Oral journal "heroic pages of history", dedicated to Defender of the Fatherland Day. “Life is full of military feats

Pravoslavie.fm is an Orthodox, patriotic, family-oriented portal and therefore offers readers the top 10 amazing feats of the Russian army. The top does not include […]

Pravoslavie.fm is an Orthodox, patriotic, family-oriented portal and therefore offers readers the top 10 amazing feats of the Russian army.

The top does not include single exploits of Russian warriors like captain Nikolai Gastello, sailor Pyotr Koshka, warrior Mercury Smolensky or staff captain Pyotr Nesterov, because with the level of mass heroism that has always distinguished the Russian army, it is absolutely impossible to determine the top ten best warriors. They are all equally great.

Places in the top are not distributed, since the feats described belong to different eras and it is not entirely correct to compare them with each other, but they all have one thing in common - a vivid example of the triumph of the spirit of the Russian army.

• The feat of the squad of Evpatiy Kolovrat (1238).

Evpatiy Kolovrat is a native of Ryazan; there is not much information about him, and it is contradictory. Some sources say that he was a local governor, others - a boyar.

News came from the steppe that the Tatars were marching against Rus'. First on their way lay Ryazan. Realizing that the Ryazan people did not have enough of their own forces to successfully defend the city, the prince sent Evpatiy Kolovrat to seek help in neighboring principalities.

Kolovrat left for Chernigov, where he was overtaken by the news of the destruction of his native land by the Mongols. Without hesitating for a minute, Kolovrat and his small squad hurriedly moved towards Ryazan.

Unfortunately, he found the city already devastated and burned. Seeing the ruins, he gathered those who could fight and, with an army of about 1,700 people, rushed in pursuit of Batu’s entire horde (about 300,000 soldiers).

Having overtaken the Tatars in the vicinity of Suzdal, he gave battle to the enemy. Despite the small number of the detachment, the Russians managed to crush the Tatar rearguard with a surprise attack.

Batu was very stunned by this frantic attack. Khan had to throw his best parts into battle. Batu asked to bring Kolovrat to him alive, but Evpatiy did not give up and bravely fought with an enemy outnumbered.

Then Batu sent a parliamentarian to Evpatiy to ask what the Russian soldiers want? Evpatiy answered - “just die”! The fight continued. As a result, the Mongols, who were afraid to approach the Russians, had to use catapults and only in this way were they able to defeat Kolovrat’s squad.

Khan Batu, amazed by the courage and heroism of the Russian warrior, gave Evpatiy’s body to his squad. For their courage, Batu ordered the rest of the soldiers to be released without harming them.

The feat of Evpatiy Kolovrat is described in the ancient Russian “Tale of the Ruin of Ryazan by Batu.”

• Suvorov's crossing of the Alps (1799).

In 1799, Russian troops who participated in battles with the French in Northern Italy as part of the Second Anti-French Coalition were recalled home. However, on the way home, Russian troops were supposed to assist Rimsky-Korsakov's corps and defeat the French in Switzerland.

For this purpose, the army was led by Generalissimo Alexander Vasilyevich Suvorov. together with the convoy, artillery and the wounded, she made an unprecedented transition through the Alpine passes.

During the campaign, Suvorov's army fought through St. Gotthard and the Devil's Bridge and made the transition from the Reuss Valley to the Muten Valley, where it was surrounded. However, in the battle in the Muten Valley, where she defeated the French army and broke out of encirclement, she then crossed the snow-covered, inaccessible Ringenkopf (Panix) pass and headed towards Russia through the city of Chur.

During the battle for the Devil's Bridge, the French managed to damage the span and bridge the gap. Russian soldiers, under fire, tied the boards of a barn nearby with scarves of officers and went into battle along them. And while overcoming one of the passes, in order to knock the French down from a height, several dozen volunteers, without any climbing equipment, climbed a steep cliff to the top of the pass and hit the French in the rear.

The son of Emperor Paul I, Grand Duke Konstantin Pavlovich, took part in this campaign under the command of Suvorov as an ordinary soldier.

• Defense of the Brest Fortress (1941).

The Brest Fortress was built by the Russian military in 1836-42 and consisted of a citadel and three fortifications that protected it. Later it was modernized several times, became the property of Poland and again returned to Russia.

By the beginning of June 1941, units of two Red Banner rifle divisions of the Red Banner and 42nd Rifle Divisions and several small units were located on the territory of the fortress. In total, by the morning of June 22, there were about 9,000 people in the fortress.

The Germans decided in advance that the Brest Fortress, which stood on the border with the USSR and therefore was chosen as one of the targets of the first strike, would have to be taken only by infantry - without tanks. Their use was hampered by forests, swamps, river channels and canals surrounding the fortress. German strategists gave the 45th division (17,000 people) no more than eight hours to capture the fortress.

Despite the surprise attack, the garrison gave the Germans a tough rebuff. The report said: “The Russians are resisting fiercely, especially behind our attacking companies. In the Citadel, the enemy organized a defense with infantry units supported by 35-40 tanks and armored vehicles. The fire of Russian snipers led to heavy losses among officers and non-commissioned officers." In one day, June 22, 1941, the 45th Infantry Division lost 21 officers and 290 lower ranks in killed.

On June 23, at 5:00, the Germans began shelling the Citadel, while trying not to hit their soldiers blocked in the church. On the same day, tanks were used for the first time against the defenders of the Brest Fortress.

On June 26, on the North Island, German sappers blew up the wall of the political school building. 450 prisoners were taken there. The East Fort remained the main center of resistance on the North Island. On June 27, 20 commanders and 370 soldiers from the 393rd anti-aircraft battalion of the 42nd Infantry Division, led by the commander of the 44th Infantry Regiment, Major Pyotr Gavrilov, defended there.

On June 28, two German tanks and several self-propelled guns returning from repairs to the front continued to fire at the East Fort on the North Island. However, this did not bring visible results, and the commander of the 45th division turned to the Luftwaffe for support.

On June 29 at 8:00 a.m., a German bomber dropped a 500-kilogram bomb on the Eastern Fort. Then another 500 kg bomb was dropped and finally an 1800 kg bomb. The fort was practically destroyed.

However, a small group of fighters led by Gavrilov continued to fight in the Eastern Fort. The major was captured only on July 23. Residents of Brest said that until the end of July or even until the first days of August, shooting was heard from the fortress and the Nazis brought their wounded officers and soldiers from there to the city where the German army hospital was located.

However, the official date for the end of the defense of the Brest Fortress is considered to be July 20, based on the inscription that was discovered in the barracks of the 132nd separate battalion of NKVD convoy troops: “I am dying, but I am not giving up. Goodbye, Motherland. 20/VII-41".

• Campaigns of Kotlyarevsky's troops during the Russian-Persian Wars of 1799-1813.

All the exploits of the troops of General Pyotr Kotlyarevsky are so amazing that it is difficult to choose the best, so we will present them all:

In 1804, Kotlyarevsky with 600 soldiers and 2 guns fought off Abbas Mirza’s 20,000 soldiers for 2 days in an old cemetery. 257 soldiers and almost all of Kotlyarevsky’s officers died. There were many wounded.

Then Kotlyarevsky, wrapping the wheels of the cannons with rags, made his way through the besiegers’ camp at night, stormed the nearby Shah-Bulakh fortress, knocking out the Persian garrison of 400 people, and settled in it.

For 13 days he fought off the corps of 8,000 Persians besieging the fortress, and then at night he lowered his guns down the wall and left with a detachment to the Mukhrat fortress, which he also took by storm, knocking out the Persians from there too, and again prepared for defense.

To pull the cannons through the deep ditch during the second march, four soldiers volunteered to fill it with their bodies. Two were crushed to death, and two continued the hike.

In Mukhrat, the Russian army came to the rescue of Kotlyarevsky’s battalion. In this operation and during the capture of the Ganja fortress a little earlier, Kotlyarevsky was wounded four times, but remained in service.

In 1806, in the field battle of Khonashin, 1644 soldiers of Major Kotlyarevsky defeated the 20,000-strong army of Abbas Mirza. In 1810, Abbas Mirza again marched with troops against Russia. Kotlyarevsky took 400 rangers and 40 horsemen and set out to meet them.

“On the way,” he stormed the Migri fortress, defeating a 2,000-strong garrison, and captured 5 artillery batteries. Having waited for 2 companies of reinforcements, the colonel took battle with the Shah’s 10,000 Persians and forced him to retreat to the Araks River. Taking 460 infantry and 20 mounted Cossacks, the colonel destroyed Abbas Mirza's 10,000-strong detachment, losing 4 Russian soldiers killed.

In 1811, Kotlyarevsky became a major general, crossing the impregnable Gorny ridge with 2 battalions and a hundred Cossacks and storming the Akhalkalak fortress. The British sent the Persians money and weapons for 12,000 soldiers. Then Kotlyarevsky went on a campaign and stormed the Kara-Kakh fortress, where military warehouses were located.

In 1812, in the field battle of Aslanduz, 2000 Kotlyarevsky soldiers with 6 guns defeated the entire army of Abbas Mirza of 30,000 people.

