The presentation "Poets of Pushkin's era" can be used in literature lessons in the 8th grade using the textbook by G.S. Merkin, as well as in literature lessons in the 9th grade as a repetition of what was learned for the lessons "Poetry of the early 19th century"

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Oral magazine “Poets of Pushkin’s era” A distant reflection of Pushkin’s galaxy... We are unlikely to see another one like this Teacher of Russian language and literature MAOU “Lyceum No. 4” Cheboksary Alekseeva L.A.

Kuchelbecker V.K. BARATYNSKY E.A. Ryleev K.F. K. N. Batyushkov Kuchelbeker V.K. Pushchin I.I. Delvig A.A.

Konstantin Nikolaevich Batyushkov... I can’t feel half of it...

Batyushkov and Pushkin In 1814, Batyushkov met lyceum student Pushkin. Pushkin admired him: “What a miracle worker this Batyushkov is!”; rightly noted: “Batyushkov... “did for the Russian language what Petrarch did for the Italian language,” pointing to the “harmonic accuracy” of his poems.

What do we remember about Batyushkov? Participant in the campaigns of Russian troops in Prussia against Napoleon Served in Italy in the Russian diplomatic mission He is called the head of “light poetry” in Russia “Russian Crossing the Neman”, “My Genius”, “Inscription for the Portrait of Zhukovsky”...

Anton Antonovich Delvig “And you came, inspired son of laziness, O my Delvig: your voice awakened the heat of the heart, lulled for so long, and I cheerfully blessed fate.” A.S. Pushkin

Delvig and Pushkin. He had the most tender friendship with Pushkin. According to the unanimous statement of his friends, Pushkin loved no one as much as Delvig. And Pushkin himself wrote after Delvig’s death: “No one in the world was closer to me than Delvig. Of all the childhood connections, he was the only one who remained in sight - our poor little group gathered around him. Without him we would definitely be orphans.” It was Delvig who in April 1825 visited the exiled Pushkin in Mikhailovskoye. What a wonderful year it was for Pushkin! In January Pushchin came to him, and in April Delvig. For visiting the disgraced poet, Delvig was severely punished: he lost his place in the library.

What do we remember about Delvig? The first of the lyceum students to publish poems in real, not handwritten, print - in the journal "Bulletin of Europe" Publisher of the almanac "Northern Flowers", editor of the "Literary Newspaper" Lyrical genres predominated in his work: elegies, romances The romance "My Nightingale, Nightingale" was set to music Alyabyeva

Evgeny Abramovich Baratynsky Reading Baratynsky’s poems, you cannot deny him your sympathy, because this man, feeling strongly, thought a lot, and therefore lived, as not everyone is given to live,” Belinsky wrote about Baratynsky.

Baratynsky and Pushkin “Baratynsky,” Pushkin asserted, “is one of our excellent poets. He is original with us, because he thinks... he thinks in his own way... while he feels strongly and deeply.”

How do we remember Baratynsky? He did not belong to any literary movement; he wrote messages and elegies. They were called "psychological miniatures." The elegy “Disbelief” (“Do not tempt me unnecessarily...”) was set to music by composer M.I. Glinka.

Conclusions The questions that worried the poets of Pushkin's time: love, the beauty of nature, the interests of the people, war, human rights and dignity, continue to worry us, residents of the 21st century. These questions will always be relevant, no matter how much time passes. There are no generations past and present, we are all contemporaries.”

3 Batyushkov K.N. K.N. Batyushkov was born on May 18, 1787 into a noble family. He was brought up in St. Petersburg, in private boarding schools, where he studied foreign languages ​​well, became thoroughly acquainted with literature and began to write poetry himself. According to the memoirs of contemporaries, Batyushkov’s appearance exactly corresponded to the ideas of people at the beginning of the 19th century. about what a poet should be. Pale face, blue eyes, thoughtful look. He read poetry in a quiet, soft voice, inspiration shone in his eyes.

4 O.E. Mandelstam - Batyushkov Like a reveler with a magic cane, gentle Batyushkov lives with me, He walks through poplars in the bridge, Smells a rose and sings to Daphne. Not believing for a minute in separation, It seems that I bowed to him, I press my cold hand in a light glove with feverish envy. He chuckled. I said: “Thank you,” and out of embarrassment I could not find the words: No one has these bending sounds... And never this talk of oxen! Our torment and our wealth He boldly brought with him - The noise of poetry and the bell of brotherhood, And the harmonious shedding of tears.

6 Zhukovsky V.A. “We have a writer with a genius who would have done more than Peter the Great.” The poet attached exceptional importance to the content and purpose of art. The son of a captive Turkish woman and a Russian landowner, he had deep sympathy for the fate of the serf intellectuals. More than half of everything Zhukovsky wrote is translation. Zhukovsky revealed to the Russian reader Goethe, Schiller, Byron, Walter Scott, Uhland, Burger, Southey, br. Grimm, Jung and many other less significant, but no less famous then Western European poets and writers.

7 A.S. Pushkin - “Zhukovsky” (1818) You are right, you create for a few, Not for envious judges, Not for collectors of wretched Other people’s judgments and news, But for strict friends of talent, Friends of sacred truth......Who enjoys the beautiful In the beautiful received an inheritance And understood your delight as a fiery and clear delight.

10 Davydov D.V. Davydov created only about fifteen “hussar” songs and messages. The volume of his work is generally small, but the mark he left on Russian poetry is indelible. Davydov's manner has forever remained exceptional due to its straightforwardness.

