What plaster is better to plaster the inside of a gas block. Methods for plastering aerated concrete walls indoors

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In Russia it is becoming increasingly popular suburban construction. For this, blocks made of aerated concrete are used. Many Russians are attracted by their low price and good construction characteristics. Externally, aerated concrete blocks resemble porous rock, but have clear shapes with a smooth surface.

They are characterized by poor moisture resistance. To get rid of this serious drawback, aerated concrete walls are covered with a layer of plaster.

Those who have decided to buy a house from this material should know that in order to create a normal microclimate, you need to correctly select the components of the plaster and the thickness of its layer applied to the walls.

Aerated concrete blocks

These blocks are best suited for low-rise construction. Walls built from them have a number of significant advantages, for example, low specific gravity, which provides more high speed construction and reduces the labor intensity of work.

Thanks to the porous structure of aerated concrete blocks, the microclimate in the building can be compared to the atmosphere wooden house. This is another property that makes aerated concrete popular. The material has excellent sound insulation.

It is believed that aerated concrete walls breathe. They allow oxygen into the house, releasing water vapor and gases formed by natural processes of human activity.

Like any other material, aerated concrete blocks have some disadvantages. The main one is the low bending strength of the material, so when building a house you need to take these features into account. The foundation of the house must be monolithic, so the masonry must be reinforced with reinforcement through an equal number of rows. These works make it stronger and more reliable.

Sequence of finishing work

It should be noted that they have very high vapor permeability. This is how they differ markedly from brick and foam concrete. Plastering walls made of aerated concrete should be carried out taking into account individual characteristics material.

Aerated concrete was initially used as insulation, and only after some time they began to build outbuildings and residential buildings. If there are enough blocks, then additional insulation no need. As for finishing, first of all the internal walls of the house are finished, and then the facade.

Many developers do the opposite. Taking advantage of the good weather, they work on the facade of the house, and then begin to decorate its interior. Plastering walls made of aerated concrete, performed in this order, is the most common and rather serious mistake, which can lead to peeling of the finish from the aerated concrete and the formation of numerous cracks.

Interior finishing work

Moisture is the enemy of any structure. Aerated concrete walls are no exception. Water falling on them penetrates the porous structure of aerated concrete. Through the walls it does not get inside the building and cannot damage the interior decoration, but it reduces the protective characteristics of the house. Water evaporates from the pores of the material very slowly, and if the weather is rainy, then this process simply stops. Moisture accumulated inside aerated concrete walls significantly limits its natural ventilation and thermal insulation parameters. Plastering aerated concrete walls on both sides will help avoid inconvenience. Except protective function, it will also perform decorative work.

There are several methods for finishing aerated concrete walls. The most common and accessible is plastering, which belongs to the technology of finishing vapor-proof materials.

Plaster interior walls not much different from ordinary finishing work. Before they begin, the wall must be well prepared. It is cleaned, leveled, and then a layer of primer is applied, which must dry completely. Only after this can you begin finishing work.

There is also mechanized plastering of walls. When finishing using this method, the mixture lays down in a dense and uniform layer, but it is quite expensive and many Russians cannot afford it.

Mixtures for finishing works

Manufacturers produce a variety of them. Their choice depends on the purpose of the room. To decorate a small living room, use a standard mixture. After finishing work, walls in rooms with a high percentage of moisture are coated with a special primer that perfectly resists the influence of water.

Beginning home craftsmen need to know that plaster applied to an aerated concrete surface must meet certain requirements. The finishing of aerated concrete walls is influenced by some features of the material itself. The blocks are strong, smooth and fit perfectly together at the joints, which makes it difficult to fix the mortar on the wall surface.

One of the main ones is vapor permeability. Simply put, the material must absorb and release excess or missing moisture.

If the mixture is incorrectly selected, the following defects may occur:

The appearance of cracks on the internal and external surfaces of the building.
When the surface of the wall gets wet, a silhouette of the masonry may appear on it, which will disappear after drying.
Increased humidity in the rooms of the house, the appearance of an unpleasant odor.

The most popular plaster is gypsum based. It is easily diluted and after application and drying it forms a smooth matte surface. The disadvantages include poor vapor permeability. Because of this, when precipitation occurs, the surface of the walls quickly gets wet, which takes a long time to dry. Sometimes they may appear yellow spots, traces of which can only be painted over.

The most expensive and most effective is acrylic facade plaster. It is used only in conjunction with fiberglass mesh. It has good adhesion, vapor permeability and excellent appearance. The disadvantages include the fact that only an experienced craftsman can work with this mixture. Only he can create a perfectly smooth building facade.