By 1813, the British rebuilt the Lankaran fortress for the Persians according to advanced European models. Kotlyarevsky took the fortress by storm, having only 1,759 people against a 4,000-strong garrison and during the attack almost completely destroyed the defenders. Thanks to this victory, Persia sued for peace.

• Capture of Izmail by Suvorov (1790).

The Turkish fortress of Izmail, which covered the Danube crossings, was built by French and English engineers for the Ottomans. Suvorov himself believed that this was “a fortress without weak points.”

However, having arrived near Izmail on December 13, Suvorov spent six days actively preparing for the assault, including training troops to storm models of the high fortress walls of Izmail.

Near Izmail, in the area of ​​the present village of Safyany, earthen and wooden analogues of the moat and walls of Izmail were built in the shortest possible time - the soldiers trained to throw a Nazi ditch into the moat, quickly set up ladders, after climbing the wall, they quickly stabbed and chopped down the effigies installed there, simulating defenders.

For two days, Suvorov conducted artillery preparation with field guns and cannons of the rowing flotilla ships; on December 22, at 5:30 a.m., the assault on the fortress began. Resistance on the city streets lasted until 16:00.

The attacking troops were divided into 3 detachments (wings) of 3 columns each. Major General de Ribas's detachment (9,000 people) attacked from the river side; the right wing under the command of Lieutenant General P. S. Potemkin (7,500 people) was supposed to strike from the western part of the fortress; the left wing of Lieutenant General A. N. Samoilov (12,000 people) - from the east. Brigadier Westphalen's cavalry reserves (2,500 men) were on the land side. In total, Suvorov's army numbered 31,000 people.

Turkish losses amounted to 29,000 killed. 9 thousand were captured. Of the entire garrison, only one person escaped. Slightly wounded, he fell into the water and swam across the Danube on a log.

The losses of the Russian army amounted to 4 thousand people killed and 6 thousand wounded. All 265 guns, 400 banners, huge reserves of provisions and jewelry worth 10 million piastres were captured. M. was appointed commandant of the fortress. I. Kutuzov, future famous commander, winner of Napoleon.

The conquest of Ishmael was of great political significance. It influenced the further course of the war and the conclusion of the Peace of Iasi between Russia and Turkey in 1792, which confirmed the annexation of Crimea to Russia and established the Russian-Turkish border along the Dniester River. Thus, the entire northern Black Sea region from the Dniester to the Kuban was assigned to Russia.

Andrey Szegeda

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Modernity, with its measure of success in the form of monetary units, gives birth to far more heroes of scandalous gossip columns than true heroes, whose actions evoke pride and admiration.

Sometimes it seems that real heroes remain only on the pages of books about the Great Patriotic War.

But at any time, there remain those who are ready to sacrifice the most precious things in the name of loved ones, in the name of the Motherland.

On Defender of the Fatherland Day, we will remember five of our contemporaries who accomplished feats. They did not seek fame and honor, but simply fulfilled their duty to the end.

Sergey Burnaev

Sergey Burnaev was born in Mordovia, in the village of Dubenki on January 15, 1982. When Seryozha was five years old, his parents moved to the Tula region.

The boy grew and matured, and the era changed around him. Some of his peers were eager to go into business, some into crime, and Sergei dreamed of a military career and wanted to serve in the Airborne Forces. After graduating from school, he managed to work at a rubber shoe factory, and then was drafted into the army. However, he ended up not in the landing force, but in the special forces detachment of the Vityaz Airborne Forces.

Serious physical activity and training did not frighten the guy. The commanders immediately paid attention to Sergei - stubborn, with character, a real special forces soldier!

During two business trips to Chechnya in 2000-2002, Sergei established himself as a true professional, skillful and persistent.

On March 28, 2002, the detachment in which Sergei Burnaev served conducted a special operation in the city of Argun. The militants turned a local school into their fortification, placing an ammunition depot in it, as well as breaking through an entire system of underground passages under it. The special forces began to examine the tunnels in search of the militants who had taken refuge in them.

Sergei walked first and came across bandits. A battle ensued in the narrow and dark space of the dungeon. During the flash from the machine gun fire, Sergei saw a grenade rolling on the floor, thrown by a militant towards the special forces. The explosion could have injured several soldiers who did not see this danger.

The decision came in a split second. Sergei covered the grenade with his body, saving the rest of the soldiers. He died on the spot, but diverted the threat from his comrades.

A bandit group of 8 people was completely eliminated in this battle. All of Sergei’s comrades survived this battle.

For the courage and heroism shown during the performance of a special task in conditions involving risk to life, by decree of the President of the Russian Federation of September 16, 2002 No. 992, Sergeant Burnaev Sergei Aleksandrovich was awarded the title of Hero of the Russian Federation (posthumously).

Sergei Burnaev is forever included in the lists of his military unit of the Internal Troops. In the city of Reutov, Moscow region, on the Alley of Heroes of the military memorial complex “To all Reutov residents who died for the Fatherland,” a bronze bust of the hero was installed.

Denis Vetchinov

Denis Vetchinov was born on June 28, 1976 in the village of Shantobe, Tselinograd region of Kazakhstan. I spent an ordinary childhood as a schoolboy of the last Soviet generation.

How is a hero raised? Probably no one knows this. But at the turn of the era, Denis chose a career as an officer, after military service he entered a military school. Maybe it was also due to the fact that the school from which he graduated was named after Vladimir Komarov, a cosmonaut who died during a flight on the Soyuz-1 spacecraft.

After graduating from college in Kazan in 2000, the newly minted officer did not run from difficulties - he immediately ended up in Chechnya. Everyone who knew him repeats one thing - the officer did not bow to bullets, took care of the soldiers and was a real “father to the soldiers” not in words, but in essence.

In 2003, the Chechen war ended for Captain Vetchinov. Until 2008, he served as deputy battalion commander for educational work in the 70th Guards Motorized Rifle Regiment, and in 2005 he became a major.

Life as an officer is not easy, but Denis did not complain about anything. His wife Katya and daughter Masha were waiting for him at home.

Major Vetchinov was predicted to have a great future and general's shoulder straps. In 2008, he became deputy commander of the 135th motorized rifle regiment of the 19th motorized rifle division of the 58th army for educational work. The war in South Ossetia found him in this position.

On August 9, 2008, the marching column of the 58th Army on the approach to Tskhinvali was ambushed by Georgian special forces. Cars were shot from 10 points. The commander of the 58th Army, General Khrulev, was wounded.

Major Vetchinov, who was in the column, jumped from an armored personnel carrier and entered the battle. Having managed to prevent chaos, he organized a defense, suppressing Georgian firing points with return fire.

During the retreat, Denis Vetchinov was seriously wounded in the legs, however, overcoming the pain, he continued the battle, covering with fire his comrades and the journalists who were with the column. Only a new serious wound to the head could stop the major.

In this battle, Major Vetchinov destroyed up to a dozen enemy special forces and saved the lives of Komsomolskaya Pravda war correspondent Alexander Kots, VGTRK special correspondent Alexander Sladkov and Moskovsky Komsomolets correspondent Viktor Sokirko.

The wounded major was sent to the hospital, but died on the way.

On August 15, 2008, for the courage and heroism shown in the performance of military duty in the North Caucasus region, Major Denis Vetchinov was awarded the title of Hero of the Russian Federation (posthumously).

Aldar Tsydenzhapov

Aldar Tsydenzhapov was born on August 4, 1991 in the village of Aginskoye, in Buryatia. The family had four children, including Aldara's twin sister Aryuna.

The father worked in the police, the mother was a nurse in a kindergarten - a simple family leading the ordinary life of residents of the Russian outback. Aldar graduated from school in his native village and was drafted into the army, ending up in the Pacific Fleet.

Sailor Tsydenzhapov served on the destroyer “Bystry”, was trusted by the command, and was friends with his colleagues. There was only a month left before demobilization, when on September 24, 2010, Aldar took up duty as a boiler room crew operator.

The destroyer was preparing for a combat voyage from the base in Fokino in Primorye to Kamchatka. Suddenly, a fire broke out in the ship's engine room due to a short circuit in the wiring when the fuel pipeline broke. Aldar rushed to plug the fuel leak. A monstrous flame raged around, in which the sailor spent 9 seconds, managing to eliminate the leak. Despite the terrible burns, he got out of the compartment on his own. As the commission subsequently established, the prompt actions of sailor Tsydenzhapov led to the timely shutdown of the ship’s power plant, which otherwise could have exploded. In this case, both the destroyer itself and all 300 crew members would have died.

Aldar, in critical condition, was taken to the Pacific Fleet hospital in Vladivostok, where doctors fought for the hero’s life for four days. Alas, he died on September 28.

By Decree of the President of Russia No. 1431 of November 16, 2010, sailor Aldar Tsydenzhapov was posthumously awarded the title of Hero of the Russian Federation.