11 Romance Do not awaken, do not awaken My madness and frenzy, And do not return fleeting dreams, do not return! Do not repeat to me the name of the one whose memory is the torment of life, Like in a foreign land the song of the fatherland to the exile of his native land. Do not resurrect, do not resurrect Me, the misfortunes that have forgotten, Give rest to the anxieties of passion, And do not irritate the wounds of the living. Or no! Rip the cover off! It is easier for me to grieve self-will than false cold-bloodedness, than my deceptive peace. 1834

13 D. Samoilov “Poems about Delvig” Delvig... Laziness... Young maiden... Morning... Weak snowstorm... A gimp emerges from the song of a children's Christmas tree. And why should we really disturb the spirit of the times! Blond snowstorms... Delvig... Virgo... Sweet dream... ... No - no, it’s not in vain that an ideal belonging to a generation is preserved!.. Oh Delvig, you have achieved something through laziness that not everyone has achieved through hard work!

14 Delvig A.A. Memoirs, letters, poems brought to us the appearance of Delvig - a sloth, drowsy and careless. Anton Delvig was born on August 6, 1798 in Moscow. On his father's side, he came from an old but impoverished family of Baltic barons. Delvig studied first at a private boarding school, and then at the Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum, where his closest friend was A. S. Pushkin.

16 Vyazemsky P.A. “How many times have I, dear sirs and merciless despots, told you that I don’t want to write like one or the other, not like Karamzin, not like Zhukovsky, not like Turgenev, but I want to write like Vyazemsky...” Unlike the lyrical hero Davydov, the image of the author in Vyazemsky’s poetry is purely intellectual. At the same time, the acuity of intellect in Vyazemsky’s poems, just like courage in D. Davydov, seems to be a property of nature.

17 Vyazemsky P.A. In his declining years, Vyazemsky seemed to himself to be just a fragment of past generations, but this is not so. Having begun one of his best poems with the words “I have experienced many, many...” and died forty-one years after Pushkin’s death, over these four decades he, together with Russian lyrics, approached new poetic frontiers that opened up after his death.

19 Kuchelbecker V.K. Friend of Pushkin and Griboedov, interlocutor of Goethe, who was inspired by an interest in the then young Russian poetry, passionate literary critic (but, according to Pushkin, “a smart man with a pen in his hands”), philologist-erudite, brilliant lecturer and promoter of liberties and Russian literature in Paris , the legendary eccentric poet, a laughing stock for literary enemies and even friends, a possible prototype of Pushkin’s Lensky...

20 Kuchelbecker V.K. Kuchelbecker, like other Decembrists, stood firmly on educational positions and at the same time internalized the revolutionary meaning of enlightenment. The Decembrists understood the improvement of man and society as alteration, restructuring, transformation. The most characteristic type of Decembrist is the type of political enthusiast. Enthusiasm is the basis of Kuchelbecker’s personal mental make-up, the basis of his life behavior, political convictions, and aesthetic theories.

22 Yazykov N.M. From the very beginning of his poetic career, Yazykov was preparing for glory and triumphs. “The time will come when I will have a lot, a lot of new things and when my poems will be a hundred times more worthy...” “And then... oh, then many, very many, perhaps, beautiful things await me...” “Just give me health, and I will do miracles in the literary world... everything will go well for me, time will dance to my tune...” In his letters to his family, Yazykov is completely focused on his talents and successes in the present and future.

23 Yazykov N.M. Yazykov’s nature also includes a love of freedom. Yazykov was close here not to the tradition of Byron, who created the first freedom-loving character in European literature, but to Denis Davydov. Davydov and Yazykov depict their originality not as a general romantic type of an “exceptional” personality, but as a “national character”, covered in the romance of daring and strong passions. Yazykov did this consciously and persistently. All the properties of “nature” are presented in his poems as properties of the Russian national character.

26 Baratynsky E.A. E. A. Baratynsky was born on February 19, 1800 in the Tambov province, into a noble family. At the age of 5 the boy learned to read and write in Russian, and at the age of 6 he spoke French and Italian well. Later he continued his studies in St. Petersburg, first at a private boarding school, and then at the Corps of Pages.

27 Poets of Pushkin's time With their creativity they contributed to the development of national literature. They improved versification, introduced many new themes - social, historical, personal - and brought poetry closer to the people. But their main merit is that they sensitively responded to the needs and interests of their people, promoted the ideas of patriotism, and spoke out in defense of human rights and dignity. And their poems are close to us today because of the sincerity of their feelings.

28 Dmitriev Mikhail Alexandrovich (1863) “Today is a transitional time!” - Enlightenmentists repeat. I'm tired of this fashionable word, it's my fault. – There is little consolation in a word, the Word is a sound, that’s not the question! Let them simply, without hesitation, say out loud: where are we going? ... This is how we will deal with transitions. We are without bread - what then? It will be a shame in front of smart peoples, gentlemen!

Poets of Pushkin's time

Evgeny Baratynsky

Love and friendship

There is a difference between love and friendship

But how do they want to differentiate?

They still want to buy them,

Only we are told to hide one.

An empty thought! The deception is in vain!

Friendship can be tender, passionate,

Constricts the heart, moves the blood,

And even though it hides its dangerous fire,

But with the girl she's beautiful

Always looks like love.

“He is original with us - because he thinks. He would be original everywhere, because he thinks in his own way, correctly and independently, while he feels strongly and deeply” (A. S. Pushkin)

Evgeniy Abramovich Baratynsky was born in 1800, died while traveling abroad in 1844.

As a teenager, he got involved with bad company and became an accidental participant in a stupid prank, because of which he was expelled from the Corps of Pages and deprived of the right to enter service other than soldiering. This plunged the boy into depression. Since then, the state of depression has become familiar to him. Baratynsky served as a soldier, then he was eventually promoted to officer. Then he retired.

