear day.
• The rainbow is located from south to north - expect heavy rain, from west to east - sun.
• The appearance of a rainbow on Saturday promises a rainy next week.

How does a rainbow appear and why is it colorful?
Rainbows appear as a result of the interaction of light and water. When it rains, a huge number of water drops float in the air. Each drop acts as a tiny prism. The sun's rays, passing through raindrops, are refracted and break up into a spectrum that we call a rainbow.
There are seven colors in the rainbow: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo and violet.
These colors in the rainbow were first proposed by the great English scientist Isaac Newton. At first he identified 5 colors, but then he thought and decided that there would be 7 colors, like 7 notes. In fact, the color spectrum is continuous, its colors smoothly transition into each other through many shades.
You can prove that the colors of the spectrum add up and form white light using an ordinary computer disk, onto which strips of red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet paper are glued in a circle (in sectors), insert a pencil into the hole of the disk and spin the disk. As the rotation speed increases, the disk begins to appear white, or more accurately, greyish-white.
The brightness of the colors and the width of the rainbow depend on the size of the raindrops. The larger the drops, the narrower the brighter than the rainbow, there is more red in it rich color. If there is light rain, the rainbow turns out to be wide, but with faded orange and yellow edges.

Did you know that rainbows can happen even without rain?
Indeed, rainbows can be seen near lakes, waterfalls, and large rivers, where the rays of the sun are reflected from the water surface. You can also see a rainbow on a sunny, clear day near fountains, as well as when watering flowers in the garden with a hose (if you hold the hole of the hose with your fingers, creating a mist of water, and point the hose towards the sun).

Practical part (experiments)
Rainbow is a miracle of nature. Is it possible to create this miracle yourself, at home? I decided to try this and conducted several experiments. To make the rainbow bright, I carried out all the experiments in a dark room, using only light from table lamp. Here's what I got.

Experiment No. 1
When conducting the experiment, I used: a glass prism, a modeling board, a piece of plasticine, and a table lamp. Using plasticine, I attached the prism to the modeling board and directed a beam of light from the table lamp onto the prism.
Slightly changing the angle of the board, on the white wall opposite the ray of light, I saw this rainbow.

Experiment No. 2
I used: a rectangular tray, plain water, a mirror, a table lamp. I poured some water into the tray and lowered the mirror into it at a slight angle. The beam of light from the lamp was directed onto the part of the mirror immersed in water.
By adjusting the tilt of the mirror, I got this rainbow on the ceiling.

Experiment No. 3
I used: a computer disk, a table lamp. I directed a beam of light from a table lamp onto a computer disk and reflected this beam onto the ceiling, on which I got such a beautiful rainbow!

Experiment No. 4
I used: a tray, a large plastic bubble ring, soapy water. I placed a plastic ring in a tray of soapy water, then carefully took it out - a film had formed inside the ring. Turning the ring towards the light, I saw these rainbow stripes on the film.

Experiment No. 5
I poured some water into a transparent glass glass and placed it on the table. Looking at the glass of water from the side (the glass should be at face level), I saw a barely noticeable rainbow above the surface of the water. I decided to shine a beam of light from a flashlight onto a glass of water, the rainbow became clearer and brighter.

The experiments have proven that it is very easy to make a rainbow yourself at home, using instead sunlight a beam of light from an ordinary table lamp or flashlight.
In the course of research and experimentation, I decided to try to make a “Rainbow Box” from computer disks, which could be used to decorate rooms during home parties or classroom discos. My dad helped me make the rainbow box. We found several old computer disks at home and carefully covered a small area with them on all sides. cardboard box. They made a hole in one of the corners, threaded a ribbon through it and hung the “Rainbow Box” from the ceiling.

By shining a flashlight on the box, we created a beautiful rainbow lighting in the room, which delighted all my friends and helped make my house party more fun and modern!