How much does it cost to plaster walls? The price depends on the cost of the mixtures and ranges from 236 to 550 rubles per 1 m². The manufacturer and container volume play an important role.

The plaster must first be applied to the wall and only after an hour must the leveling begin. Next, the mixture should dry for 24 hours. The second layer, which makes the wall perfectly flat, is applied to the already dry surface slightly moistened with water. After complete drying, the wall can be painted with special paint for aerated concrete blocks. Remember that plastering interior walls is a responsible job that requires full concentration and patience. Only then will you get the expected final result.

Developers need to remember that they should not skimp on construction and finishing materials. Even very high-quality plaster will not save cheap aerated concrete blocks made in a handicraft way - it simply will not be able to adhere to them.

Facade finishing

The surface must be plastered immediately after the construction of aerated concrete walls in order to protect the walls from all external factors. Otherwise, cracks will form under the influence of temperature changes and precipitation.

Cement plaster walls will not work in this case. Externally, aerated concrete walls are finished in the following sequence:

The facade is cleaned of dirt and dust.
A special primer for cellular concrete is applied.
A reinforced mesh made of fiberglass is attached.
Porous plaster is applied to the walls.

The reinforcing mesh is attached using self-tapping screws. When choosing it, you must remember that the mesh must be sufficiently resistant to alkaline environments. If this is not observed, then during finishing work the mesh may dissolve under the layer of plaster.

A mesh made of galvanized steel must be covered with a protective layer, because over time it collapses due to corrosion.

Plastering the walls with gypsum plaster on the outside of the building should protect it from the harmful effects of moisture, so the mixture must have water-repellent properties.

The material used to construct the walls is gas permeable, so the plaster used must also comply with this parameter. And given the harsh climate in most regions of Russia, it must be frost-resistant and have good compressive strength. To do this, manufacturers add facade plaster, which looks like a dry mixture, contains protective synthetic components.

Preparatory work

Plastering walls with gypsum plaster is carried out after certain preparatory work:

Before plastering, walls are cleaned of dirt and dust.
Existing defects are filled with special glue.
Installed plastic corners on corners and slopes.
Beacons are installed to monitor the evenness of the wall finishing.
The wall is wetted with water.

Facade and interior plastering of aerated concrete walls must be carried out at a temperature not lower than +10 °C.

Preparation of the solution

The plaster solution is quite simple to make. A certain amount of water is added to the finished mixture. For optimal consistency, you will need 0.2 liters of water per 1 kg of mixture.

The solution is thoroughly mixed. You can do this manually or use an electric drill with a special attachment. After 15 minutes, the prepared solution must be mixed again. If the consistency is not satisfactory, you can add more water or mixture. The prepared solution should be used within an hour, otherwise it will lose all its properties.

Finishing work

The mixture is applied to aerated concrete walls using a trowel or a straight thin board small size. Small areas walls can be leveled with a 30 cm steel trowel. High-quality, control leveling of the plaster is carried out using a ruler 80 cm long. Excess plaster removed from the wall surface can be reused.

If the expected layer of plaster exceeds 7 mm, then the work on finishing the wall is carried out in two stages.

According to this scenario, work is carried out to apply plaster to aerated concrete walls. The work should not pose unsolvable questions to the home craftsman. The most important thing is to take into account the recommendations experienced craftsmen and follow their instructions, then the developer will be able to protect his home from adverse consequences. Pay attention to the picture on the left - this is plaster walls. The photo shows one of the moments of the work.

Problems caused by improper finishing

If during the work the rules were violated or the mixture was incorrectly selected, after some time various defects will appear on the surface of the wall.

They may appear as small cracks on the finished surface or swelling. Vertical cracks may appear on the facade and peeling of the plaster may begin.

Defects must be corrected immediately. This will increase the final cost of plastering the walls and once again proves that it is necessary to use high-quality building and finishing materials from the very beginning.

Mechanical plastering of walls

Mechanized wall plastering is the process of making and applying a mixture using special equipment. These machines make heavy physical work much easier. With their advent, there was no longer a need to perform Finishing work manually.

The machines not only made the work of plasterers easier, but also raised the quality of the work performed to a new level. Even an experienced master cannot always prepare a solution of a mixture of uniform consistency and then distribute it over the entire surface. The work takes place in stages: the solution is mixed, placed on the wall, and leveled. As a result, part of the wall has already dried, another has begun to dry out, and the third is still being applied with plaster. This does not guarantee the end high quality finishing.

When mechanizing the work, the plaster is applied evenly and quickly. The time spent on work is noticeably reduced. The machine applies the prepared mixture faster, which allows you to use the rules bigger size. A wall made of aerated concrete is more even.