Unhappy love upset the poet even more. The marriage was also unsuccessful: the wife suffered from nervous attacks. One of them also became the cause of the death of Baratynsky, who was already severely traumatized by the recent unfair criticism from V. G. Belinsky.

Main themes of poetry:

• Love
• Nature
• Reflections on life and death

Be in love. Pray. Sing. Holy purpose

The soul yearning in its exile,

Holy sacrament earthly expression,

Premonition and grief about something unearthly,

A dark legend about what was clear,

And the hope that it will happen again;

A soul attuned to harmony with the beautiful,

Three eternal strings: prayer, song, love!

Happy is he who is given to know your joy,

Who cups the cup of joy and the cup of bitter sorrow

Always blessed with love and prayer

And the inner songs were like a living harp!

Peter Vyazemsky

Fate wanted to show its gifts in him,

In a happy darling, connecting by mistake

Wealth, noble family with an exalted mind

And simplicity with a sarcastic smile.

A. S. Pushkin

Pyotr Andreevich Vyazemsky lived a long and eventful life. He was a participant in the War of 1812, a translator, a popularizer of Russian literature abroad, a statesman, a historian, a member of the Academy of Sciences, the head of censorship, a happy husband and father of 8 children. He was a friend of Pushkin and Tyutchev, and as a critic he wrote about both Goncharov and A. Tolstoy. He composed poems dedicated to the birth of the future Emperor Nicholas II.

Awarded several orders.

Alexander Odoevsky

Prophetic strings of fiery sounds...

Strings of prophetic fiery sounds

It has reached our ears,

Our hands rushed to the swords,

And - they just found shackles.

But be calm, bard! - chains,

We are proud of our destiny,

And behind the prison gates

In our hearts we laugh at kings.

Our sorrowful work will not be wasted,

A flame will ignite from a spark,

And our enlightened people

Will gather under the holy banner.

We will forge swords from chains

And let us light the flame of freedom again!

She will come upon the kings,

And the peoples will sigh with joy!

He retained the sparkle of his azure eyes,

And sonorous children's laughter, and lively speech,

And a proud faith in people and other life.

M. Yu. Lermontov

Alexander Ivanovich Odoevsky is a Decembrist poet, the author of A.S. Pushkin’s response to his message “To Siberia,” he was the first to devote poems to the wives of the Decembrists. He was a close friend of A. S. Griboyedov and M. Yu. Lermontov.

After the Decembrist uprising, A.I. Odoevsky was exiled to Siberia, but later transferred to the active army in the Caucasus, where he died of malaria in the area of ​​​​the modern village of Lazarevskoye; his grave has not survived.

Konstantin Batyushkov

This old man who always flies

Always comes, goes away,

Lives everywhere - both here and there,

He takes days and centuries with him,

Eats up mountains, dries up rivers

And gives new life to the worlds,

This old man is an evil burden for mortals,

Desired by everyone, feared by everyone,

Winged, light, in a word - time,

May it be in your friendship

Always an unchanging guarantee

And, running through the stupid light,

Sacred altar for friendship

Love and happiness will bring you!

“...breathes with some kind of rapture of luxury, youth and pleasure - the syllable trembles and flows, the harmony is charming”

A. S. Pushkin

The fate of K. Batyushkov is tragic. He suffered from a hereditary mental illness, which, however, did not manifest itself immediately. At the beginning of his life, Batyushkov was a famous poet, participated in the 1807 war with Napoleon, and was the custodian of manuscripts at the Public Library. However, already from 1818, the disease began to manifest itself more and more often, the poet was treated abroad, but to no avail, and from 1833 to 1855 he lived in Vologda, where he spent a lot of time in nature and communicated almost exclusively with his horse.

Batyushkov's poems were highly appreciated by his contemporaries. He was a friend of Gnedich, Zhukovsky, and a close acquaintance of Pushkin.

Denis Davydov

To a comrade in 1812, on his way to the army

We are both flying on a long journey, my comrade,

There, where the battle is in full swing, where the Russian bayonet is raging,

But love grieves for you...

Lucky! about you - I saw it myself - with longing

They began to ache... a wet gaze sought after you;

And at least they sighed for me,

At least look out the window,

How I rode in a troika

And, forgetting peace and bliss,

The cart fell into the courier's box,

He wet the hussar's mustache with tears.

Denis Vasilyevich Davydov was born in 1784 and lived for 54 years, similar to an adventure novel. As a child, Suvorov himself predicted a military career for him. After the death of Catherine the Second, Davydov's father was accused of embezzling money (of which he was innocent) and ordered to return it. I had to sell the estate. Having barely collected the money, Davydov’s father bought the village of Borodino (it burned down during the battle).

Denis became a military man. He was transferred from cavalry guards to hussars for his harsh epigrams. When the wars with Napoleon began, Davydov barely managed to get to the front, becoming Bagration's adjutant.

During the War of 1812, D. Davydov became the commander of one of the “flying” partisan detachments. Having become famous for his many victories, he ended the war with the rank of major general.

Many of Davydov’s poems and his memoirs, priceless for historians, are famous.

To you, singer, to you hero!

I couldn't follow you

With cannon thunder, in fire

Ride a mad horse.

A. S. Pushkin

Denis Davydov had nine children.

The film “Squadron of Flying Hussars” is dedicated to the poet and hero.

In 2012, a commemorative coin with the image of D.V. Davydov was issued.

Carolina Pavlova

He is a guest of the universe, he has a feast everywhere,

Everywhere is a land of wonders;

The whole sublunary world was given to him as his inheritance,

The entire volume of heaven;

Everything lives him, everything is around him

For a dream magnet:

The stream will gurgle - and here we go in chorus with the stream

His verse murmurs;

Will the forest roar when fighting a thunderstorm?