Sergei Solnechnikov

Born on August 19, 1980 in Germany, in Potsdam, in a military family. Seryozha decided to continue the dynasty as a child, without looking back at all the difficulties of this path. After the 8th grade, he entered a cadet boarding school in the Astrakhan region, then without exams he was admitted to the Kachin Military School. Here he was caught by another reform, after which the school was disbanded.

However, this did not turn Sergei away from a military career - he entered the Kemerovo Higher Military Command School of Communications, from which he graduated in 2003.

A young officer served in Belogorsk, in the Far East. “A good officer, real, honest,” friends and subordinates said about Sergei. They also gave him the nickname “battalion commander Sun”.

I didn’t have time to start a family - too much time was spent in the service. The bride waited patiently - after all, it seemed that there was still a whole life ahead.

On March 28, 2012, routine exercises on throwing the RGD-5 grenade, which are part of the training course for conscript soldiers, took place at the unit’s training ground.

19-year-old private Zhuravlev, getting excited, threw a grenade unsuccessfully - it hit the parapet and flew back where his colleagues were standing.

The confused boys looked in horror at the death lying on the ground. Battalion commander Sun reacted instantly - throwing the soldier aside, he covered the grenade with his body.

The wounded Sergei was taken to the hospital, but from numerous injuries he died on the operating table.

On April 3, 2012, by decree of the President of the Russian Federation, Major Sergei Solnechnikov was awarded the title of Hero of the Russian Federation (posthumously) for heroism, courage and dedication shown in the performance of military duty.

Irina Yanina

“War does not have a woman’s face” is a wise phrase. But it just so happened that in all the wars that Russia waged, women found themselves next to men, enduring all the hardships and hardships equally with them.

Born in Taldy-Kurgan, Kazakh SSR on November 27, 1966, the girl Ira did not think that war would enter her life from the pages of books. School, medical school, a position as a nurse in a tuberculosis clinic, then in a maternity hospital - a purely peaceful biography.

Everything was turned upside down by the collapse of the Soviet Union. Russians in Kazakhstan suddenly became strangers and unnecessary. Like many, Irina and her family left for Russia, which had its own problems.

The husband of the beautiful Irina could not stand the difficulties and left the family in search of an easier life. Ira was left alone with two children in her arms, without normal housing and a corner. And then there was another misfortune - my daughter was diagnosed with leukemia, from which she quickly faded away.

Even men break down from all these troubles and go on a drinking binge. Irina did not break down - after all, she still had her son Zhenya, the light in the window, for whom she was ready to move mountains. In 1995, she entered service in the Internal Troops. Not for the sake of heroic deeds - they paid money there and gave rations. The paradox of modern history is that in order to survive and raise her son, a woman was forced to go to Chechnya, into the thick of it. Two business trips in 1996, three and a half months as a nurse under daily shelling, in blood and dirt.

A nurse of a medical company of an operational brigade of the Internal Troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia from the city of Kalach-on-Don - in this position Sergeant Yanina found herself in her second war. Basayev's gangs were rushing to Dagestan, where local Islamists were already waiting for them.

And again, battles, wounded, killed - the daily routine of medical service in war.

“Hello, my little, beloved, most beautiful son in the world!

I really miss you. Write to me how you are doing, how is school, who are your friends? Aren't you sick? Don't go out late in the evenings - there are a lot of bandits now. Stay near the house. Don't go anywhere alone. Listen to everyone at home and know that I love you very much. Read more. You are already a big and independent boy, so do everything right so that you don’t get scolded.

Waiting for your letter. Listen to everyone.

Kiss. Mother. 08/21/99"

Irina sent this letter to her son 10 days before her last fight.

On August 31, 1999, a brigade of internal troops, in which Irina Yanina served, stormed the village of Karamakhi, which terrorists had turned into an impregnable fortress.

That day, Sergeant Yanina, under enemy fire, assisted 15 wounded soldiers. Then she drove to the line of fire three times in an armored personnel carrier, taking another 28 seriously wounded from the battlefield. The fourth flight was fatal.

The armored personnel carrier came under heavy enemy fire. Irina began to cover the loading of the wounded with return fire from a machine gun. Finally, the car managed to move back, but the militants set the armored personnel carrier on fire with grenade launchers.

Sergeant Yanina, while she had enough strength, pulled the wounded out of the burning car. She did not have time to get out herself - the ammunition in the armored personnel carrier began to explode.

On October 14, 1999, medical service sergeant Irina Yanina was awarded the title of Hero of the Russian Federation (posthumously); she was forever included in the lists of personnel of her military unit. Irina Yanina became the first woman awarded the title of Hero of Russia for her military actions in the Caucasian Wars.

They say that there were too many tragic events in the past year, and there was almost nothing good to remember on the eve of the New Year. Constantinople decided to argue with this statement and collected a selection of our most outstanding compatriots (and not only) and their heroic deeds. Unfortunately, many of them accomplished this feat at the cost of their own lives, but the memory of them and their actions will support us for a long time and serve as an example to follow. Ten names that made a splash in 2016 and should not be forgotten.

Alexander Prokhorenko

A special forces officer, 25-year-old Lieutenant Prokhorenko, died in March near Palmyra while carrying out missions to direct Russian air strikes against ISIS militants. He was discovered by terrorists and, finding himself surrounded, did not want to surrender and drew fire on himself. He was awarded the title of Hero of Russia posthumously, and a street in Orenburg was named after him. Prokhorenko’s feat aroused admiration not only in Russia. Two French families donated awards, including the Legion of Honor.

Farewell ceremony for the hero of Russia, senior lieutenant Alexander Prokhorenko, who died in Syria, in the village of Gorodki, Tyulgansky district. Sergey Medvedev/TASS

In Orenburg, where the officer is from, he left behind a young wife, who, after the death of Alexander, had to be hospitalized in order to save the life of their child. In August, her daughter Violetta was born.

Magomed Nurbagandov

A policeman from Dagestan, Magomet Nurbagandov, and his brother Abdurashid were killed in July, but the details became known only in September, when a video of the execution of police officers was found on the phone of one of the liquidated militants of the Izberbash criminal group. On that ill-fated day, the brothers and their relatives, schoolchildren, were relaxing outdoors in tents; no one expected an attack by bandits. Abdurashid was killed immediately because he stood up for one of the boys, whom the bandits began to insult. Mohammed was tortured before his death because his documents as a law enforcement officer were discovered. The purpose of the bullying was to force Nurbagandov to renounce his colleagues on record, recognize the strength of the militants and call on Dagestanis to leave the police. In response to this, Nurbagandov addressed his colleagues with the words “Work, brothers!” The enraged militants could only kill him. President Vladimir Putin met with the brothers’ parents, thanked them for their son’s courage and awarded him the title of Hero of Russia posthumously. The last phrase of Mohammed became the main slogan of the past year and, one might assume, for the years to come. Two small children were left without a father. Nurbagandov's son now says that he will only become a policeman.

Elizaveta Glinka

Photo: Mikhail Metzel/TASS

The resuscitator and philanthropist, popularly known as Doctor Lisa, accomplished a lot this year. In May, she took children out of Donbass. 22 sick children were saved, the youngest of whom was only 5 days old. These were children with heart defects, oncology, and congenital diseases. Special treatment and support programs have been created for children from Donbass and Syria. In Syria, Elizaveta Glinka also helped sick children and organized the delivery of medicines and humanitarian aid to hospitals. During the delivery of another humanitarian cargo, Doctor Lisa died in a TU-154 plane crash over the Black Sea. Despite the tragedy, all programs will continue. Today there will be a New Year's party for the guys from Lugansk and Donetsk...

Oleg Fedura

Head of the Main Directorate of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia for the Primorsky Territory, Colonel of the Internal Service Oleg Fedura. Press service of the Ministry of Emergency Situations for the Primorsky Territory/TASS

Head of the Main Directorate of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia for the Primorsky Territory, who distinguished himself during natural disasters in the region. The rescuer personally visited all the flooded cities and villages, led search and rescue operations, helped evacuate people, and he himself did not sit idly by - he has hundreds of similar events on his account. On September 2, together with his brigade, he was heading to another village, where 400 houses were flooded and more than 1,000 people were waiting for help. Crossing the river, the KAMAZ, in which Fedura and 8 other people were, collapsed into the water. Oleg Fedura saved all the personnel, but then could not get out of the flooded car and died.

Lyubov Pechko

The entire Russian world learned the name of the 91-year-old female veteran from the news on May 9. During the festive procession in honor of Victory Day in Slavyansk, occupied by the Ukrainians, the column of veterans was pelted with eggs, doused with brilliant green and sprinkled with flour by the Ukrainian Nazis, but the spirit of the old soldiers could not be broken, no one fell out of action. The Nazis shouted insults, in occupied Slavyansk, where any Russian and Soviet symbols are prohibited, the situation was extremely explosive and could at any moment turn into a massacre. However, the veterans, despite the threat to their lives, were not afraid to openly wear medals and St. George ribbons; after all, they did not go through the war with the Nazis in order to be afraid of their ideological followers. Lyubov Pechko, who took part in the liberation of Belarus during the Great Patriotic War, was splashed with brilliant green directly in the face. Photos showing traces of brilliant green being wiped off Lyubov Pechko’s face have spread across social networks and the media. The sister of an elderly woman, who saw the abuse of veterans on TV and suffered a heart attack, died from the resulting shock.