Mechanized plastering of walls allows you to reduce work time and save the amount of mixture.

Advantage mechanized plaster walls and facades:

Reducing the time required for plastering work.
Saving on material costs.
Material loss is reduced by 5 times.
High quality.
The service life is increased.

Mechanical plastering of walls, the price of which depends on the volume of work, ranges from 300 to 580 rubles per 1 m². It guarantees a high quality finish. It all depends on the developer and his financial capabilities.

Bottom line

Aerated concrete Vacation home You can plaster it yourself. You should correctly use the advice of experienced craftsmen, choose the right mixture, perform all finishing work, adhering to the sequence described in this article. The end result will be a beautifully plastered house.

Developers often have a question about how to plaster aerated concrete on the outside. Before starting work, it is recommended to decide on important characteristics and, based on this, choose the optimal finishing option.

Aerated concrete plaster must meet the basic requirements - the mixture adheres tightly to the surface and has good adhesion. The finishing layer is durable, frost-resistant and has the required level of vapor permeability and water repellency.

When to do plastering work

External plastering is recommended after completion of finishing work in the building. It is generally accepted that if the surface of aerated concrete blocks is not protected from the street, it will absorb moisture. This is not true; primed walls can stand without a protective layer for a whole winter; when the climate changes in the spring, the moisture from the surface will evaporate. In the opposite case, when the house is treated from the facade, evaporation vapor will be directed into the room, which will lead to the appearance of dampness.

Note! An exception is the option of building a house on the seashore or pond. When it is necessary to protect external walls from the influence of humid climates and winds.

Before plastering, the walls made of aerated blocks must dry thoroughly. If during the construction process a cement mortar was used, which has the ability to absorb moisture. For this reason, exterior decoration will not be effective during the rainy season. But it is especially dangerous for walls cold water, which then turns into ice. During the melting process, the structure of aerated concrete begins to collapse.

Facade insulation

If the building is properly insulated, you can heat the room faster and save money on heating costs. It is recommended to insulate the outside with mineral wool, polystyrene foam, polystyrene foam or other options. For example, the insulation and plaster of the facade of a house can be replaced by building an additional brick wall or treat with liquid polyurethane foam.

Types of plasters

There are several types of plaster that are suitable for treating aerated concrete walls. There are certain requirements for mixture compositions for outdoor work.

The material must be permeable and its coefficient must be higher than that of the surface being treated - aerated concrete or sealant.
The plaster must be resistant to frost and temperature changes.
To prevent cracks, the applied layer must be elastic.
The plaster must have strong adhesion properties to aerated concrete.

Mineral

How to plaster aerated concrete walls? Professionals and private builders recommend using mineral-based plaster compositions. They are among the thin-layer compositions specially created for finishing aerated concrete. Such solutions are made with your own hands; they are affordable, have good vapor permeability and are light in weight.

IN ready-made compositions includes the following components:

lime;
white cement;
marble chips and other fillers.

The color palette of such plaster mixtures is limited. They can be easily painted; the only caveat is the use of vapor-permeable coloring compounds. Painting can protect the coating from moisture, because a damp environment can destroy mineral plasters.

Silicate

This type of building plaster is based on potassium liquid glass, which is a binding component.

Advantages of silicate mixture:

Easy to apply;
Resistance to moisture;
Vapor permeability;
If necessary, it can be painted in any color;
Acceptable price;
Long service life (up to 25 years);
Decorative qualities.

Silicone

It is better to plaster aerated concrete blocks with façade silicone plaster. It has high technical and performance characteristics, superior to other plaster mixtures.

The advantages of silicone plasters include:

properties to repel water;
the building material is easy to apply with your own hands, without the involvement of specialists;
plaster has a high degree of resistance to atmospheric phenomena and vapor permeability;
Long service life;
Fillers have different textures;
The material is elastic.

Acrylic

The material has high decorative qualities and durability. The big disadvantage of acrylic plaster for processing aerated concrete and other cellular textures is low level vapor permeability. For this reason, condensation forms in the inner layer of the plastered surface. As a result, such exposure causes surface deformation - peeling and cracking.

Cement-sand

Cement plaster is not suitable for treating external aerated concrete surfaces. For what reasons is this popular? construction material not suitable:

The solution does not adhere to the smooth surface of aerated concrete due to insufficient adhesion properties. The mixture has high density and high weight;
When applying cement mortar to the surface, aerated concrete absorbs moisture and the adhesion of the materials weakens. As a result of such rapid drying, the integrity of the layer is destroyed;
Low vapor permeability cement mixtures- inconsistency building regulations, and violation of optimal microclimatic parameters in residential premises.