Like an angry tiger -

To him the howling of storms is only a living thing

Sweet-sounding games.

I praise and respect you

For being in your native land

Belong with all your soul

What do you sing in our opinion?

Even the languages ​​of Chenier and Goethe

We are obedient to you, like your own.

N. Yazykov

Karolina Pavlova first became famous as a translator of Russian poets into German and French; then her poems appeared, written in German and arousing a favorable review from Goethe. And only in the 30s Karolina Karlovna began to write in Russian. Her poems from the 30s and 40s are the pinnacle of her creativity.

Dmitry Venevitinov

First life captivates us:

Everything is warm in her, everything warms my heart

And, like a tempting story,

Our mind cherishes the whimsical.

Something frightens you from afar, -

But in this fear there is pleasure:

It pleases the imagination

How about a magical adventure

An old man's night story.

But the playful deception will end!

We get used to miracles.

Then we look at everything lazily,

Then life became hateful to us:

Its riddle and denouement

Already long, old, boring,

Like a fairy tale retold

Tired before the hour of sleep.

“...I know that his death must have struck you. What a combination of wonderful talents and beautiful youth!” (From a letter from A. A. Delvig to A. S. Pushkin)

Dmitry Venevitinov lived a very short life; he died of severe pneumonia before he was 22 years old. Nevertheless, he left behind poems, translations, philosophical and literary articles, drawings and musical works. Venevitinov brilliantly spoke several foreign languages, studied painting under the guidance of an artist and music under the guidance of a composer, and then graduated from Moscow University and founded a society for the study of German philosophy.

Venevitinov's death shocked all cultured people of that time. A. S. Pushkin and A. Mitskevich were present at the funeral.

Thank you for your attention!

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Abstract plan: Introduction. A. Mickiewicz. E. A. Baratynsky. K. N. Batyushkov. N. M. Yazykov. D. V. Davydov. P. A. Vyazemsky. Conclusion. Glossary of terms. Literature.

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1. Introduction. Problem: The development of Russian poetry in the first third of the 19th century, that is, Pushkin’s era. Purpose: Show the development of Russian literature at the beginning of the 19th century. Objectives: 1. Study the literature on the topic. 2. Analyze the Pushkin era (the first third of the 19th century). 3. Show the beauty of Russian poetry of Pushkin’s era. There are several hundred names in Pushkin's circle. The poet's circle of acquaintances, his personal, friendly and business connections are unusually wide and varied. “Pushkin in ordinary, everyday life, in everyday relationships, was inordinately kind-hearted and simple-hearted... Pushkin was generally simple-minded, accommodating, condescending, even sometimes to excess.” (P. A. Vyazemsky). Among Pushkin's friends are outstanding people of his time: the Decembrists, heroes of the Patriotic War, major writers and poets, famous actors, famous artists. Pushkin was close to many prominent scientists, statesmen, and diplomats. Along with this, among the poet’s acquaintances there are many unremarkable people who would not have interested us in any way if Pushkin had not once met on their way. A very special place in the poet’s soul was occupied by the friends of his youth - lyceum students; he carried loyalty to the lyceum brotherhood throughout his life. But in Pushkin’s circle there are not only friends. Irreconcilable to vulgarity, ignorance, inertia and stupidity, caustic and harsh at every meeting with them, a recognized singer of freedom and freedom-loving, Pushkin had many enemies. The circle of his friends and like-minded people thinned over the years: Delvig died, Ryleev was hanged; Pushchin and Kuchelbecker - “in the depths of Siberian ores”; Chaadaev was declared crazy... The furious clique of persecutors, enemies and envious people multiplied. In Pushkin's lyrics, in his friendly poetic messages, in "Eugene Onegin", in epigrams, in letters and diary entries, in critical articles and notes, we find expressive, capacious characteristics of the people around him - both the poet's friends and enemies. Pushkin's fate is inseparable from his time, from the fate of his generation. The more we know about the people among whom the poet lived and worked, the deeper and more diverse his creations and his personality are revealed to us.

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2. Adam Mickiewicz (1798-1855) Adam Mickiewicz was born in Belarus, near the city of Novogrudok, on the Zaosye farmstead, on December 24, 1798. The years of youth brought new joys and the first disappointments, storms, and trials. of the year. Mickiewicz and several of his friends founded in 1817 a secret youth community called the “Society of Philomaths” (that is, “those who love science”), where poems, stories, scientific works were read and discussed, speeches were made, debates were held, and songs were sung. Due to censorship conditions, Mickiewicz was not able to publish everything written by 1822. In 1823, he published the second volume of his poetic works. It includes the poem “Grazyna”, as well as parts II and IV of the dramatic poem “Dziady”. And in the same 1823, a thunderstorm broke out over the heads of Mickiewicz and his comrades. The tsarist authorities were on the trail of the Philaret-Philomath circles. The year 1825, spent by Mickiewicz in Odessa, was marked by the creation of many brilliant lyrical masterpieces. A trip to Crimea made at the same time becomes the occasion for the description of the famous “Crimean Sonnets”. At the end of 1825, Mickiewicz was assigned to Moscow. Here his connections with Russian writers are strengthened. Among his acquaintances are V. A. Zhukovsky, E. A. Baratynsky, I. I. Kozlov, P. A. Vyazemsky, N. A. Polevoy and many others. In 1826, Mickiewicz met with Pushkin. In 1829, Mitskevich managed to obtain permission to leave Russia. In 1839-1840 he taught ancient literature in Lausanne, in 1840-1841 he gave the famous course of lectures on Slavic literature at the College de France in Paris. In 1848, he created the Polish Legion, which fought for the freedom of Italy, and a year later he took part in the publication of the democratic newspaper “Tribune of Nations” in Paris. And the last trip in his life was a political mission to Constantinople in connection with the Crimean War. In Turkey, Mickiewicz fell ill with cholera and died on November 26, 1855. His ashes are solemnly transferred to Krakow and buried in Wawel.