Danil Maksudov

In January of this year, during a severe snowstorm, a dangerous traffic jam formed on the Orenburg-Orsk highway, in which hundreds of people were trapped. Ordinary employees of various services showed heroism, leading people out of icy captivity, sometimes putting their own lives at risk. Russia remembers the name of policeman Danil Maksudov, who was hospitalized with severe frostbite because he gave his jacket, hat and gloves to those who needed it most. After that, Danil spent several more hours in the snowstorm helping to get people out of the jam. Then Maksudov himself ended up in the emergency traumatology department with frostbitten hands; they were talking about amputating his fingers. However, in the end the policeman recovered.

Konstantin Parikozha

Russian President Vladimir Putin and Orenburg Airlines Boeing 777-200 crew commander Konstantin Parikozha, awarded the Order of Courage, during the state awards ceremony in the Kremlin. Mikhail Metzel/TASS

A native of Tomsk, the 38-year-old pilot managed to land a plane with a burning engine, which was carrying 350 passengers, including many families with children and 20 crew members. The plane was flying from the Dominican Republic, at an altitude of 6 thousand meters a bang was heard and the cabin was filled with smoke, panic began. During landing, the plane's landing gear also caught fire. However, thanks to the skill of the pilot, the Boeing 777 was successfully landed and none of the passengers were injured. Parikozha received the Order of Courage from the hands of the President.

Andrey Logvinov

The 44-year-old commander of the Il-18 crew that crashed in Yakutia managed to land the plane without wings. They tried to land the plane until the last minute and in the end they managed to avoid casualties, although both wings of the plane broke off when it hit the ground and the fuselage collapsed. The pilots themselves received multiple fractures, but despite this, according to rescuers, they refused help and asked to be the last to be evacuated to the hospital. “He managed the impossible,” they said about Andrei Logvinov’s skill.

Georgy Gladysh

On a February morning, the rector of the Orthodox church in Krivoy Rog, Priest Georgy, as usual, was riding home from service on a bicycle. Suddenly he heard cries for help from a nearby body of water. It turned out that the fisherman had fallen through the ice. The priest ran to the water, threw off his clothes and, making the sign of the cross, rushed to help. The noise attracted the attention of local residents, who called an ambulance and helped pull the already unconscious retired fisherman out of the water. The priest himself refused honors: " It wasn't me who saved. God decided this for me. If I had been driving a car rather than a bicycle, I simply would not have heard the cries for help. If I started to think about whether to help the person or not, I wouldn’t have time. If the people on the shore had not thrown us a rope, we would have drowned together. And so everything happened by itself"After the feat, he went on to perform church services.

Yulia Kolosova

Russia. Moscow. December 2, 2016. Commissioner for Children's Rights under the President of the Russian Federation Anna Kuznetsova (left) and Yulia Kolosova, winner in the "Children-Heroes" nomination, at the awards ceremony for the winners of the VIII All-Russian festival on the theme of safety and rescue of people "Constellation of Courage". Mikhail Pochuev/TASS

The Valdai schoolgirl, despite the fact that she was only 12 years old, was not afraid to enter a burning private house after hearing the screams of children. Yulia took two boys out of the house, and already on the street they told her that their other little brother remained inside. The girl returned to the house and carried a 7-year-old baby in her arms, who was crying and afraid to go down the stairs shrouded in smoke. As a result, none of the children were harmed. " It seems to me that in my place any teenager would do this, but not every adult, because adults are much more indifferent than children", says the girl. Concerned residents of Staraya Russa collected money and gave the girl a computer and a souvenir - a mug with her photo. The schoolgirl herself admits that she did not help for the sake of gifts and praise, but she, of course, was pleased, because she is from a low-income family - Yulia’s mother is a saleswoman, and her father works at a factory.

Days of military glory of Russia

(about the Days of Military Glory of Russia)

Be proud of the glory of your ancestors

Not only is it possible, but it should be.

A. S. Pushkin

The history of Russia is rich in significant events. In all centuries, heroism, the courage of Russian soldiers, the power and glory of Russian weapons have been an integral part of the greatness of the Russian state. In addition to military victories, there are events worthy of being immortalized in people's memory.

Days of glory of Russian weapons - days of military glory (victory days) of Russia were established to commemorate the glorious victories of Russian troops, which played a decisive role in the history of Russia, and memorable dates in the history of the Fatherland associated with the most important historical events in the life of the state and society.

Without knowing the past of your country, you cannot understand, appreciate today, or imagine the future. Historical memory is a great power, moral and cultural. The Battle of Lake Peipsi, Kulikovo Field, Borodino, Stalingrad - they remained forever in the historical memory of our Motherland. As symbols of great victories, as the embodiment of people's anger against the invaders who encroached on their native lands. And today the memory of the Russian warrior lives on as the most courageous, fearless, honest and devoted to the Fatherland.

In the bibliographical guide “Days of Russian Glory” we want to briefly talk about each of the Days of Military Glory in Russia.

Days of military glory of Russia will help to turn to the distant past, study and understand the history of the Motherland and become the main themes of many events. Therefore, the manual also includes a list of the most interesting scenarios on a patriotic theme.

April 18 - Victory Day of Russian soldiers of Prince Alexander Nevsky over German knights on Lake Peipus

(Battle of the Ice, 1242)

Swedish and Teutonic knight conquerors invaded Northern Rus' from the west. Alexander Nevsky set up his squad against the Livonian Order on the ice of Lake Peipsi. The many-hour battle, which became known as the “Battle of the Ice,” ended in a glorious victory for Russian weapons and the defeat of the crusader knights.

September 21 - Victory Day of the Russian regiments led by Grand Duke Dmitry Donskoy over the Mongol-Tatar troops in the Battle of Kulikovo (1380)

Russia! Don't look for another word.

There is no other fate in the whole world.

You are all a continuous Kulikovo field.

For many hundreds of years.

V. Firsov

The Battle of Kulikovo in 1380 is the most important event in the history of medieval Rus', which largely determined the future fate of the Russian state. The Battle of Kulikovo Field served as the beginning of the liberation of North-Eastern Rus' from the yoke of the Golden Horde and forever entered the history of Russia. The victory on the Kulikovo Field is associated, first of all, with the name of Prince Dmitry Donskoy, who appears before us in the form of a defender of Rus' and a great commander.

On September 6, 1380, the Russian army approached the Don at the confluence of the Nepryadva River. The place where the Grand Duke's army was stationed was called the Kulikovo Field. It had the shape of a horseshoe formed by the Don and Nepryadva flowing into it. The ends of the horseshoe were facing south. From there Mamai’s army came, blocking the gap between the ends of the horseshoe. On September 8, in the thick predawn fog, the Russian army began to deploy into battle formation. In total, six regiments were lined up: Sentry, Advanced, Bolshoi, Right and Left Hand regiments and Ambush.

The battle began around noon. The Tatars chopped up and crushed the advanced regiments and reached the line of the main Russian forces. The most intense place of the battle was the center of the Big Regiment. The Horde attacked him so fiercely that they almost tore him into two halves. Attacks and counterattacks gave way to a continuous oncoming battle, because due to the crowds there was nowhere to retreat.

The Russian infantry fell like mown hay. Blood flowed like water, the warriors died under the hooves and suffocated from the crowded conditions. The ambush regiment, led by Vladimir Serpukhovsky and Dmitry Volynsky, struck the Horde forces in the back and side with rage and terrible force. Skilled and experienced warriors beat the enemy with spears and chopped with swords. The stampede of the Horde began. Mamai, who was watching the battle from a high hill, fled.

November 7 is the day of the military parade on Red Square in Moscow to commemorate the twenty-fourth anniversary of the Great October Socialist Revolution (1941)

On November 7, 1941, a traditional parade of troops of the Moscow garrison took place on Red Square in Moscow to commemorate the 24th anniversary of the Great October Socialist Revolution. Opening the solemn procession, cadets walk past the Mausoleum in a clear and even formation. Everything is the same as before the war, but now the young men are wearing marching, rather than ceremonial, uniforms, and their pouches are filled with live ammunition. The USSR NKVD troops, infantry battalions, and rifle units are coming. Commanders and political workers are clearly marching ahead. Concluding the solemn procession, extermination battalions formed from workers of the city of Moscow pass by the Mausoleum. The cavalry enters the square. Machine-gun carts roar behind the squadrons. Motorized infantry passes. Completing the march of military equipment, the square was filled with tanks. The parade ended with the passing of the tanks. After the parade, the troops participating in the parade on Red Square returned to their usual combat missions - combat training, construction of defensive lines, protection of Moscow airspace, garrison and guard duty in the capital. The military parade, unprecedented in history, had a huge impact on strengthening the moral and political state of the Soviet people and their Armed Forces.