If cement plaster use for interior work, it will protect aerated concrete walls from steam penetration into them.

Important! Expanded polystyrene and polystyrene are not recommended for use on aerated concrete surfaces.

Plaster

The plaster base, which includes gypsum, has the following positive qualities:

dries quickly;
the solution does not shrink;
the mixture goes on smoothly;
no finishing coat required.

Disadvantages of plastering walls with gypsum:

average level of vapor permeability;
a larger amount of water is required compared to special mixtures, approximately 10-15 liters per 1 bag of 25 kg;
the surface will quickly get wet after rain and snow;
spots appear on the surface that need to be painted over.

Facade

The mixture is most effective for treating both external walls and indoors; the material is easy to apply with your own hands. Plaster has a number of positive qualities– good adhesion to the base, attractive appearance. Including the material has vapor permeability indicators identical to those of aerated blocks. When choosing plaster for building aerated concrete, it is better to choose a high-quality special mixture, this will simplify the process of finishing the house.

If you have to choose plaster or drywall, which is better for aerated concrete inside the house. The following facts should be taken into account: walls made of aerated blocks are smooth, and they do not require leveling. Accordingly, plaster will cost less, and the solution will form an even and beautiful layer.

Self finishing

We plaster the aerated concrete on the outside with plaster intended for exterior use. There are two options for applying the mixture - a thick layer or several thin layers, which are applied in no more than 3 layers and no more than 1 cm each.

Work order:

the surface is prepared for plastering - contamination is removed;
Next, you should hang the surface with your own hands using beacons;
spray is applied - the first layer of plaster coating;
the primer is applied and leveled;
cutting corners;
finishing of slopes;
a covering layer is applied;
the surface is rubbed.

External work technology

If necessary, insulation is installed for the blocks under the plaster.
Preparing walls - leveling the surface to reduce material consumption and application thickness.
Before you start plastering the walls, aerated concrete must be treated with a primer. For this purpose, compositions designed for the fine-cell structure of materials are used.
Applying a thin layer plaster mixture for aerated concrete surfaces – up to 5 mm. This base will serve to attach the mesh.

It should immediately be noted that plastering aerated concrete blocks from the outside adhesive solutions unacceptable. Because glue won't do the job. In order to protect and level surfaces, it is recommended to use specially designed mixtures that meet all operational requirements.

When plastering aerated concrete facade work is carried out, it is recommended to follow some rules, which are described below.

after the building is erected, a certain period of time must be maintained so that the internal moisture evaporates naturally;
the brand of plaster must be suitable for outdoor use;
subsequence repair work– first inside the house, then outside;
the temperature regime must correspond to +8 to +30 C0 - for exterior finishing;
Building regulations that must be observed in relation to increasing thermal conductivity coefficients. Each material installed or applied to the gas block should be taken into account.

Reinforcement

To the question whether it is necessary to reinforce the plaster, and whether a mesh is needed. The answer is simple, since the plaster layer of aerated concrete can vary from 5 to 15 mm. If the layer exceeds 10 mm, a metal mesh with a fine cell texture is used as a reinforcing layer. For example, a mesh with a wire diameter of 0.1 mm and a cell size of 0.16 x 0.16 mm, or fiberglass mesh with cells of 5x5 cm, is suitable.

The mesh must be installed with an overlap of 5 cm; for the corners of the house, perforated corners with mesh are used. This method will help prevent the formation of cracks in the plaster after the building shrinks. It is better to install the mesh into the applied solution using a spatula. Especially important point is the installation of the mesh in place with increased level voltage – area of windows and doors.

Advice! If you attach the mesh to a dry surface, the result will be zero. Because the mesh needs to be fixed to the wall using self-tapping screws, and then a layer of mortar must be applied. Otherwise, the unfixed mesh will move along with the putty.

Work order:

Level the plaster layer over the mesh using vapor-permeable plaster.
It is necessary to wait until the first layer is completely dry. Otherwise, it will fall off under the weight of the next layer. This technique involves thin-layer application of the mixture. You will have to wait three to four days for complete drying. Accordingly, the thicker the layer, the longer it takes to dry. Checking whether the surface is dry is done using water. Having splashed the liquid onto the surface, it was quickly absorbed - this means that it is time to begin further work.
A second layer of plaster is applied, which is considered leveling. Therefore, the layer should be even and smooth;
A third finishing coat of plaster is applied and will require further grouting if necessary.
Painting the surface with materials for exterior work or applying putty.
Treatment with a water repellent. Experts recommend applying this solution 12 months after painting and completion of all facade cladding work. A water repellent gives any coating additional water-repellent properties.