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3. E. A. Baratynsky (1800-1844) Evgeniy Abramovich was born on February 19, 1800 in the village of Mara Kirsanovsky in the Tambov province. From 1812 to 1816 he studied at the St. Petersburg Corps of Pages. In 1819, having arrived in St. Petersburg, he joined the Life Guards Jaeger Regiment. Here he met A. A. Delvig, V. K. Kuchelbecker, N. I. Gnedich, F. N. Glinka. In April 1825, many years of efforts to promote Baratynsky to officer were finally crowned with success. During this period, many of Baratynsky’s most famous works were created: the poems “Ball” (1828) and “Gypsy” (1831), the poems “The Last Death” (1827), “Chains Imposed by Fate” (1828), “I Will Not Bring You Out of the Darkness” "(1828), "My gift is poor and my voice is not loud" (1828), "in the days of boundless hobbies" (1831), "To Goethe's death" (1832), "Why should a slave dream of freedom?.." (1833 ) and others. In 1835, the poet released his second work, which then seemed to him the result of his creative path. In the fall of 1843, Baratynsky went abroad and spent six months in Paris, meeting with writers and public figures in France. Spiritual renewal, cheerfulness and faith in the future were heard in Baratynsky’s works of that time and, in particular, in the poem “Piroskaf” (1844). But they were not destined to become the beginning of a new stage in his creative path. While in Naples, he fell ill and died suddenly on June 29, 1844. Baratynsky's body was transported to St. Petersburg and buried in the presence of several close friends.

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4. K. N. Batyushkov (1787-1855) Konstantin Nikolaevich Batyushkov was born on May 18 in Vologda. He came from an old noble family. From December 1802 to January 1807, Batyushkov served as an official in the newly organized Ministry of Public Education. At the beginning of 1807, Batyushkov radically changed his life by enlisting in the people's militia and setting off on the Prussian campaign. On May 29, 1807, in the battle of Heilsberg, he was seriously wounded (a bullet hit the spinal cord, which caused subsequent physical suffering). In the summer of 1809, Batyushkov wrote the satire “Vision on the Shores of Lethe,” which marked the beginning of the mature stage of his work. In 1809-1810, Batyushkov became close to N. M. Karamzin and a circle of future “Arzamas residents” - V. A. Zhukovsky, P. A. Vyazemsky, V. L. Pushkin, D. V. Dashkov, D. N. Bludov, A. I. Turgenev, D. P. Severin and others, began to actively collaborate in the journal “Bulletin of Europe”. In April 1812, Batyushkov became an assistant curator of manuscripts at the St. Petersburg Public Library. In 1817, Batyushkov completed a series of translations “From the Greek Anthology”. In 1818, Batyushkov received an appointment to the Russian diplomatic mission in Naples. At the end of 1821, Batyushkov began to develop symptoms of hereditary mental illness. In 1822 he travels to Crimea, where the disease worsens. After several suicide attempts, he was placed in a psychiatric hospital in the German city of Sonnestein, from where he was discharged due to complete incurability (1828). In 1828-1833 he lives in Moscow, then until his death in Vologda under the supervision of his nephew G. A. Grevens.

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5. N. M. Yazykov (1803-1847) Nikolai Mikhailovich Yazykov was born on March 4, 1803 into a wealthy landowner family. Yazykov met A.F. Voeikov, through him Zhukov, during visits to St. Petersburg - with Delvig, K.F. Ryleev, and in 1826 with A.S. Pushkin. Yazykov’s poetic talent is exclusively lyrical. Although he wrote poems (“Sergeant Surmin”, 1829; “Linden Trees”, 1846;), fairy tales (“The Tale of the Shepherd and the Wild Boar”, 1835), dramatic works (“The Firebird. A Dramatic Tale”, 1836-1838; “New Year's Eve”, 1840; “Strange Case”, 1841), but did not achieve noticeable success in them. In the summer of 1826, an important event occurred in Yazykov’s life: at the invitation of A.S. Pushkin, he came to Mikhailovskoye and received an exceptionally warm welcome. In 1829, having become seriously ill, Yazykov left Dorpat and moved to Moscow, where he entered the circle of the Elagins - the Kireevskys, Aksakovs, Pogodin, Baratynsky, Karolina Pavlova. In 1831, Yazykov entered service in the Land Survey Office, but retired in 1833. At the same time, in 1833, Yazykov’s first collection of poems was published, which suffered greatly from censorship. Shortly before Yazykov's death, two of his poetry collections were published - “56 poems by N. Yazykov” (1844) and “New Poems” (1845). They summed up his creative activity.