July 10 - Victory Day of the Russian army under the command of Peter the Great over the Swedes in the Battle of Poltava (1709)

In 1700, Russia began its century-long struggle for the Baltic lands that had been forcibly taken from it. This struggle lasted two decades and was called the Northern War (1700-1721). On November 18, 1700, Karl approached the Russian positions and with a sudden attack put the Russian regiments to flight.

But the genius, energy and will of Peter the Great had already changed the situation: a new Russian army stood before the Swedes, with new artillery, weapons and new uniforms. In the spring of 1707, the Swedish army began to move from Saxony to Poland, and it was no longer a secret to anyone that Charles’s immediate goal would be a campaign against Moscow. Karl's attempts to open his way to Moscow by force failed. At the beginning of April 1709, he concentrated his army near Poltava. On July 10, 1709, the Battle of Poltava took place, ending in the complete victory of the Russian army. As a result of the battle, the Swedish land army virtually ceased to exist.

August 9 - Day of the first naval victory in Russian history of the Russian fleet under the command of Peter the Great over the Swedes at Cape Gangut (1714)

The interests of Russia and its allies required a speedy end to the war with Sweden, which continued to dominate the sea. Therefore, the center of military operations was moved to the Baltic. The Swedish fleet was the first to begin the 1714 campaign. By April 25, Swedish ships had taken up positions near the Gangut Peninsula. And the Russian squadron was waiting for the moment when the eastern part of the Gulf of Finland would be free of ice. On July 23, one and a half thousand soldiers began to make flooring at the narrowest point of the peninsula in order to drag light galleys from its eastern side to the western side and thereby embarrass the enemy. This event disrupted the original plan of the Swedes, who intended to attack Russian ships right in the bay. Russian ships began an active attack on the Swedish fleet. Under continuous fire, Russian ships, skillfully maneuvering, quickly and stubbornly moved forward. Several Russian galleys came close to the galleys of the left flank of the Swedish line and grappled with them. A brutal boarding battle began. The Russian victory was complete. The Gangut victory meant a major turning point in the war at sea. The strongest Swedish fleet, covered in the glory of past successes, suffered a serious defeat from the very young Russian fleet.

December 24 - Day of the capture of the Turkish fortress of Izmail by Russian troops under the command of A.V. Suvorov (1790)

During one of the Russian-Turkish wars (1787-1791), Russian troops under the command of Chief General A.V. Suvorov showed courage in storming the Izmail fortress on December 24, 1790.

Built under the leadership of French and German engineers, the Izmail fortress was considered impregnable. It was defended by a 35,000-strong garrison with 265 guns. The assault, which was preceded by a long artillery preparation, began at 5 o'clock. 30 min. And it ended at 16:00 with the capture of Izmail and the complete destruction of the garrison. The Turks lost 26 thousand people killed, 9 thousand captured, all artillery, 345 banners, the Russians - 4 thousand people killed and 6 thousand people wounded. The capture of Izmail allowed Russian troops to gain a foothold in the lower reaches of the Danube. The fall of the Izmail fortress forced Turkey to make peace with Russia.

September 11 - Victory Day of the Russian squadron under the command of F.F. Ushakova over the Turkish squadron at Cape Tendra (1790)

The battle off Tendra Island was the final one in a series of naval battles fought by the Russian fleet during the Russian-Turkish War of 1787-1791. The Russian squadron under the command of F. F. Ushakov, significantly inferior in ships and artillery to the Turkish squadron, completely defeated the enemy.

September 8 - Day of the Battle of Borodino of the Russian army under the command of M.I. Kutuzov with the French army

(1812)

After the unsuccessful military campaigns of 1805, 1806 and 1807 for the Russian army, the French Emperor Napoleon began to rule Europe as if he were at home. To invade Russia, Napoleon prepared a huge army, called the Great. In Napoleon's strategic plan, Moscow became the main operational direction. On the night of June 11-12, French troops began to cross the Neman to Russian soil. In the area of ​​the village of Borodino, the commander-in-chief of the Russian army M.I. Kutuzov decided to give a general battle to Napoleon. On September 6, both sides prepared for battle. French troops shouting "Long live the Emperor!" rushed to the offensive. Seven times the French attacked the flushes, but each time their attacks were defeated by the stamina and courage of the Russian soldiers. In the last, eighth attack, Napoleon threw 45 thousand people, supporting them with the fire of 400 guns. The real carnage began. It seemed to Napoleon that victory was already in his hands. All that remained was to break the resistance in the center and take possession of the Kurgan Battery, for which a “fierce and terrible battle” had been going on for a long time. However, by this time Kutuzov was convinced that the bulk of the French troops were against the Russian center and left flank, and decided to carry out sabotage on the enemy’s left flank. At approximately 9:30 a.m., Kutuzov sent a cavalry corps to commit sabotage on the French left flank in order to pull part of their forces away from the Russian left flank. The suspension of enemy attacks for two hours allowed the Russian command to pull up reserves, regroup forces and prepare for further defense. After restoring the situation on his left flank, Napoleon resumed attacks on Raevsky’s battery and, at the cost of heavy losses, managed to capture it. Attempts to break through the Russian front at the Semenovsky ravine were unsuccessful - the Russian guards regiments, accompanied by the beating of drums, moved towards the enemy cavalry and overthrew it with bayonets.

By 18 o'clock the French attacks had ceased along the entire line. The Borodino field after the battle was a terrible picture. Thousands of dead lay in heaps. For the first time in decades of wars, Napoleon saw a field where almost 100 thousand people died on both sides in 10 hours of battle. For the first time they did not bring him trophy banners, they did not lead prisoners, for the first time no shouts of victory and flattery were heard.

December 1 - Victory Day of the Russian squadron under the command of P.S. Nakhimov over the Turkish squadron at Cape Sinop

(1853)

The Russian people suffered a new ordeal during the Crimean War of 1853-1856. It was a war between a coalition of Turkey, England, France on the one hand, and Russia on the other, which sought to defend its economic and political interests in the Black Sea and strengthen its influence in the Balkans. On the Black Sea, the Russian fleet blocked the forces of the Turkish fleet. In Sinop Bay (December 1, 1853), a squadron under the command of P. S. Nakhimov, thanks to the heroism and training of Russian sailors, naval skill, decisive and proactive actions of ship commanders, destroyed the Turkish squadron. This was the last major battle of the era of the sailing fleet. The Crimean War ended with the so-called Peace of Paris, under the terms of which Russia lost the right to have a fleet in the Black Sea. But the Russian people always found the strength not to lose heart, to repel the enemy and not give up.

In 1914, the First World War began. In 1917, the autocratic system was overthrown. The young socialist state defended its ideals and the new social system from attacks by internal and external counter-revolution.

During the week from February 18 to 24, 1918, the question of the fate of the socialist state was decided. At the peace negotiations in Brest-Litovsk, Germany and its allies presented the Soviet delegation with difficult predatory peace conditions, and made it clear that if they were rejected, they would resume hostilities. Young socialist Russia did not accept such conditions. In response, German-Austrian troops went on the offensive along the entire front and within a week advanced deeper into Soviet territory by more than 200 km, capturing a significant part of Ukraine, Belarus and the Baltic states. The remnants of the old Russian army retreated hastily and disorderly, abandoning artillery, ammunition, and equipment. On February 23, 1918, general mobilization was announced in the country, volunteers were enlisted en masse in the Red Army, and combat detachments were formed. The troops of the capital's garrison and the Baltic Fleet were put on alert. On the same day, having engaged in stubborn battles with German divisions in certain sectors of the front, units of the Red Army received a baptism of fire. Therefore, February 23, 1918 - the day when the Red Army showed itself on the battlefields - went down in the history of our Motherland as the birthday of the Soviet armed forces.

December 5 - Day of the start of the counter-offensive of Soviet troops against Nazi troops in the Battle of Moscow (1941)

The Battle of Moscow lasted a total of about seven months (September 30, 1941 – April 20, 1942) and was the largest battle in the Second World War at that time. More than 3 million people, up to 3 thousand tanks, more than 2 thousand aircraft, St. 22 thousand guns and mortars.

During the counter-offensive near Moscow by the forces of the Western (commander - Colonel General G. K. Zhukov), Kalinin (commander - Colonel General I. S. Konev) and Bryansk (commander - Colonel General Ya. T. Cherevichenko) fronts, the group The Center armies suffered a crushing blow. 38 Nazi divisions were defeated. The enemy's tank formations, which played a decisive role in the war, suffered especially heavy losses.

As a result of the counteroffensive and general offensive, the enemy was thrown back 150-400 km to the west, the threat of the capture of Moscow and the North Caucasus was eliminated, and the situation in Leningrad was eased. Moscow, Tula, partially a number of other regions, the Kerch Peninsula, as well as over 60 cities were liberated from the invaders. The breakdown of the Blitzkrieg and the defeat of Nazi troops in the Battle of Moscow marked the beginning of a radical turning point in the war.