Note! When the plaster layer dries, it must be protected from the influence of such undesirable factors environment like moisture, snow, rain.

Putty

When deciding whether to putty aerated concrete, it is recommended to learn about the types of building mixtures. There are 3 types of product varieties on the market that are intended for finishing. By and large, this is a facade plaster intended for thin-layer finishing of an already plastered surface, differing only in composition. Ready-made mixtures are sold in buckets and come in silicate, silicone and acrylic.

Important! When plastering the outside of a house, it is recommended to use only vapor-permeable building materials. This will provide not only a reliable finish, but will serve as a decoration for the building.

The approach to plastering the internal surfaces of aerated concrete walls is somewhat different from similar work on brick and concrete walls.

From this article you will learn what exactly should be taken into account when plastering aerated concrete, how to properly solve the issue of vapor barrier, and what mixture is best to use. The sequence of doing the work yourself will also be considered step by step, corresponding the right technology aerated concrete plaster and mortar proportion ratio.

There are two options: use materials for a vapor-permeable finish that will not interfere with the original properties of the aerated block, or use a vapor barrier finish that significantly reduces the vapor permeability coefficient of the material.

The first option is good because the vapor permeability of the walls of the house ensures that the microclimate in the building will constantly self-regulate, as a result of which life in it will be as comfortable as possible; you will not need to worry about dampness, the formation of fungi or mold on the inner surface of the walls.

By artificially reducing vapor permeability, you will lose all this, but you will get a more durable layer of facade plaster of the house.

The fact is that it is the steam escaping from the inside of the house through its walls that is the main cause of cracking of the external plaster coating in the cold season.

This happens due to the “dew point” - when steam, the temperature of which is lower than the air temperature, condenses on the surface of the wall under a layer of external plaster, freezes, and provokes peeling of the cladding.

The choice of the type of plaster mixture rests entirely on your shoulders. You must approach it as responsibly as possible, and be fully aware of what exactly you want to receive and what you are sacrificing in return.

Feedback from builders responsible for plastering walls made of aerated concrete indicates that most customers prefer the option of a vapor-permeable finish.

1.2 Which plaster is better to use?

As you can understand from what you read above, there are two types of plaster mixtures for finishing work on walls made of aerated concrete inside a building - vapor barrier and vapor permeable.

Vapor-permeable plaster mixtures include gypsum-based mixtures in proportion. The best option, which has the best price-quality ratio, is the plaster mixture “Pobedit Egida TM35”, which contains lime.

Aegis TM35 (lime) has all the properties that should be inherent quality mixture for aerated concrete – minimum weight, high adhesive properties, and strength of the hardened layer.

This mixture is based on gypsum (lime) and perlite sand, and also contains slaked lime, which guarantees the maintenance of optimal vapor barrier characteristics of the walls of the house.

If after the plaster layer no additional wall cladding is planned (painting the plaster layer is quite common design solution today), then you should give preference to the “Egida S50” mixture, which contains lime.

This material, although it has slightly lower vapor conductivity, due to the presence of a 2.5% concentration of polymer impurities in the composition, guarantees maximum strength and whiteness of the walls, since the mixture is based on lime and gypsum with a fraction size of 60 to 90 μN, which is 30-50 percent higher less than products in the same price category.

The category of vapor barrier plaster mixtures includes materials that include a large number of polymer impurities – this has become widely popular in Lately plastic plaster.

This also includes ordinary cement-sand plaster, the composition of which does not contain additives in form of lime, or dolomite flour. To ensure maximum vapor barrier (reducing steam transmission by 11-12 times), it is necessary to apply a composition of sand-cement plaster 2-2.5 centimeters thick. For large areas, a plastering station for sand-cement mortar can be used. Since plastering walls with cement-sand mortar in a room is not an easy task.

There are also more radical inexpensive ways reducing the vapor conductivity of aerated concrete walls, for example, placing a regular polyethylene film under a layer of plaster, however this method It is not recommended to use due to the fact that peeling of the finish from the walls may occur due to the formation of condensation on the surface of the film.

The most cost-effective option for vapor barrier plaster for interior walls aerated concrete house is the composition of an ordinary inexpensive gypsum mixture together with vapor barrier primers such as “Pobedit Grunt-Concentrate” and the like.

To achieve the desired effect, you will have to prime the aerated block walls 3-4 times, which will reduce the vapor permeability of plaster 10 millimeters thick by almost 5 times.