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6. D. V. Davydov (1784-1839) Denis Vasilyevich Davydov was born on July 16, 1784. In 1801 he entered the Cavalry Regiment in St. Petersburg. In 1806-1812, adjutant of General P.I. Bagration; Denis Vasilyevich Davydov was the realest, most famous partisan of the Patriotic War. He commanded a cavalry regiment and a brigade during the foreign campaigns of 1813-1815. Having resigned in 1823, he returned to the army in August 1826: the Russian-Persian campaign began. Leaving his pregnant wife and ruined estate, he rushed to the Caucasus. He did not serve long in the Caucasus. In the 1820s, Davydov was close to the Decembrists (M. F. Frolov, F. I. Glinka, A. A. Bestuzhev, A. I. Yakubovich, V. L. Davydov), and also became close to A. S. Pushkin and P. A. Vyazemsky. In 1827-1830 he collaborated in M. P. Pogodin’s magazine “Moscow Bulletin”. In 1832, a collection of poems was published in Moscow. Denis Vasilyevich died unexpectedly - and in the midst of the battle. For the last two years, he has been fighting for the ashes of his beloved commander, Prince P. I. Bagration, to be transferred to the place of his death - to the Borodino field. Finally, he achieved this: the transfer of the ashes was scheduled for July 1839, and Davydov was supposed to command the procession... He did not live to see this: on April 22 at 7 o’clock in the morning he was overtaken by an apoplexy. He died almost instantly: as a fighter and as a poet. For six weeks his ashes rested in the crypt of a village church, then they were transported to Moscow and interred at the Novodevichy cemetery. This happened on the very day when the thunder of the Russian army greeted the tomb of Bagration on the Borodino hills...

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7. P. A. Vyazemsky (1792-1878) Pyotr Andreevich Vyazemsky was born on July 12, 1792 in Moscow. In 1805-1807 he studied in St. Petersburg at the Jesuit boarding school and at the boarding school at the pedagogical boarding school; completed his education in Moscow. In 1807 he served in the Moscow boundary office. In 1812, Pyotr Andreevich joined the militia and took part in the Battle of Borodino. In 1818 he served in Warsaw in the office of N. N. Novosiltsev. In the poetry of the 1810-1820s, the genres of friendly messages and meditative elegy were cultivated (“First Snow”, “Despondency”, both 1819). In the 1830s, Vyazemsky returned to public service, to which he was admitted, due to his old liberal reputation, not without obstacles. In March 1830 he moved to St. Petersburg, in August he was appointed a member of the general presence of the Department of Foreign Trade and was sent to Moscow as a member of the Commission for organizing an exhibition of Russian products. In 1830 - 1846 he served in St. Petersburg in the Ministry of Finance as an official in the foreign trade department, then as its vice director; in 1846 - 1853 - director of the State Loan Bank. Since 1855 - Privy Councilor, Comrade (Deputy) Minister of Public Education (he held the post for about three years, in charge of press affairs), senator; in 1856 - 1858 he headed the Main Directorate of Censorship; since 1866 - member of the State Council. Since 1839 - full member of the Russian Academy, since 1841 - academician of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences. After the French Revolution of 1848, Vyazemsky's views changed. The reason was the decline of the noble revolutionism and the entry into the public arena of common democrats, with whom he could no longer find a common language. In 1858, Vyazemsky retired and since then lived more abroad. Vyazemsky died on November 22 (old style - November 10), 1878, in Baden-Baden. He was buried in St. Petersburg in the Necropolis of Masters of Arts.

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8. Conclusion. Studying the literature on the topic, we can say the following: at the beginning of the 19th century, both classicists and sentimentalists continued to create in Russian poetry, and the most diverse phenomena coexisted on equal terms. By the end of the 10s and the beginning of the 20s of the last century, Russian romanticism was taking shape on the wave of national-patriotic upsurge caused by the Patriotic War of 1812. Many Russian romantic poets were participants in the Patriotic War; they understood the soul of the people, their high morality, patriotism, selflessness and valor. All this was reflected in the poetry of Pushkin’s time. Pushkin's fate is inseparable from his time, from the fate of his generation. The more we know about the people among whom the poet lived and worked, the deeper and more diverse his creations and personality are revealed to us. 9. Glossary of terms. Russian literature - poetry since the beginning of the 18th century. Pushkin era - the first third of the 19th century. Visual and expressive means: a) metaphor; b) epithet; For comparison; d) personification; d) hyperbole. Lyrics are a type of literature in which the subjective principle is the main one. Lyrics express the complex spiritual life of a person (his interests - personal and public, his moods, experiences, feelings).

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10.Literature: Library of World Literature. Russian poets of the 18th-19th centuries. Authors: V.I. Korovin, V.A. Saitanov., 1985. “Great Russian Encyclopedia.” (Moscow. Scientific publishing house, 2006). "Big Encyclopedia of Cyril and Methodius", 2007. Selected lyrics. K. N. Batyushkov, 1973 Literature at school, 1996 Russian writers (A-L) and (M-Y). Bibliographic dictionary. Author: P. A. Nikolaev, 1990. Poems and poems. E. A. Baratynsky, 1974 School library. Moscow. Hood. Literature. /A. Mickiewicz/. Internet Explorer.

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Presentation on the topic: Poets of Pushkin's era

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The first third of the 19th century is the heyday of Russian poetry. It was she, and not prose (this would happen later), that determined the development of Russian literature. Together with A.S. Pushkin was created by his contemporaries - the poets of Pushkin's time. But before talking about them, it is necessary to understand the very concept of “Pushkin’s time”. If the boundaries are defined formally, then all the poets who wrote during the life of A.S. Pushkin, 1799-1837, are included in this circle. But logic dictates that the period should be limited to the time when Pushkin’s poetry became known to readers. Pushkin's literary debut took place in 1814. Until the last days of the poet’s life, poems were an integral part of his work. Thus, the boundaries of the poetry of Pushkin’s time are determined by the years 1814-1837. Senior contemporaries - V.A. Zhukovsky, K.N. Batyushkov, P.A. Katenin, D.V. Davydov, who formed as poets in an earlier era, influenced the young Pushkin. Peers and the younger generation of contemporaries, on the contrary, assimilated Pushkin’s poetic experience, developing it in their work. An integral part of the concept of “Pushkin’s time” is the “Pushkin galaxy” - a circle that includes poets who personally knew A.S. Pushkin and were close to him in artistic views. Here communication took place on a creative and personal-friendly level. The poets of the “Pushkin galaxy” include D.V. Davydov, A.A. Delvig, E.A. Baratynsky, P.A. Vyazemsky.