February 2 - Day of the defeat of Nazi troops by Soviet troops in the Battle of Stalingrad (1943)

On February 2, 1943, the offensive operation of the Soviet troops in the Battle of Stalingrad ended. During the counteroffensive near Stalingrad, the troops of the South-Western (commanded by Lieutenant General N.F. Vatutin), Stalingrad (commander -

Colonel General A.I. Eremenko) and Donskoy (commander -

K.K. Rokossovsky) fronts, repelled an attempt by the German Army Group Don to liberate the troops encircled in Stalingrad and inflict a crushing defeat. The remnants of the 6th German Army (91 thousand people), led by commander Field Marshal F. Paulus, surrendered on February 2, 1943. The total enemy losses in the Battle of Stalingrad amounted to 1.5 million people. This victory made a decisive contribution to the development of a radical turning point in the war.

August 23 - Day of the defeat of Nazi troops by Soviet troops in the Battle of Kursk (1943)

To carry out the operation near Kursk, which received the name “Citadel”, the enemy concentrated: 50 divisions, incl. 16 tanks, Army Group Center and Army Group South; over 900 thousand people, about 10 thousand guns and mortars, up to 2,700 tanks and assault guns and more than 2 thousand aircraft. An important place in the enemy's plan was given to the massive use of new military equipment - Tiger and Panther tanks, new aircraft.

The Soviet command countered the offensive of fascist German troops against the northern and southern fronts of the Kursk ledge, which began on July 5, 1943, with a strong active defense. On July 12, Soviet troops, having exhausted the enemy, launched a counteroffensive. On this day, in the area of ​​the Prokhorovka railway station, the largest oncoming tank battle of the Second World War took place (up to 1,200 tanks and self-propelled guns on both sides). Developing the offensive, Soviet ground forces, supported from the air by massive strikes from two air armies and long-range aviation, by August 23 pushed the enemy back to the west by 140-150 km, liberating Orel, Belgorod and Kharkov.

The Wehrmacht lost 30 selected divisions in the Battle of Kursk, including 7 tank divisions, over 500 thousand soldiers and officers, 1.5 thousand tanks, more than 3.7 thousand aircraft, 3 thousand guns. The victories at Kursk and then in the Battle of the Dnieper completed a fundamental turning point in the Great Patriotic War and became a determining factor in turning the tide of the Second World War.

In their plans for the war against the USSR in 1941, German leaders assigned special importance to the capture of Leningrad. Already on the night of June 23, 1941, enemy aircraft bombed Leningrad for the first time. The flames of war came close to the city on the Neva. In this extremely difficult and dangerous situation, the construction of defensive structures around Leningrad began. Having failed to capture Leningrad with a frontal attack, the fascist troops attempted to close a second ring around it in order to cut off the narrow strip of water on Lake Ladoga, through which the population of the huge city, the front troops and the fleet were supplied. The fascist German command decided to break the defenders of Leningrad with a blockade, barbaric artillery shelling and air bombing. The shelling always began suddenly, and when people went to work or returned home at the end of their shift, when the streets were filled with people, the enemy opened hurricane fire. The siege put the city's supply of weapons, equipment, ammunition, fuel, electricity, raw materials, and food in an extremely difficult situation. A decision was made to reduce grain standards. The hunger was aggravated by the onset of severe frosts (down to – 30 C). All this sharply increased the mortality rate among the city's population. There was only one way out - the construction of a winter road on the ice of Ladoga, which was called the Road of Life. Ammunition and food were delivered along it, and industrial equipment, material and cultural assets were evacuated to the rear of the country. On January 18, 1943, the forces of the 1st separate battalion of the 123rd rifle brigade of the Leningrad Front and the 1st battalion of the 1240th regiment of the 372nd rifle division of the Volkhov Front cleared the southern coast of Lake Ladoga from enemy troops and thereby broke the blockade of Leningrad and restored direct land connection between the city and the country. On January 27, 1944, the blockade of Leningrad was completely and irrevocably lifted. In honor of the heroic

Defenders of Leningrad created a Belt of Glory around the city, more than 200 kilometers long (this was the perimeter of the blockade ring).

May 9 - Victory Day of the Soviet people in the Great Patriotic War of 1941 - 1945

(1945)

The Soviet Army had to carry out a liberation mission in the countries of Eastern Europe and destroy fascism in its lair - Berlin.

By mid-April 1945, the main groupings of fascist German troops were defeated on the Soviet-German front, almost all of Poland, Hungary, the eastern part of Czechoslovakia and Austria with its capital Vienna were liberated. The last decisive battle was coming - for Berlin.

In the early morning of May 1, the Red Banner flew over the defeated Reichstag; on May 2, the fascist garrison of Berlin capitulated. On May 9, Soviet troops liberated Prague, the capital of Czechoslovakia, which rebelled against the occupiers. The war in Europe is over.

Late in the evening of May 8, in a specially prepared hall at the military engineering school in Karlshorst, representatives of the German High Command signed the “Act of Military Surrender.”

On Victory Day, May 9, 1945, Moscow, on behalf of the Motherland, saluted the troops of the Red Army, units and ships of the Navy with 30 artillery salvoes from a thousand guns in honor of an event that will remain forever in the memory of generations of Russians and all humanity. Our people accomplished an unprecedented feat - they survived and won a brutal, bloody war.

The period after the death of Tsar Ivan the Terrible in 1584 and until 1613, when the first sovereign from the Romanov dynasty, Mikhail Fedorovich, reigned on the Russian throne, went down in history as the Time of Troubles. The country was alternately ruled by Grozny's son Fyodor Ivanovich, Grozny's former guardsman Boris Godunov, then False Dmitry I, who was in fact a minor nobleman from Galich. After the murder of the impostor in May 1606, as a result of a boyar conspiracy, a representative of the ancient boyar family, Vasily Shuisky, became king. But he, too, was overthrown in July 1610, and the country was ruled by a boyar government - the Seven Boyars, led by Prince Fyodor Mstislavsky.

Faced with the threat of a new impostor, False Dmitry II, coming to power by force, the Boyar Duma offered the Russian throne to the son of the Polish king Sigismund III, Vladislav. At their invitation, an eight-thousand-strong Polish army entered Moscow. In March 1611, an uprising against the Poles broke out in Moscow. But already on the second day the Poles suppressed the uprising.

In the fall of 1611, the popular movement for the liberation of Moscow and the entire country rose with renewed vigor. Nizhny Novgorod became its center. The local merchant Kuzma Minin played an important role in organizing the people's militia. Dmitry Pozharsky was invited to lead the fighting.

After a series of battles, the people's militia took China Town by storm. On November 4, 1612, a militia formed by Prince Pozharsky and the townsman Minin liberated the Kremlin from Polish invaders.

Scenarios

Abdrashitova, N. G. “The guys, your peers, went to battle”: a literary and musical composition about pioneer heroes / N. G. Abdrashitova // Read, learn, play. – 2005. - No. 7. – P. 15-18.

Avakyan, T. G. “Why did you, war, steal the boys’ childhood?..”: literary composition / T. G. Avakyan // Read, learn, play. – 2007. - No. 3. – P. 50- 54.

Arkhipova, I. Yu. Glory, Our Fatherland!: script for the historical and poetic hour / I. Yu. Arkhipova, S. M. Danilenko // Read, learn, play. – 2006. - No. 4. – P. 4-8

Bichevaya, E.V. “To the death for our land...”: an evening of historical portraits / E.V. Scourge // Read, learn, play. – 2000. - No. 7. – P. 52-60.

Bobrova, L. V. “Hussars are dashing knights...”: an evening of honor dedicated to the officers of Russia, the heroes of 1812 / L. V. Bobrova // Read, learn, play. – 2000. - No. 7. – P. 40-51.

Bobrova, L.V. Wait for me, and I will return...: literary and musical composition based on letters from the front / L.V. Bobrova // Read, learn, play. – 2003. - No. 2. – P. 25.

Bobrova, L. V. “Loyalty to distant courage, keeping ...”: script for a school holiday dedicated to Victory Day / L. V. Bobrova // Read, study, play. – 2007. - No. 3. – P. 45-49.

Burlaka, L. V. Hours of history: an educational game based on individual periods of history / L. V. Burlaka // Read, learn, play. – 2005.- No. 11. – P. 57 – 61.

Buyacheva, O. Yu. On the roads of the Great Patriotic War: literary and musical composition / O. Yu. Buyacheva // Read, learn, play. – 2000. - No. 2. – P. 19-25.

The Great Patriotic War in fiction: the fate of authors and works // Read, learn, play. – 2000. - No. 2. – P. 30-32; 39-41.

Vershinin, R. Great feat on the Volga: a theme evening dedicated to the 60th anniversary of the Battle of Stalingrad / R. Vershinin // News in the world of libraries. – 2003. - No. 4.

Voronicheva, O. The heavy battle did not spare us: a literary and musical evening-meeting / O. Voronicheva // Library. – 2003.- No. 2.- P. 75.

Gorshkova, N.V. “You must be proud of the glory of your ancestors”: script for an educational game for February 23 / N.V. Gorshkova // Read, learn, play. – 2005. - No. 12. – P. 4-10.