It is also worth considering the surface finishing of the room, for example, painted plaster oil paint, loses about 30% of the composition in vapor transfer; gluing wallpaper, especially fleece, also contributes to a similar effect.

2 Required tools and technology for performing work

The composition of the tools used to plaster the internal surfaces of aerated block walls is no different from the tools for similar work on other surfaces.

You will need a container in which to mix the plaster mixture- a plastic or metal bucket or tank, the main thing is that the size is suitable. For high-quality mixing, you need a drill with a mixing attachment, so it is quite difficult to bring the mixture to the desired consistency with your own hands - clots and lumps will form.

The proportions and composition of the dry mixture and water are indicated by the manufacturer on each package; do not neglect these recommendations, as they may vary for different plasters.

The plaster mixture is applied to the aerated concrete using a trowel or a special plaster ladle. Leveling and plastering is carried out using a fork and spatulas.

If you need to apply a thick layer of plaster, over 1 cm, to the wall, it is recommended to purchase plaster markers for plastering, which greatly simplify leveling and plastering with mortar. The surface can be rubbed using a plaster float or regular fine sandpaper.

If the walls are covered with a thick layer of plaster, then it is necessary to use a reinforcing mesh, which will strengthen the finishing layer and prevent it from cracking and peeling.

The mesh also improves the adhesion of the solution and the gas block, As a result, applying the mixture to the wall surface is much easier. It is best to use plaster fiberglass mesh with a mesh size of 5x5 mm.

Stages of work:

We prepare the surface - clean the walls from dust, glue residues, and any contaminants. Oil stains are degreased with alcohol or gasoline. If the stain cannot be treated, then it is necessary to hollow it out of the gas block and repair the resulting unevenness with plaster mortar.
The walls are covered with a layer of primer. The number of layers is determined by the technology and requirements for the vapor permeability of the walls; however, to apply the next layer, you must wait until the previous layer is completely dry.
If necessary, reinforcing mesh is mounted on the walls. The mesh should be installed tightly, without sagging - this is best done using dowels with wide heads.
A rough layer of plaster mixture is applied. The solution is evenly sprayed onto the wall using a trowel and leveled using the rule.
After the rough layer has set, it is covered with a primer and carefully leveled.
After the rough layer has completely hardened, the wall is plastered with a finishing mixture, leveling which is done using a spatula.

Two days after application finishing putty You can begin decorative finishing work.

2.1 Analysis of the features of plastering aerated concrete walls (video)

Plastering walls made of aerated concrete indoors is one of current issues during construction from aerated blocks. The fact is that the material needs to be plastered for a number of reasons, the main ones being the cleanliness and smoothness of the surface, since without additional measures the finishing layer will not hold well. To make it clearer, all these nuances should be understood in detail.

Aerated concrete blocks are characterized by ease of use: the material is warm and light. This facilitates their trouble-free cutting to obtain the required sizes. However, a completely logical question may arise: why is aerated concrete plaster needed? The fact is that the blocks have a smooth surface, which will not allow the finishing layer to be properly fixed. In this case, the choice of plaster mixtures for aerated concrete blocks should be approached with particular care. Plastering walls from the inside allows you to solve the following problems:

protects the surface from sudden temperature changes;
provides good level adhesion to other materials;
improves thermal insulation characteristics;
provides vapor permeability;
protects against dampness.

It is worth considering that aerated concrete, like foam concrete, has a cellular structure. Therefore, plastering must be carried out in compliance with technology. Otherwise, air circulation is disrupted, which leads to a deterioration in the properties of the material. Plastering aerated concrete walls outside the room is also necessary. External finishing protects against the effects of precipitation and the accumulation of harmful gases and dust.

When to plaster?

Due to its porous structure, the gas block easily absorbs moisture, so it must be immediately protected from such negative impact. If the building material gets wet, there is nothing critical about it. However, you should not allow the water in the block to freeze. As a result, cracks may simply appear, the strength will decrease, and there is no need to rush with the cladding. After finishing the masonry, the walls must dry. Therefore, aerated concrete walls must be plastered only when warm. If the blocks are not laid on a special adhesive mixture, which ensures a thin joint, the drying time increases.

There are situations when during the warm season it is not possible to carry out finishing work. In this case, the walls are covered with soil deep penetration which will reduce moisture absorption. In addition, it is recommended to cover the walls plastic film. If you follow the advice of the experts, it is best to finish walls made of aerated concrete during a period when the temperature at night does not fall below 0˚C. Depending on the region, such temperature indicators correspond to the time from late March to early October. From what has been described, we can conclude whether it is necessary to plaster aerated concrete walls.