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In 1859, the wonderful Russian critic Apollo Grigoriev uttered a phrase that later became popular: “Pushkin is our everything...”. But in posing and solving the most important problems in the literature of the early 19th century, Pushkin was not alone. Along with him and around him, a whole galaxy of wonderful writers acted: here are older poets, from whom Pushkin absorbed and learned a lot, here are his peers, and still quite young men, like Dmitry Venevitinov. Before we get to know the poets of Pushkin’s circle, let’s first find out what kind of time this is – the era of Pushkin’s time, let’s listen to historical information. “The time when A.S. Pushkin lived and worked was a difficult time. This was a time of gigantic social upheaval, when the feudal-medieval world collapsed and on its ruins the capitalist system arose and established itself. This is a time of still stable serfdom, this is the time of the Patriotic War of 1812. Napoleon. Kutuzov. Moscow is burning. This is the time of the birth of secret political societies, the time of the defeat of the December uprising of 1825, this is the time of the terrible reaction of Nicholas Russia.”

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And at the same time, the first third of the 19th century was a bright period of the heyday of Russian poetry. This era gave Russian literature a whole fireworks of names. The classicists are still writing their strict, sublime odes, sentimentalism has reached its peak, young romantics are entering the literary scene, and the first fruits of realism are appearing. It was at this time that literary salons emerged. The most popular was the salon of Zinaida Volkonskaya, where all the “color of Moscow literature” gathered

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Evgeniy Abramovich Boratynsky Love and Friendship Album Love and friendship are distinguished, But how do they want to distinguish? They equally want to buy them, but they only tell us to hide one. An empty thought! The deception is in vain! Friendship can be tender, passionate, Constricts the heart, moves the blood, And although it conceals its own dangerous fire, But with a beautiful girl it Always looks like love.

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Evgeny Abramovich Baratynsky (1800 - 1844) - Russian poet. Born on February 19 (March 2 according to the present day) in the village of Mara, Tambov province, into a poor noble family. He came from an ancient Polish family, from the beginning of the 17th century. settled in Russia. Baratynsky's father was a secular lieutenant general of Paul I, his mother was a maid of honor to Empress Maria Feodorovna. In 1810, Baratynsky’s father died, and his mother took over his upbringing. From the German boarding school, Baratynsky moved in 1812 to the St. Petersburg Corps of Pages, from which in 1816 he was expelled for not entirely harmless boyish pranks (theft) without the right to enter any service other than soldiering. This incident greatly affected the young man; he admitted later that at that time “he was ready to take his own life a hundred times.” Undoubtedly, the shame experienced by the poet influenced the development of his pessimistic worldview. In 1819 he was enlisted as a private in the St. Petersburg Life Guards Jaeger Regiment. At this time, he met Delvig, who not only morally supported him, but also appreciated his poetic talent. At the same time he struck up friendly relations with Pushkin and Kuchelbecker. Thanks to Delvig, Baratynsky’s first works appeared in print: messages “To Krenitsin”, “Delvig”, “To Kuchelbecker”, elegies, madrigals, epigrams. In 1820, the poem “Feasts” was published, which brought great success to the author. In 1820-1826 Baratynsky served in Finland and wrote a lot. An elegy occupies a prominent place in his work of this time: “Finland”, “Disbelief” (“Do not tempt me unnecessarily...”), set to music by M. Glinka, “Waterfall”, “Two Shares”, “Truth”, “ Recognition" and others. Attempts by friends to achieve an officer rank for Baratynsky were for a long time met with the refusal of the emperor.

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The reason was the independent nature of creativity and oppositional statements of the poet. He was not a Decembrist, but he was also captivated by ideas that were embodied in the activities of secret societies. His political opposition manifested itself in the elegy “The Tempest” (1825), in the epigram on Arakcheev, and later in “Stanzas” (1828). In April 1825, Baratynsky was finally promoted to officer, which gave him the opportunity to control his destiny. He retired, married and settled in Moscow, where in 1827 a collection of his poems was published - the result of the first half of his work. After the defeat of the Decembrist uprising, social life in Russia changed dramatically, which left its mark on Baratynsky’s poetry. His philosophical beginnings have now come to the fore, the themes of great sorrow, loneliness, the glorification of death as the “resolution of all chains” (“The Last Death”, “Death”, “Bastard”, “What are you for, days”, “Why should a slave dreams of freedom?.."). In 1832, the magazine "European" began to be published, and Baratynsky became one of its most active authors. After the magazine closed (only two issues were published), he fell into hopeless melancholy. In 1835, the second edition of his works was published, which then seemed to be the result of his creative path. But Baratynsky’s last book was the collection “Twilight” (1842), which combined poems from the second half of the 1830s - early 1840s. In 1843 the poet went abroad. He spent six months in Paris, meeting with writers and public figures in France. In Baratynsky's poems of that time ("Piroskaf", 1844) cheerfulness and faith in the future appeared. Death prevented the beginning of a new stage in the poet's work. In Naples, he fell ill and died suddenly on June 29 (July 11, n.s.) 1844. Baratynsky’s body was transported to St. Petersburg and buried.

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Evgeniy Abramovich Boratynsky Kiss This kiss, bestowed by you, haunts my imagination: And in the noise of the day, and in the silence of the night, I feel its imprint! Will sleep come and my eyes will close, - I dream of you, I dream of pleasure! The deception is gone, there is no happiness! and with me One love, one exhaustion.