Davydova, M. A. Petrovsky military fun: a theatrical conversation / M. A. Davydova // Read, learn, play. – 2002. - No. 8. – P. 36-38.

Davydova, M. A. I serve faithfully - I don’t worry about anything: exciting competitions for Defender of the Fatherland Day / M. A. Davydova // Read, learn, play. – 2003. - No. 11. – P. 27-29.

Davydova, M. A. I serve faithfully - I don’t worry about anything: exciting competitions / M. A. Davydova // Read, learn, play. – 2003.- No. 11. – pp. 27-29.

Degtyareva, O. V. Bow down, Russia!: an evening dedicated to Defender of the Fatherland Day / O. V. Degtyareva // Read, learn, play. – 2002. - No. 8. – P. 4-11.

Demchenko, I. Salute and glory to the anniversary of an forever memorable day: a musical and poetic hour for Victory Day in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945. / I. Demchenko // Library. – 2007. - No. 3. – P. 75-77.

Efremova, N. I. The muses were not silent: a literary and musical evening / N. I. Efremova // Read, learn, play. – 2000. - No. 2. – P. 51-56.

Zaikova, G. A. “About the glory of those times”: literary and musical composition about the Battle of Kulikovo / G. A. Zaikova // Read, learn, play. – 2000. - No. 4. – P. 4-9.

Zarkhi, S. B. We kept the oath of allegiance: a literary and musical evening dedicated to the Patriotic War of 1812 / S. B. Zarkhi // Read, learn, play. – 2007. - No. 6. – P. 17-26.

Zozulya, L. A. “Oh, war, what have you done, vile ...”: literary and musical composition / L. A. Zozulya // Read, learn, play. – 2006. - No. 4. – P. 33-35.

Zolotareva, T. He divided the feelings of his heart between the Fatherland and God: the script of a literary and musical evening dedicated to the life and feat of arms of Prince Alexander Nevsky / T. Zolotareva // Patriot of the Fatherland. – 2006. - No. 5. – P. 38-41.

Kovalevskaya, E.V. Soldiers, brave guys!: a historical and musical evening about the great events of Russian military history - the Battle of the Ice, the Battle of Kulikovo, the Battle of Borodino / E.V. Kovalevskaya // Read, learn, play. – 2000. - No. 1. – P. 4-9

Kovalenko, N. M. The cruel truth of war: literary and musical composition / N. M. Kovalenko // Read, learn, play. – 2004.- No. 3. – P. 12-17.

Kolesnikova, L. A. “Your harsh history...”: a musical and historical evening dedicated to the era of the Time of Troubles / L. A. Kolesnikova // Read, learn, play. – 2006. - No. 10. – P. 78-83.

Kochurova, S. N. In the memory of generations: a literary and musical composition dedicated to the Great Victory / S. N. Kochurova // Read, learn, play. – 2005. - No. 8. – P. 39-45.

Kuznetsova, T. M. Bow with all your heart!: an intellectual game / T. M. Kuznetsova // Read, learn, play. – 2006. - No. 12. – P. 10-16.

Loginova, L. B. “I remembered everything that happened...”: a literary and musical evening for June 22 - the Day of Remembrance and Sorrow / L. B. Loginova // Read, learn, play. – 2006. - No. 4. – P. 26-32.

Lukashin, S. N. Spring March: script for a festive concert dedicated to Victory Day / S. N. Lukashin // How to entertain guests. – 2007. - No. 2. – P. 39-42.

Malgin, A. S. Glory to the warrior-defender!: material for May 9 / A. S. Malgin // Read, learn, play. – 2007. - No. 3. – P. 41-44.

Malygin, A. S. Valor and heroism of Soviet soldiers: a conversation about the Second World War / A. S. Malygin // Read, learn, play. – 2004.- No. 1. – P. 4-10.

Malygin, A. S. The victorious stage of the war: about the Yassko-Kishenev strategic offensive operation of 1944 / A. S. Malygin // Read, learn, play. – 2003. - No. 11. – P. 4.

Malygin, A. S. The destruction of the “Eastern Wall”: the battle for the Dnieper is 60 years old / A. S. Malygin // Read, learn, play. – 2003.- No. 7. – P. 4.

Maslakova, M. “There will be sea vessels”: a tournament of experts in the history of the Russian fleet / M. Maslakova // Read, learn, play. – 2003.-No. 5.- P. 29-35.

Mishchenko, A.V. Holy War: an evening of reflection on the 60th anniversary of the Battle of Stalingrad and the Kursk Bulge / A.V. Mishchenko // Read, learn, play. – 2003. - No. 2. – P. 4.

Nazvanova, N.V. Let the magical dreams come true that they once dreamed in forty-five...: a theatrical evening dedicated to Victory Day / N. Nazvanova // Read, learn, play. – 2007. - No. 3. – P. 55-58

Nikulsky, A. E. Panfilov’s Soldiers: material for preparing a lesson and a dramatic sketch for the 65th anniversary of the defeat of the Nazi troops near Moscow / A. E. Nikulsky // Read, learn, play. – 2006. - No. 11. – P. 54-60.

Oparina, N. A. Immortality: a literary and musical composition dedicated to the memory of the heroes of the Young Guard / N. A. Oparina // Read, learn, play. – 2005. - No. 9. – P. 40-45.

Osipova, G. F. “Bow to the earth, harsh and beautiful!”: a literary and musical evening for the 65th anniversary of the start of the Battle of Stalingrad / G. F. Osipova // Read, learn, play. – 2007. - No. 5. – P. 37-40.

Osipova, R. M. At the walls of the Brest Fortress: a history lesson for young readers / R. M. Osipova // Read, learn, play. – 2001. -No. 3. – P. 4.

Osipova, R. Remember, this city is Leningrad. Remember, these people are Leningraders: a memory lesson / R. Osipova // Read, learn, play. – 2002. - No. 1. – P. 18.

Petrova, S. V. The unquenchable fire of memory: material for a conversation about the Great Patriotic War / S. V. Petrova // Read, learn, play. – 2003. - No. 11. – P. 12.

Petrova, S. V. In besieged Leningrad: the blockade of Leningrad / S. V. Petrova // Read, learn, play. – 2003. - No. 8. – P. 4-22.

Poleva, N. Yu. Military feats of our great-grandfathers: script for a theatrical event for Defender of the Fatherland Day / N. Yu. Poleva // Read, learn, play. – 2006. - No. 12. – P. 4-9.

Prosekova, O. A. Day of Ilya Muromets and all heroes: festive competition in honor of Defender of the Fatherland Day / O. A. Prosekova // Read, learn, play. – 2005. - No. 12. – P. 16-18.

Raldugina, N. I. What an immeasurable weight has fallen on women’s shoulders!: a literary and musical composition about the Second World War / N. I. Raldugina // Read, learn, play. – 2003. - No. 12. – P. 4.

Ryazantseva, L. M. A line torn by a bullet...: a literary and musical composition for high school students / L. M. Ryazantseva // Read, learn, play. – 2000. - No. 2. – P. 42-45.

Ryazantseva, L. M. The name lit up with a star: a literary and musical composition dedicated to the memory of Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya / L. M. Ryazantsev // Read, learn, play. – 2005. - No. 12. – P. 19.

Rybalka, S.V. Salute to the defenders of the Fatherland!: script for an event dedicated to Victory Day / S.V. Rybalka // Read, learn, play. – 2006. - No. 3. – P. 33-35.

Sazonova, T. A. My poetry, you are from the trenches...: musical and poetic composition / T. A. Sazonova // Read, learn, play. – 2000. - No. 2. – P. 46-50.

Sazonova, T. I will not break my trench loyalty...: script for the 55th anniversary of the Second World War / Library. – 2000. - No. 4. – P. 60.

Sviyazova, A. I. About the past for the future: an educational journey into the history of the Fatherland / A. I. Sviyazova // Read, learn, play. – 2006. - No. 7. – P. 58-62.

Sergeeva, N. Oh frontline path!: literary and artistic evening-meeting with veterans / N. Sergeeva // Library.–2000.- No. 5. – P. 69.

Silutina, S. I fight, I believe, I love...: a literary evening dedicated to the heroes of the Second World War / S. Silutina // Read, learn, play. – 2003. - No. 3. – P. 27.

Scarupo, S. B. “The swords thundered like heavenly thunder”: a composition lesson dedicated to Dmitry Donskoy / S. B. Scarupo // Read, learn, play. – 2004. - No. 11. – P. 30-35.

Tarasova, E. G. Hero Cities: script for an oral journal / E. G. Tarasova // Read, learn, play. – 2004. - No. 4. – P. 4-16.

Tariko, L. A. “I can never forget...”: a literary evening dedicated to the defense of Leningrad / L. A. Tariko // Read, learn, play. – 2004. - No. 3. – P. 18-23.

Khomchenko, O. S. These days the glory will not cease: historical quiz / O. S. Khomchenko // Read, learn, play. – 2006. - No. 12. – P. 23-26.

Cherednichenko, T. A. You saved the Motherland in the battle: a poetic evening for the battle on the Kursk Bulge and the Dnieper / T. A. Cherednichenko // Read, learn, play. – 2003. - No. 5. – P. 4 – 6.