Types of plaster mixtures

Before you figure out how to plaster walls made of aerated concrete, you need to decide on the materials that are suitable for these purposes. Construction mixtures can be purchased ready-made or mixed yourself immediately before application. To prepare quality solution, it is necessary to use a filler, which includes sand, gravel, sawdust or stone chips and a binder (slaked lime, clay, gypsum, cement). Water is added to these components. Cement-sand plaster and mixtures containing slaked lime, cement and sand are prepared using construction site. Today, clay is used quite rarely.

As for ready-made mixtures for plastering, they are supplied in bags in dry form. They include:

cement;
gypsum;
sand;
fillers.

Such mixtures are divided into cement and gypsum, which have their own properties and characteristics in application. Cement-based compositions have a longer drying period and are subject to cracking and settling. Plaster on aerated concrete is applied in a layer 5-10 mm thick.

Which mixture should you choose?

All mixtures listed above have different properties and when applied to a building material they act differently. But the question of which plaster is best for plastering aerated concrete walls remains open. First, let's look at what is used to protect external walls, which are constantly exposed to precipitation, wind and temperature. As a rule, these are solutions based on cement and sand. They have proven themselves to be excellent in constant contact with moisture. But the question is: can they be used for plastering aerated concrete? Due to the porous structure, the gas block quickly absorbs moisture, as a result of which the cement simply does not have time to gain the necessary strength.

To plaster aerated concrete walls cement mortar, you need to do it right, i.e. in compliance with technology. To prevent moisture from the building mixture from being absorbed into the block, the surface must be prepared. For these purposes, it is coated with several layers of deep penetration primer, and each layer must dry completely before applying the next one. Before applying the plaster, the surface of the wall is wetted. To avoid cracking, it is recommended to use mesh.

How to plaster aerated concrete inside a house? Gypsum solutions Unlike cement ones, they dry faster, and the surface is less susceptible to cracking. Mixtures based on gypsum are used for partitions and interior walls, since such compositions are unsuitable for external use due to the constant influence of moisture. Ready-made plaster mixtures contain various additives and fillers, due to which the surface is endowed with resistance to cracking and negative influences.

If you have a choice between a ready-made mixture and one prepared before use, then you should take into account that the properties of dry plaster are more predictable. During the production of such compositions, the moisture content of the sand, the quality of the cement, and the accuracy of all components are controlled. As for mixtures that are prepared on site, checking the quality of cement is quite problematic, if not completely impossible. The main disadvantage of dry plasters is their high cost.

Preparatory activities

To fully answer the question of how to properly plaster an aerated concrete surface, you should start with the tools that you will need for the job. In fact, the tools used are the same as for applying traditional plaster mixture. To prepare the solution, you will need a container, which can be a plastic bucket or tank. They should be sufficient in volume to mix all the components.

After pouring the dry mixture into the container, add water. To mix the solution, use a construction mixer or a drill with an attachment. To achieve the required consistency, determine the proportions of water and material according to the inscriptions on bags of dry plaster. To work you will need the following tools:

Master OK;
plaster ladle;
trowel.

Plastered aerated concrete is floated, and the excess solution is removed with a float. Beacons are used to level the surface, and the solution is tightened using a rule. A mandatory tool used to check defects on the surface of walls is a long strip from floor to ceiling. The maximum deviation should be no more than 7 mm.

Plastering the surface from the inside

After deciding how to plaster aerated concrete, they proceed directly to the work process. As with any other type of finish, you first need to prepare the surface. Gas blocks need to be cleaned of residues masonry mixture and seal the seams. As already noted, a primer is applied before plastering. Interior plaster walls made of aerated concrete consists of the following stages:

Fastening the reinforcing mesh. To increase the strength of the rough finish, you can use a chain-link mesh with a small mesh size. In addition, reinforcing material with alkali-resistant fiber is added to the mixture. The mesh is attached using nails 120 mm long, which are driven well into the aerated concrete wall.
If the reinforcement process is not intended, special grooves need to be made for better adhesion of the block surface to finishing materials. For these purposes, use any suitable tool, for example a hacksaw.
Applying plaster mixture to a reinforced base. In this case, they resort to applying the mixture by spraying, when the voids of aerated concrete are completely filled. The first layer of plaster is not leveled, which will provide better adhesion.

A primer must be applied over the rough layer of plaster. It is recommended to add slag sand to the priming solution. It is advisable to apply the finishing layer of plaster using building mixtures with fine sand in a composition that allows you to obtain a smoother surface. At the end of the process, the already dried solution is smoothed to make the surface as smooth as possible. As a rule, smoothing begins 24 hours after application. To make the surface smoother, the blocks are sprayed with water.