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Vasily Zhukovsky was born on January 29 (February 9), 1783 in the village of Mishenskoye, Tula province. He was the illegitimate son of landowner A.I. Bunina. He received a new surname after being adopted by his godfather - the poor Belarusian nobleman Andrei Grigorievich Zhukovsky. Education and creativity The first education in Zhukovsky’s biography was received in the Bunin family. Then he studied at a private boarding school, the Tula Public School, with his sister V. Yushkova. Zhukovsky's first poems were written while studying at a boarding school at the University of Moscow. Zhukovsky’s work of those times is filled with sentimentalism and romanticism (ballads “Lyudmila” (1808), “Cassandra” (1809)). From 1805-1806, the writer worked at the Vestnik Evropy, and in 1808-1809 he was its editor. At this time, Zhukovsky's poetry blossoms and reaches its peak. After the outbreak of the War of 1812, Zhukovsky took the side of the opposition. Military events are reflected in his works “To Emperor Alexander”, “Singer in the Camp of Russian Warriors”. The latter brought fame to the writer. In 1815, Zhukovsky was a member of the Arzamas literary society. At the same time, he began his court service, which lasted 25 years. The decade from 1810 to 1820 is considered the heyday of the work of Vasily Andreevich Zhukovsky. His most famous works were written in those days: the ballads “Aeolian Harp”, “The Twelve Sleeping Virgins”, many poems, translations. Zhukovsky died on April 12 (April 24), 1852 in Baden-Baden. The writer's body was transported to Russia and buried in St. Petersburg.

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Forest king Who gallops, who rushes under the cold darkness? The rider is late, his young son is with him. The little one came close to his father, shuddering; The old man hugs him and warms him. “Child, why are you clinging to me so timidly?” “Dear, the king of the forest sparkled in my eyes: He is wearing a dark crown, with a thick beard.” "Oh no, the fog is white over the water." “Child, look around, baby, towards me; There is a lot of fun in my direction: Turquoise flowers, pearly streams; My palaces are made of gold.” “Dear, the king of the forest speaks to me: He promises gold, pearls and joy.” “Oh no, my baby, you misheard: The wind, waking up, shook the leaves.” “Come to me, my baby: in my oak grove You will recognize my beautiful daughters: During the month they will play and fly, Playing and flying, they will put you to sleep.” “Dear, the king of the forest has called his daughters together: I see they are nodding to me from the dark branches.” “Oh no, everything is calm in the depths of the night: The gray willows stand to the side.” “Child, I was captivated by your beauty: Willingly or willingly, you will be mine.” “Dear, the king of the forest wants to catch up with us; Here he is: I’m stuffy, it’s hard for me to breathe.” The timid rider does not gallop, he flies; The baby yearns, the baby cries; The rider urged on, the rider galloped... In his hands lay a dead baby.

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A.A. Delvig House (Anton Delvig) Beyond the foggy distance, Behind the wild mountain Standing above the river My house is simple; For the prissy nobility It is locked with a key, But I gave away the fire in it to fun, to dreams and idleness. They take care of My humble shelter, Freedom is given to them - In the bushes of the vegetable garden, On the grass of meadows And ancient oaks In the silent shadow, Where, in a playful stream, Sparkling, the border stream runs, Runs and gurgles, - With the usual care Flutter and fly And with a sweet song Into my secretly call the house to friends.

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General information about A.A. Delvig Delvig Anton Antonovich, baron. Born in 1798 in Moscow. One of Pushkin's closest friends from his lyceum days. Poet. He graduated from the Lyceum with the rank of collegiate secretary and was assigned first to the department of mining and salt affairs, then to the Ministry of Finance. From 1821 he served as an assistant librarian at the Public Library. Delvig and Pushkin were brought together by a common love of poetry: “I talked with him about everything that excites the soul, that torments the heart,” Pushkin later recalled. Delvig was the first of the Lyceum poets to publish in magazines. Pushkin took an active part in these publications of Delviga. Back in 1815, during his studies, Delvig published the poem “To Pushkin” - the first enthusiastic review of the young poet in Russian literature, confidently predicting his immortality.

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P.A. Vyazemsky Born on July 12 (23 NS) in Moscow into a wealthy noble family. The family of princes Vyazemsky originated from the legendary Rurik, from the descendants of Monomakh. He received an excellent education at home, and from 1805 he studied at the St. Petersburg Jesuit boarding school at the Pedagogical Institute. In 1806 he returned to Moscow and took private lessons from professors at Moscow University. From 1807, left an orphan, he was in the care of his relative, writer and historian N. Karamzin (married to Vyazemsky’s older sister), whose house was the center of cultural life, where historians, philosophers, writers, including future Decembrists, gathered. Enlisted in the Boundary Office, Vyazemsky devoted more time to literary hobbies and social life. He prefers small poetic genres - he writes elegies, messages, and poems in an album. At the same time, he writes epigrams and fables.

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P.A. Vyazemsky I drink to the health of not many, Not many, but true friends, Unwaveringly strict friends In the temptations of changing days. I drink to the health of distant, distant but dear friends, friends, like me, lonely among people alien to their hearts. Tears flow into my cup of wine, But their flow is sweet and pure; So, with scarlet and black roses weaved into my table wreath. My cup is for the health of not many, Not many, but true friends, Unwaveringly strict friends In the temptations of changing days; For the health of our distant neighbors, Distant but dear to our hearts, And in memory of our lonely friends, Who died in dumb graves.

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Information resources: all-biography.ru›alpha/z/zhukovskij-vasilij kostyor.ru›Biographies›Vyazemsky bobych.ru›Biographies›delvig2.html litra.ru›Best biographies›… slovo..wikipedia.org›Poets of Pushkin’s era