Chernyshova, V.P. Bayonet and feather: a review of literature for youth / V.P. Chernyshova // Read, learn, play. – 2000. - No. 2. – P. 26-29.

Shatilova, V. Front-line poets...the war rhymed your lives...: script for Victory Day / V. Shatilova // Read, learn, play. – 2002. - No. 1. – P. 4.

Shelamova, G. N. In the footsteps of courage and perseverance: oral journal / G. N. Shelamova // Read, learn, play. – 2003. - No. 11. – P. 20-26.

Shulzhenko, T. N. Glory to you, soldier!: a memorial evening for Defender of the Fatherland Day / T. N. Shulzhenko // Read, learn, play. – 2003.- No. 11. – P. 8-11.

The bibliographic manual “Days of Russian Glory” reflects information about the Days of Military Glory of Russia. The manual includes a list of the most interesting scenarios on a patriotic theme.

M., 1973. Khoroshkevich A. L. ... stories"(7, 38). Against it Pushkin strongly objected. “Vega and Calderon are constantly transferring in All parts ... PUSHKIN ABOUT THE DRAMATURGY OF CLASSICISM IN RUSSIA AND IN THE WEST Russian tragedy XVIII century was In eyes Pushkin... Gogol Russian state, his...

Incomprehensible and incredible Russia. This is how our Motherland appears before the eyes of our opponents and enemies. Even those of them who initially underestimated the people inhabiting our country, at the cost of huge losses, recognized the immutable truth: Russia is invincible. Our history contains many such examples.

“Never fight the Russians. They will respond to your every military trick with unpredictable stupidity,” warned German Chancellor Otho von Bismarck back in the 19th century.

Only he called stupidity what those who attacked our land could not understand. This is courage, heroism, incredible self-sacrifice, and the fortitude of the people inhabiting our country.

So what do the losers say about us? Those who set out to conquer the freest people.

“My God, what are these Russians planning to do to us? We’ll all die here!”

The greatest feat was accomplished by the USSR during the Great Patriotic War. At the cost of millions of lives, the country won the bloodiest war in world history. The desperate resistance and heroism of Soviet soldiers amazed even the Germans, who initially considered the Slavs to be “subhuman.”

When the Nazis set foot on Russian soil, they immediately encountered fierce resistance. The Nazi army, which easily conquered all of Europe, did not expect such a rebuff at all.

German officer Erich Mende recalled the words of his superior, who fought with the Russians during the First World War: “Here, in these vast expanses, we will find our death, like Napoleon. Mende, remember this hour, it marks the end of the old Germany.”

From the first days of the war, German soldiers and unit commanders noted that the war with the Russians was radically different from what it was in Europe. The Germans were amazed by the tenacity and perseverance of the Russian soldier in defense - never giving up and always emerging victorious.

This is how on June 22, 1941, when enemy forces took the defenders of the Brest Fortress by surprise, Franz Halder, chief of staff of the High Command of the Wehrmacht Ground Forces, described in his diary:

“Where the Russians were knocked out or smoked out, new forces soon appeared. They crawled out of basements, houses, sewer pipes and other temporary shelters, fired with precision, and our losses continually grew.”

One of the German soldiers who fought at Stalingrad surprisingly accurately reflected in his diary the incredible qualities of Soviet soldiers.

“October 1. Our assault battalion reached the Volga. More precisely, there are still 500 meters to the Volga. Tomorrow we will be on the other side and the war is over.”

"October 3. There is very strong fire resistance, we cannot overcome these 500 meters. We are standing on the border of some kind of grain elevator."

"October 10. Where are these Russians coming from? The elevator is no longer there, but every time we approach it, fire is heard from underground."

“It turned out that the elevator was defended by 18 Russians, we found 18 corpses.”

A battalion of 350-700 people could not break the resistance of eighteen soldiers for two weeks.

“I’ve never seen anyone more evil than these Russians. Real watchdogs! You never know what to expect from them. And where do they get tanks and everything else?!”, recalled another German military man.

What is good for a Russian is death for a German.

Many also noted the close communication with nature of Russian people and his unpretentiousness in food and comfort.

The chief of staff of the 4th Army of the Wehrmacht, General Günther Blumentritt, wrote: “Close communication with nature allows the Russians to move freely at night in the fog, through forests and swamps. They are not afraid of the dark, endless forests and cold. They are no stranger to winter when the temperature drops to minus 45.”

The cold and endless expanses of our Motherland did not really appeal to the German invaders. The same Blumentritt argued that the endless and melancholic expanses of Russia had a depressing effect on the Germans, accustomed to small territories. This influence was especially intensified in autumn or winter, when the landscape was transformed. At this time, the German soldier felt insignificant and lost.

Another Wehrmacht general, Friedrich Wilhelm von Mellenthin, noted that the strength of the Russian soldier lies in his special closeness to nature. He wrote that for Russian people there are no such natural obstacles as swamps, swamps, or impenetrable forests. Under these conditions, the Russians felt at home, Mellenthin marveled. They easily crossed wide rivers using the most basic means at hand and could build roads everywhere.

“In a few days, the Russians build many kilometers of roads through impassable swamps,” Mellenthin wrote.

The Germans also noted with bewilderment that the Russians practically did not surrender and fought to the last soldier. This worried them very much, because a person for whom duty and Motherland are more valuable than life is invincible.

Thousands of partisans also stood up to defend our Motherland behind enemy lines. For the Germans, by their own admission, the fight against the partisan movement turned into a real nightmare.

The world has never known such mass heroism as during the Great Patriotic War. Such self-sacrifice has no analogues in the entire history of mankind. Similar heroic deeds, when soldiers covered the embrasures of pillboxes with their chests, were performed by hundreds of Soviet soldiers. Neither the Germans nor the representatives of the Allied forces did anything like this.

Russians do not surrender or “attack of the dead”.

The heroism of the Russian people was manifested not only during the Second World War. It was recognized by our enemies during the First World War. Then Germany easily defeated the armies of France and England, which were considered the strongest in Europe. At the same time, just as during World War II, it faced an “insurmountable obstacle” - Russia. The Germans could not help but note the fierce resistance of the Russian soldiers until their last breath, even when death was inevitable, which is why they fought even more courageously.

According to the recollections of many of our opponents, both in the First and Second World Wars, the Russians went on the attack, even knowing that the enemy’s forces significantly exceeded their own. However, despite the fact that our army in many wars was significantly inferior both in the technical component and in the number of soldiers, it managed to win incredible victories. History is replete with such examples. The Germans in both the First and Second World Wars were perplexed: how could the Russians win victories when the German army was technically much better equipped, when their forces outnumbered ours?

Major Kurt Hesse wrote: “Those who fought against the Russians in the Great War will forever retain in their souls deep respect for this enemy. Without the large technical means that we had at our disposal, only weakly supported by our artillery, the sons of the Siberian steppes had to withstand the fight against us for weeks and months. Bleeding, they courageously performed their duty.”

The birth of the legendary phrase “Russians do not give up!” usually associated with an event that took place on the battlefields of the First World War.

In 1915, Russian troops held the defense of the Osovets fortress, which was located on the territory of modern Belarus. The command gave the order to hold out for 48 hours, but one small Russian garrison defended itself for 190 days.

For several months in a row, the Germans bombed the fortress day and night. Thousands of shells and bombs were dropped on the defenders of the fortress. There were very few of them, but there was always the same answer to the offer to surrender.

Then on the morning of August 6, 1915, the Germans used poisonous gases against the defenders. They deployed 30 gas batteries opposite the fortress. Our soldiers had almost no gas masks or any means of protection against chemical weapons at their disposal.

Every living thing on the territory of the fortress was poisoned. The grass turned black, and a toxic layer of chlorine oxide lay on the surface of the guns. Immediately after the gas attack, the enemy used artillery and 7,000 soldiers moved to storm Russian positions.

The Germans believed that the fortress had already been taken; they did not expect to meet anyone alive on its territory...

And at that moment, a Russian counterattack fell on them from a poisonous green fog. The soldiers, who numbered a little more than sixty, walked to their full height. For every Russian warrior there were more than a hundred opponents. But they walked to the bayonet quarters, shaking with coughing and spitting out pieces of their lungs onto their bloody tunics. Everyone moved forward as one, with the sole purpose of crushing the Germans.

The Russian soldiers, who, it would seem, should have already been dead, plunged the Germans into such genuine horror that they rushed back. They fled in panic, trampling each other, hanging on barbed wire fences. At this time, the revived Russian artillery hit them.

Several dozen half-dead Russian soldiers put several well-equipped enemy battalions to flight.

Another example where incredible fortitude and courage accomplished the seemingly impossible. “Attack of the Dead” became an immortal feat of the Russian people.

We say Russians, but we mean many nationalities, because our country is a multinational and multi-confessional state, united under the banner of Great Russia. On the battlefields of both the First and Second World Wars, representatives of various nationalities died and performed great feats. All of them created the history of Russian military glory.