The final stage is painting work, which involves the use of paints. In this case, materials are selected from high degree vapor permeability. After the surface is painted, it is recommended to apply a water repellent, which will increase the durability and strength of the finishing layer. Lifetime interior decoration depends on many factors. One of the main ones is the quality of the materials used, i.e. You should be guided by cost. The characteristics of the aerated block are no less important, because on the surface Low quality even a good finishing mixture will not adhere well.

Plastering walls outside

The most inexpensive and common plaster for exterior work is cement-sand plaster. However, the mixture is not suitable for aerated concrete due to low vapor permeability. For these purposes, mineral, silicate or silicone facade plasters are used. They have a number of necessary characteristics: vapor permeability identical to aerated concrete, good adhesion, and have a beautiful appearance. They begin plastering the facade only after all processes that result in the release of moisture inside the room have been completed and the surfaces have completely dried. Aerated blocks must be dry, and the maximum permissible humidity is 27%. If this indicator is too high, water vapor that will escape will cause peeling of the finishing layer. Facade plaster for aerated concrete must have the following qualities:

frost resistance;
high adhesion to the base;
increased compressive strength;
weather resistance;
decorativeness.

Plaster for exterior finishing can be applied to the walls of the house in a thick layer (thick layer) or thin layer (thin layer). Thin-layer plaster is characterized by the fact that the material is applied in several layers no more than 10 mm thick. After preparing the surface and covering it with primer, a thin layer of plaster (up to 5 mm) is applied and reinforced with mesh.

For reinforcement, use metal (wire diameter - 0.1 mm, cell size - 0.16 * 0.16 mm) or fiberglass mesh (cell size - 50 * 50 mm). Its installation is carried out with an overlap of 50 mm. In addition, the corners of the building are formed, for which a perforated corner with a mesh is used, which prevents the appearance of cracks due to shrinkage of the building. Using a spatula, the mesh is embedded in the applied mixture. Reinforcing material must be installed at the locations of doors and windows. Then the plaster layer is leveled and waited for it to dry. The second layer is considered leveling, so you should strive to create as smooth a surface as possible. Afterwards the finishing layer is applied and the surface is rubbed with subsequent grout. All that remains is to paint the outside of the building, apply textured plaster and water repellent.

A house made from a material such as aerated concrete has many differences from houses built using foam concrete or brick. Aerated concrete is lightweight artificial stone, which has a porous structure and high thermal insulation properties, which indicates that the plaster used for aerated concrete is not ordinary.

So what kind of plaster should be used for exterior decoration houses made of aerated concrete blocks? What kind of solution should this be, and why can’t you use regular mixtures?

As you may have guessed, to perform external protection of walls, you cannot use ordinary cement-sand plaster mortar. The reason for this ban is that ordinary plaster lower vapor protection parameters than the aerated concrete blocks that make up the building.

There is an unspoken principle that any multi-layer breathable wall structure must be built using such a method that each subsequent layer has greater vapor permeability than the previous one. The closer to the street, the greater the permeability.

As an exception, it is possible for all layers to have this indicator of the same level, but this is not encouraged.

For work with aerated concrete blocks You should use exclusively special facade plaster for aerated concrete, which is called that.

How to plaster aerated concrete

Plastering walls made of aerated concrete is done in the following way: Apply facade plaster for aerated concrete blocks to the walls. This material is a special porous plaster mixture that has high vapor-permeable properties.

It is advisable to apply the plaster on the mesh so that it does not crack or fall off when it dries.

Plaster, which is used for finishing buildings made of aerated concrete, must have the following necessary qualities:

bulk weight – about 0.8 kg/dm³;
fraction within 2 – 4 mm;
it should be a light plaster mortar belonging to plasters of group P I;
resistance to compression pressure – class CS I;
low water absorption coefficient;
non-flammability - class A1.

The plaster mixture used to finish the façade of aerated concrete houses must have good ductility, it must be easy to process and should be applied on top of the base. This plaster can be applied in a layer whose thickness does not exceed 1.5 cm at a time.

Once hardened, this plaster should have good water-repellent properties.

However, nevertheless, it must have a good throughput with respect to water vapor, and in addition, it must easily cope with the harmful effects of adverse weather conditions.

How to plaster aerated concrete video

It’s worth saying right away that plastering work on aerated concrete is neither simple nor cheap.

If you have already firmly decided to carry out plastering work in a house made of aerated concrete, then use only suitable materials. Don’t forget, this is the guarantee that the work you perform will be of high quality, and the plaster will delight your eye for many years.

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